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47SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832, (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474, July, 2013 VOL-V * ISSUE -54
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vesfjdh vFkZO;oLFkk 2008-09 esa xaHkhj ladV esa Qaldj
ekSr ds dxkj ij igWaqp xbZ FkhA bles fiNyh lnh ds rhl
ds n'kd dh egku eanh ds lkjs rRo ekStwn FksA jkstxkj] nkSyr
vkSj mEehn ;kuh lkjh phts yxHkx lekIr gks xbZ FkhA
vesfjdk ds bl ladV dk fodflr ns'kks dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij
Hkh lh/kk vlj iM+kA ;wjksi dk dksbZ Hkh {ks= mlls vNqrk ugh
jgkA cSafdx lsDVj] mMM;u] LVhy vkWVkseksckby] dEifu;kWa
bR;kfn bldh pisV esa FkhA j{kk m|ksx] ehfM;k fu;ksDrk
bySDVkWfuDl vkSj dEI;wVj fuekZrk dEiuh dk Hkh cgqr cqjk
gky FkkA ;g cqjh [kcj iwjs ;wjksi es Hk;kud vkx dh rjg
QSy xbZA egy 3.9 djksM+ dh vkcknh okys Lisu esa vdsys
,d eghus esa 200000 ukSdfj;ka pyh xbZA vk;jySaM esa
vFkZO;oLFkk pjejk xbZA dzq} rFkk grk'k turk us vius usrkvksa
dks bLrhQk nsus ds fy, etcwj dj fn;kA xzhl esa vius va/
kdkj e; Hkfo"; dks ns[krs gq, Nk=ks us fujUrj izn'kZu fd;kA
Qzkal] bVyh teZuh iqrZxky vkSj fczVsu ess lM+dks ij O;kid
fojks/k izn'kZu fd;kA Qzakl esa lkekftd va'kkfUr QSay xbZA
ljdksth dk 26 vjc MkWyj dk izksRlkgu iSdst Hkh
vFkZO;oLFkk esa dksbZ lq/kkj ugh yk ldkA rhu lky igys Lisu
vkSj vk;kySaM ;wjks dh lcls rsth ls c<+us okyh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa
esa 'kqekj FkkA ysfdu eanh dh ekj ls ,slk yxk fd os HkjHkjkdj
fxj tk;sxhA NksVs iSekus ij 'kq# gqbZ vkfFkZd fuf'prk ckn
esa oSf'od eanh esa cny xbZA mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa ;g
vka'kdk O;Dr dh tk jgh Fkh fd c<+rh csjkstxkjh ds dkj.k
eqDr cktkj vkSj if'peh leFkZd uhfr;ksa dks R;kx fn;k
tk;sxkA m/kj fodflr ns'kksa ess lkspk tk jgk Fkk fd csjkstxkjh
ds dkj.k oSf'od cktkj dh dher ij LFkkuh; m|ksxks dh
j{kk dh tk;sxhA blesa dksbZ nks jk; ugh fd ;wjksih; izksRlkgu
iSdstkssa vkSj 17 Qjojh 2010 dks vesfjdk esa jk"Vªifr vkcksek
}kjk gLrk{kfjr iSdst ?kjsyw dEifu;ksa dh lqj{kk ,oa lja{k.k
oknh O;kikj ds fu;eu ds fy, ftl oSf'od foÙkh; iz.kkyh
dk fuekZ.kZ gqvk Fkk] mls xEHkhj vk?kkr yxkA
eanh ds dkj.k vesfjdk ds vkfFkZd ladV dh ;g
vo/kkj.kk u dsoy v/kwjh gS cfYd vkt ds lUnHkZ esa mBk,
x;s vge ,ao cqfu;knh loky mlesa 'kkfey ugh gSa vkfFkZd
tekus esa iwWthoknh dh ehekalk fdl rjg tk, vkSj mlesa lq/kkj
dSls gksxk D;k bl rjg dk iwthokn oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ds
July,2013
fy, Bhd gS D;k jkT; dk iwWthokn ;k ekDlZokn orZeku
O;oLFkk ds fodYi gS D;k ;g ladV mRiknu ds oSf'odj.k
dh nsu gS vFkok if'pe ds dqN vxz.kh vkfFkZd fopkjdksa vkSj
cqf}thfo;ksa ds vuqlkj ;g lH;rk dk ldV gS ;k ugh vkfn
eqyHkwr iz'u tks fd oSf'od ds ek;ktky ls mHkjdj ekul
iVy ds fy, fopkj.kh; gSA mUgksus bl ckr ij cy fn;k
fd ladV ds cht ykyp ,ao Hk; us MkysA ;g ladV fo'okl
dk ladV gSA rFkk eqDr cktkj dk iwwathokn lEiUu yksxks ds
?k`f.kr ykyp dk izfrQy gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ Fkk fd ladV
dk ewy cM+s fuos'k ?kjkuksa czksdjsy QeksZ vkfn ds vuSfrd
O;ogkj esa fufgr FkkA bl ladV ds dkj.k mUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh;
iz.kkyh vkSj if'peh cSafdx laLFkku gSA ysfdu if'pe dk
dguk gS fd ,f'k;kbZ dqizcU/k ds dkj.k ;g ladV iSnk gqvk
D;ksafd if'pe esa vkcknh Bgj xbZ FkhA vkSj odZ QkszlZ esa rsth
ls deh vkus yxh FkhA blds ifj.kke Lo#i Jfedksa okys
jkstxkj ,f'k;k esa tkus yxs FksA ;g leL;k cSafdx txr ds
u, usr`Ro dh vuSfrd vkpkj.k ls mHkjhA
;g vkfFkZd ladV jktuSfrd O;oLFkk] ehfM;k] jktuSfrd
laLd`fr vkSj vuSfrdrk ds dkj.k iSnk gqbZ ftlls vesfjdk
iksySaM ;wdzsu gaxkjh rFkk bVyh dh vFkZO;oLFkk rckg gks xbZA
dbZ yksxksa dk ;gkWa rd ekuuk gS fd ljdkj dks feVkus] ns'k
dk vfo"dkj djus rFkk bl rjg jktuSfrd vjktdrk iSnk
djus dk izykscu cuk jgsxkA fdlh rjg dk jktuSfrd
gLRk{ksi u gksus ij Hkh dqN yksxksa us bldk lansg gksxkA vkerkSj
ij ;g leL;k gksxh fd vkfFkZd ladV dk ewy dkj.k vkfFkZd
QSlyksa dks uSfrdrk ls vyx j[kuk vkSj /kks[kk/kM+h ;k QthZokM+k
djuk FkkA bl /kks[kk/kM+h esa rckMrksM+ _.k ysuk tksf[ke ds
ckjs esa u crkuk rFkk ialnhnk xzkgd ds ykHk ds fy, ?kfV;k
izfrHkwfr;ksa dks ykuk fQj mUgs cspuk 'kkfey FkkA egku
vFkZO;oLFkk ikWy daqxeSu us bls ywV dgk gSA
oSf'od vkfFkZd eanh ij fczVsu ds fopkj&fczVsu dh
egkjkuh ,sfytkcsFk us vkfFkZd eanh ds ckjs esa ,d loky fd;k
FkkA mUgksus yUnu Ldwy vkWQ bdkukWfeDlds eSusesaV foHkkx
ds 'kks/k funs'kd izks- yqbZ xfjdkuks ls iwNk Fkk fd fdlh O;fDr
us bl vkfFkZd ladV ij /;ku D;ksa ugh fn;k fczVsu
vFkZ'kkfL=;ksa ds vuqlkj ,d lewg vkB eghus rd bl loky
dk tokc [kkstus esa yxk jgkA varr% mudk tokc Fkk fd
[;kyh iqyko vkSj xqLRkk[kh dh blls eanh felky bfrgkl esa
48
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832, (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474, July, 2013 VOL-V * ISSUE -54
ugh feyrhA fczVsu lfgr nqfu;k Hkj ds reke izfr'kkyh yksx
bl ladV ds le; gn ,ao xEHkhjrk dks lebus esa foQy jgsA
;g lkQ gS fd 2008-09 ds vkfFkZd ladV dh otg eqB~BhHkj
izfrHkk'kkyh yksxksa dh ekuoh; foQyrk FkhA blls eqDr cktkj
dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds n'kZu ij vk/kkfjr orZeku vkfFkZd iz.kkyh
dk [krjukd tu fojk/kh psgjk Fkh mtkxj gks x;kA vesfjdk
cgqjk"Vªh; dEifu;ksa us fodkl'khy ns'kks ds yksxks dks flQZ ywVk
[klksVk gSA ,f'k;k vQzhdk ds ns'kks us mUgksus tks eqnzk dekbZ
mls vius vkSj mius ns'k ds Åij [kpZ fd;kA igys egk;q}
ds i'pkr~ vesfjdk us izfrfnu rjDdh dh rks mldh ,d otg
;g Fkh A dksbZ Hkh lkezkT; tc viuh Nk;k ls cM+k gksus yxrk
gS rks VqV tkrk gSA
eanh dk izHkko& vesfjdk es nqfu;k ds dqN rhu izfr'kr
yksx jgrs gSS tcfd iwjs fo'o esa [kius okyh 25 Qhlnh t#jrksa
dh phts ;gh bLrseky gksrh gSA ;g vlUrqyu ,d fnu csM+k
xdZ djus gh okyk FkkA vQlksl mlds fd;s dh ltk iwjh
nwfu;k Hkqxr jgh gSA vDlj yksx ;g loky iwNrs gS fd Hkkjr
dk D;k gksxk ;gkWa dh csjktxkjh dk vkdkj c<+ jgk gS cngky
yksx vkRegR;k dj jgs gS vkSj vk'kadkvksa ds vkdM+s fMisz'ku
QSyk jgs gaS A ges ;gkWa 1997 dh eanh dks ;kn j[kuk pkfg,A
bl le; vesfjdk MkWayj ij vk/kkfjr nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k ds
ns'k dadky gks jgs Fks flQZ FkkbyS.M ,slk Fkk ftlds yksx
mrus ugha fils Fks] ftrus muds iMkSlh D;ks otg lkQ Fkh
FkkbZ ifjokjksa dk <kWapk cgqr etcqr gS ;g <kWapk blfy, mruk
nenkj gS D;ksafd uhao ogkWa dh [ksrh ls tqM+h gSA d`f"k vk/kkfjr
O;oLFkk us FkkbyS.M dh j{kk dhA gekjs ;gkWa Hkh ,slk gh gSA
t#jr cl bruh gS fd ifjokj vkSj [ksrks esa ,d ckj Hkkjr
dks bldh gfjr ØfUr dh t#jr gSA
milagkj & Hkkjr tSls ns'k ds fodkl dks xfr nsus ds
fy, dq'ky foÙk izca/ku csgn cgqr t#jh gS ftl ns'k dk foÙk
izca/ku ftruk csgrj gksxk og vkfFkZd rkSj ij mruk gh
rkdroj gksxk A vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa vkSj foÙk izcU/k es lekt
ds lcls vkf[kj Nksj ij [kM+s O;fDr dks dsUnz esa j[kuk pkfg,A
dY;k.kdkjh vFkZ'kfL=;ksa ds erkuqlkj vkfFkZd uhfr;kWa ,slh
cuuh pkfg, tks O;kogkfjd rkSj ij n`<+ bPNk 'kfDr ds lkFk
vey esa ykbZ tk ldsA Hkkjr foÙk izcU/k dh n`<+ bPNk 'kkfUr
o vius izcU/k dkS'ky dh otg ls fo'o dh egku eanh ds
vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys csgÙkj fLFkfr esa jgk gSA
1 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk vkj- Mh- ekFkqj
2 lkekftd vkfFkZd <+kpk U;wtisij
3 Aksay, Ataman M. 1992" The Indian Trade Regimi.
4 Desh Pande L.K. 1992 Economic Liberalization and labour
5 Economic Reforms , Income Distribution and employment.

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  • 1. 47SHODH, SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832, (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474, July, 2013 VOL-V * ISSUE -54 izLrkouk& vesfjdh vFkZO;oLFkk 2008-09 esa xaHkhj ladV esa Qaldj ekSr ds dxkj ij igWaqp xbZ FkhA bles fiNyh lnh ds rhl ds n'kd dh egku eanh ds lkjs rRo ekStwn FksA jkstxkj] nkSyr vkSj mEehn ;kuh lkjh phts yxHkx lekIr gks xbZ FkhA vesfjdk ds bl ladV dk fodflr ns'kks dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij Hkh lh/kk vlj iM+kA ;wjksi dk dksbZ Hkh {ks= mlls vNqrk ugh jgkA cSafdx lsDVj] mMM;u] LVhy vkWVkseksckby] dEifu;kWa bR;kfn bldh pisV esa FkhA j{kk m|ksx] ehfM;k fu;ksDrk bySDVkWfuDl vkSj dEI;wVj fuekZrk dEiuh dk Hkh cgqr cqjk gky FkkA ;g cqjh [kcj iwjs ;wjksi es Hk;kud vkx dh rjg QSy xbZA egy 3.9 djksM+ dh vkcknh okys Lisu esa vdsys ,d eghus esa 200000 ukSdfj;ka pyh xbZA vk;jySaM esa vFkZO;oLFkk pjejk xbZA dzq} rFkk grk'k turk us vius usrkvksa dks bLrhQk nsus ds fy, etcwj dj fn;kA xzhl esa vius va/ kdkj e; Hkfo"; dks ns[krs gq, Nk=ks us fujUrj izn'kZu fd;kA Qzkal] bVyh teZuh iqrZxky vkSj fczVsu ess lM+dks ij O;kid fojks/k izn'kZu fd;kA Qzakl esa lkekftd va'kkfUr QSay xbZA ljdksth dk 26 vjc MkWyj dk izksRlkgu iSdst Hkh vFkZO;oLFkk esa dksbZ lq/kkj ugh yk ldkA rhu lky igys Lisu vkSj vk;kySaM ;wjks dh lcls rsth ls c<+us okyh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa 'kqekj FkkA ysfdu eanh dh ekj ls ,slk yxk fd os HkjHkjkdj fxj tk;sxhA NksVs iSekus ij 'kq# gqbZ vkfFkZd fuf'prk ckn esa oSf'od eanh esa cny xbZA mHkjrh vFkZO;oLFkkvksa esa ;g vka'kdk O;Dr dh tk jgh Fkh fd c<+rh csjkstxkjh ds dkj.k eqDr cktkj vkSj if'peh leFkZd uhfr;ksa dks R;kx fn;k tk;sxkA m/kj fodflr ns'kksa ess lkspk tk jgk Fkk fd csjkstxkjh ds dkj.k oSf'od cktkj dh dher ij LFkkuh; m|ksxks dh j{kk dh tk;sxhA blesa dksbZ nks jk; ugh fd ;wjksih; izksRlkgu iSdstkssa vkSj 17 Qjojh 2010 dks vesfjdk esa jk"Vªifr vkcksek }kjk gLrk{kfjr iSdst ?kjsyw dEifu;ksa dh lqj{kk ,oa lja{k.k oknh O;kikj ds fu;eu ds fy, ftl oSf'od foÙkh; iz.kkyh dk fuekZ.kZ gqvk Fkk] mls xEHkhj vk?kkr yxkA eanh ds dkj.k vesfjdk ds vkfFkZd ladV dh ;g vo/kkj.kk u dsoy v/kwjh gS cfYd vkt ds lUnHkZ esa mBk, x;s vge ,ao cqfu;knh loky mlesa 'kkfey ugh gSa vkfFkZd tekus esa iwWthoknh dh ehekalk fdl rjg tk, vkSj mlesa lq/kkj dSls gksxk D;k bl rjg dk iwthokn oSf'od vFkZO;oLFkk ds July,2013 fy, Bhd gS D;k jkT; dk iwWthokn ;k ekDlZokn orZeku O;oLFkk ds fodYi gS D;k ;g ladV mRiknu ds oSf'odj.k dh nsu gS vFkok if'pe ds dqN vxz.kh vkfFkZd fopkjdksa vkSj cqf}thfo;ksa ds vuqlkj ;g lH;rk dk ldV gS ;k ugh vkfn eqyHkwr iz'u tks fd oSf'od ds ek;ktky ls mHkjdj ekul iVy ds fy, fopkj.kh; gSA mUgksus bl ckr ij cy fn;k fd ladV ds cht ykyp ,ao Hk; us MkysA ;g ladV fo'okl dk ladV gSA rFkk eqDr cktkj dk iwwathokn lEiUu yksxks ds ?k`f.kr ykyp dk izfrQy gSA mudk ;g Hkh rdZ Fkk fd ladV dk ewy cM+s fuos'k ?kjkuksa czksdjsy QeksZ vkfn ds vuSfrd O;ogkj esa fufgr FkkA bl ladV ds dkj.k mUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh vkSj if'peh cSafdx laLFkku gSA ysfdu if'pe dk dguk gS fd ,f'k;kbZ dqizcU/k ds dkj.k ;g ladV iSnk gqvk D;ksafd if'pe esa vkcknh Bgj xbZ FkhA vkSj odZ QkszlZ esa rsth ls deh vkus yxh FkhA blds ifj.kke Lo#i Jfedksa okys jkstxkj ,f'k;k esa tkus yxs FksA ;g leL;k cSafdx txr ds u, usr`Ro dh vuSfrd vkpkj.k ls mHkjhA ;g vkfFkZd ladV jktuSfrd O;oLFkk] ehfM;k] jktuSfrd laLd`fr vkSj vuSfrdrk ds dkj.k iSnk gqbZ ftlls vesfjdk iksySaM ;wdzsu gaxkjh rFkk bVyh dh vFkZO;oLFkk rckg gks xbZA dbZ yksxksa dk ;gkWa rd ekuuk gS fd ljdkj dks feVkus] ns'k dk vfo"dkj djus rFkk bl rjg jktuSfrd vjktdrk iSnk djus dk izykscu cuk jgsxkA fdlh rjg dk jktuSfrd gLRk{ksi u gksus ij Hkh dqN yksxksa us bldk lansg gksxkA vkerkSj ij ;g leL;k gksxh fd vkfFkZd ladV dk ewy dkj.k vkfFkZd QSlyksa dks uSfrdrk ls vyx j[kuk vkSj /kks[kk/kM+h ;k QthZokM+k djuk FkkA bl /kks[kk/kM+h esa rckMrksM+ _.k ysuk tksf[ke ds ckjs esa u crkuk rFkk ialnhnk xzkgd ds ykHk ds fy, ?kfV;k izfrHkwfr;ksa dks ykuk fQj mUgs cspuk 'kkfey FkkA egku vFkZO;oLFkk ikWy daqxeSu us bls ywV dgk gSA oSf'od vkfFkZd eanh ij fczVsu ds fopkj&fczVsu dh egkjkuh ,sfytkcsFk us vkfFkZd eanh ds ckjs esa ,d loky fd;k FkkA mUgksus yUnu Ldwy vkWQ bdkukWfeDlds eSusesaV foHkkx ds 'kks/k funs'kd izks- yqbZ xfjdkuks ls iwNk Fkk fd fdlh O;fDr us bl vkfFkZd ladV ij /;ku D;ksa ugh fn;k fczVsu vFkZ'kkfL=;ksa ds vuqlkj ,d lewg vkB eghus rd bl loky dk tokc [kkstus esa yxk jgkA varr% mudk tokc Fkk fd [;kyh iqyko vkSj xqLRkk[kh dh blls eanh felky bfrgkl esa
  • 2. 48 International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN 0974-2832, (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474, July, 2013 VOL-V * ISSUE -54 ugh feyrhA fczVsu lfgr nqfu;k Hkj ds reke izfr'kkyh yksx bl ladV ds le; gn ,ao xEHkhjrk dks lebus esa foQy jgsA ;g lkQ gS fd 2008-09 ds vkfFkZd ladV dh otg eqB~BhHkj izfrHkk'kkyh yksxksa dh ekuoh; foQyrk FkhA blls eqDr cktkj dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds n'kZu ij vk/kkfjr orZeku vkfFkZd iz.kkyh dk [krjukd tu fojk/kh psgjk Fkh mtkxj gks x;kA vesfjdk cgqjk"Vªh; dEifu;ksa us fodkl'khy ns'kks ds yksxks dks flQZ ywVk [klksVk gSA ,f'k;k vQzhdk ds ns'kks us mUgksus tks eqnzk dekbZ mls vius vkSj mius ns'k ds Åij [kpZ fd;kA igys egk;q} ds i'pkr~ vesfjdk us izfrfnu rjDdh dh rks mldh ,d otg ;g Fkh A dksbZ Hkh lkezkT; tc viuh Nk;k ls cM+k gksus yxrk gS rks VqV tkrk gSA eanh dk izHkko& vesfjdk es nqfu;k ds dqN rhu izfr'kr yksx jgrs gSS tcfd iwjs fo'o esa [kius okyh 25 Qhlnh t#jrksa dh phts ;gh bLrseky gksrh gSA ;g vlUrqyu ,d fnu csM+k xdZ djus gh okyk FkkA vQlksl mlds fd;s dh ltk iwjh nwfu;k Hkqxr jgh gSA vDlj yksx ;g loky iwNrs gS fd Hkkjr dk D;k gksxk ;gkWa dh csjktxkjh dk vkdkj c<+ jgk gS cngky yksx vkRegR;k dj jgs gS vkSj vk'kadkvksa ds vkdM+s fMisz'ku QSyk jgs gaS A ges ;gkWa 1997 dh eanh dks ;kn j[kuk pkfg,A bl le; vesfjdk MkWayj ij vk/kkfjr nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k ds ns'k dadky gks jgs Fks flQZ FkkbyS.M ,slk Fkk ftlds yksx mrus ugha fils Fks] ftrus muds iMkSlh D;ks otg lkQ Fkh FkkbZ ifjokjksa dk <kWapk cgqr etcqr gS ;g <kWapk blfy, mruk nenkj gS D;ksafd uhao ogkWa dh [ksrh ls tqM+h gSA d`f"k vk/kkfjr O;oLFkk us FkkbyS.M dh j{kk dhA gekjs ;gkWa Hkh ,slk gh gSA t#jr cl bruh gS fd ifjokj vkSj [ksrks esa ,d ckj Hkkjr dks bldh gfjr ØfUr dh t#jr gSA milagkj & Hkkjr tSls ns'k ds fodkl dks xfr nsus ds fy, dq'ky foÙk izca/ku csgn cgqr t#jh gS ftl ns'k dk foÙk izca/ku ftruk csgrj gksxk og vkfFkZd rkSj ij mruk gh rkdroj gksxk A vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa vkSj foÙk izcU/k es lekt ds lcls vkf[kj Nksj ij [kM+s O;fDr dks dsUnz esa j[kuk pkfg,A dY;k.kdkjh vFkZ'kfL=;ksa ds erkuqlkj vkfFkZd uhfr;kWa ,slh cuuh pkfg, tks O;kogkfjd rkSj ij n`<+ bPNk 'kfDr ds lkFk vey esa ykbZ tk ldsA Hkkjr foÙk izcU/k dh n`<+ bPNk 'kkfUr o vius izcU/k dkS'ky dh otg ls fo'o dh egku eanh ds vU; ns'kksa ds eqdkcys csgÙkj fLFkfr esa jgk gSA 1 Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk vkj- Mh- ekFkqj 2 lkekftd vkfFkZd <+kpk U;wtisij 3 Aksay, Ataman M. 1992" The Indian Trade Regimi. 4 Desh Pande L.K. 1992 Economic Liberalization and labour 5 Economic Reforms , Income Distribution and employment.