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1. DRAFTING

2. DRAFTING
Is the systematic
representation and
dimensional specification
of technical and
architectural structures.

3. It is also the process of
representing an object or idea
by means of lines.
Drafting is said to be a
universal language, the forms
of communicating thoughts
from one person to another by
using picture.

4. DRAFTSMAN
Is the one who draws plans
or designs structures to be
build.

5. COMMON
DRAFTING TOOLS
AND EQUIPMENT

6. DRAWING TABLE
 A kind of multipurpose desk which can be used for
any kind of drawing. This special table has an
adjustable top so it can be tilted to the desired
angle.

7. DRAWING BOARD
Used in the absence of drawing table.
A draftsman may place the drawing
board on top of the ordinary table.

8. DRAWING PAPER
Specially prepared for use in drafting. The
material is usually made of cellulose pulp
derived mainly from wood, rags, or certain
grasses. It can withstand erasure.

9. DRAWING PENCILS
Common pencils come in a graphite
sticks encased in wooden holder.
Drawing pencils come in various
grades of hardness and softness. The letter
H code means hard and B means soft.

10. T-SQUARE
A technical drawing instrument primarily
used as a guide for drawing horizontal lines on a
drafting table. It is also used to guide the
triangle that is used to draw vertical lines. Its
name comes from the general shape of the
instrument where the horizontal member of the
T slides on the side of the drafting table.
Common lengths are 18”,24”,30”,36”, and 42”.

11. TRIANGLES
Any of the various triangular drafting
instruments used to draw straight lines at
specified angles. The most commonly used
are the 45° and the 30° × 60° triangles that are
usually made of celluloid.

12. ERASER
Two kinds of erasers are commonly
used in pencil drawing: art gum and hard
rubber. The art gum does not totally remove
the graphite from the paper but creates the
shading effect; the hard rubber removes the
graphite to “clean up” the drawing by
removing the unwanted lines or to bring the
drawing into perspective. A good hard rubber
eraser is one which does not produce
unwanted marks on the drawing paper after
lines or drawings are erased. Ink erasers are
filled with abrasives.

13. ERASING SHIELD
A template made of a thin
sheet of stainless steel used
when erasing lines or drawings
located in areas where there are
other lines.

14. FRENCH CURVES
Template made of celluloid
plastic, metal, or wood. They are
used in manual drafting to get
smooth curves of varying radii.
Many draftsmen prefer those
made of celluloid.

15. PROTACTOR
A tool used to draw or measure
angles of an arc. The numbers
indicated on the arc are in degrees.
There are 90 degrees in half of
celluloid.

16. COMPASS
Used for drawing simple arcs and
circles. Compasses are usually made of
metal, and consist of two parts
connected by a hinge which can be
adjusted. Typically, one part has a spike
at its end, and the other part a pencil, or
sometimes a pen

17. DIVIDERS
Used for dividing lines into
several equal parts. It consists of
two legs, each with a needle point.
The needle points must be sharp
and of equal length.

18. PENCIL SHARPENER
A device for sharpening a pencil’s
point by shaving one end. A blade inside
the sharpener shaves the wood of the
pencil, thus sharpening the tip. Only a
sharp pencil is capable of producing
clean-cut black lines that sparkle with
clarity.

19. TECHNICAL PENS
Specialized instruments used by
an engineer or a draftsperson to make
lines of constant width for architectural,
engineering or technical drawings.
Radiograph style of pen is still widely
used by artists.

20. WATER COLOR BRUSHES
Usually made of animal hair
and come in many shapes and
sizes.

21. Has various Measurements
that are used to give the actual size
of the drawing in reduced or
enlarged form.
TRIANGULAR SCALE

22. SPECIAL LETTERING
PENS AND DEVICES
There are many types of
lettering pens and devices available in
the market. The choice of a pen for
lettering is determined by the size and
style of the letters, the thickness and
the personal preference of the
draftsman.

23. SPEEDBALL PEN
HENRY TANK PEN
AUTOMATIC
MARKING PEN

24. AUTOMATIC SHADING PEN
ROUND WRITING PEN
COIT PEN