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5 NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES TO DIAGNOSTIC EXAMS.ppt
1. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES FOR
BARIUM SWALLOW
1
Pre-procedure:
NPO for 6-8 hours
Instruct pt about the
procedure
Tell pt that barium has
a thick consistency
&chalky taste
16 oz of barium is
swallowed
Lasts about 45
minutes
2. CONTINUED....
➲ Postprocedure
- Laxative
- Assess abdomen
for bowel distention
- Inform pt that stool
may be white for
up to 72 hours
after
- Call physician if
constipation &
abdominal
distention occurs
3. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES TO
LOWER GI BARIUM ENEMA
Preprocedure:
Low residue diet for 1 to 2 days prior to the test
Clear liquid diet & a laxative the evening before
the test
NPO after midnight prior to the day of the test
Cleansing enemas on the morning of the test
4. CONTINUED...
Postprocedure:
Instruct the client to drink increased oral
fluid to pass the barium
Administer a mild laxative as prescribed
Monitor stool for passage of barium
Notify the MD if a bowel movement does
not occur within 2 days
5. ANOSCOPY
Anoscopy – use of rigid scope to examine anal
canal
Client is placed in knee-chest position with back
inclined at 45 degrees
Preprocedure: enemas until the returns are clear
Postprocedure: monitor for rectal bleeding & signs of
perforation
7. CONTINUED....
➲ Preprocedure:
- Signed consent
- Antibiotic prophylaxis if with hx of valve problems
- NPO for 8-12 hours
- Assess oral cavity
- Remove dentures & retainers
- Instruct pt to breathe through the nose during
procedure
- Explain that the room is cool & dark and will not be
able to talk
➲ During procedure:
- Monitor cardiac & respiratory complications
- Assess VS & pulse oximetry frequently
8. CONTINUED...
➲ Post procedure
- NPO until gag reflex
returns
- monitor signs of
perforation
- maintain bedrest for
sedated pts until alert
- Lozenges, saline
gargles or oral
analgesics can relieve
minor sore throat
after gag reflex
returns
9. NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES FOR
COLONOSCOPY
Preprocedure:
Adequate cleansing of colon as prescribed
Clear liquid diet started at noon on the day
before the test
Consult with the MD regarding medications
that must be withheld prior to the test
NPO after midnight on the day before the
test
Midazolam IV is administered to provide
sedation
Glucagon is administered to relax smooth
muscle
12. ESOPHAGEAL MANOMETRY
detects motility disorders of the esophagus
and LES
NPO for 8 to 12 hours
Withhold drugs that affect GI motility
13. GASTRIC ANALYSIS
passage of NGT into the stomach to aspirate
gastric contents for the analysis of acidity
(pH), appearance and volume
specimen are collected every 15 minutes for 1
hour
Histamine may be
administered to
stimulate gastric
secretions
14. CONTINUED...
➲ Preprocedure:
NPO for 8-12 hours
Avoid tobacco &
chewing gum for 6
hours prior the test
Withhold drugs
that stimulate
gastric secretions
for 24-48 hours
➲ Postprocedure:
may resume
normal activity
refrigerate samples
if not tested within
4 hours