Fluke Corporation: Gas Custody Transfer CalibrationTranscat
This presentation covers the information about test tools that technicians and measurement managers need to consider in order to successfully calibrate differential pressure gas custody transfer meters. Specific topics include:
• Why Calibration Matters in Custody Transfer
• Differential Pressure (D/P) vs. Ultrasonic
• Test Tools Considerations
• Pressure Calibration Test Tools
• Temperature Calibration Test Tools
• % Full Scale vs. % Reading + Floor
• Curriculum Topics
• UUT Considerations
• High Pressure Test Considerations
• Process Overview
Joel Hartel works with the Oil and Gas Applications Team at the Fluke Corporation. He has been at Fluke for 5 years, working in both operations and sales / marketing roles, in North America and Emerging Markets. Prior joining Fluke, Joel was in the Navy, serving in nuclear submarines.
Overview of Badger Meter's Flo-tech range of hydraulic turbine flow meters. Flo-tech products are used in hydraulic testing and analysis and on equipment in a variety of industries, including; agriculture, automotive, construction, forestry, marine and mining.
Cox Precision metering products by Badger Meter provide flow measurement solutions for the test and measurement market and precision industrial applications.
Instrumentation and process control fundamentalshossam hassanein
Basic course covers:
-Basic understanding of process control
-Important process control terminology
-Major components of a process loop
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Fluke Corporation: Gas Custody Transfer CalibrationTranscat
This presentation covers the information about test tools that technicians and measurement managers need to consider in order to successfully calibrate differential pressure gas custody transfer meters. Specific topics include:
• Why Calibration Matters in Custody Transfer
• Differential Pressure (D/P) vs. Ultrasonic
• Test Tools Considerations
• Pressure Calibration Test Tools
• Temperature Calibration Test Tools
• % Full Scale vs. % Reading + Floor
• Curriculum Topics
• UUT Considerations
• High Pressure Test Considerations
• Process Overview
Joel Hartel works with the Oil and Gas Applications Team at the Fluke Corporation. He has been at Fluke for 5 years, working in both operations and sales / marketing roles, in North America and Emerging Markets. Prior joining Fluke, Joel was in the Navy, serving in nuclear submarines.
Overview of Badger Meter's Flo-tech range of hydraulic turbine flow meters. Flo-tech products are used in hydraulic testing and analysis and on equipment in a variety of industries, including; agriculture, automotive, construction, forestry, marine and mining.
Cox Precision metering products by Badger Meter provide flow measurement solutions for the test and measurement market and precision industrial applications.
Instrumentation and process control fundamentalshossam hassanein
Basic course covers:
-Basic understanding of process control
-Important process control terminology
-Major components of a process loop
-Instrumentation P&ID symbols
Insertion turbine flow meters measure flow of liquid, gas, and
steam by detecting the frequency of rotation of the turbine blades. The frequency of turbine rotation is directly proportional to the flow velocity. Insertion turbine flow meters measure flow by detecting the local velocity within the pipe. The fluid velocity is combined with other parameters to calculate the average pipe velocity and volumetric flow rate.
The main purpose of HVAC is to provide the people working inside the building with “CONDITIONED AIR” so that they will have a comfortable and safe work environment.
A BMS system collects the operating information required for intelligent building management.
It analyses the operation of the building systems by viewing all important temperatures, humidities and equipment status.
To:
Ensures energy savings
Improves building operations
Improves building operations allowing remote control/over-ride where necessary
Improves building management by means reporting and traceability
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Improves building management by having a faster reaction time to problems
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2. Five Processes to Control
T__________
P__________
F____
L_____
C___________
3. Five Processes to Control
Temperature
P__________
F____
L_____
C___________
4. Five Processes to Control
Temperature
Pressure
F____
L_____
C___________
5. Five Processes to Control
Temperature
Pressure
Flow
L_____
C___________
6. Five Processes to Control
Temperature
Pressure
Flow
Level
C___________
7. Five Processes to Control
Temperature
Pressure
Flow
Level
Composition
8. Composition (Analytical Transmitter - AT)
• pH
• DO
• Chlorine
• ORP
• Ammonia
• TOC
• COD
• BOD
• Phosphorus
• Carbon Monoxide
• Carbon Dioxide
• Conductivity
• Oxygen
• LEL
• Any other chemical or
biological process
measurements
9. Ron Janssen will discuss the analytical controls and
how they relate to the waste water treatment process
and some of the control schemes we use.
I will discuss general details of the remaining four
processes, Temperature, Pressure, Flow, and Level
A classic example of these processes in every day life
11. A typical example of a PID control loop
that everyone can understand is cruise
control.
• Gas pedal says where it needs to be on a flat
surface.
• When you start to go up a hill the gas pedal goes
down to maintain the speed set point.
• When you start to go down hill the gas pedal backs
off to try and maintain the speed set point.
12. Temperature (TT)
• Sensors
• RTD (resistance thermal detector)
• Thermocouple (mVolt)
• Engineering Units
• Celsius
• Fahrenheit
13. Pressure (PT)
Three references for pressure
• Gauge Pressure or Atmospheric Pressure
0 psig
• Absolute Pressure or Perfect Vacuum
14.7 psia = 0 psig
• Differential Pressure (Usually “H20)
14. Pressure Engineering Units
• PSI or PSIG
• PSIA
• PSID
• “H2O or IWC
• mm H2O
• Feet Water Column
• “Hg (mercury)
• Kilo Pascal's (KPA)
• Meters Water Column (M)
• Many others
15. Flow (FT)
• Most flow (mag or turbine) transmitters measure
velocity
Inch / second
• Multiply by pipe area (inch2)
Inch / Sec * inch2 = inch3 / sec
• Convert
231 inch3 = 1 gallon
60 sec = 1 minute
17. Flow (FT)
A Differential Pressure transmitter used to measure
Flow is identified as a Flow Transmitter (FT).
18. Level (LT)
Pressure (weight) of liquid column.
• A pressure transmitter used to measure the
process of level is identified as a Level
Transmitter (LT)
22. Temp
(-50 to 100)
deg F
Press
(0-100)
psi
Flow
(0-600)
gpm
Level
(18-0)
IWC
pH
(0-14)pH
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
AI 1
AI 2
AI 3
AI 4
AI 5
AO 1
AO 2
AO 3
AO 4
AO 5
Inputs Outputs
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
Pressure Indicator (PI)
Flow Indicator (FI)
Level Indicator (LI)
Temperature
Indicator (TI)
Analytical Indicator (AI)
PLC - DCS
23. Standard Signals
(4-20)mA (also called 20% offset)
(0-20)mA
(1-5) Volts DC
(0-5) Volts DC
(0-10) Volts DC
(-10 to 10) Volts DC
(3-15) psi
28. Instrumentation Reality
• Smart Pressure Transmitter – 50 parameters to utilize
• Smart Flow Transmitters – 75 parameters to utilize
• Frequency Drive – 300 parameters to utilize
• Ultrasonic Level Transmitter – 100 parameters to utilize
•You can get the configuration 98% right and it
will function 100% wrong.
29. Problems That Have Been Identified
Transmitter Mounting
Water condenses in air
flow measurements
building condensate in
sample lines.
30. Problems That Have Been Corrected
Transmitter Mounting
Air rises to the
highest point
causing errors in
liquid sample
lines
31. Problems That Have Been
Corrected
• Transmitters wired incorrectly
• pH and Temperature signal wires swapped
32. Temp
(-50 to 100)
deg F
Press
(0-100)
psi
Flow
(0-600)
gpm
Level
(18-0)
IWC
pH
(0-14)pH
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
AI 1
AI 2
AI 3
AI 4
AI 5
AO 1
AO 2
AO 3
AO 4
AO 5
Inputs Outputs
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
(4-20) mA
Pressure Indicator (PI)
Flow Indicator (FI)
Level Indicator (LI)
Temperature
Indicator (TI)
Analytical Indicator (AI)
PLC - DCS
33. Problems That Have Been Corrected
• Misconfiguration of frequency drives.
• Too long to discuss
• Bad mapping of data to and from SCADA, PLC,
or DCS
• A Flow Transmitter wired to first PLC, mapped on to second
PLC then mapped to DCS. 600 gpm simulation indicated as
540 gpm. 10% error since initial installation.
• Three freq drives and set points mapped wrong.
• 50% signal divided by 10 and ran at 5%
34. Problems That Have Been Corrected
• Square root extraction incorrectly used for flow
measurement with DP sensing.
• Thermocouples
• Red wire is negative.
• Extension wire must be thermocouple wire. Can
NOT use regular wire.
• Fail safe strategies not considered.
• If you unplug a signal and don’t get an alarm it’s not
designed fail safe.
35. Problems That Have Been Corrected
• Damaged, wrong, inaccurately marked
equipment shipped from factory.
• Marked from the manufacturer as (0-100)deg C
but was actually (0-100) deg F
• PSIA transmitters purchased when they needed
PSIG.
• Flow Elements mounted horizontal at the high
point of the piping.
37. Commissioning or Validation
Most of the above issues would have been
avoided with proper Commissioning or
Validation.
This process confirms the accuracy of data
from instruments to the SCADA screens and
from the SCADA screens to the instruments.
38. Commissioning or Validation
Most of the above issues would have been
avoided with proper Commissioning or
Validation.
This process confirms the accuracy of data
from instruments to the SCADA screens and
from the SCADA screens to the instruments.
This is what confirms you don’t have
“Garbage In”
39. Commissioning or Validation
Once you have confirmed there
is no “Garbage In” then control
schemes (programming) can be
implemented and tested.
41. You Don’t Have to Automate
Everything!
• If it’s a simple process keep it simple.
42. You Don’t Have to Automate
Everything!
• If it’s a simple process keep it simple.
• You don’t need cruise control for a horse!
43. You Don’t Have to Automate
Everything!
• If it’s a simple process keep it simple.
• You don’t need cruise control for a horse!
• You don’t use cruise control in a blizzard.
You need to keep your hands on the wheel,
feet on the pedals and drive the car.
44. Ron Janssen will be next discussing
some of our control strategies.