5 fu11
•
0 likes•253 views
5-Fluorouracil is converted inside cells to 5-fluro-deoxyuridine monophosphate which inhibits thymidylate synthase and disrupts DNA synthesis. A 2-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with non-metastatic hepatoblastoma and underwent CT scanning showing mild hepatomegaly and a patent portal vein. Due to bone marrow suppression from treatment, the patient experienced neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![ 5-Fluorouracil is a uracil with a stable fluorine atom
at position 5
When inside the cell, it’s converted to the
corresponding deoxynucleotide (5-fluro-
deoxyuridine monophosphate [5-FdUMP])
2](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Determinant of Glomerular Filtration
This document discusses glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and factors that influence it. It provides details on:
- How GFR is determined by glomerular capillary hydrostatic and oncotic pressures.
- Average GFR in humans is 125 mL/min but can be influenced by transglomerular pressure, renal plasma flow, glomerular permeability, and oncotic pressure.
- GFR is maintained relatively constant through autoregulation and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
- Clinical assessment of GFR can be done by measuring clearance of substances like inulin, radiolabeled compounds, or creatinine. Estimated GFR formulas like Cockcroft-
Etiology and pathophysiology of bph
This document discusses the etiology and pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It states that while androgens are required for normal prostate development, the precise causes of BPH are uncertain. Several factors may be involved, including androgens, estrogens, growth factors, inflammation and genetic factors. BPH causes prostate enlargement which obstructs the urethra. This obstruction induces changes in bladder function over time, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms. A variety of treatment options exist to relieve bladder outlet obstruction and manage symptoms.
NON ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS RECENT UPDATES
This document discusses nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It notes that NAFLD affects about 25% of adults in the United States. NASH is characterized by hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis. Risk factors for NASH include obesity and metabolic syndrome. If left untreated, NASH can progress to cirrhosis. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like weight loss and exercise as well as medications targeting metabolic abnormalities and inflammation.
Etiology of BPH
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) has an uncertain molecular etiology. Factors that may play a role include androgens, estrogens, stromal-epithelial interactions, growth factors, and neurotransmitters. The prostate maintains its ability to respond to androgens throughout life. Stromal cells play a central role in androgen-dependent prostate growth, and type 2 5-alpha reductase within stromal cells is key in amplifying androgenic effects. Programmed cell death is important in maintaining glandular homeostasis, and defects in apoptosis may contribute to BPH pathogenesis. Various growth factors, cytokines, and signaling pathways also influence prostate proliferation and growth. A familial
Nafld suresh ppt
This document provides information on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It defines NAFLD and discusses its spectrum, including steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Risk factors, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment options are summarized. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing NASH, but transient elastography and biomarkers can help identify patients at risk of advanced fibrosis who may require biopsy. Lifestyle modifications targeting weight loss and insulin resistance are the primary treatment approach.
Azathioprine.ppt
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug used as an adjunct to prevent rejection in renal transplants and to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis. It works by suppressing cell-mediated immune responses and altering antibody production. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, rash, and hematologic issues like leukopenia. Nurses monitor patients for signs of infection or toxicity and educate them about proper administration and reporting any adverse reactions. Precautions are needed due to teratogenicity and increased risk of infections and cancers with long term use.
Immunosuppressive Drugs
Immunosuppressive drugs used to treat transplant rejection include calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine and tacrolimus, mTOR inhibitors like sirolimus and everolimus, anti-proliferatives like azathioprine and mycophenolic acid, corticosteroids like prednisolone and hydrocortisone, and antibodies like the monoclonal anti-IL-2Rα receptor antibodies basiliximab and daclizumab or polyclonal anti-T-cell antibodies like anti-thymocyte globulin. The IL-2 receptor antagonist daclizumab is approved for use in renal, cardiac transplant, and multiple sclerosis.
Recommended
Determinant of Glomerular Filtration
This document discusses glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and factors that influence it. It provides details on:
- How GFR is determined by glomerular capillary hydrostatic and oncotic pressures.
- Average GFR in humans is 125 mL/min but can be influenced by transglomerular pressure, renal plasma flow, glomerular permeability, and oncotic pressure.
- GFR is maintained relatively constant through autoregulation and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms.
- Clinical assessment of GFR can be done by measuring clearance of substances like inulin, radiolabeled compounds, or creatinine. Estimated GFR formulas like Cockcroft-
Etiology and pathophysiology of bph
This document discusses the etiology and pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It states that while androgens are required for normal prostate development, the precise causes of BPH are uncertain. Several factors may be involved, including androgens, estrogens, growth factors, inflammation and genetic factors. BPH causes prostate enlargement which obstructs the urethra. This obstruction induces changes in bladder function over time, leading to lower urinary tract symptoms. A variety of treatment options exist to relieve bladder outlet obstruction and manage symptoms.
NON ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS RECENT UPDATES
This document discusses nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). It notes that NAFLD affects about 25% of adults in the United States. NASH is characterized by hepatocyte ballooning, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis. Risk factors for NASH include obesity and metabolic syndrome. If left untreated, NASH can progress to cirrhosis. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications like weight loss and exercise as well as medications targeting metabolic abnormalities and inflammation.
Etiology of BPH
Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH) has an uncertain molecular etiology. Factors that may play a role include androgens, estrogens, stromal-epithelial interactions, growth factors, and neurotransmitters. The prostate maintains its ability to respond to androgens throughout life. Stromal cells play a central role in androgen-dependent prostate growth, and type 2 5-alpha reductase within stromal cells is key in amplifying androgenic effects. Programmed cell death is important in maintaining glandular homeostasis, and defects in apoptosis may contribute to BPH pathogenesis. Various growth factors, cytokines, and signaling pathways also influence prostate proliferation and growth. A familial
Nafld suresh ppt
This document provides information on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It defines NAFLD and discusses its spectrum, including steatosis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Risk factors, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment options are summarized. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard for diagnosing NASH, but transient elastography and biomarkers can help identify patients at risk of advanced fibrosis who may require biopsy. Lifestyle modifications targeting weight loss and insulin resistance are the primary treatment approach.
Azathioprine.ppt
Azathioprine is an immunosuppressive drug used as an adjunct to prevent rejection in renal transplants and to treat severe rheumatoid arthritis. It works by suppressing cell-mediated immune responses and altering antibody production. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, rash, and hematologic issues like leukopenia. Nurses monitor patients for signs of infection or toxicity and educate them about proper administration and reporting any adverse reactions. Precautions are needed due to teratogenicity and increased risk of infections and cancers with long term use.
Immunosuppressive Drugs
Immunosuppressive drugs used to treat transplant rejection include calcineurin inhibitors like cyclosporine and tacrolimus, mTOR inhibitors like sirolimus and everolimus, anti-proliferatives like azathioprine and mycophenolic acid, corticosteroids like prednisolone and hydrocortisone, and antibodies like the monoclonal anti-IL-2Rα receptor antibodies basiliximab and daclizumab or polyclonal anti-T-cell antibodies like anti-thymocyte globulin. The IL-2 receptor antagonist daclizumab is approved for use in renal, cardiac transplant, and multiple sclerosis.
Oncological and Hematological Medications.pptx
This document discusses several types of oncological and hematological medications. It covers antineoplastic medications which kill or inhibit cancer cells. It describes common side effects like nausea, alopecia, and myelosuppression. The document outlines general interventions for issues like anaphylaxis. It provides details on specific classes of antineoplastic agents like alkylating agents, antitumor antibiotics, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, and topoisomerase inhibitors. It also discusses hormonal medications, immunotherapies, and medications used to treat anemia.
Physician's Meeting 23/4/2013 - Challenging Nephrotic Syndrome
Presented at Belfast City Hospital Physician's Meeting.
Topic - A case of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis with all the complications of nephrotic syndrome and transplant recurrence of FSGS.
Sabari krishnan final clinical meet 2 copy
The document describes a 50-year-old female patient presenting with a 15-day history of loose stools, fever, and rash all over the body, who was diagnosed with drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome likely induced by leflunomide, which caused hepatitis, renal involvement including acute interstitial nephritis and associated renal vasculitis. Despite treatment including steroids, the patient's condition deteriorated and she ultimately died from complications including perforated duodenal ulcers, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
Parathyroid Disorders.pptx
Disorders of the parathyroid glands can cause significant metabolic disturbances that present challenges for anesthesia and surgery. Parathyroid surgery specifically carries risks related to maintaining normal calcium levels. Pre-op optimization is essential to prevent complications from electrolyte imbalances during and after surgery. Careful monitoring of calcium levels is needed both during and after surgery to address any potential hypocalcemia.
MSKCC TMA Lecture
This document discusses a case of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) occurring in a 24-year-old pregnant female who presented with fever, fatigue, and abdominal pain. She was found to have sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and was treated with antibiotics, fluids and pressors. Her condition deteriorated and she developed renal failure. Testing found low levels of ADAMTS13 and a diagnosis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) was made. She was treated with plasma exchange, hemodialysis and the complement inhibitor eculizumab, which led to improvement in her hematologic and renal parameters and eventual discharge.
Chronic Kidney Disease
This document discusses chronic kidney disease (CKD), including its definition, stages, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and relationship to kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, and uremia. CKD is defined as glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or kidney damage for over 3 months. As CKD progresses, compensatory mechanisms disrupt homeostasis, leading to accumulation of waste and abnormalities. Later stages involve loss of over 90% of nephrons and inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte and hormone balance without dialysis or transplant.
Tma lecture mskcc
The document discusses thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). TMAs are caused by endothelial cell damage and platelet activation leading to thrombosis. While plasma therapy can induce remission in some patients with aHUS, genetic mutations affecting complement regulatory factors often result in poor long-term outcomes of end-stage renal disease or death despite treatment.
disorders-of-the-parathyroid-glands
- Disorders of the parathyroid glands can lead to abnormalities in calcium homeostasis. The main hormones involved are parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin, which work in opposition to maintain normal calcium levels.
- Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by excessive PTH from overactive parathyroid glands. This disrupts the normal feedback inhibition and leads to hypercalcemia. It is usually treated with surgical removal of the affected gland(s).
- Medical treatments for hypercalcemia aim to increase calcium excretion and inhibit bone resorption through hydration, diuretics, calcitonin, bisphosphosphonates, and glucocorticoids in some cases
Acute Liver Failure
This document describes a case of acute liver failure in a 26-year-old male patient. It provides details of the patient's history, presenting symptoms of jaundice, abdominal pain and confusion. Physical exam findings include jaundice, enlarged liver and abnormal lab values including elevated liver enzymes and coagulopathy. The patient is diagnosed with acute liver failure secondary to anti-tuberculosis medications and hepatic encephalopathy.
Phlebotomy dr.Manikandan (1).pptx
Dr. Manikandan presented a journal on the effect of therapeutic phlebotomy on plasma volume in polycythemia patients. The study aimed to determine plasma volume changes in these patients undergoing therapeutic phlebotomy. It found that only 47% of phlebotomy episodes resulted in plasma volume expansion, with a mean increase of 1.14 mL/kg. Symptomatic improvements were seen in 60% of patients after phlebotomy. While phlebotomy reduced hematocrit and hemoglobin, long-term compliance was poor, with only 4.8% reaching the target hematocrit within the study period. The conclusion was that phlebotomy provides both short-term correction and protection from plasma volume
Pud ms 2021 fifth year
The document discusses peptic ulcer disease. It begins with definitions of erosion and ulcer, then covers epidemiology including higher rates in males historically but now similar rates between sexes. It discusses pathogenesis related to a balance of protective and aggressive factors, including the role of Helicobacter pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment involves eradicating H. pylori if present, reducing acid production, and supporting mucosal defenses. Complications can include perforation, bleeding and stenosis.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
DEFINITION
TYPES
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
REFERENCES
Nephrotoxicity eman 2013
The document discusses nephrotoxicity in intensive care unit patients, including definitions of acute kidney injury, epidemiology showing AKI occurs in 3.2-67% of ICU patients, and common risk factors such as sepsis, diabetes, and nephrotoxic medications. Mechanisms of nephrotoxicity are described such as effects on intraglomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, and crystal nephropathy. Biomarkers for early detection of AKI are also mentioned.
Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
This document discusses recent advances in pharmacotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It begins by introducing IBD as consisting of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which result from a dysregulated immune response in the gut. Recent treatment advances discussed include Janus kinase inhibitors like tofacitinib, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators like ozanimod, and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors. Upcoming therapies discussed are conventional small molecules and more expensive biologic drugs targeting pathways like JAK and integrins. Safety concerns are highlighted for immunomodulators commonly used to treat IBD.
neonatal cholestasis by dinesh viruvanti
1. Neonatal cholestasis is defined as conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn. It can be caused by intrahepatic or extrahepatic conditions.
2. Common etiologies include biliary atresia, metabolic diseases like galactosemia, and infections. Biliary atresia is the most common cause of extrahepatic cholestasis.
3. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, lab tests including liver function tests and imaging, and may require liver biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include surgical intervention or lifestyle changes.
Gouty Athritis , Cause of painful joints ,pseudo gout
This document describes the case of a 41-year-old male presenting with bilateral knee swelling and pain for 10 days. His medical history includes a similar illness 7-8 years ago and a history of heavy alcohol consumption. On examination, he has flushed face, icteric eyes, and tender, swollen knees bilaterally. Laboratory tests show elevated uric acid, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers. X-rays and microscopy confirm chronic tophaceous gout with an acute gout flare. He is treated with anti-inflammatory medications, urate-lowering therapy, and supportive care, and discharged after 8 days with resolution of symptoms.
Pathology of Endocrine system.ppt
Pathology of Endocrine system
Endocrine pathology is the subspecialty of diagnostic pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterisation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the endocrine system
Liver fibrosis
Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible wound healing response characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the liver following chronic liver disease. The hepatic stellate cell is the principal cell involved in fibrogenesis, undergoing activation from a quiescent vitamin A storing cell to a proliferative, contractile myofibroblast that secretes extracellular matrix proteins. Assessment of fibrosis includes invasive liver biopsy as well as non-invasive markers and imaging. Treatment strategies target inhibiting liver injury, reducing inflammation, blocking hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation, and modulating nuclear receptors involved in fibrosis. Several drugs are in clinical trials for treating hepatic fibrosis.
CASE PRESENTATION OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS PPT by MADHUKAR THAGNAR
Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by the replacement of liver tissue with fibrosis, scar tissue and regenerative nodules, leading to loss of liver function. It is caused by long-term damage to the liver from conditions such as viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease associated with obesity and diabetes, and alcohol abuse. Symptoms include jaundice, vomiting blood, itchy skin, and mental confusion. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, monitoring for complications, and addressing any underlying causes of damage when possible.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
More Related Content
Similar to 5 fu11
Oncological and Hematological Medications.pptx
This document discusses several types of oncological and hematological medications. It covers antineoplastic medications which kill or inhibit cancer cells. It describes common side effects like nausea, alopecia, and myelosuppression. The document outlines general interventions for issues like anaphylaxis. It provides details on specific classes of antineoplastic agents like alkylating agents, antitumor antibiotics, antimetabolites, mitotic inhibitors, and topoisomerase inhibitors. It also discusses hormonal medications, immunotherapies, and medications used to treat anemia.
Physician's Meeting 23/4/2013 - Challenging Nephrotic Syndrome
Presented at Belfast City Hospital Physician's Meeting.
Topic - A case of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis with all the complications of nephrotic syndrome and transplant recurrence of FSGS.
Sabari krishnan final clinical meet 2 copy
The document describes a 50-year-old female patient presenting with a 15-day history of loose stools, fever, and rash all over the body, who was diagnosed with drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome likely induced by leflunomide, which caused hepatitis, renal involvement including acute interstitial nephritis and associated renal vasculitis. Despite treatment including steroids, the patient's condition deteriorated and she ultimately died from complications including perforated duodenal ulcers, sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.
Parathyroid Disorders.pptx
Disorders of the parathyroid glands can cause significant metabolic disturbances that present challenges for anesthesia and surgery. Parathyroid surgery specifically carries risks related to maintaining normal calcium levels. Pre-op optimization is essential to prevent complications from electrolyte imbalances during and after surgery. Careful monitoring of calcium levels is needed both during and after surgery to address any potential hypocalcemia.
MSKCC TMA Lecture
This document discusses a case of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) occurring in a 24-year-old pregnant female who presented with fever, fatigue, and abdominal pain. She was found to have sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and was treated with antibiotics, fluids and pressors. Her condition deteriorated and she developed renal failure. Testing found low levels of ADAMTS13 and a diagnosis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) was made. She was treated with plasma exchange, hemodialysis and the complement inhibitor eculizumab, which led to improvement in her hematologic and renal parameters and eventual discharge.
Chronic Kidney Disease
This document discusses chronic kidney disease (CKD), including its definition, stages, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and relationship to kidney failure, end-stage renal disease, and uremia. CKD is defined as glomerular filtration rate below 60 mL/min/1.73m2 or kidney damage for over 3 months. As CKD progresses, compensatory mechanisms disrupt homeostasis, leading to accumulation of waste and abnormalities. Later stages involve loss of over 90% of nephrons and inability to maintain fluid, electrolyte and hormone balance without dialysis or transplant.
Tma lecture mskcc
The document discusses thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). TMAs are caused by endothelial cell damage and platelet activation leading to thrombosis. While plasma therapy can induce remission in some patients with aHUS, genetic mutations affecting complement regulatory factors often result in poor long-term outcomes of end-stage renal disease or death despite treatment.
disorders-of-the-parathyroid-glands
- Disorders of the parathyroid glands can lead to abnormalities in calcium homeostasis. The main hormones involved are parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin, which work in opposition to maintain normal calcium levels.
- Primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by excessive PTH from overactive parathyroid glands. This disrupts the normal feedback inhibition and leads to hypercalcemia. It is usually treated with surgical removal of the affected gland(s).
- Medical treatments for hypercalcemia aim to increase calcium excretion and inhibit bone resorption through hydration, diuretics, calcitonin, bisphosphosphonates, and glucocorticoids in some cases
Acute Liver Failure
This document describes a case of acute liver failure in a 26-year-old male patient. It provides details of the patient's history, presenting symptoms of jaundice, abdominal pain and confusion. Physical exam findings include jaundice, enlarged liver and abnormal lab values including elevated liver enzymes and coagulopathy. The patient is diagnosed with acute liver failure secondary to anti-tuberculosis medications and hepatic encephalopathy.
Phlebotomy dr.Manikandan (1).pptx
Dr. Manikandan presented a journal on the effect of therapeutic phlebotomy on plasma volume in polycythemia patients. The study aimed to determine plasma volume changes in these patients undergoing therapeutic phlebotomy. It found that only 47% of phlebotomy episodes resulted in plasma volume expansion, with a mean increase of 1.14 mL/kg. Symptomatic improvements were seen in 60% of patients after phlebotomy. While phlebotomy reduced hematocrit and hemoglobin, long-term compliance was poor, with only 4.8% reaching the target hematocrit within the study period. The conclusion was that phlebotomy provides both short-term correction and protection from plasma volume
Pud ms 2021 fifth year
The document discusses peptic ulcer disease. It begins with definitions of erosion and ulcer, then covers epidemiology including higher rates in males historically but now similar rates between sexes. It discusses pathogenesis related to a balance of protective and aggressive factors, including the role of Helicobacter pylori and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment involves eradicating H. pylori if present, reducing acid production, and supporting mucosal defenses. Complications can include perforation, bleeding and stenosis.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
DEFINITION
TYPES
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
DIAGNOSIS
TREATMENT
REFERENCES
Nephrotoxicity eman 2013
The document discusses nephrotoxicity in intensive care unit patients, including definitions of acute kidney injury, epidemiology showing AKI occurs in 3.2-67% of ICU patients, and common risk factors such as sepsis, diabetes, and nephrotoxic medications. Mechanisms of nephrotoxicity are described such as effects on intraglomerular hemodynamics, tubular cell toxicity, inflammation, and crystal nephropathy. Biomarkers for early detection of AKI are also mentioned.
Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
This document discusses recent advances in pharmacotherapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It begins by introducing IBD as consisting of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, which result from a dysregulated immune response in the gut. Recent treatment advances discussed include Janus kinase inhibitors like tofacitinib, sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators like ozanimod, and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors. Upcoming therapies discussed are conventional small molecules and more expensive biologic drugs targeting pathways like JAK and integrins. Safety concerns are highlighted for immunomodulators commonly used to treat IBD.
neonatal cholestasis by dinesh viruvanti
1. Neonatal cholestasis is defined as conjugated hyperbilirubinemia in a newborn. It can be caused by intrahepatic or extrahepatic conditions.
2. Common etiologies include biliary atresia, metabolic diseases like galactosemia, and infections. Biliary atresia is the most common cause of extrahepatic cholestasis.
3. Evaluation involves history, physical exam, lab tests including liver function tests and imaging, and may require liver biopsy. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include surgical intervention or lifestyle changes.
Gouty Athritis , Cause of painful joints ,pseudo gout
This document describes the case of a 41-year-old male presenting with bilateral knee swelling and pain for 10 days. His medical history includes a similar illness 7-8 years ago and a history of heavy alcohol consumption. On examination, he has flushed face, icteric eyes, and tender, swollen knees bilaterally. Laboratory tests show elevated uric acid, liver enzymes, and inflammatory markers. X-rays and microscopy confirm chronic tophaceous gout with an acute gout flare. He is treated with anti-inflammatory medications, urate-lowering therapy, and supportive care, and discharged after 8 days with resolution of symptoms.
Pathology of Endocrine system.ppt
Pathology of Endocrine system
Endocrine pathology is the subspecialty of diagnostic pathology which deals with the diagnosis and characterisation of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of the endocrine system
Liver fibrosis
Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible wound healing response characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix in the liver following chronic liver disease. The hepatic stellate cell is the principal cell involved in fibrogenesis, undergoing activation from a quiescent vitamin A storing cell to a proliferative, contractile myofibroblast that secretes extracellular matrix proteins. Assessment of fibrosis includes invasive liver biopsy as well as non-invasive markers and imaging. Treatment strategies target inhibiting liver injury, reducing inflammation, blocking hepatic stellate cell activation and proliferation, and modulating nuclear receptors involved in fibrosis. Several drugs are in clinical trials for treating hepatic fibrosis.
CASE PRESENTATION OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS PPT by MADHUKAR THAGNAR
Cirrhosis is a consequence of chronic liver disease characterized by the replacement of liver tissue with fibrosis, scar tissue and regenerative nodules, leading to loss of liver function. It is caused by long-term damage to the liver from conditions such as viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease associated with obesity and diabetes, and alcohol abuse. Symptoms include jaundice, vomiting blood, itchy skin, and mental confusion. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, monitoring for complications, and addressing any underlying causes of damage when possible.
Similar to 5 fu11 (20)
Physician's Meeting 23/4/2013 - Challenging Nephrotic Syndrome
Physician's Meeting 23/4/2013 - Challenging Nephrotic Syndrome
Primary Biliary cholangitis, lecture class for MBBS
Primary Biliary cholangitis, lecture class for MBBS
Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Recent Advances in Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gouty Athritis , Cause of painful joints ,pseudo gout
Gouty Athritis , Cause of painful joints ,pseudo gout
CASE PRESENTATION OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS PPT by MADHUKAR THAGNAR
CASE PRESENTATION OF LIVER CIRRHOSIS PPT by MADHUKAR THAGNAR
Recently uploaded
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
In some case, your chronic prostatitis may be related to over-masturbation. Generally, natural medicine Diuretic and Anti-inflammatory Pill can help mee get a cure.
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
A Classical Text Review on Basavarajeeyam
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
The Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India
Treat the symptoms of indigestion, heartburn and stomach reflux with the 10 Best Ayurvedic Antacid Tablets in India.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Learn about body grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
we have mentioned the best 10 ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups. You can check all these products and choose the best one for yourself.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
Recently uploaded (20)
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Does Over-Masturbation Contribute to Chronic Prostatitis.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Tests for analysis of different pharmaceutical.pptx
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Top 10 Best Ayurvedic Kidney Stone Syrups in India
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...
5 fu11
- 1. DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY FACULTY OF PHARMACY CAIRO UNIVERSITY NUMBERS 40684-40700 1
- 2. 5-Fluorouracil is a uracil with a stable fluorine atom at position 5 When inside the cell, it’s converted to the corresponding deoxynucleotide (5-fluro- deoxyuridine monophosphate [5-FdUMP]) 2
- 3. • A 2 years old male was admitted to 57357 hospital with non metastatic hepatoblastoma • Associated Diagnosis: None. • Fair General condition and Huge hepatic mass. 3
- 4. Treatment Day II CT scanning of the pelvis and the abdomen: Mild hepatomegaly. The main portal vein is patent. 4
- 5. CBC 5
- 6. • Due to bone marrow suppression, there is notable: Neutropenia. Thrombocytopenia. 6
- 7. NAUSEA VOMITING DIARRHOEA Other associated side effects 7
- 8. Stomatitis and irritation of the GI mucosa. 8
- 9. The hand-foot syndrome CHARACTERIZED BY REDDENING, SWELLING, NUMBNESS AND DESQUAMATION OF THE SKIN. 9
- 10. Other unreported side effects • CARDIOTOXICITY ( ARRHYTHMIA OR ANGINA ). • NEPHROTOXICITY. • BLURRED VISION. 10
- 11. • 57357 HOSPITAL PHARMACY. • LEXI.COM • KATZUNG BASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY 12TH EDITIO 11
- 12. 12