6G networks will focus on providing connectivity to a wide variety of heterogeneous devices, not just smartphones. 6G networks will be more intelligent than 5G networks, with network elements having their own processing power to handle a subset of data natively using AI/ML. 6G is expected to deliver data rates hundreds of times greater than 5G and provide capabilities like true hologram displays. Countries like South Korea, China, Finland, and US organizations have already started research on 6G technologies targeting frequencies from 95GHz to 3THz and beyond.
See the driving force and challenge of 6G in 7 major dimensions - C&T RF Ante...Antenna Manufacturer Coco
As 5G gradually enters thousands of households and becomes a global standard technology, researchers must concentrate on developing the next generation communication technology, the sixth generation communication technology 6G. According to historical experience, wireless communication technology is almost an upgrade every ten years. So the researchers believe that 6G technology will be available around 2030.
A Survey on new generation of wireless networksEditor IJMTER
If you think that 4G and LTE is the best thing and it's in the process of solving every
communication needs we have today, think again! Yes, LTE is good, but it can be a lot better. In fact,
get ready for this: the wireless industry is already starting to think 5G (5th generation) wireless
technology.
Wireless communication technology takes a leap about every ten years, and every generation has fundamentally changed the world. For the next-generation 5G communications technology, the industry's more consistent goal is to achieve commercial deployment in 2020. In 2015, the global development of 5G technology entered a crucial period for technical R&D and standardization preparation. It has completed the key content of the 5th generation of mobile communication naming, vision, and timetable, and initiated the 5G standard before this year. Compared to previous generations of networks, 5G will play a bigger role - create a connection framework for everything.
5G Mobile Wireless network system yield new challenges. In future the demand that need to be addressed are capacity, increase data rate and reduce latency. This paper focus on latest technologies used in wireless mobile communication network. In this, some emerging technologies use like device-to-device Communication (D2D), Interference Management, Spectrum sharing with cognitive radio, network cloud and Internet of Things (IoT), Massive MIMO. The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure and network cloud describing the access of networking resources from a centralized third-party provider. Kiran Likhar | Shraddha Karale | Rashmi Bhat"Challenges and Emerging Technology in 5G" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10778.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/10778/challenges-and-emerging-technology-in-5g/kiran-likhar
See the driving force and challenge of 6G in 7 major dimensions - C&T RF Ante...Antenna Manufacturer Coco
As 5G gradually enters thousands of households and becomes a global standard technology, researchers must concentrate on developing the next generation communication technology, the sixth generation communication technology 6G. According to historical experience, wireless communication technology is almost an upgrade every ten years. So the researchers believe that 6G technology will be available around 2030.
A Survey on new generation of wireless networksEditor IJMTER
If you think that 4G and LTE is the best thing and it's in the process of solving every
communication needs we have today, think again! Yes, LTE is good, but it can be a lot better. In fact,
get ready for this: the wireless industry is already starting to think 5G (5th generation) wireless
technology.
Wireless communication technology takes a leap about every ten years, and every generation has fundamentally changed the world. For the next-generation 5G communications technology, the industry's more consistent goal is to achieve commercial deployment in 2020. In 2015, the global development of 5G technology entered a crucial period for technical R&D and standardization preparation. It has completed the key content of the 5th generation of mobile communication naming, vision, and timetable, and initiated the 5G standard before this year. Compared to previous generations of networks, 5G will play a bigger role - create a connection framework for everything.
5G Mobile Wireless network system yield new challenges. In future the demand that need to be addressed are capacity, increase data rate and reduce latency. This paper focus on latest technologies used in wireless mobile communication network. In this, some emerging technologies use like device-to-device Communication (D2D), Interference Management, Spectrum sharing with cognitive radio, network cloud and Internet of Things (IoT), Massive MIMO. The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructure and network cloud describing the access of networking resources from a centralized third-party provider. Kiran Likhar | Shraddha Karale | Rashmi Bhat"Challenges and Emerging Technology in 5G" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-3 , April 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd10778.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/10778/challenges-and-emerging-technology-in-5g/kiran-likhar
Migration from 4G to 5G: A Complete synopsis guide on 4G to 5G migration.Utkarsh Jaiswal
Migration from 4G to 5G: A Complete synopsis guide on 4G to 5G migration. This guide has step by step process to build your synopsis on 4G to 5G migration
The Future of 6G Wireless Networks Opportunities, Requirements, and Challenge...ijtsrd
The evolution of wireless communication has led to the rapid advancement of generations of networks, from 1G to the current 5G standard. As society becomes more interconnected and reliant on wireless technologies, the demand for faster, more reliable, and versatile networks continues to grow. This paper explores the potential landscape of 6G wireless networks, delving into the opportunities they present, the essential requirements they must fulfil, and the significant challenges they must overcome. Drawing insights from current technological trends and projecting into the future, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of what the next generation of wireless networks might require. 6G will human interaction of DARQ. Manish Verma "The Future of 6G Wireless Networks: Opportunities, Requirements, and Challenges: A ChatGPT Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60072.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/60072/the-future-of-6g-wireless-networks-opportunities-requirements-and-challenges-a-chatgpt-analysis/manish-verma
Advantages
Going to far away planets.
Going far down into the unknown waters and mines.
Giving us information that humans can’t get.
Working at places 24/7 without salary and food.
They don’t get bored.
They can perform tasks fasters than humans and much more consistently and accurately.
Disadvantages
People can lose jobs in factories.
It need supply of power
It need maintenance to keep it running
It is more money to make or buy a robots
#r
Digital Nasional Berhad (DNB) has been established to accelerate the availability and adoption of 5G to support the transformation of Malaysia. The rollout of the 5G network has kicked off with the provision of 5G coverage in the Malaysian capital. This 5G network, will empower Malaysians to embrace the new digital economy.
Source: https://www.digital-nasional.com.my/white-papers
What Makes 5G Network Different - Digital Nasional BerhadDigitalNational
5G network is here and set to change our world for the better. It is true that 5G represents the fifth generation of mobile networks, but it is so much more than just another ‘G’. Read more
This e Book highlights perspectives on the new 5G technology , use cases , business models and its revolutionary impact on Telecom industry and society at large.
The battle for the spectrum may also extend to the more distant 6G construction. While spectrum sharing really comes to reality from the technical blueprint, the support of the AI industry is indispensable.
State-of-the-Art Strategies and Research Challenges In Wireless Communication...ijwmn
The upcoming 6G communication network will revolutionize the scenario of customer services and related applications by building smart, autonomous systems. We first discuss here about 6G enabled smart applications like healthcare, smart city building, industrial IoTs, etc. We next provide a brief survey of the enabling technologies for achieving the required goals of 6G, such as terahertz communication, cell-free communication, holographic communication using beamforming, wireless power transfer, ultra-low latency communication, etc., with a view to tackle very large amounts of data traffic from several billions of smart interconnected devices while supporting ultra-low end-to-end communication latency. Finally, we present various research challenges involved in 6G communication towards building such smart systems.
State-of-the-Art Strategies and Research Challenges In Wireless Communication...ijwmn
The upcoming 6G communication network will revolutionize the scenario of customer services and related applications by building smart, autonomous
systems. We first discuss here about 6G enabled smart applications like healthcare, smart city building, industrial IoTs, etc. We next provide a brief survey of
the enabling technologies for achieving the required goals of 6G, such as terahertz
communication, cell-free communication, holographic communication using beamforming, wireless power transfer, ultra-low latency communication, etc., with a view
to tackle very large amounts of data traffic from several billions of smart interconnected devices while supporting ultra-low end-to-end communication latency. Finally, we present various research challenges involved in 6G communication towards
building such smart systems.
Customer needs more from the innovation. The innovation which are use resemble TV, Clothes washer, cooler, Mobile Phones. The most needed element of web is acceptable execution and quicker access. The Cellular Subscriber pay extra for the moment include and the entrance of web on their telephones. To help such ground breaking framework we need fast remote network. A remote innovation is bow quick nowadays. An as of late wired system was expected to get on the web. These days, Mobile systems are progressed in last four decades. The cell idea which was present with 1G where G represents age organize. It has increments quicker from age to age, which are 1G,2G,3G, lastly come to 4G. Pradnya Pramod Mohite "5G System-Trends & Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30411.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/30411/5g-systemtrends-and-development/pradnya-pramod-mohite
5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.
This presentation will enlighten upcoming 5g technology.
covers about history and upcoming future of 5G technology. Describes its uses and impacts on society.
Migration from 4G to 5G: A Complete synopsis guide on 4G to 5G migration.Utkarsh Jaiswal
Migration from 4G to 5G: A Complete synopsis guide on 4G to 5G migration. This guide has step by step process to build your synopsis on 4G to 5G migration
The Future of 6G Wireless Networks Opportunities, Requirements, and Challenge...ijtsrd
The evolution of wireless communication has led to the rapid advancement of generations of networks, from 1G to the current 5G standard. As society becomes more interconnected and reliant on wireless technologies, the demand for faster, more reliable, and versatile networks continues to grow. This paper explores the potential landscape of 6G wireless networks, delving into the opportunities they present, the essential requirements they must fulfil, and the significant challenges they must overcome. Drawing insights from current technological trends and projecting into the future, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of what the next generation of wireless networks might require. 6G will human interaction of DARQ. Manish Verma "The Future of 6G Wireless Networks: Opportunities, Requirements, and Challenges: A ChatGPT Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-5 , October 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60072.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/60072/the-future-of-6g-wireless-networks-opportunities-requirements-and-challenges-a-chatgpt-analysis/manish-verma
Advantages
Going to far away planets.
Going far down into the unknown waters and mines.
Giving us information that humans can’t get.
Working at places 24/7 without salary and food.
They don’t get bored.
They can perform tasks fasters than humans and much more consistently and accurately.
Disadvantages
People can lose jobs in factories.
It need supply of power
It need maintenance to keep it running
It is more money to make or buy a robots
#r
Digital Nasional Berhad (DNB) has been established to accelerate the availability and adoption of 5G to support the transformation of Malaysia. The rollout of the 5G network has kicked off with the provision of 5G coverage in the Malaysian capital. This 5G network, will empower Malaysians to embrace the new digital economy.
Source: https://www.digital-nasional.com.my/white-papers
What Makes 5G Network Different - Digital Nasional BerhadDigitalNational
5G network is here and set to change our world for the better. It is true that 5G represents the fifth generation of mobile networks, but it is so much more than just another ‘G’. Read more
This e Book highlights perspectives on the new 5G technology , use cases , business models and its revolutionary impact on Telecom industry and society at large.
The battle for the spectrum may also extend to the more distant 6G construction. While spectrum sharing really comes to reality from the technical blueprint, the support of the AI industry is indispensable.
State-of-the-Art Strategies and Research Challenges In Wireless Communication...ijwmn
The upcoming 6G communication network will revolutionize the scenario of customer services and related applications by building smart, autonomous systems. We first discuss here about 6G enabled smart applications like healthcare, smart city building, industrial IoTs, etc. We next provide a brief survey of the enabling technologies for achieving the required goals of 6G, such as terahertz communication, cell-free communication, holographic communication using beamforming, wireless power transfer, ultra-low latency communication, etc., with a view to tackle very large amounts of data traffic from several billions of smart interconnected devices while supporting ultra-low end-to-end communication latency. Finally, we present various research challenges involved in 6G communication towards building such smart systems.
State-of-the-Art Strategies and Research Challenges In Wireless Communication...ijwmn
The upcoming 6G communication network will revolutionize the scenario of customer services and related applications by building smart, autonomous
systems. We first discuss here about 6G enabled smart applications like healthcare, smart city building, industrial IoTs, etc. We next provide a brief survey of
the enabling technologies for achieving the required goals of 6G, such as terahertz
communication, cell-free communication, holographic communication using beamforming, wireless power transfer, ultra-low latency communication, etc., with a view
to tackle very large amounts of data traffic from several billions of smart interconnected devices while supporting ultra-low end-to-end communication latency. Finally, we present various research challenges involved in 6G communication towards
building such smart systems.
Customer needs more from the innovation. The innovation which are use resemble TV, Clothes washer, cooler, Mobile Phones. The most needed element of web is acceptable execution and quicker access. The Cellular Subscriber pay extra for the moment include and the entrance of web on their telephones. To help such ground breaking framework we need fast remote network. A remote innovation is bow quick nowadays. An as of late wired system was expected to get on the web. These days, Mobile systems are progressed in last four decades. The cell idea which was present with 1G where G represents age organize. It has increments quicker from age to age, which are 1G,2G,3G, lastly come to 4G. Pradnya Pramod Mohite "5G System-Trends & Development" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30411.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/30411/5g-systemtrends-and-development/pradnya-pramod-mohite
5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices.
This presentation will enlighten upcoming 5g technology.
covers about history and upcoming future of 5G technology. Describes its uses and impacts on society.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
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2. 6G: The Next Horizon
From Connected People and Things to
Connected Intelligence
• Extended reality (XR) cloud services together with haptic
feedback and holographic display are likely to become
mainstream human-centric applications.
• The exponential increase in the traffic demand per device,
together with strict latency and reliability requirements, will
become a major challenge for 6G network design
3. 6G: The Next Horizon
• For 6G, end-to-end (E2E) mobile communications systems
will be designed with optimal support for AI and ML.
• The 6G network architecture will bring "Networked AI", moving
away from today's centralized "Cloud AI“
• 6G will use not only the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum,
but also the THz or even visible light spectrum, potentially
using the entire spectrum for the first time in order to deliver
ultimate extreme connectivity
4. 6G: The Next Horizon
• 6G will integrate terrestrial networks and non-terrestrial
networks (NTNs) to deliver complete coverage worldwide,
connecting the unconnected
• With advances in high-resolution rendering and
wearable/flexible displays, devices will be able to render
media for 3D hologram displays. A Hologram is a next
generation media technology that can present gestures and
facial expressions by means of a holographic display.
5. 6G: The Next Horizon
• To provide hologram display as a part of real-time services,
extremely high data rate transmission, hundreds of times
greater than the current 5G system, will be essential.
• A hologram display over a mobile device (one micrometer
pixel size on a 6.7-inch display, i.e., 11.1 Giga pixel) form-
factor requires at least 0.58 Tbps. Moreover, support of a
human-sized hologram requires significantly a large number
of pixels (e.g., requiring several Tbps). The peak data rate of
5G is 20 Gbps. 5G cannot possibly support such an extremely
large volume of data as required for hologram media in real-
time.
6. 6G: The Next Horizon
• With the help of advanced sensors, AI, and communication
technologies, it will be possible to replicate physical entities,
including people, devices, objects, systems, and even places, in
a virtual world. This digital replica of a physical entity is called a
digital twin.
• A user’s interaction with a digital twin can result in actions in the
physical world.
• Again, to duplicate a 1 m x 1 m area, we need a Tera-pixel,
which requires 0.8 Tbps throughput assuming periodic
synchronization of 100 ms and a compression ratio of 1/300.
9. Telecommunications Standards
Development Society, India
TSDSI began deliberations in this area through an introductory
workshop on “Telecom Technologies for the next Decade” on
29th January 2020. A Technical Report on “6G:Use cases,
Requirements and Enabling Technologies TSDSI TR 6017
V1.0.0
(https://members.tsdsi.in/s/AGsLX77GtkMx9Y4) has been
published by the Networks Study Group of TSDSI.
10. Telecommunications Standards
Development Society, India
TSDSI has adopted a two-pronged strategy for its “6G”
journey:
• Steer research in India to serve its 6G goals
• Continue engagement with global standard bodies for
harmonization of efforts including ITU WP 5D.
29. 6G in Nutshell
• 6G is expected to focus and provide network access to a
variety of heterogeneous devices with smart phone being one
of the supported device types.
• From a network perspective, B2B business model is expected
to emerge as the primary model unlike 5G which is still largely
based on B2C model
• Moreover, the network will not be pure data pipe, rather it will
have its own intelligence and processing power to process a
subset of the data enabled by native AI/ML support in the
networks.
30. Organisations started early
development
• South Korea Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute: As might be
expected, South Korea is well ahead and this institute is conducting research on Terahertz band
technology for 6G. They are hoping to make 6G 100 times faster than 4G LTE and 5 times faster
than 5G networks.
• The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, MIIT, China: With China investing
large amounts into technology, they are keen to gain a lead in 6G. Accordingly MIIT is directly
investing and monitoring the research and development process.
• The University of Oulu, Finland: This university has started a 6G research initiative known as
6Genesis. The project is expected to run for at least eight years and it will develop ideas that will
be suitable for 6G technology almost to 2040.
• USA initiatives: The USA is planning to open up 6G frequency spectrum at frequencies at
frequencies between 95 GHz and 3 THz for early research and development, although this will
require approval from the Federal Communications Commission FCC for frequencies over 95
gigahertz GHz to 3 THz.
31. Some links for further reading
• https://www.ericsson.com/en/reports-and-papers/white-
papers/a-research-outlook-towards-6g
• https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/6G
• https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11432-020-2955-6
• https://www.3g4g.co.uk/6G/6GTraining/6G_Introduction_Traini
ng_Combined_v01.pdf