The document discusses the evolution of 3D printing technology, tracing key milestones from the first printed objects to modern developments like 3D-printed organs and adapters for children's construction toys. It highlights the role of platforms such as Shapeways and Thingiverse in enabling public access to 3D models and the significance of the free universal construction kit in promoting interoperability among construction toys. The document concludes by addressing the broader implications of technological advancements on knowledge structures and society.

1. 3D-DRUCKEN
PETER PURGATHOFER
INSTITUT FÜR GESTALTUNGS- UND WIRKUNGSFORSCHUNG
INFORMATIK/TU WIEN

2. FDM - FUSED DEPOSITION MODELING
ZUREKS/WIKIPEDIA

3. GRANULAR MATERIALS BINDING, ZB SLS
MATERIALGEEZA, WIKIPEDIA

4. STEREOLITHOGRAPHIE
LAURENSVANLIESHOUT/WIKIPEDIA

5. KLEINSTE / GRÖSSTE GEDRUCKTE OBJEKTE
TU WIEN / NORTHWESTERN POLYTECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, CHINA

6. CONTOUR CRAFTING
COOPER-HEWITT NATIONAL DESIGN MUSEUM

7. HYPE CYCLE FOR EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
GARTNER GROUP

8. 1982 - erstes »gedrucktes« objekt publiziert
1984 - erste kernpatente angemeldet
1992 - marktreife 3d-drucker
2002 - funktionsfähige niere gedruckt
2005 - gründung von reprap
2008 - shapeways bietet markt für 3d-modelle
2009 - erste DIY drucker am markt
2014 - gedruckte flugzeugteile im einsatz

10. BURG
PURGATHOFER/MINECRAFT

11. SMARTER STAND FOR IPHONE
KICKSTARTER.COM

12. SMARTER STAND FOR IPHONE
KICKSTARTER.COM

13. SMARTER STAND FOR IPHONE
KICKSTARTER.COM

14. Got an Android phone?
»I have filed a US Patent for the very unique way this
product works and I am considering making more
versions for popular Android phones.
My dilemma is that each device does require a
slightly different shape for the Smarter Stand and
tooling for many different versions can get
expensive.«

15. MATERIALKOSTEN: <20c
DRUCKZEIT: 15min
SAME STAND FOR IPHONE 4S
…

16. FIGUR »LINK« AUS DER COMPUTERSPIEL-REIHE »ZELDA«

18. »So, I like to make things, and I made a cube similar to the one
seen in Paramount Pictures's Super 8. This got me into trouble.
!
I designed the 3D cad file,
uploaded it to Shapeways,
ordered one, and promptly
(18 hours later) got a
Cease and Desist email
letter from Paramount's
lawyers telling me to
take down the file.«
!
27. Juni 2011

19. HEUTE AUF SHAPEWAYS GESEHEN…

20. CYLON RAIDER
BATTLESTAR GALACTICA

21. CYLON RAIDER
BATTLESTAR GALACTICA

22. COLONIAL VIPER
BATTLESTAR GALACTICA

23. PS:
PAPER CLIP TO SET UP SIMPLE PHOTO BACKGROUND
THINGIVERSE.COM

24. FIRST RECORDED PULSAR
THINGIVERSE.COM

25. UNKNOWN PLEASURES RECORD COVER
JOY DIVISION

26. GOLDENE NIKE
THINGIVERSE.COM

27. BRUNO KREISKY
CHRISTINE PILLHOFER/123D CATCH

28. BRUNO KREISKY
CHRISTINE PILLHOFER/123D CATCH

32. FENSTERSCHLÜSSEL

33. EINKAUFSWAGEN MÜNZSCHLOSS

34. DUPLICATING HOUSE KEYS ON A 3D PRINTER
HTTP://ECLECTI.CC/HARDWARE/PHYSICAL-KEYGEN-DUPLICATING-HOUSE-KEYS-ON-

35. 3D PRINTED CAR KEY
HTTP://WWW.PRSNLZ.ME/MAKER/3D-PRINTING-A-WORKING-CAR-KEY/

36. …

37. GETRIEBELAGER
THINGIVERSE.COM

38. »FRANZOSE«
THINGIVERSE.COM

39. URBEE - FIRST 3D PRINTED CAR
KOR ECOLOGIC

40. URBEE - FIRST 3D PRINTED CAR
KOR ECOLOGIC

41. »LEGO«

42. CORNER BRICKS
THINGIVERSE.COM

43. UNIVERSAL CONSTRUCTION KIT
FFFFF.AT

44. FFFFF.AT

45. The Universal Adapter Brick
of the Free Universal Construction Kit
The F.A.T. Lab and Sy-Lab present the Free Universal Construction Kit, a collection of adapter bricks that enable complete interoperability
between ten* popular children’s construction toys. By allowing any piece to join to any other, the Kit encourages new forms of interplay between
otherwise closed systems — enabling the creation of previously impossible designs, and more creative opportunities for kids. The Kit adapters
can be downloaded from Thingiverse.com and other sharing sites as a set of 3D models in .STL format, suitable for reproduction by personal
fabrication systems. >>> For more information, please see: http://fffff.at/free-universal-construction-kit.
®
lo
Dup
ik
echn ®
hert K’Nex
Fisc
Godtfred K. Christiansen
US Pat. 3597875 / Aug. 10, 1971
Artur Fischer
US Pat. 3464147 / Sep. 19, 1966
®
Joel Glickman & M. Doepner
US Pat. 5061219 / Dec. 11, 1990
®
Kr
Lego
®
®
ol
Logs
oy
coln Tinkert ZomeTo Zoob
Lin
Walter Heubl
US Pat. 3603025 / Sep. 30, 1968
Godtfred K. Christiansen
US Pat. 3005282 / Jul. 28, 1958
John Lloyd Wright
US Pat. 1351086 / Jan.8, 1920
®
s
inkle
®
Charles H. Pajeau
US Pat. 1113371 / Jul. 8, 1914
®
Steven Rogers & P. Hildebrandt
US Pat. 6840699 / Nov. 1, 2002*
Michael J. Grey
US Pat. 5897417 / Dec. 11, 1996*
Du
(Lego to Duplo
already supported
by manufacturer)
(Duplo to Duplo)
uck-00f01m
uck-00f03m
uck-00f04m
plo
uck-00f06m
uck-00f07m
uck-00f08m
®
uck-00f09m
Fis
che
(Fischertechnik to
Fischertechnik)
rte
chn
ik
®
uck-01f06m
uck-01f00m
uck-01f03m
uck-01f04m
uck-01f05m
uck-01f07m
uck-01f08m
uck-01f09m
G
G ear
Ge ears! s!
ars
!
®
uck-02f00m
uck-02f01m
uck-02f03m
uck-02f04m
uck-02f05m
uck-02f06m
uck-02f07m
uck-02f08m
uck-02f09m
K’N
ex
(K’Nex to K’Nex)
uck-03f00m
uck-03f04m
uck-03f01m
uck-03f05m
uck-03f08m
uck-03f06m
®
uck-03f09m
uck-03f07m
Kri
nk
les
(Krinkles to Krinkles)
uck-04f00m
uck-04f01m
uck-04f05m
uck-04f03m
uck-04f08m
uck-04f06m
uck-04f07m
(Lego to Duplo
already supported
by manufacturer)
Leg
o
(Lego to Lego)
uck-05f01m
uck-05f03m
uck-05f04m
uck-05f06m
uck-05f07m
uck-05f08m
uck-06f01m
uck-06f03m
uck-06f04m
uck-06f05m
Lin
c
oln
uck-06f07m
uck-06f08m
uck-07f01m
uck-07f03m
uck-07f04m
uck-07f05m
Tin
uck-07f08m
oy
®
uck-07f09m
uck-07f06m
Zo
me
uck-08f03m
uck-08f04m
uck-08f05m
uck-08f06m
uck-08f07m
(Zoob to Zoob)
uck-09f03m
uck-09f04m
uck-09f05m
uck-09f06m
uck-09f07m
Too
l
uck-08f09m
uck-08f00m
uck-09f01m
s
ker
t
(ZomeTool to
ZomeTool)
uck-08f01m
Log
uck-06f09m
(Tinkertoy to
Tinkertoy)
uck-07f00m
®
uck-05f09m
(Lincoln Logs to
Lincoln Logs)
uck-06f00m
®
uck-04f09m
Zo
ob
®
uck-09f08m
uck-09f00m
The Free Universal Construction Kit is licensed under and subject to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the Kit, and to remix and/or adapt the Kit; in doing so, you must attribute the Kit to “F.A.T. Lab and Sy-Lab”. Please note
that extensions to the Kit require the same or similar license. You may not use the Kit for commercial purposes. For inquiries, please contact info@adapterz.org.
Lego®, Duplo®, Fischertechnik®, Gears! Gears! Gears!®, K’Nex®, Krinkles®, Bristle Blocks®, Lincoln Logs®, Tinkertoys®, Zome®, ZomeTool® and Zoob®
are trademarks of their respective owners. The Free Universal Construction Kit is not associated or affiliated with, or endorsed, sponsored, certified or approved by, any of
the foregoing owners or their respective products. The Kit is represented, for legal purposes, by Adapterz, LLC.
*
Two construction playsets nominally supported by the Kit are still
protected (as of March 2012) by active patents: Zoob (patented 1996)
and ZomeTool (patented 2002). For the Zoob and Zome systems,
please note that we have delayed the release of adapter
models until December 2016 and November 2022, respectively.
®
®

46. OLYMPIC LEGO RINGS
THINGIVERSE.COM

47. CUSTOM-PRINTED ANTIMICROBIAL NYLON INSOLES
SOLS.CO

48. CUSTOM-PRINTED ANTIMICROBIAL NYLON INSOLES
SOLS

49. TRANSPARENTE ZAHNSPANGE
DR-HANSER.COM

50. FIRST 3D-PRINTED BIONIC ORGAN
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY

53. 3D PRINTED BRAILLE
THINGIVERSE.COM

54. 3D PRINTED BRAILLE
V01PE.GITHUB.IO/TEXT2BRAILLE3D/

55. 3D PRINTED BRAILLE
YEGGI.COM

56. 3D PRINTED BRAILLE
YEGGI.COM

57. ROBOHAND
RICHARD VAN AS, IVAN OWEN

58. ROBOHAND
RICHARD VAN AS, IVAN OWEN

59. ROBOHAND
RICHARD VAN AS, IVAN OWEN

60. ROBOHAND
RICHARD VAN AS, IVAN OWEN

61. ROBOHAND
RICHARD VAN AS, IVAN OWEN

62. »In wechselseitiger Annäherung und Durchdringung sind die modernen
Techniken kognitiver (und dadurch vermeintlich ›intelligenter‹), die
modernen Denkformen und Wissensarten technischer und künstlicher
geworden.
[…]
Diese Entwicklungen bewirken einen tiefgreifenden Wandel der
Wissensordnung, den wir erst allmählich in seinen Auswirkungen
erkennen und auf den wir bislang nur reagieren. Es kommt darauf an,
dem Wandel der Wissensordnung auf breiter Front mit angemessenen
und ausgearbeiteten philosophischen, politischen und auch technischen
Konzepten schöpferisch zu begegnen, im Hinblick auf die erforderlichen
Ordnungsmaßnahmen.«
!
Helmut Spinner, Die neue Wissensordnung, 1994

63. DANKE FÜR IHRE AUFMERKSAMKEIT
PETER PURGATHOFER-@PETERPUR