Classification of Crop Plants.pptClassification of Crop Plants

1. Classification of Crop Plants

2. Reference
 Principles of Agricultural Ecology by Dhaliwal
G S & Kler D S 630.275.5 D 38 P
pp 196 - 205

3. According to
1. Botanical relationship
2. Economic use (Agronomic)
3. Growing season
4. Life cycle
5. Special purposes
6. Cultural practices
7. Climatic requirements

4. 1. Botanical Classification
Plant taxonomy : The science of
identifying, naming and
classifying plants (by using data
from morphological, anatomical,
physiological, phytochemical,
cytological, evolutionary sources
etc).

5.  Seven general groups in
botanical classification of plants
 Each group is called taxon
The binomial system of
nomenclature is based
on these two groups

8. Classifying and naming plants is a science
governed by international rules
 International Board of Plant Nomenclature
 Latin language is used in naming plants e.g. alba (white),
variegata (variegated), rubrum (red), aureum (golden), vulgaris
(common), esculentus (edible), sativus (cultivated), tuberosum
(tuber bearing), officinalis (medicinal)
 Class names end in opsida (e.g. Magnoliopsida), Orders in ales
(e.g. Rosales) and families in aceae (e.g. Poaceae)

9. Specific rules for writing scientific names
1. Underlined or written in italics (because the words are non –
English
2. The genus name must start with an uppercase and the
species always with a lowercase letter. The term species is
both singular and plural and may be shortened to sp. and
spp.
3. The scientist who first named the plant adds his or her initial
to the binary name. If revised later the person is identified
later after first person e.g. Glycine max L. Merr
4. Generic name may be abbreviated and can stand alone.
However the specific epithet cannot stand alone. E.g. Zea
mays, Z. mays. Zea but not mays

10. 1. Gramineae or grass family : wheat, rice, barley,
sorghum, oats, rye, maize, bajra, sugarcane etc.
2. Leguminoseae or pea family: gram, peas, lentil,
soybean, groundnut, dhaincha etc.
3. Crucifereae or mustard family: cabbage,
cauliflower, turnip, radish, sarson etc.
4. Cucurbitaceae or gourd family: Watermelon, tinda,
cucumber, bitter gourd, muskmelon, pumpkin etc.
5. Liliaceae or lily family: onion, garlic, tulip etc.
6. Solanaceae or potato family: potato, brinjal, chillies,
tomato, tobacco etc.
7. Malvaceae or cotton family: Cotton, okra etc.
8. Compositeae : sunflower, safflower etc.

11. 9. Euphorbiaceae or castor family: castor,
olive
10. Convolvulaceae or morning glory family:
sweet potato etc.
11. Aroideae: arum etc.
12. Zingiberaceae: ginger, turmeric etc.
13. Tiliaceae: linseed etc.
14. Umbelliferae: carrot, coriander
15. Labiatae: mint, basil etc.

12. 2. Economic classification

13. 1. Cereals: wheat, barley, corn, oats, rye
2. Legumes or pulses
3. Forages
4. Oilseeds
5. Vegetables
6. Fibres: cotton, flax, sunhemp
7. Sugar: sugarcane, sugarbeet
8. Starch: potato, sweet potato, tapioca
9. Fruits
10. Dyes: indigo, safflower
11. Stimulants: tea, coffee, poppy, tobacco
12. Spices & condiments: pepper, ginger, turmeric,
coriander, garlic, cardamom, saffron

14. 3 According to Growing Season
 Kharif
 Rabi
 Zaid Kharif eg Toria
 Zaid Rabi eg Sathi moong, Sathi maize

15. 4 According to life cycle
 Annuals
 Biennial eg sugar beet, onion
 Perennials eg Sugarcane, Lucerne

16. 5 Special Purpose
Based on the suitability of the crop for more than one purpose
 Green Manure crops
 Cover crops: Guara
 Catch/Emergency crops
 Soiling crops: Berseem,Bajra,Senji
 Silage crops: Maize, Sorghum, NBH
 Companion/Inter crops
 Mixed crops
 Border crops
 Trap crops
 Sod crops
 Nurse crops
 Truck crops

17. 6 Cultural Requirements
 Row crops: Maize, Cotton, Sugarcane
 Solid Drilled crops: Wheat Barley, Oats
 Ridge Sown: Winter maize, Cotton, Radish,
Turnip
 Bed Sown: Cucurbits
 Flat Sown
 Transplanted

18. 7 Climatic Requirement/Adaptation
 Temperate
 Tropical