P-ISM is a "pen-style personal networking gadget package" created in 2003 by Japanese company NEC. It includes five functions in a portable device: a CPU pen, camera, virtual laser keyboard, LED projector for visual output, and cellular phone connection. The package uses Bluetooth and WiFi for wireless connectivity and allows the user to access computing and internet functions by projecting the display and keyboard onto any flat surface. While portable and convenient, challenges remain regarding cost, battery life, and precision of the virtual keyboard.