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7th day 2 9.20.18
- 1. DAY 2
- 2. Differences Between Men & Women
- 5. Differences Between Men & Women
- 6. Puberty
- 7. Puberty is the time when your body is developing and maturing from being a boy to a man or being a girl to a woman. You are physically maturing, and need to make wise choices in order to mature emotionally and relationally as well. Puberty
- 8. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt
- 9. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes
- 10. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair
- 11. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair Face/Skin Changes
- 12. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair Face/Skin Changes Smells
- 13. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair Face/Skin Changes Smells Voice Changes
- 14. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair Face/Skin Changes Smells Voice Changes Strong Emotions
- 15. Signs of Puberty Growth Spurt Body Shape Changes Hair Face/Skin Changes Smells Voice Changes Strong Emotions Hormones
- 16. Signs of Puberty Hormones
- 17. Signs of Puberty Hormones
- 18. Signs of Puberty GIRLS
- 19. Signs of Puberty GUYS
- 22. Science of Reproduction Magnified view of a sperm entering an egg
- 24. Teen Pregnancy
- 25. Teen Pregnancy o More than 820,000 teenage girls become pregnant each year. o That’s 1 girl every 3.7 minutes. o Nearly one out of every 3 teen girls who have had a sexual experience have been pregnant while still a teen. o Only 30% of teen mothers graduate from high school by the age of 30, and 80% end up on welfare. o One out of every 8 teenage guys becomes a father while still a teenager. o Teenage fathers earn significantly less money than those who delay having kids until their 20s. o Children of teen mothers are 50% more likely to be born weighing less than 5.5 lbs, increasing their chances of birth defects and death. o Children of teen mothers are more likely to do poorly in school, more likely to go to jail, more likely to experience a teenage pregnancy of their own, and more likely to live in poverty.
- 28. Oxytocin and Vasopressin the bonding hormones Emotional Consequences
- 30. Choosing to shake things up & have a Fresh Start is always an option!
Editor's Notes
- It's easy to feel embarrassed or anxious when talking about sex, but you need to be sure you have all the right information. Some teens can talk to their parents about sex and get all their questions answered. But if you feel funny talking to your parents about sex, there are many other people to talk to, like your doctor, a school nurse, a teacher, a school counselor, or another adult you feel comfortable talking with. And that’s why we’re teaching this class!
- Today we are going to start by talking about the differences in men and women. 1. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MEN & WOMEN 1. Without a backpack, how do guys carry their books? (Demonstrate books under your arm). How do girls carry them? (Demonstrate against your chest) No one had to teach you that, right? It’s an innate behavior. Innate behavior - pre-programmed behavior; you don’t have to learn it. “You’re just wired that way.”
- Differences between Men & Women video
- What is puberty?? Click next slide for definition
- Growth spurt: Your body is growing, and it's happening really fast! You might even experience growing pains. When you enter puberty, it might seem like your sleeves are always getting shorter and your pants always look like you're ready for a flood — that's because you're experiencing a major growth spurt. It lasts for about 2 to 3 years. When that growth spurt is at its peak, some people grow 4 or more inches in a year.
- Body shape changes: As your body grows taller, it will change in other ways, too. You will gain weight, and as your body becomes heavier, you'll start to notice changes in its overall shape. Guys' shoulders will grow wider, and their bodies will become more muscular. Girls' bodies usually become curvier. They gain weight on their hips, and their breasts develop, starting with just a little swelling under the nipple. Sometimes one breast might develop more quickly than the other, but most of the time they soon even out. With all this growing and developing going on, girls will notice an increase in body fat and occasional soreness under the nipples as the breasts start to enlarge — and that's normal. Gaining some weight is part of developing into a woman, and it's unhealthy for girls to go on a diet to try to stop this normal weight gain. This is a time when girls are at risk to develop eating disorders, so they need to be careful.
- Hair: hair starts growing in weird places! One of the first signs of puberty is hair growing where it didn't grow before. Guys and girls both begin to grow hair under their arms and in their pubic areas or underwear zone. It starts out looking light and sparse. Then as you go through puberty, it becomes longer, thicker, heavier, and darker. Eventually, guys also start to grow hair on their faces.
- Face/Skin Changes: Another thing that comes with puberty is acne, or pimples. Acne is triggered by puberty hormones. Pimples usually start around the beginning of puberty and can stick around during adolescence (the teen years). You may notice pimples on your face, your upper back, or your upper chest. It helps to keep your skin clean, and your doctor will be able to offer some suggestions for clearing up acne. The good news about acne is that it usually gets better or disappears by the end of adolescence.
- Smells: A lot of teens notice that they have a new smell under their arms and elsewhere on their bodies when they enter puberty, and it's not a pretty one. That smell is body odor, and everyone gets it. Keeping clean is a good way to lessen the smell. You might want to take a shower every day. Using deodorant (or deodorant with antiperspirant) every day can help keep body odor in check, too. Help a neighbor out and keep your body odor under control
- Voice changes: Guys will also notice that their voices may "crack" and eventually get deeper.
- Strong Emotions: Just as those hormones create changes in the way your body looks on the outside, they also create changes on the inside. While your body is adjusting to all the new hormones, so is your mind. During puberty, you might feel confused or have strong emotions that you've never experienced before. You may feel anxious about how your changing body looks. You might feel overly sensitive or become easily upset. Some teens lose their tempers more than usual and get angry at their friends or families. These fluctuating hormones affect guys and girls differently:
- Guys have 2 hormones: Testosterone and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) that can affect moods, but remain level throughout the month. Girls, on the other hand, deal with lots of hormonal changes all the time – 4 hormones: Progesterone, Estrogen, LH (Luteinizing Hormone), and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) fluctuate drastically. This isn’t an excuse for girls to be mean, but it might help you understand a little better why your mother, sister, girlfriend, or classmate can have twenty different moods in one hour. See next slide
- Menstrual period: About 2 to 2½ years after girls' breasts start to develop; they get their first menstrual period. This is one more thing that lets a girl know puberty is progressing and the puberty hormones have been doing their job. Girls have two ovaries, and each ovary holds thousands of eggs. All of the eggs a female will have are present when she is born. Once puberty starts, these eggs start being released. During the menstrual cycle, one of the eggs comes out of an ovary and begins a trip through the fallopian tube; ending up in the uterus (the uterus is also called the womb). Before the egg is released from the ovary, the uterus has been building up its lining with extra blood and tissue. If the egg is fertilized by a sperm cell, it stays in the uterus and grows into a baby, using that extra blood and tissue to keep it healthy and protected as it's developing. Most of the time, though, the egg is only passing through. When the egg doesn't get fertilized, the uterus no longer needs the extra blood and tissue, so it leaves the body through the vagina as a menstrual period. A period usually lasts from 5 to 7 days, and about 2 weeks after the start of the period a new egg is released, which marks the middle of each cycle. This cycle will continue until she reaches menopause, which will occur sometime in her 40s or 50s. Girls might see and feel a white, mucous-like discharge from the vagina. This doesn't mean anything is wrong — it is just another sign of your changing body and hormones.
- Testicles: grow and start producing sperm and testosterone. Erections: guys will start to get erections. Erections sometimes happen for no reason at all. They may experience something called nocturnal emissions (or wet dreams), when the penis becomes erect while a guy is sleeping and he ejaculates. When a guy ejaculates, semen comes out of the penis — semen is a fluid that contains sperm. That's why they're called wet dreams — they happen when you're sleeping and your underwear or the bed might be a little wet when you wake up. A guy may wake up and think he has wet the bed during the night. Wet dreams become less frequent as guys progress through puberty, and they eventually stop. Unlike the female, whose sex organs are located entirely within the pelvis, the male has reproductive organs, or genitals, that are both inside and outside the pelvis. In a guy who's reached sexual maturity, the two testicles (pronounced: tes-tih-kulz), or testes (pronounced: tes-teez), produce and store millions of tiny sperm cells. The testicles are oval-shaped and grow to be about 2 inches (5 centimeters) in length and 1 inch (3 centimeters) in diameter. The testicles are also part of the endocrine system because they produce hormones, including testosterone (pronounced: tes-tos-tuh-rone). Testosterone is a major part of puberty in guys, and as a guy makes his way through puberty, his testicles produce more and more of it. Testosterone is the hormone that causes guys to develop deeper voices, bigger muscles, and body and facial hair, and it also stimulates the production of sperm. Alongside the testicles are the epididymis (pronounced: ep-ih-did-uh-mus) and the vas deferens (pronounced: vas def-uh-runz), which make up the duct system of the male reproductive organs. The vas deferens is a muscular tube that passes upward alongside the testicles and transports the sperm-containing fluid called semen (pronounced: see-mun). The epididymis is a set of coiled tubes (one for each testicle) that connects to the vas deferens. The epididymis and the testicles hang in a pouch-like structure outside the pelvis called the scrotum. This bag of skin helps to regulate the temperature of testicles, which need to be kept cooler than body temperature to produce sperm. The scrotum changes size to maintain the right temperature. When the body is cold, the scrotum shrinks and becomes tighter to hold in body heat. When it's warm, the scrotum becomes larger and more floppy to get rid of extra heat. This happens without a guy ever having to think about it. The brain and the nervous system give the scrotum the cue to change size. The penis is actually made up of two parts: the shaft and the glans. The shaft is the main part of the penis and the glans is the tip (sometimes called the head). At the end of the glans is a small slit or opening, which is where semen and urine exit the body through the urethra. The inside of the penis is made of a spongy tissue that can expand and contract. All boys are born with a foreskin, a fold of skin at the end of the penis covering the glans. Some boys have a circumcision, which means that a doctor or clergy member cuts away the foreskin. Circumcision is usually performed during a baby boy's first few days of life. Although circumcision is not medically necessary, parents who choose to have their children circumcised often do so based on religious beliefs, concerns about hygiene, or cultural or social reasons. Penises work the same, whether they are circumcised or not.
- Reproduction: When girls and boys reach puberty, their bodies start to change and become more mature. From this time, if a male and a female have sexual intercourse (often called 'making love', or 'sleeping with someone'), it is possible that the girl could get pregnant, and a baby could start to grow. How a baby’s life starts: Sperm are the male 'seeds' that contribute to starting a new life. Living sperm look a lot like tadpoles (under a microscope). When sperm are ejaculated from the penis during sexual intercourse, they swim up the vagina, through the cervix, into the uterus and then into the fallopian tubes of the female. These sperm are looking for an ovum (or egg) to fertilize. When a female is born she carries thousands of eggs ready to use when she becomes adult. These are the female 'seeds' that, along with sperm, contribute to creating a new life. Once a month, the female releases an egg. If an egg has been released, a sperm can unite with it, fertilize it and make a baby.
- The female is pregnant because the fertilized egg immediately divided into two cells; these cells then divided again and again over the next couple of days as the cluster of cells made its way to the uterus (womb). Here it is planted in the lining of the uterus and continues dividing its cells to make billions of new cells. The amazing thing is that each one of these cells contains the same set of chromosomes or 'plans' that were created at fertilization! A baby is growing and developing inside the woman. When your dad's sperm and mom's egg got together, they each brought a set of genes for what the new baby would be like. These genes decide lots of things about you, (i.e. boy or girl, color of skin, eyes, hair, etc.) Genes are made of DNA. Strands of DNA are called chromosomes. Chromosomes determine everything from hair color and eye color to sex. Whether you are a male or female depends on the presence or absence of certain chromosomes.
- You are a completely unique and wonderful person. A female can get pregnant after she starts to have a menstrual cycle. The female body releases an egg 14 days prior to the menstrual cycle starting each month. This is called ovulation. The egg lives for about 72 hours and the female can get pregnant during the time the egg is alive. If the female has sex while she is ovulating, she can get pregnant. Inside the uterus (womb): The place where the embryo plants itself is inside the uterus. The ovaries will stop releasing eggs while the mother is pregnant, and the cervix will close so that nothing can enter the uterus and harm the baby. The baby starts to grow, and other tissue grows into a placenta. During pregnancy, the placenta provides oxygen from the air that mom breathes, and nutrients from the food she eats. This is why it is important that mom gets good food and takes care not to smoke, drink alcohol or take drugs, because the developing baby gets those too and he or she (the baby) cannot say, "No". Some of the nutrients from what mom eats or drinks, and oxygen from the air she breathes, goes through the umbilical cord to the baby. Any waste from the growing baby goes back through the cord into the mother's bloodstream and passes out of her body. The umbilical cord is a soft 'bendy' tube from the placenta to the navel [or belly button] of the fetus. There is a sac (like a bag of thin skin) filled with fluid protecting the skin of the developing baby. So, if the mother bumps into anything, the baby will be protected. The baby can move around safely inside the mother for 9 months until he or she is ready to be born into our world. Sperm is the smallest cell in a human body and swims at about 5 mm per minute, and it’s in fact, five body lengths of the sperm per second. So if you scaled them up, if those were the size of a salmon, that would be the equivalent of the salmon swimming along at 500 miles an hour, or a whale doing 15,000 miles an hour. So the sperm are pretty snappy. They get to the egg pretty fast, certainly within a day or so. How do they find it? They recognize it by two means. One is a thermal gradient. They follow temperature so they know that the body gets warmer the further in they go. And the second means is that the egg oozes out various attractive molecules, so the sperm cells can “smell” chemicals given off by the egg once they get very close to it. This pulls the sperm towards the egg because they follow their noses, quite literal. Condoms work up to 85% of the time against sperm. Is this enough protection for you to trust your life with? Is that safe enough for you? Think about it like this: if you were going to fly in a plane and the pilot said, “Don’t worry the plane lands without crashing 85% of the time.” Would you fly in that plane?
- EMOTIONAL CONSEQUENCES OF SEX “There is a chance will have sex and avoid pregnancy, but there are other serious consequences that you need to know about. We will talk about diseases tomorrow, but let’s talk about the emotional consequences of having sex right now.” “We talked about hormones yesterday and discussed how they can affect us. Now let’s talk about two more: Oxytocin and Vasopressin, which are sometimes referred to as the "bonding hormones". Both men and women have oxytocin and release it during sexual activity. Women are more affected by oxytocin and men by vasopressin. They are released in large amounts during sex. Oxytocin also releases during childbirth and nursing to cause a mother to bond with her infant. Vasopressin helps men bond to their partner and instills a protective instinct toward that partner and her child. When oxytocin is released in the brain during sexual activity, or even something as simple as holding hands and cuddling, it acts like emotional superglue. When you break up and get a new partner, your ability to produce oxytocin (bond) is damaged. Previous sexual experiences reduce our hormonal ability to bond correctly. Brain chemicals don’t care how old, mature, or in control of your emotions you are – they try to create a bond with sexual partners.”
- This demonstration will introduce students to the concept of physiological bonding. Ask for a volunteer. When the volunteer comes to the front of the class, tear off a piece of tape around 16-18 inches long. Hold up the tape and say, “This is your girlfriend (boyfriend). She is kind of thin and transparent. She’s a nice, wonderful girl. You care for her a great deal and you’ve decided to have sex here and now.” Have the volunteer pull up his sleeve and place the tape on and around his arm. As you’re doing so, talk about the fact that this was the first time for the both of them. They were both virgins. Now ask, “How old are you? 13? 14? Do you think you are going to marry this girl?” Turn to the class (all the while patting the tape down on the student’s arm) and ask the class “Is it possible he could marry her? Sure. Is it probable? No. So what’s going to happen? That’s right—he’s going to break up with her at some point. And look at him; he’s a nice guy with a great smile. He doesn’t want to hurt her.” Turn to your volunteer and say, “Break up with her slowly. Try not to hurt her!” Observe the volunteer as he rips the tape off and winces. After thanking your student volunteer and asking the class to give him a hand, ask him to return to his seat. Draw attention to the fact that the male volunteer is rubbing his arm on the way back to his seat, and make the point that break ups hurt guys, too. Hold up the tape and say, “He left some very special things on this tape. Skin, hair, cologne, DNA.” If time permits, repeat this exercise with another male volunteer using the same piece of tape. Point out that the bonding strength of the tape is diminished. Then ask, “If this process gets repeated too many times, do you think it will affect this person’s (hold up the tape) marriage?” Ask, “Do you want the stability of your future marriage to be diminished? Think about what you are doing today and how that will affect your future relationships.” Emphasize the following to your class: “I want to tell you something incredibly important. Please listen up. If you have been or are currently sexually active, please know that I am not here to make you feel guilty or to suggest you have lost your ability to bond. That is NOT the point of this lesson. I am here to give you information that you may have never heard before so you can make better choices in the future. Today is a new day and you can start over with new skills and better information.” Say, “Some of you are probably saying to yourself, “I just like having sex. I am in love with my boyfriend or girlfriend so it’s okay. You need to be aware of the physiological effects of sex regarding bonding, through the hormones we talked about: Oxytocin and Vasopressin.” Ask the class to start to brainstorm ways to set boundaries when their bodies are raging with hormones. Point out that it’s not easy, but that’s why it’s so important to set boundaries early. Ask them to think about it overnight for class discussion tomorrow. Encourage the students not to rush the steps of intimacy and miss the thrill each one offers! Enjoy each step! Move slowly. And don’t forget the impact of Oxytocin, love’s Crazy Glue!