Oral presentation

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Home gardeners
adaptation
strategies to
climate change in
NIGERIA
Authors: Adebisi-Adelani. O, Dixon. H G,
Ogbonaya Kanu , Utobo Oliver, Idris Bala and
Olajide-Taiwo L.O

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Introduction
 In Nigeria, the climate change phenomenon manifests
• storms, floods and extreme temperature.
• intra and inter annual rainfall variability
 Vulnerabilities of Nigeria to climate change
 Home garden has been equally affected in the following
area which includes:

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Introduction----
• Higher temperatures,
• increase droughts and floods,
• increase in weeds,
• advents of novel pests and diseases
• risk in rainfall and high mortality rate of
livestock.

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Objectives
 General objective
 Investigate the adaptation strategies being employed by home
gardeners to cope with the effects of climate change
 specific objectives are to:
• Examine the awareness of climate change parameters and
different cropping stages as affected by climate in home
garden.

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Objectives------
• Determine the effect of climate change indices on home
garden.
• Determine the effect of climate on the income of home
gardeners .
• Identify the adaptation strategies adopted by home
gardeners to cope with climatic changes and determine
their effectiveness.

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Hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between
selected personal/enterprise characteristics and
adaptation strategies

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Methodology
 study area covers four out of six geo-political zones in
Nigeria
 communities close to the National Horticultural Research
Institute’s
 Individuals registered with Community Development
Association (CDA) were purposively selected

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Methodology
 sensitization workshops on home garden
 Pretested Interview guide
 participants in the four locations who are home gardeners
were 417
 percentages and frequency counts, Chi- square.

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Results and Discussion
Variables Frequency Percentage
Age of current garden
<5 153 36.7
5-9 110 26.4
10-19 103 24.7
20-24 22 5.3
25-29 9 2.2
>30 20 4.8
Years of experience in garden
<5 182 53.4
5-9 55 13.2
10-19 74 17.7
20-24 22 5.3
25-29 9 2.2
>29 34 8.1

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Results and Discussion----
Types of house in home garden
Bungalow 263 63.1
Storey building 70 16.8
Hut 51 12.2
Others 33 7.9
Open market 149 35.7
Friends and relatives 82 19.7
Space for home garden
Yes 221 53.0
House rented or owned
Rented 74 17.7
Owned 343 82.2
Dependence on home garden
<5 105 24.5
5-9 178 42.7
10-14 79 18.9
15-19 35 8.4

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Results and Discussion--------
Variables Frequency Percentage Rank
Climate change awareness
341 81.8
1
Observed change in climate
331 79.4
2
Change in weather and planting period
325 77.9
4
Change in rainfall pattern
329 78.9
3
Table 2: Percentage distribution of Awareness of climate change by
home gardeners

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Results and Discussion --------
Different stages Frequency Percentage Rank
Sprouting stage 51 12.2 3
Flowering 80 19.2 2
Fruiting 209 50.1 1
Ripening stage 46 11.0 4
Others 20 4.8 5
Table 3: Different cropping Stages affected by climate (temperature) in
home garden

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Results and Discussion --------
Variables Frequency Percentage Rank
Decrease in rainfall 108 25.9 2
Increase in sunshine
158 37.9
1
Increase in drought
61 14.6
4
Increase in pest and
diseases activities 76 18.2
3
Others 7 1.7 5
Table 4: Distribution of respondents according to effect of climate change
indices on home garden

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Results and Discussion ------
--
Variables Frequency Percentage Rank
Increase in irrigation measures adopted 116 27.8 2
Increase in cost of production 115 27.6 3
Increase in cost of pest and disease control 59 14.1 4
Loss in yield of crops 117 28.1 1
Others 10 2.4 5
Table 5: Percentage distribution of Effect of climate change on
income of Home gardeners

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Results and Discussion --------
Variables Frequency Percentage Rank
Efficient use of water during dry spell 199 47.7 1
Planting of resistant varieties 90 21.6 2
Change of land use 15 3.6 5
Planting drought tolerant plant 38 9.1 4
Reforestation 7 1.7 6
None 52 14.4 3
Table 6: Percentage distribution of Adaptation strategies adopted
by home gardeners to cope with climatic changes

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Results and Discussion -------
-
Frequency Percentage Frequency Percentage
Variables Yes No
Adaptation
effectiveness
335 80.3 82 19.7
Table 7: Percentage distribution of Adaptation effectiveness

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Results and Discussion --------
Personal/Enterprise
characteristics
P value Chi-square Contingencyco-efficient Decision
Sex 45.188 0.000 0.342 S
Marital status 39.665 0.002 0.322 S
Age 49.211 0.002 0.359 S
Religion 47.644 0.000 0.351 S
Tribe 70.931 0.000 0.412 S
Education 56.726 0.000 0.378 S
Occupation 41.469 0.000 0.330 S
Age of current garden 70.427 0.000 0.418 S
Table 8: Chi-square analysis of relationship between personal/enterprise
characteristics of home gardeners and adaptation strategies

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Results and Discussion -------
-
Age of current garden 70.427 0.000 0.418 S
Year of experience in home gardener 175.796 0.000 0.586 S
Source of seed/seedlings 67.826 0.007 0.374 NS
Number of dependence on home garden 89.041 0.000 0.419 S
Size of your Plot 38.342 0.91 0.290 NS
Type of housing 73.871 0.000 0.388 S
Table 8: Chi-square analysis of relationship between personal/enterprise
characteristics of home gardeners and adaptation strategies--------------
---------------------------------------------

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Conclusion and Recommendations
 age is no barrier to home garden
 Also home gardeners are very much aware of change in
climate
 the impact it is causing to their income and general
livelihood.
 Specific adaptation strategies could be adopted which are
best suitable for specific location because each locality
has its own peculiarities.
 Irrigation facilities should be provided at minimal cost

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Thank you all for listening