The document discusses graphs in physics and their use in representing relationships between variables. It provides examples of plotting graphs from experimental data and determining equations that fit the graphs. Specifically, it examines relationships in the forms y=axn and y=aekx, showing how to plot log-log or log-linear graphs to determine constants like a, n, k. Examples shown include determining the acceleration of a vehicle from its change in velocity over a set distance and using a pendulum graph to find the gravitational acceleration and original pendulum length.
The document discusses analyzing relationships and graphs in physics. It provides examples of checking the homogeneity and validity of equations using SI units. Graphs of direct and inverse proportionalities are examined. Examples are given of interpreting the gradient and y-intercept of graphs representing physical relationships like motion, springs, and capacitors discharging. Students are asked to analyze equations, sketch graphs, and explain the physical meaning of graph properties.
Quantities, Units, Order of Magnitude, Estimations.pptxAizereSeitjan
1. The document discusses physical quantities and units in the International System of Units (SI), including base units like meters, kilograms, and seconds.
2. It describes scientific notation and prefixes like milli, centi, and kilo that are used to indicate multiples or fractions of units.
3. Examples are provided for estimating quantities by their order of magnitude rather than precise values, such as distances in the solar system or ages of astronomical objects.
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Similar to 3-4 Объем, боковая и полная поверхность пирамиды.ppt
The document discusses graphs in physics and their use in representing relationships between variables. It provides examples of plotting graphs from experimental data and determining equations that fit the graphs. Specifically, it examines relationships in the forms y=axn and y=aekx, showing how to plot log-log or log-linear graphs to determine constants like a, n, k. Examples shown include determining the acceleration of a vehicle from its change in velocity over a set distance and using a pendulum graph to find the gravitational acceleration and original pendulum length.
The document discusses analyzing relationships and graphs in physics. It provides examples of checking the homogeneity and validity of equations using SI units. Graphs of direct and inverse proportionalities are examined. Examples are given of interpreting the gradient and y-intercept of graphs representing physical relationships like motion, springs, and capacitors discharging. Students are asked to analyze equations, sketch graphs, and explain the physical meaning of graph properties.
Quantities, Units, Order of Magnitude, Estimations.pptxAizereSeitjan
1. The document discusses physical quantities and units in the International System of Units (SI), including base units like meters, kilograms, and seconds.
2. It describes scientific notation and prefixes like milli, centi, and kilo that are used to indicate multiples or fractions of units.
3. Examples are provided for estimating quantities by their order of magnitude rather than precise values, such as distances in the solar system or ages of astronomical objects.
11. — Сумма площадей боковых граней
пирамиды называется площадью её
боковой поверхности
— Сумма площадей всех граней
(и основания и боковых граней),
называется площадью полной
поверхности пирамиды
Sполн. = Sосн.+ Sбок.
12. Задача 1
РABCD — пирамида
Дано:
ABCD — параллелограмм
SABCD = 360 cм2,
Решение:
1) AB = CD,
АВ = 20 см,
2) BC = AD, PD = PB, АР = РС ⇒ ΔBPC = ΔAPD
3) HQ ⏊ CD, HM ⏊ AD
Ответ: Sбок. = 768 см2
Найти: Sбок.
AD = 36 см
AC ∩ BD = H ⇒ AH = HC, BH = HD
PH = 12 см
7) Sбок. = SAPD + SABP + SBPC + SDPC ⇒Sбок. = 2(SAPD + SDPC) =
= 2 (234 + 150)= 2 (240 + 150) = 2 · 384 = 768 (см2)
P
A
B C
D
20 см
36 см
PH — высота H
12 см
PD = PB, AP = PC ⇒ ΔABP = ΔDPC
⇒ PQ ⏊ CD, PM ⏊ AD
Q
M
F
K
16. Теорема
Объём пирамиды равен одной трети произведения площади
основания на высоту
I. Дано:
V — объём
ОАВС — пирамида
Доказательство:
2) OX: h ∈ OX
ОМ2 = h (высота пирамиды)
S — площадь ΔАВС
∆OA1B1 ∼ ∆OAB ⇒
Теорема доказана
А1В1С1 ∥ ABC
ОМ1 = x, M ∈ ΔА1В1С1
S(x) — площадь сечения
5) ΔОАС: А1С1∥ АС
6) ΔОСB: В1С1∥ ВС
7) ΔОА1М1 и ΔОАМ2 — прямоуг.
(ОМ1 и ОМ2 ∈ h, ∠О — общий)
3) ∆А1В1С1 ∼ ∆ABC
4) ∆OAB: A1B1 ∥ AB ⇒
∆OA1C1 ∼ ∆OAC
∆OB1C1 ∼ ∆OBC
ΔОА1М1 ∼ ΔОАМ2
∆А1В1С1 ∼ ∆ABC
h
O
A1 B1
C1
B
A
C
M2
M1
17. Теорема
Объём пирамиды равен одной трети произведения площади
основания на высоту
II. Дано:
h — высота пирамиды
OABCDF — пирамида
1) Разобьём пирамиду
OABCDF на треугольные
OABC, OACD, OADF
Доказательство:
S — площадь АВСDF
3) ADCO: ADC — основание
h — высота
Теорема доказана
2) AFDO: AFD — основание
h —высота
4) ABCO: ABC — основания
h — высоту
O
A
B
C
D
F
S
h
V = VAFDO + VADCO + VABCO