This document summarizes the history of Kenya and its diversity of ethnic groups, as well as the history of Indians in Kenya. It notes that Kenya had 42 ethnic groups who generally lived peacefully until post-election violence in 2008. It discusses how Kenya was a British colony and borrowed elements of its governance from Britain. It then provides details on the history of Indians in Kenya, including their role in building the railway system and establishing towns and commerce across the country in the late 19th/early 20th centuries. It discusses the challenges Indians faced after Kenyan independence, including restrictions on citizenship and exclusion from certain areas.

2. AFRICAN AMERICAN OF INDIAN ORIGIN

4. Kenya is a country of diversity just like USA.
It has varied cultures and traditions. Kenya
has 42 ethnic groups, and have lived
peacefully except in 2008 when post
election violence erupted due to flawed
election. Like US, Kenya was a colony of
Great Britain from where they have
borrowed various elements of governance
based on British Commonwealth
traditions. Dr John Mwaruvie

6. Jomo Kenyatta
(1889 - 1978), prime minister of Kenya "When the white man
came we had the land and they had the Bible. They taught us to
pray with our eyes closed and when we opened them, they had
the land and we had the Bible."

7. Lunatic express/Uganda railway
1896-1901
23,000 expatriate Indians
6234 remained
180,000 at the time of independence

10. The lions, dubbed "the Maneaters of Tsavo,"
were eventually shot and killed by the bridge
construction supervisor, Engineer Lt. Colonel
John Henry Patterson, who had their skins
made into rugs before selling them, some
years later, to the Field Museum of Natural
History in Chicago for $5,000 US.

14. LEGCO
• The Indian becomes Asian
– Separation of Indians classifications

15. Imported Indian skilled labor built the railway line from
the Coast to the Great Lake, opening the interior for
English settlement. Every railroad station, from
Mombasa to Kisumu, initially depots for the building
material, mushroomed into town mainly because of the
Indian traders who provided much needed services to
the workers initially but in time, to the community
around. If European settlers opened the land for large-
scale farming for export, the Indian opened the towns
and cities for retail and wholesale commerce. Ngugi wa
Thiongo
Retail and Wholesale Commerce

16. An exception seems to have been made for Dr.
Riberio. He managed to train a zebra, and ride
him around town for house calls.. A photo of
Dr. Riberio on his famous zebra is included in
the 1950 Souvenir Brochure of Nairobi City to
convince skeptics of this account

17. PIO GAMA PINTO
A faithful son of Kenya who
fought for the Independence
of Kenya alongside great
stalwarts like Mzee Jomo
Kenyatta

18. Coming of Independence
• Throughgood Marshall 1963/ Supreme Court
1967
• Indian Penal code/unmarried female
• Tribal codes Wambui Otieno, S.M.
Otieno/1987 buried in Nyamila
• Hair style

19. 1964 the government of Kenya adopted an "Africanization"
or "Kenyanization", plan to replace non-citizens with citizens
in key areas of the economy. [ George Thomas Kurian, Encyclopedia of the Third World, Vol.2,
(New York: Facts on File Inc., 1987), p.1047.]
The Trade Licensing Act of 1967 provides for the exclusion of
"non-citizens from various trades and professions and from
all but five specified General Trading (geographic) areas. The
legislation is specifically framed to exclude non-citizens". [ Rhoda
E. Howard, Human Rights in Commonwealth Africa, (New Jersey: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, 1986), p.102.]
Post Independence Kenya

20. The Commonwealth Immigrants Bill was moved on 27
February, and it was
passed by (British) parliament on 1 March 1968.
The Kenyan Asians’ episode was a political crisis of tremendous
significance. Politically, it was of immeasurable consequence
for the life chances of Asians who were unable to scramble
through the closing door ; intellectually, it is a sort of prism
through which several broader currents of post-war British
political history are illuminated.
The Commonwealth
Immigrants Bill

21. Although Asians with Kenyan citizenship enjoyed some statutory
protection (though little social acceptance), those without soon
felt the tightening vice. Their work permits were gradually
withdrawn, and they found themselves squeezed out of the
Kenyan economy. The Kenyan Immigration Act, 1967,
required all those without Kenyan citizenship to acquire work
permits; a Trade Licensing Act passed in the same year limited the
areas of the country in which non-Kenyans could engage in trade;
and Asians in the civil service were sacked in favor of Africans.
Without a future in Africa, and with no right (or,
in many cases, strong inclination) to migrate to
India or Pakistan,
they began to travel to England. In early 1967,
Kenyan Asians were arriving at the rate of
approximately 1,000 per month

22. 1972 UGANDA EXPULSION OF ASIANS

23. Ethnic Discord /Hostility in
Uganda : Expelled 20 years
ago by Idi Amin, they are
starting to reclaim their land
and property.
August 17, 1993
TAMMERLIN DRUMMOND |
TIMES STAFF WRITER
UGANDA:
Unprecedented Move

25. TRANSFORMATIONS

26. The Kenyan operations
of the Bank achieved a
Profit Before Tax of
Kshs 4.7 Billion
reflecting a 6% growth
over 2011 as total
assets grew by 19% to
Kshs 91.5 Billion.

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