1. The document describes British patent GB780006 (A) from 1957 regarding improvements to refrigerators.
2. It specifically relates to maintaining humidity in the food storage compartment to prevent drying out of foods.
3. The invention involves using a receptacle containing a water supply and heating element located in the food storage compartment. Defrost water is directed to periodically refill the receptacle and the heating element is activated to evaporate the water as needed to control humidity.
The document describes an improved heading tool for cold forging metal articles with an enlarged head, such as screws. The tool consists of an outer sleeve reinforcing an intermediate sleeve with a bore defining the head side wall. An inner member is set into the intermediate sleeve to form a recessed cavity for the head with an annular vented chamber at the floor/wall junction to allow air/oil escape. This tool design addresses prior difficulties and allows more accurate heads to be formed with a longer tool life.
The document summarizes an improved nail packing machine that comprises a series of vibrating feeder chutes to efficiently pack nails into cases. An intermediate chute weighs the amount of nails received and interrupts the vibrator on the hopper chute if too many nails are received, allowing the intermediate chute to unload before restoring to normal operation. The machine also includes a vibratory table to further settle the nails into the cases without empty spaces.
This patent document describes improvements to roll-film photographic cameras that allow for double exposures. Specifically, it describes a camera with a rotatable operating member that can selectively couple or uncouple the shutter winding and film transport mechanisms. It also includes a locking device that prevents movement of the shutter winding mechanism when the film transport mechanism is uncoupled after an incomplete film feed, addressing limitations of the prior design.
This document describes a patent for improvements in forming hermetic seals between metallic parts without heat. It involves arranging indium between the metallic surfaces and applying pressure to cause the indium to diffuse into each surface, forming an airtight seal. The indium cold-welds easily and provides a vacuum-tight bond at room temperature between metals like copper. The seal can withstand baking up to 600°C without deterioration.
This document describes improvements to reflex klystrons. It discloses a reflex klystron design that avoids the formation of a virtual cathode in the reflector space by ensuring the ratio of the reflector surface area to the cathode surface area is more than twice the ratio of the length of the retarding path in front of the reflector to the length of the acceleration path in front of the cathode. The klystron is suitable for modulation purposes due to its relatively large bandwidth.
This document provides a description of patent GB780010 (A) for improvements to electrical follow-up systems. The system uses a magnetic amplifier to amplify an error signal modulated at a sub-carrier frequency, which helps eliminate effects of datum instability in the amplifier. It then applies the amplified signal to a motor to reduce the error signal to zero and correctly indicate the measured value, such as liquid level.
This document describes a flux composition for soldering metals like aluminum that comprises a zinc chloride complex salt of a pyrazoline hydrohalide and a nitrogen salt component. The flux composition has advantages for production line soldering as it can be used in an inexpensive, non-flammable aqueous solution without hydrolysis or oxide formation issues seen in other fluxes. The document provides details on preparing the complex salt and flux, and examples demonstrating its effectiveness in soldering aluminum.
This document describes a process for stabilizing textile materials against shrinkage during laundering by treating cellulosic materials with non-volatile acetals of monoaldehydes and dialdehydes containing up to eight carbon atoms, and heating the treated material in the presence of an acidic catalyst and curing at over 121°C. Specific examples are provided of treating fabrics like viscose with acetals then evaluating them for shrinkage after multiple washes. The treatment is said to impart shrink resistance with minimal discoloration and retention of strength and handle.
The document describes an improved heading tool for cold forging metal articles with an enlarged head, such as screws. The tool consists of an outer sleeve reinforcing an intermediate sleeve with a bore defining the head side wall. An inner member is set into the intermediate sleeve to form a recessed cavity for the head with an annular vented chamber at the floor/wall junction to allow air/oil escape. This tool design addresses prior difficulties and allows more accurate heads to be formed with a longer tool life.
The document summarizes an improved nail packing machine that comprises a series of vibrating feeder chutes to efficiently pack nails into cases. An intermediate chute weighs the amount of nails received and interrupts the vibrator on the hopper chute if too many nails are received, allowing the intermediate chute to unload before restoring to normal operation. The machine also includes a vibratory table to further settle the nails into the cases without empty spaces.
This patent document describes improvements to roll-film photographic cameras that allow for double exposures. Specifically, it describes a camera with a rotatable operating member that can selectively couple or uncouple the shutter winding and film transport mechanisms. It also includes a locking device that prevents movement of the shutter winding mechanism when the film transport mechanism is uncoupled after an incomplete film feed, addressing limitations of the prior design.
This document describes a patent for improvements in forming hermetic seals between metallic parts without heat. It involves arranging indium between the metallic surfaces and applying pressure to cause the indium to diffuse into each surface, forming an airtight seal. The indium cold-welds easily and provides a vacuum-tight bond at room temperature between metals like copper. The seal can withstand baking up to 600°C without deterioration.
This document describes improvements to reflex klystrons. It discloses a reflex klystron design that avoids the formation of a virtual cathode in the reflector space by ensuring the ratio of the reflector surface area to the cathode surface area is more than twice the ratio of the length of the retarding path in front of the reflector to the length of the acceleration path in front of the cathode. The klystron is suitable for modulation purposes due to its relatively large bandwidth.
This document provides a description of patent GB780010 (A) for improvements to electrical follow-up systems. The system uses a magnetic amplifier to amplify an error signal modulated at a sub-carrier frequency, which helps eliminate effects of datum instability in the amplifier. It then applies the amplified signal to a motor to reduce the error signal to zero and correctly indicate the measured value, such as liquid level.
This document describes a flux composition for soldering metals like aluminum that comprises a zinc chloride complex salt of a pyrazoline hydrohalide and a nitrogen salt component. The flux composition has advantages for production line soldering as it can be used in an inexpensive, non-flammable aqueous solution without hydrolysis or oxide formation issues seen in other fluxes. The document provides details on preparing the complex salt and flux, and examples demonstrating its effectiveness in soldering aluminum.
This document describes a process for stabilizing textile materials against shrinkage during laundering by treating cellulosic materials with non-volatile acetals of monoaldehydes and dialdehydes containing up to eight carbon atoms, and heating the treated material in the presence of an acidic catalyst and curing at over 121°C. Specific examples are provided of treating fabrics like viscose with acetals then evaluating them for shrinkage after multiple washes. The treatment is said to impart shrink resistance with minimal discoloration and retention of strength and handle.
1) The document describes improvements relating to electrical storage apparatus, specifically storage systems for numerical data in binary form using an array of double base transistors.
2) A double base transistor has two base electrodes with a trigger electrode and collector electrode in between. Applying a bias voltage between the base electrodes and a trigger voltage to the trigger electrode can trigger the transistor and allow current to flow, indicating stored data.
3) The transistors can be arranged in a matrix with rows and columns, allowing any transistor to be selectively triggered by applying voltages simultaneously to the corresponding row and column, allowing digital data to be stored and read out without erasing it.
This document describes a method for molding shoe soles directly onto shoe bottoms using a molded wall member around the shoe perimeter. Key steps include:
1) Attaching a molded wall member around the shoe bottom margin to create a cavity when placed against a mold surface.
2) Filling the cavity with a resin dispersion then heating to solidify, bonding the sole to the shoe bottom and wall member.
3) Removing the finished shoe with molded sole adhered to it.
This document describes a water softening device that uses ion exchange to soften water from mains before it reaches domestic or industrial premises. It contains a cartridge holding the ion exchange medium that is detachably mounted to a frame. The frame can be fixed to a wall. Water enters the bottom of the cartridge, passes through the ion exchange medium, and exits the top, now softened. The cartridge design makes the water softener inexpensive enough to use with water heaters.
This document describes British patent GB780024 (A) for improvements in weighing apparatus. The weighing apparatus uses a weight-carrying platform mounted on a conducting coil located in a magnetic field. Current is passed through the coil to support the platform in a floating position. When a weight is placed on the platform, the current through the coil is increased to restore the position, and the current variations are indicated to show the weight. The apparatus provides a fast response time and can indicate weight as a voltage, making it suitable for automatic control applications.
The document describes an improved heading tool for cold forging metal articles with an enlarged head, such as screws. The tool consists of an outer sleeve reinforcing an intermediate sleeve with a bore defining the head side wall. An inner member is set into the intermediate sleeve to form a recessed cavity for the head with an annular vented chamber at the floor/wall junction to allow air/oil escape. This improves head shaping accuracy and tool life over previous single-piece or insert designs.
This document describes a patent for improvements in forming hermetic seals between metallic parts without heat. It involves arranging indium between the metallic surfaces and applying pressure to cause the indium to diffuse into each surface, forming an airtight seal. The indium cold-welds easily and provides a vacuum-tight bond at room temperature between metals like copper. The seal can withstand baking up to 600 degrees C without deterioration.
This document describes a travelling wave tube comprising a ceramic envelope bonded to ceramic discs at each end, with a helix inside. It includes coaxial input/output feeders external to the envelope. Dielectric-loaded stripline impedance transformers couple each end of the helix to the respective feeder. The couplings are formed by a ground plane on the disc joined to the feeder outer conductor, and a radial conducting strip bonded to the disc inner face connected to the helix and feeder inner conductor.
This document describes a patent for a mechanical current converter (contact rectifier) with commutating reactors. The key aspects are that each reactor can be divided into two or more partial reactors that can be connected in series or parallel to vary the effective reactance. This allows the step current of the reactors to remain constant even if the supply voltage decreases. When the voltage decreases to half the original value, one of the reactors can be short-circuited to maintain the favorable step length.
This document is a patent application from 1957 relating to locker and cupboard door fastenings. It describes a three-point locking mechanism that locks the door at the top, bottom, and side for increased security. The mechanism includes a lever that projects from the side of the door and upper and lower bolt members connected to the lever that project from the top and bottom when the lever is engaged. One of the bolt members has an abutment that can be locked in place by a lock to secure all three points.
This document describes a mineral feed supplement for poultry and livestock. The supplement comprises small, solid granular particles containing an intimate admixture of a normally solid wax-like material, a vegetable meal, and one or more trace minerals. This formulation protects fat-soluble vitamins from being detrimentally affected by the trace minerals when included together in feed. Examples are provided of producing various supplements using different wax and mineral sources, and testing their ability to maintain vitamin D stability over time as well as the digestibility of minerals within the formulation. The supplement was found to greatly improve the stability of vitamins when combined with minerals in feed, and minerals within it were shown to be highly digestible.
This document describes a patent for improvements in code converting arrangements for telegraph systems. Specifically, it details a code converter circuit that converts signals from a 5-unit binary code into a 7-unit protected code, such as a constant ratio code, and vice versa. The circuit uses rectifiers and resistors connected to intermediate conductors to establish the code conversion in a way that uses uniform switching units and only produces two voltage levels, improving on prior arrangements. Diagrams of the circuit are provided and an example conversion table from 5-unit to 7-unit code is given.
The document describes a water heater appliance that includes a boiler, companion water heater with a hot water storage tank, and a controller. The controller controls the boiler based on temperature sensors at the upper and lower portions of the storage tank. If both the upper and lower temperatures are below a set point, the boiler is controlled to heat the water above the set point for quick heating. If the upper temperature is above the set point but the lower is below, the boiler is controlled to heat the water only to the set point for slower heating. This allows the appliance to provide both quick peak heating and slower steady-state heating efficiency.
This document describes a patent for a method of conditioning web-like materials in a closed chamber using a gaseous medium containing water vapor. The method involves dividing the conditioning process into separate treatment steps where the material is cooled between steps. The relative humidity is successively increased in each step. This allows for more even moisture distribution compared to previous single-step methods. Diagrams and figures show the multi-step apparatus used to perform this conditioning process.
To assess the performance of the vapor compression cycle as a refrigerator and as a heat pump and its dependence on various parameters. To learn how to use the equipment to measure temperatures at various test points and the flow rates for liquids and gases.
Iaii 9 transferencia de calor en estado no estacionarioJulio Tirado
The document discusses heat transfer in non-steady state conditions. It defines conduction as the transport of heat between molecules due to a temperature difference. Steady-state conduction occurs when heat transfer is constant and homogeneous over time. In non-steady state conduction, the temperature distribution in a body depends on location and time. The thermal conductivity of a material indicates how well it conducts heat from one point to another. The evolution of temperature over time is given by the heat diffusion equation.
The document discusses waste heat recovery from a domestic refrigerator. It describes how a waste heat recovery system was designed and retrofitted to the refrigerator in order to capture waste heat from the condenser. The waste heat is then used to keep food warm in an insulated oven attachment and to heat water. This saves significant amounts of energy by reusing heat that would otherwise be lost to the environment. The document also provides background on refrigeration systems, outlining the basic vapor compression cycle used in refrigerators and how each component functions to produce cooling.
Thermal Analysis of Clay Pot in Pot RefrigeratorIJMER
Cooling through evaporation is an ancient effective method of lowering temperature. The simple clay pot refrigerator is ideally suited for preserving vegetarian food and water in hot and dry climates. The refrigeration takes place by evaporation through the porous pot material. The present work includes experimental analysis of a clay pot in pot by varying height of water in the inner pot, by varying water level in the annulus of two pots and by subjecting the pot in pot refrigerator for free and forced convection. Results obtained from experimental analysis shows that Temperature T1 is highest when inner
pot is filled with 5.5litres of water and lowest when it is filled with 1.5 litres of water. Temperature T1 decreases by increasing water level in the annulus of two pots and rate of cooling is lowest when pot in pot refrigerator is subjected to free convection and highest when it is subjected to forced convection.
design and development of portable ripening chamberAjit Saruk
This document describes the design and development of a refrigerated fruit ripening chamber. It aims to minimize fruit waste that occurs due to improper ripening methods, exposure to sunlight, and loss of water from fruits. The design focuses on ripening bananas, which require temperatures of 15-18°C. The ripening chamber avoids water loss and minimizes weight loss, increasing the lifespan of bananas by 7-10 days. Key components of the design include a refrigeration system using R134a refrigerant, an evaporator coil, insulation, temperature controller, and controlled release of ethylene gas to stimulate ripening. The system is intended to allow retailers to directly source ripe bananas from farmers at a lower cost than traditional methods.
The document discusses how a refrigerator works through a refrigeration cycle process. It begins with refrigerant being compressed in the compressor and becoming a hot gas. This hot gas is then pushed into condenser coils where it exchanges heat with the incoming room air and becomes a liquid. The liquid refrigerant then cools down as it flows into evaporator coils inside the fridge where it absorbs heat, cooling the air. The refrigerant evaporates back into a gas and flows to the compressor to repeat the cycle, maintaining a constant cool temperature inside the refrigerator. The repeated refrigeration cycle uses changes in refrigerant state and pressure differences to transfer heat out of the refrigerator.
Experimental Investigation of a Household Refrigerator Using Evaporative-Cool...inventy
The objective of this paper was to investigate experimentally the effect of Evaporative-cooled condenser in a household refrigerator. The experiment was done using HCF134a as the refrigerant. The performance of the household refrigerator with air-cooled and Evaporative-cooled condenser was compared for different load conditions. The results indicate that the refrigerator performance had improved when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser on all load conditions. Evaporativecooled condenser reduced the energy consumption when compared with the air-cooled condenser. There was also an enhancement in coefficient of performance (COP) when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser. The Evaporative cooled heat exchanger was designed and the system was modified by retrofitting it, instead of the conventional air-cooled condenser by making drop wise condensation using water and forced circulation over the condenser. From the experimental analysis it is observed that the COP of evaporative cooled system increased by 13.44% compared to that of air cooled system. So the overall efficiency and refrigerating effect is increased. In minimum constructional, maintenance and running cost, the system is much useful for domestic purpose. This study also revealed that combining a evaporative cooled system along with conventional water cooled system under the condition that the defrost water obtained from the freezer is used for drop wise condensation over condenser and water cooled condensation of the condenser at the bottom using remaining defrost water would reduce the power consumption, work done and hence further increase in refrigerating effect of the system. The study has shown that such a system is technically feasible and economically viable
IRJET- Review on Comparative Analysis of COP of Vapour Compression Refrig...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the comparative analysis of the coefficient of performance (COP) of vapor compression refrigeration systems using different refrigerants. It analyzes the COP of systems using R134a, R407c, and R410a refrigerants. R134a is commonly used but harms the environment, while R407c and R410a are eco-friendly alternatives. The COP varies with evaporating temperature for each refrigerant. The document aims to determine the best refrigerant option based on performance and environmental impact. It provides background on vapor compression refrigeration systems and their basic components, including the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.
1) The document describes improvements relating to electrical storage apparatus, specifically storage systems for numerical data in binary form using an array of double base transistors.
2) A double base transistor has two base electrodes with a trigger electrode and collector electrode in between. Applying a bias voltage between the base electrodes and a trigger voltage to the trigger electrode can trigger the transistor and allow current to flow, indicating stored data.
3) The transistors can be arranged in a matrix with rows and columns, allowing any transistor to be selectively triggered by applying voltages simultaneously to the corresponding row and column, allowing digital data to be stored and read out without erasing it.
This document describes a method for molding shoe soles directly onto shoe bottoms using a molded wall member around the shoe perimeter. Key steps include:
1) Attaching a molded wall member around the shoe bottom margin to create a cavity when placed against a mold surface.
2) Filling the cavity with a resin dispersion then heating to solidify, bonding the sole to the shoe bottom and wall member.
3) Removing the finished shoe with molded sole adhered to it.
This document describes a water softening device that uses ion exchange to soften water from mains before it reaches domestic or industrial premises. It contains a cartridge holding the ion exchange medium that is detachably mounted to a frame. The frame can be fixed to a wall. Water enters the bottom of the cartridge, passes through the ion exchange medium, and exits the top, now softened. The cartridge design makes the water softener inexpensive enough to use with water heaters.
This document describes British patent GB780024 (A) for improvements in weighing apparatus. The weighing apparatus uses a weight-carrying platform mounted on a conducting coil located in a magnetic field. Current is passed through the coil to support the platform in a floating position. When a weight is placed on the platform, the current through the coil is increased to restore the position, and the current variations are indicated to show the weight. The apparatus provides a fast response time and can indicate weight as a voltage, making it suitable for automatic control applications.
The document describes an improved heading tool for cold forging metal articles with an enlarged head, such as screws. The tool consists of an outer sleeve reinforcing an intermediate sleeve with a bore defining the head side wall. An inner member is set into the intermediate sleeve to form a recessed cavity for the head with an annular vented chamber at the floor/wall junction to allow air/oil escape. This improves head shaping accuracy and tool life over previous single-piece or insert designs.
This document describes a patent for improvements in forming hermetic seals between metallic parts without heat. It involves arranging indium between the metallic surfaces and applying pressure to cause the indium to diffuse into each surface, forming an airtight seal. The indium cold-welds easily and provides a vacuum-tight bond at room temperature between metals like copper. The seal can withstand baking up to 600 degrees C without deterioration.
This document describes a travelling wave tube comprising a ceramic envelope bonded to ceramic discs at each end, with a helix inside. It includes coaxial input/output feeders external to the envelope. Dielectric-loaded stripline impedance transformers couple each end of the helix to the respective feeder. The couplings are formed by a ground plane on the disc joined to the feeder outer conductor, and a radial conducting strip bonded to the disc inner face connected to the helix and feeder inner conductor.
This document describes a patent for a mechanical current converter (contact rectifier) with commutating reactors. The key aspects are that each reactor can be divided into two or more partial reactors that can be connected in series or parallel to vary the effective reactance. This allows the step current of the reactors to remain constant even if the supply voltage decreases. When the voltage decreases to half the original value, one of the reactors can be short-circuited to maintain the favorable step length.
This document is a patent application from 1957 relating to locker and cupboard door fastenings. It describes a three-point locking mechanism that locks the door at the top, bottom, and side for increased security. The mechanism includes a lever that projects from the side of the door and upper and lower bolt members connected to the lever that project from the top and bottom when the lever is engaged. One of the bolt members has an abutment that can be locked in place by a lock to secure all three points.
This document describes a mineral feed supplement for poultry and livestock. The supplement comprises small, solid granular particles containing an intimate admixture of a normally solid wax-like material, a vegetable meal, and one or more trace minerals. This formulation protects fat-soluble vitamins from being detrimentally affected by the trace minerals when included together in feed. Examples are provided of producing various supplements using different wax and mineral sources, and testing their ability to maintain vitamin D stability over time as well as the digestibility of minerals within the formulation. The supplement was found to greatly improve the stability of vitamins when combined with minerals in feed, and minerals within it were shown to be highly digestible.
This document describes a patent for improvements in code converting arrangements for telegraph systems. Specifically, it details a code converter circuit that converts signals from a 5-unit binary code into a 7-unit protected code, such as a constant ratio code, and vice versa. The circuit uses rectifiers and resistors connected to intermediate conductors to establish the code conversion in a way that uses uniform switching units and only produces two voltage levels, improving on prior arrangements. Diagrams of the circuit are provided and an example conversion table from 5-unit to 7-unit code is given.
The document describes a water heater appliance that includes a boiler, companion water heater with a hot water storage tank, and a controller. The controller controls the boiler based on temperature sensors at the upper and lower portions of the storage tank. If both the upper and lower temperatures are below a set point, the boiler is controlled to heat the water above the set point for quick heating. If the upper temperature is above the set point but the lower is below, the boiler is controlled to heat the water only to the set point for slower heating. This allows the appliance to provide both quick peak heating and slower steady-state heating efficiency.
This document describes a patent for a method of conditioning web-like materials in a closed chamber using a gaseous medium containing water vapor. The method involves dividing the conditioning process into separate treatment steps where the material is cooled between steps. The relative humidity is successively increased in each step. This allows for more even moisture distribution compared to previous single-step methods. Diagrams and figures show the multi-step apparatus used to perform this conditioning process.
To assess the performance of the vapor compression cycle as a refrigerator and as a heat pump and its dependence on various parameters. To learn how to use the equipment to measure temperatures at various test points and the flow rates for liquids and gases.
Iaii 9 transferencia de calor en estado no estacionarioJulio Tirado
The document discusses heat transfer in non-steady state conditions. It defines conduction as the transport of heat between molecules due to a temperature difference. Steady-state conduction occurs when heat transfer is constant and homogeneous over time. In non-steady state conduction, the temperature distribution in a body depends on location and time. The thermal conductivity of a material indicates how well it conducts heat from one point to another. The evolution of temperature over time is given by the heat diffusion equation.
The document discusses waste heat recovery from a domestic refrigerator. It describes how a waste heat recovery system was designed and retrofitted to the refrigerator in order to capture waste heat from the condenser. The waste heat is then used to keep food warm in an insulated oven attachment and to heat water. This saves significant amounts of energy by reusing heat that would otherwise be lost to the environment. The document also provides background on refrigeration systems, outlining the basic vapor compression cycle used in refrigerators and how each component functions to produce cooling.
Thermal Analysis of Clay Pot in Pot RefrigeratorIJMER
Cooling through evaporation is an ancient effective method of lowering temperature. The simple clay pot refrigerator is ideally suited for preserving vegetarian food and water in hot and dry climates. The refrigeration takes place by evaporation through the porous pot material. The present work includes experimental analysis of a clay pot in pot by varying height of water in the inner pot, by varying water level in the annulus of two pots and by subjecting the pot in pot refrigerator for free and forced convection. Results obtained from experimental analysis shows that Temperature T1 is highest when inner
pot is filled with 5.5litres of water and lowest when it is filled with 1.5 litres of water. Temperature T1 decreases by increasing water level in the annulus of two pots and rate of cooling is lowest when pot in pot refrigerator is subjected to free convection and highest when it is subjected to forced convection.
design and development of portable ripening chamberAjit Saruk
This document describes the design and development of a refrigerated fruit ripening chamber. It aims to minimize fruit waste that occurs due to improper ripening methods, exposure to sunlight, and loss of water from fruits. The design focuses on ripening bananas, which require temperatures of 15-18°C. The ripening chamber avoids water loss and minimizes weight loss, increasing the lifespan of bananas by 7-10 days. Key components of the design include a refrigeration system using R134a refrigerant, an evaporator coil, insulation, temperature controller, and controlled release of ethylene gas to stimulate ripening. The system is intended to allow retailers to directly source ripe bananas from farmers at a lower cost than traditional methods.
The document discusses how a refrigerator works through a refrigeration cycle process. It begins with refrigerant being compressed in the compressor and becoming a hot gas. This hot gas is then pushed into condenser coils where it exchanges heat with the incoming room air and becomes a liquid. The liquid refrigerant then cools down as it flows into evaporator coils inside the fridge where it absorbs heat, cooling the air. The refrigerant evaporates back into a gas and flows to the compressor to repeat the cycle, maintaining a constant cool temperature inside the refrigerator. The repeated refrigeration cycle uses changes in refrigerant state and pressure differences to transfer heat out of the refrigerator.
Experimental Investigation of a Household Refrigerator Using Evaporative-Cool...inventy
The objective of this paper was to investigate experimentally the effect of Evaporative-cooled condenser in a household refrigerator. The experiment was done using HCF134a as the refrigerant. The performance of the household refrigerator with air-cooled and Evaporative-cooled condenser was compared for different load conditions. The results indicate that the refrigerator performance had improved when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser on all load conditions. Evaporativecooled condenser reduced the energy consumption when compared with the air-cooled condenser. There was also an enhancement in coefficient of performance (COP) when evaporative-cooled condenser was used instead of air-cooled condenser. The Evaporative cooled heat exchanger was designed and the system was modified by retrofitting it, instead of the conventional air-cooled condenser by making drop wise condensation using water and forced circulation over the condenser. From the experimental analysis it is observed that the COP of evaporative cooled system increased by 13.44% compared to that of air cooled system. So the overall efficiency and refrigerating effect is increased. In minimum constructional, maintenance and running cost, the system is much useful for domestic purpose. This study also revealed that combining a evaporative cooled system along with conventional water cooled system under the condition that the defrost water obtained from the freezer is used for drop wise condensation over condenser and water cooled condensation of the condenser at the bottom using remaining defrost water would reduce the power consumption, work done and hence further increase in refrigerating effect of the system. The study has shown that such a system is technically feasible and economically viable
IRJET- Review on Comparative Analysis of COP of Vapour Compression Refrig...IRJET Journal
This document reviews the comparative analysis of the coefficient of performance (COP) of vapor compression refrigeration systems using different refrigerants. It analyzes the COP of systems using R134a, R407c, and R410a refrigerants. R134a is commonly used but harms the environment, while R407c and R410a are eco-friendly alternatives. The COP varies with evaporating temperature for each refrigerant. The document aims to determine the best refrigerant option based on performance and environmental impact. It provides background on vapor compression refrigeration systems and their basic components, including the compressor, condenser, expansion valve, and evaporator.
The document discusses refrigeration and refrigeration cycles. It provides details on:
1) The basic components and process of a refrigerator, which uses ammonia as a refrigerant to draw heat from the freezer and fridge compartments via a compression and evaporation cycle.
2) Refrigeration cycles in general work by using a refrigerant to move heat from one place to another through evaporation and condensation.
3) The vapor compression refrigeration cycle involves compressing, condensing, expanding, and evaporating stages to transfer heat from the evaporator to the condenser.
Mechanism of refrigerator asrafi tonmoy-diuAsrafi-Tonmoy
The document is a presentation slide about the mechanism of a refrigerator. It contains information on the main components of a refrigerator - compressor, condenser, evaporator, and throttling device. It explains how each component works and how they work together in the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. The cycle involves compressing a refrigerant into a high-pressure vapor, condensing it into a liquid in the condenser, thinning it through an expansion device to produce cold liquid, and evaporating it in the evaporator to absorb heat before repeating the cycle. The document also discusses accessories like fins and defrosting, and defines the coefficient of performance to evaluate refrigerator efficiency.
Performance Improvement of a Domestic Refrigerator Using Phase change Materia...IOSR Journals
This document summarizes a study that investigated using a phase change material (PCM) associated with the evaporator in a domestic refrigerator to improve its performance. Water was used as the PCM. Experimental results found that using PCM increased the refrigerator's coefficient of performance (COP) by an average of 18-26% compared to the conventional refrigerator without PCM. The PCM enhanced heat transfer from the evaporator to the refrigerant, improving the COP. Future work could explore different PCMs and their effects on refrigeration system performance.
The document discusses several projects related to self-heating and self-cooling packaging developed by Matthew Searle. It summarizes three key projects:
1) The Thermotic Can, a self-heating beverage container that could heat contents by 40°C in 3 minutes. It raised £6m in funding and had a successful test launch with Nestle.
2) Direct steam heating technology that uses steam to quickly heat food and beverages. Prototypes demonstrated heating items from 5°C to 70°C in 2-4 minutes.
3) The Chilly, a self-cooling water container developed for the US Navy that cools water progressively as it flows through without external
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Scienceinventy
esearch Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
This document provides an overview of freeze drying, including:
1) Freeze drying involves removing water from a frozen product through sublimation without passing through the liquid phase. This allows for stable products that do not require refrigeration.
2) The freeze drying process has three stages - prefreezing, primary drying where ice is removed through sublimation, and secondary drying to further reduce residual moisture.
3) Key factors that must be carefully controlled are product temperature, system pressure, and collector temperature to encourage sublimation and water vapor flow from the product. Maintaining the proper temperature balance is essential for a successful freeze drying process.
This document describes an air conditioning installation for rooms that comprises a fresh air receiver supplied with conditioned fresh air at pressure, expansion nozzles that expand the fresh air into a mixing chamber to mix with room air sucked in, and a heat exchanger to heat or cool the room air mixture before it flows into the room. The invention involves widening the free cross-section of the mixing chamber as the distance from the expansion nozzles increases, which improves the flow of room air through the heat exchanger and circulation of air in the room.
The document discusses refrigeration cycles and the ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle. It describes how refrigerators and heat pumps work and defines key concepts like the coefficient of performance and ton of refrigeration. The ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle is explained through T-s and P-h diagrams. Differences between ideal and actual vapor-compression cycles are also covered, including superheating and subcooling of the refrigerant.
This document summarizes a study on enhancing the coefficient of performance (COP) of a domestic refrigerator by recovering heat from its condenser unit. The researchers installed a thermosiphon heat recovery system to transfer heat from the refrigerator's condenser to a water tank. Experimental results showed that the modified refrigerator with the heat recovery unit achieved higher theoretical and actual COP compared to a conventional refrigerator with an air-cooled condenser. Over an 8 hour period, the heat recovery system was able to heat 100 liters of water in the tank to 60°C. Recovering waste heat from the condenser in this manner improves the refrigerator's energy efficiency while also providing hot water for household use.
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This document describes an apparatus for measuring high rotational speeds ranging from 2500 to 30000 RPM. The apparatus uses a cathode ray oscilloscope connected to an electromagnetic impulse generator attached to the rotating member. This causes the spot on the oscilloscope to move in a circular pattern proportional to the rotational speed. Timing circuits switch the spot on to create a short spiral trace indicating the broad speed range, then off. After a delay, the spot is switched on briefly to create a dot, indicating the precise speed within the range.
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This document describes improvements to teaching apparatus for elementary arithmetic instruction. The apparatus uses a rigid board with numerical scales and movable counters to teach counting and basic arithmetic operations. Key improvements include omitting or outlining numerical symbols on the scales so students fill them in as they move counters. Counters are also marked with arrows or other symbols to associate direction of movement with addition and subtraction. Having irregular edges on the board conveys the infinite nature of numbers to students.
This document summarizes a patent for an apparatus that stores digital data on a moving magnetic medium. It allows for simultaneously reading stored data from a cell on the magnetic medium and overriding it by writing new data to that same cell. This is accomplished by using timing impulses to select cells for reading and writing, with the reading gate impulse occurring just before the writing gate impulse. This provides time to determine what new data should be written based on the read data and other inputs. The document describes the technical details and diagrams of how this works.
This document provides a summary of GB780031 (A), which describes a process for manufacturing acid amide derivatives of azo-compounds. Specifically, it involves condensing an amine containing at least two reactive amino groups with a carboxylic acid halide from an azo compound, where the azo compound contains a carboxylic acid ester group next to the azo linkage. The starting materials used do not contain groups that impart water solubility. A variety of diamine and azo compounds are described that can be used in this process.
This document describes improvements to methods and apparatuses for filling large collapsible shipping containers. Specifically, it describes pressurizing the container before filling to expand it fully, then filling it while maintaining pressure. This ensures utilization of the container's full capacity. The document provides detailed descriptions and drawings of various apparatuses that can pressurize and fill the container through separate or same openings, including features like telescoping filling tubes and screw conveyors to direct filling material.
This document describes patent GB780026 (A) filed in 1957 regarding improvements to rotary pumps, compressors, and engines. It includes a rotor with blades that form conveyor chambers and an abutment slide that separates the suction and pressure sides. The blades curve forward in the direction of rotation to fully fill the chambers and prevent ejection of the medium. The abutment slide has a cylindrical packing part that follows the sharp blade tips for improved efficiency. The abutment slide is controlled via a crank to match the rotor profile for various applications including high speed operation.
This document describes GB780027 (A), which relates to a new group of compounds called 3-piperidyl ethers and thioethers. These compounds have desirable therapeutic properties, particularly oxytocic activity and selectivity of action upon the in situ uterus without undesirable side effects. The document provides the general chemical formula for these compounds and examples of their synthesis, including by reacting piperidinols with aralkyl halides. Therapeutic uses including preventing or treating postpartum hemorrhage are also described.
This document describes a 1957 British patent for an anti-skid control device for fluid pressure brakes used in aircraft. The device uses a rotary inertia element and valve system to sense wheel skidding and automatically reduce brake fluid pressure to prevent skidding, while maintaining braking force. It aims to maximize braking torque without skidding by varying the time to sense skid recovery based on wheel acceleration rates and controlling brake pressure buildup during recovery. The device was an improvement over prior anti-skid systems which would fully release the brakes until the wheel resumed non-slip speed, resulting in greater stopping distances.
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1. * GB780006 (A)
Description: GB780006 (A) ? 1957-07-31
Improvements relating to refrigerators
Description of GB780006 (A)
PATENT SPECIFICATION
Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Jan. 4, 1954.
780,006 No. 155/54.
Application made in United States of America on Jan. 5, 1953.
Complete Specification Published: July 31, 1957.
Index at acceptance:-Class 29, H(2A:2H:2X:8).
International Classification:-F25b, d.
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
Improvements relating to Refrigerators We, GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, a
Corporation of the State of New York, United States of America, having
its office at Schenectady 5, State of New York, United States of
America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a
patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be
performed, to be particularly described in and by the following
statement:-
This invention relates to refrigerators and more particularly to means
for maintaining a satisfactory degree of humidity in the food storage
compartments of refrigerators.
The formation of frost on the cooling unit in the food storage
compartment of a refrigerator is the result of condensation and
freezing of moisture in the air in the food storage compartment.
During this process of frost formation the cooling unit tends to
maintain in the food storage compartment a dew point near the surface
temperature of the cooling unit, resulting in low relative humidity in
the food storage compartment.
Under conditions of average door openings, 25however, sufficient moist
air is admitted into the food storage compartment for maintaining a
high relative humidity therein. Under conditions of infrequent door
openings little moist air is admitted into the food storage
compartment and the cooling unit succeeds in causing the dew point to
2. approach its surface temperature thereby causing low relative humidity
in the food storage compartment.
When this condition prevails in the food storage compartment there is
a tendency for the natural moisture to be extracted from food items
therein, resulting in drying out of such food items. In order to
minimise such drying out of food, it is essential that some means be
provided for maintaining a satisfactory degree of humidity in the food
storage compartment. Accordingly, an object of the invention is to
provide means including a receptacle of water for maintaining a
satisfactory degree of humidity in the food storage [Pri--compartment
of a refrigerator without causing odour problems.
A refrigerator in accordance with the invention comprises a food
storage compartment, a cooling unit and automatic defrosting 50 means,
a receptacle in said compartment adapted to contain a supply of water,
the receptacle being arranged for heating the water to effect
evaporation thereof for maintaining a satisfactory degree of humidity
in 55 the food storage compartment, means for periodically refilling
the receptacle comprising means for directing defrost water from the
cooling unit into the receptacle, the receptacle being of less
capacity than the 60 amount of water resulting from defrosting of the
cooling unit whereby said receptacle is filled to overflowing by
defrost water each time the automatic defrosting means is effective,
and a drain member associated with an 65 overflow lip on the
receptacle for conducting the overflow water from said food storage
compartment.
In one form of the invention the receptacle contains a heating element
adapted to 70 be energised for evaporating the water in the receptacle
in response to conditions within the food storage compartment. In
another form, the receptacle rests on the bottom of the food storage
compartment just over a 75 machinery compartment housing a
refrigerating unit, and heat leakage into the food storage compartment
from the refrigerating unit effects evaporation of the water supply.
In still another form, a heat path is provided 80 between the
receptacle and the outer case of the refrigerator and room heat is
thereby utilised for evaporating the water supply.
The invention will be further described with reference to the
accompanying drawing 85 in which: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a
refrigerator partly broken away to illustrate certain features of the
preferred embodiment of the invention; 90 780,006 Fig. 2 is an
enlarged fragmentary sectional view illustrating details of the
preferred embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic
showing of an arrangement for controlling a heating element; Fig. 4 is
a diagrammatic showing of another arrangement for controlling the
heating element; Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic showing of still another
3. arrangement for controlling the heating element; Fig. 6 is a side
elevation of the refrigerator partly broken away to illustrate a
second embodiment of the invention; and Fig. 7 is an enlarged
fragmentary sectional view illustrating a third embodiment of our
invention.
Referring to the drawing, there is shown in Fig. 1 a refrigerator
generally designated 1.
The refrigerator 1 comprises an outer case 2 and a liner 3. The space
between the outer case and liner is filled with suitable insulation
and the liner 3 defines a food storage com25partment 4. Additionally,
a heat insulating breaker strip 5 closes a space between the edges of
the outer case 2 and the liner 5 at an access opening to the food
storage compartment 4. Provided for closing the access opening is a
door 6 supported on the outer case 2 by a pair of hinges 7. Arranged
in the upper portion of the food storage compartment 4 for cooling the
air therein is a cooling unit or evaporator 8. Located beneath the the
food storage compartment 4 is a machinery compartment shown in outline
and generally designated 9. Housed in the machinery compartment 9 and
also show in outline is a refrigerating unit 10 adapted when energised
to supply refrigerant to the cooling unit.
During normal operation of the refrigerator 1, moisture in the air in
the food storage compartment 4 tends to condense and freeze 45on the
cooling unit 8. Periodically and automatically defrosting means such
as a sheath heating element, shown in outline in Fig. 1 and designated
11, is effective for heating the cooling unit 8 and thereby melt50ing
the frost therefrom. It is to be understood, of course, that means
other than the heating element 11 could be utilised for defrosting the
cooling unit 8. For instance, the refrigerating system employed in the
refrigerator 1 could be of the reverse cycle type and defrosting could
be effected by periodically directing warm refrigerant to the cooling
unit. Usually the defrost moisture or water resulting from a
defrosting operation is conducted directly to a receptacle in the
refrigerator or to the exterior of the refrigerator for disposal.
However, in a manner which will be described in detail hereinafter,
the invention contemplates employment of the defrost moisture in
maintaining a satisfactory degree of humidity in the food storage
compartment 4.
Under conditions of average door openings and average humidity in the
room containing the refrigerator 1, relatively moist air is 70
admitted into the food storage compartment 4. This moist air causes
water to condense in the food storage compartment 4. During periods
when the door 6 is closed this water evaporates and recondenses on the
cooling 75 unit 8. So long as moist air is admitted into the food
storage compartment 4 and so long as the just-mentioned water
4. evaporation and recondensation take place, free moisture exists and,
therefore. a high relative humidity 80 is maintained in the food
storage compartment. As a result, the natural moisture of food items
in the food storage compartment 4 is not extracted from such food
items.
Under conditions of infrequent door openings and less than average
room humidity, hoGwever, the amount of moist air admitted into the
food storage compartment 4 is insufficient for maintaining a high
relative humidity and, therefore, the food items in 90 the food
storage compartment tend to be dried out by extraction of moisture
therefrom.
In order to minimise the drying out of food items stored in the food
storage compartment 95 4, there is provided a humidifier for
maintaining a degree of humidity in the food storage compartment at
which the food items stored in the food storage compartment retain
their natural moisture. 100 The preferred embodiment of the invention
is illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2. This form comprises a receptacle or
tray 12 containing a supply of moisture or water indicated by 13.
The receptacle 12 further contains a sheathed 105 heating element 14.
Current is supplied to the heating element 14 through an electrical
plug 15 protruding from one side 'of the receptacle 12 and received by
an electrical socket 16 suitably mounted on a side wall of 110 the
liner 3. -This connection renders the receptacle 12 removable for
cleaning and provides support for one end of the receptacle.
The other end of the receptacle may be supported by one or more hooks
17 adapted for 115 engaging a rack or shelf 18 suitably supported in
the food storage compartment 4.
The heating element 14 is submerged in the water supply 13 and is
adapted for being energised and heating the water thereby to 120
effect evaporation of the water to increase the humidity in the food
storage compartment 4. In order to provide a satisfactory degree of
humidity in the food storage compartment, we provide means for
energising 125 the heating element 14 in response to conditions in the
food storage compartment. In Fig. 3 is illustrated a circuit 19 in
which the heating element 14 is controlled in response to either the
temperature of air or humidity 130 780,006 in the food storage
compartment 4. A comnponent 20, included in the circuit 19, may be
either a thermostat or a humidistat adapted for being located in the
food storage compartment 4. Any suitable thermostat or humidistat is
employable in this arrangement and since these devices are well known
in the art, they are not herein described or shown in detail. When the
component 20 of Fig.
3 is a theromstat, the temperature of the air in the food storage
compartment 4 controls the heating element 14. With this arrangement,
5. when the temperature of the air in the food storage compartment
approaches a predetermined minimum, at which it is likely that
substantially all of the moisture in the air in the compartment would
be condensed and frozen on the cooling unit 8, the thermostat
completes a circuit through the heating element 14. Thus, the supply
of water 13 in the receptacle 12 is heated and a portion thereof is
evaporated for increasing the humidity in the food storage compartment
4. The thermostat is adapted for de-energising the heating element 14
when the air in the food storage compartment attains a predetermined
maximum. This predetermined maximum is preferably approximately 40'F.
since this temperature is usually attained by the air in the food
storage compartment through door openings which also admit moisture
into the compartment. Thus, electrical current is conserved since a
satisfactory degree of humidity is arrived at through door openings
and the evaporation of the water supply 13 by energisation of the
heating element 14 is not required.
When the component 20 of Fig. 3 is a humidistat, the humidity in the
food storage compartment 4 controls the heating element 14. In such an
arrangement, when the degree of humidity in the food storage
compartment 4 approaches a predetermined minimum, the thermostat
completes a circuit through the heating element 14. Thus, the supply
of water 13 is heated and a portion thereof is evaporated from the
receptacle 12 for increasing the humidity in the food storage
compartment. Subsequently, when s0 the degree of humidity in the food
storage compartment is increased to a predetermined maximum or a
satisfactory degree the humidistat de-energises the heating element
14.
It is to be understood, of course, that if the s humidity in the
compartment stands at or above the satisfactory degree due to door
openings, evaporation of water from the receptacle 12 will not be
required and the humidistat will prevent energisation of the heating
element 14.
As seen in Fig. 1, a butter conditioner indicated by 21 is provided in
the door 6 of the -refrigerator 1. In Fig. 4 is illustrated a circuit
22 whereby both the butter conditioner 21 and the heating element 14
in the receptacle 12 may be controlled. The circuit 22 includes the
heating element 14, a thermostat 23 and another heating element 24.
The thermostat 23 and the heating element 24 are located in the butter
conditioner 21. The 70 butter, or any other food item that may be
stored in the butter conditioner 21, is cooled by air entering the
butter conditioner from the food storage compartment 4. When the air
entering the butter conditioner 21 75 decreases to a predetermined
minimum temperature, the thermostat 23 completes the circuit 22 for
energising the heating element 24. Thus, the air in the butter
6. conditioner 21 is heated for maintaining the butter at a 80
consistency suitable for easy spreading.
When the air in the butter conditioner 21 attains the just-mentioned
predetermined minimum temperature, the air in the food storage
compartment 4 will have attained a 85 lower predetermined minimum
temperature.
This low temperature is usually associated with few door openings.
Therefore, there is a tendency for moisture to be extracted from the
food items stored in the food storage 90 compartment. Completion of
the circuit 22 by the thermostat 23, however, in addition to
energising the heating element 24 to heat the air in the butter
conditioner 21, is effective for also energising the heating element
14 95 thereby to evaporate some of the water supply 13 for increasing
the humidity in the food storage compartment.
Upon subsequent door openings, warm and moist air is admitted into the
food storage 100 compartment 4. This air enters the butter conditioner
21 and causes the thermostat 23 to open the circuit 22. Thus, the
heating element 24 is de-energised since it is no longer needed for
raising the temperature of 105 the air in the butter conditioner 21.
Additionally, the heating element 14 is de-energised since, due to the
moisture admitted into the food storage compartment 14 by the door
openings, it is no longer needed for evaporating the water supply 13.
In Fig. 5 is illustrated another circuit 25 adapted for effecting
evaporation of the water supply 13 from the receptacle 12 during
infrequent door openings when an increase 115.
in the degree of moisture in the food storage compartment 4 is desired
and for de-energising the heating element 14 as door openings increase
and moisture is admitted to the food storage compartment. The circuit
25 120 includes the refrigerating unit 10 and a temperature responsive
control generally designated 26. The control 26 includes a bellows 27,
a volatile fluid contained in a bulb 28 adapted for being placed in
heat exchange 125 relationship with the cooling unit 8, a tube 29
connecting the bulb 28 and the bellows 27, and a contact member 30
adapted for being actuated by the bellows 27. The contact member 30
controls a pair of contacts 31 be780,006 tween the refrigerating unit
10 and a source of power. At a predetermined high tem.
perature of the cooling unit 8, as effected b3 frequent door openings,
the volatile fluid ir 5the bulb 28 effects expansion of the bellows 27
whereby the contact element 30 is actuated for closing the contacts
31. Thus, a circuit is completed through the refrigerating unit 1C for
energising the refrigerating unit to supply refrigerant to the cooling
unit 8 for decreasing the temperature thereof. The contact member 30
also controls a pair of contacts 32 in a circuit including the heating
element 14. When the contacts 31 are closed and the 15refrigerating
7. unit is energised, the contacts 32 are open and the heating element 14
is de-energised, this being a desirable operation due to the high
probability that frequent door openings which cause energisation of
the 20refrigerating unit will also admit sufficient moisture into the
food storage compartment for maintaining a satisfactory degree of
humidity therein. Subsequently, when energisation of the refrigerating
unit 10 and infrequent door openings cause the cooling unit 8 to
attain a predetermined low temperature, the volatile fluid in the bulb
28 effects contraction of the bellows 27 and the contact member 30
opens the contacts 31 and closes the contacts 32, in the manner shown
in Fig.
5. Thus, the refrigerating unit 10 is de-energised and the heating
element 14 is energised forincreasing the humidityin the food storage
compartment 4. This is a desirable operation also since that time when
the refrigerating unit is de-energised is the time when a low degree
of humidity is most likely to be encountered in the food storage
compartment.
When door openings are more frequent, the 40refrigerating unit
operates a greater portion of the time. Also, humidity in the food
storage compartment is likely to be high when door openings are
frequent. By the invention this is automatically taken account of in
the control of the heater since this is energised a smaller portion of
the time under these conditions.
In order to avoid odour problems, means are provided preventing
stagnation of water in the receptacle 12. This is accomplished by
periodically refilling the receptacle 12 to overflowing whereby matter
at the surface of the supply of water 13, which usually causes odours,
is periodically washed from the receptacle. To facilitate this
periodic overflowing of the receptacle 12 and disposal of the overflow
water, the receptacle is provided with an overflow lip 33 at one end
thereof.
Associated with the lip 33 for receiving over60flow water therefrom is
a drain member 34.
The drain member 34 may conduct the overflow water to either a sevwage
connection beneath the refrigerator or to automatic disposal means in
the machinery compartment 9 of the refrigerator.
The periodic refilling of the receptacle 12 is accomplished by
utilising the water resulty ing from defrosting of the cooling unit 8;
for this purpose a drain pain 35 is supported s just beneath the
cooling unit 8 and inclined 70 downwardly toward the back wall of the
s liner 3. The drain pan 35 catches and directs ) water resulting 7rom
defrosting of the cooling unit 8 toward the back wall of the liner.
Supported on the back wall of the liner bet neath the rear edge of the
drain pan 35 for catching the defrost moisture is an inclined trough
8. 36. The trough 36 directs the water to the upper end of another
inclined trough 37 suitably secured to the side wall of the80 liner 3.
The trough 37 directs the water into the receptacle 12. The capacity
of the receptacle 12 is less than the amount of water normally
resulting from a defrosting operation. As a result, each defrosting
operation 85 results in refilling of the receptacle 12 to overflowing.
Thus, the water supply 13 is replenished and stagnation)f water in the
receptacle 12 is avoided.
In Fig. 6 is shown a second embodiment of 90 the invention in which
heat emanating from the refrigerating unit 10 in the machinery
compartment 9 of the refrigerator 1 is utilised for increasing the
humidity in the food storage compartment 4. In this form, water 95
resulting from defrosting of the cooling unit 8 is conducted by an
inclined drain pan 38 to the back wall of the liner 3. The water runs
down the back wall of the liner 3 and is directed by a chute member 39
into a receptacle 40 resting on the bottom of the food storage
compartment 4. Thlus, the receptacle is provided with a supply of
water indicated by 41. Thus, the receptacle 40 is provided with a
supply of water indicated by 41. 105 The receptacle 40 is also
provided with an overflow lip 42 associated with a drain member 43 for
directing overflow water into the machinery compartment 9 for
disposal. The receptacle 40 is similar to the receptacle 12 110
described above in that it. too, is of less capacity than the amount
of water normally resulting from each defrosting operation of the
cooling unit 8. Consequently, each defrosting operation results in a
replenishment 115 of the water supply 41 and overflowing of the
receptacle 40 for preventing stagnation of water therein. In this form
of the invention the receptacle 40, in resting on the bottom of the
food storage compartment 4, is disposed 120 directly over the
refrigerating unit 10 located in the machinery compartment 9 beneath
the food storage compartment. The water supply 41 is heated by the
heat emanating from the refrigerating unit 9 and leaking into the food
125 storage compartment 4 through the bottom thereof. Thus, the
receptacle is arranged so that the water supply 41 is heated for
effecting evaporation of a portion thereof into the food storage
compartment 4 for maintaining 130 780,006 a satisfactory degree of
humidity therein.
In Fig. 7 is illustrated a third embodiment of the invention in which
heat from the air in the room containing the refrigerator 1 is
utilised for increasing the humidity in the food storage compartment 4
of the refrigerator. Fig. 7 shows in detail the construction of the
refrigerator cabinet at the access opening to the food storage
compartment 4. The heat insulating breaker strip 5, as pointed out
above, closes the space between the edges of the outer case 2 and the
9. liner 3. Additionally, the breaker strip 5 minimises heat transfer
from the outer case 2, which is formed of a high heat conductive
material and, therefore, is warmed by room air, to the cooler liner 3.
Passing through the breaker strip 5 and thereby insulated from the
liner 3 is an element or strap 44 formed of aluminium or any other
high heat conductive material. One end of the strap 44 is secured, as
by welding, to the outer case 2. The other end of the strap 44 is
disposed in the food storage compartment 4 and is similarly secured to
a receptacle 45 also formed of a high heat conductive material such as
aluminium. In this arrangement, the strap 44 provides a heat path from
the outer case warmed by room air to the relatively cooler receptacle
45. In this manner the receptacle 45 and a supply of water contained
therein and indicated by 46 is heated for effecting evaporation of a
portion of the water thereby to increase the humidity in the food
storage compartment 4.
Thus, room heat is utilised in maintaining a satisfactory degree of
humidity in the food storage compartment. In a manner similar to that
shown in either Fig. 1 or Fig. 6, periodic defrosting of the cooling
unit 8 is employed for replenishing the water supply 46 and for
preventing stagnation of water in the receptacle 45 of the present
form of the invention.
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* 5.8.23.4; 93p