The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Este documento describe una tienda de juguetes artesanales que busca sacarle una sonrisa a los niños. La tienda emplea a personas con discapacidad y fabrica juguetes a mano de alta calidad a precios más bajos que las tiendas convencionales. La tienda se encuentra en una zona céntrica y transitada de Huelva.
Flowers contain male and female parts that work together to reproduce seeds. Pollen from the male part must be transferred to the female part through pollination by wind or animals. This allows reproduction to occur, resulting in seeds protected inside fruits. Seeds are dispersed from the fruits and germinate into new plants when they receive water, nutrients, and the right temperature conditions. The plant life cycle then continues as seeds grow into new plants.
Soils are mixtures of rock particles, organic matter, air, and water that support plant growth. The type of soil depends on the size of its particles, with sandy soil having large particles and many air gaps allowing for good drainage, clay soil having tiny particles and few air gaps so it drains poorly, and silt soil being intermediate. Different plant types grow best in different soil types depending on their drainage and composition.
Minerals are found in rocks and there are over 3000 known types of minerals. Minerals have different properties like color, hardness, streak, and luster that can be used to identify them. There are three main types of rocks: igneous rocks which form from cooling magma or lava, sedimentary rocks which form from compressed and cemented sediment, and metamorphic rocks which form from other rocks being subjected to heat and pressure below the earth's surface. Common rocks like granite, shale, and marble are used for construction materials, building monuments, and other purposes due to their unique properties.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Este documento describe una tienda de juguetes artesanales que busca sacarle una sonrisa a los niños. La tienda emplea a personas con discapacidad y fabrica juguetes a mano de alta calidad a precios más bajos que las tiendas convencionales. La tienda se encuentra en una zona céntrica y transitada de Huelva.
Flowers contain male and female parts that work together to reproduce seeds. Pollen from the male part must be transferred to the female part through pollination by wind or animals. This allows reproduction to occur, resulting in seeds protected inside fruits. Seeds are dispersed from the fruits and germinate into new plants when they receive water, nutrients, and the right temperature conditions. The plant life cycle then continues as seeds grow into new plants.
Soils are mixtures of rock particles, organic matter, air, and water that support plant growth. The type of soil depends on the size of its particles, with sandy soil having large particles and many air gaps allowing for good drainage, clay soil having tiny particles and few air gaps so it drains poorly, and silt soil being intermediate. Different plant types grow best in different soil types depending on their drainage and composition.
Minerals are found in rocks and there are over 3000 known types of minerals. Minerals have different properties like color, hardness, streak, and luster that can be used to identify them. There are three main types of rocks: igneous rocks which form from cooling magma or lava, sedimentary rocks which form from compressed and cemented sediment, and metamorphic rocks which form from other rocks being subjected to heat and pressure below the earth's surface. Common rocks like granite, shale, and marble are used for construction materials, building monuments, and other purposes due to their unique properties.
Thermal energy is the energy of moving particles that causes heat. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects when they are at different temperatures. The document discusses conductors and insulators - materials that easily allow heat to pass through them are conductors like metals and materials that do not are insulators like rubber, wood, and paper. Common examples of conductors and insulators are provided.
The document discusses different forces exerted by water and air. There are two main forces of water: upthrust force, which causes objects to float, and water resistance, which pushes against moving objects in water. Air also exerts forces, including air resistance, which slows down moving objects by pushing against them, with larger objects experiencing greater resistance. Air resistance can be useful, as seen with parachutes which use the force of air to slow a falling object.
1) Forces cause objects to move or change their motion. Applying an unbalanced force makes an object start moving, while balanced or cancelled out forces will not cause motion.
2) Friction is a type of force that opposes motion when two surfaces are touching, causing moving objects to slow down and stop. The amount of friction depends on the surfaces and how rough or smooth they are.
3) Mass and gravity determine an object's weight, with heavier objects having greater weight. Weight can be measured using a force meter or spring scale.
The document discusses magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Magnetic materials include metals like iron, nickel, cobalt and steel that are attracted to magnets. Non-magnetic materials include aluminum, silver, gold, paper, glass, plastic, rubber and wood that are not attracted to magnets. It provides examples of different objects and whether they are magnetic or non-magnetic when tested with a magnet.
To safely handle magnets, wear protective eyewear and gloves to avoid injury from breaking or flying pieces. Handle magnets gently by slowly bringing them together and avoiding dropping or banging them, which can reduce their strength. Store magnets away from devices, tapes, cards, and screens where magnetic fields can cause damage or distortion. Also, keep magnets dry and do not heat them.
Magnets have been known since ancient times when a shepherd named Magnus discovered that an unusual black rock had the power to pull iron objects like his staff and sandal nails towards it. This became known as the first recorded discovery of a magnet. Different types of magnets exist, with some able to attract or repel other magnets depending on which poles (north or south) are placed close together. Magnets have been studied for centuries but still hold mysterious properties about the forces they exert.
Magnets are made of iron, nickel, cobalt, or steel. To preserve a bar magnet long term, you should store it with another magnet to maintain its magnetic field. When a magnet breaks, its magnetic field also breaks into smaller fields in each broken piece. An electromagnet generates a magnetic field through a coil of wire when electric current passes through; placing an iron core inside the coil strengthens the magnetic field. Materials can be magnetic, like iron, cobalt, and nickel, or non-magnetic, like aluminum, copper, glass, plastic, and wood.
The document discusses the properties of iron and magnets at the particle level. It asks questions about what iron particles look like, how iron is attracted to magnets, what magnets are made of, and how to preserve a bar magnet long-term. It prompts the reader to draw diagrams of magnetic fields with arrows and labels to illustrate the alignment of iron particles when brought near a magnet.
The document discusses series and parallel circuits. It provides examples of series circuits with one path and defines that if one light bulb is removed, the circuit is open and other bulbs will not light. Parallel circuits are defined as having more than one path, and if one light bulb is removed, the current passes through another path and the other bulb will still light. The document draws examples of both series and parallel circuits.
This document provides safety tips for handling electricity, advising to not play with electric sockets or plugs, not to touch electricity with wet hands, and to avoid poking fingers or other objects into electric sockets, toasters, or other appliances.
This document discusses series and parallel circuits and the properties of conductors and insulators. It explains that in a series circuit, if one bulb is removed the other bulb will not light, while in a parallel circuit the other bulbs will still light if one is removed. It provides examples of materials that are conductors, like silver, copper and aluminum, and insulators, like plastic, rubber and glass. It then has questions to determine if examples provided are conductors or insulators.
This document discusses the basics of electricity and electrical circuits. It explains that electricity is the flow of electric charges through a wire, just as water flows through a river. An electrical circuit needs three main components - a power source like a battery, a load such as a light bulb, and wires or other connectors to complete the circuit. It also discusses concepts like open versus closed circuits, and how changing components like batteries or bulbs affects brightness. Symbols are introduced for common circuit elements. Worksheets are included to have the reader draw sample circuits.
The document discusses the basics of static electricity and atoms. It explains that atoms are made up of positively and negatively charged particles that attract or repel depending on their charges. Static electricity occurs when objects come into contact and transfer electrons, resulting in an imbalance of charges. Examples given include rubbing a balloon or ruler to build up an excess of electrons, causing it to stick to other surfaces. Lightning is also described as a large-scale discharge of built up static charges between storm clouds and the ground.
The document discusses reversible and irreversible changes. Reversible changes can go forward and backward, such as folding paper or melting butter. Irreversible changes cannot go backward, like burning wood or rusting iron. Examples are provided of changes that are reversible, like freezing orange juice or dissolving salt in water, and those that are irreversible, including burning a matchstick or toasting bread.
This document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes and provides examples of evidence of irreversible chemical changes. Specifically, it notes that physical changes are reversible while chemical changes are irreversible. It then lists four main types of evidence that can indicate an irreversible chemical change has occurred: 1) a change in color, 2) a change in scent, 3) the presence of bubbles or fizzing, and 4) heat being released or absorbed during the change. Examples like iron rusting and silver tarnishing are given as illustrations of changes in color, while toasting marshmallows represents a change in scent.
The food pyramid outlines the major food groups including carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, protein, and oils. It recommends filling your plate with fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat to create a balanced meal and get the necessary nutrients. A balanced meal incorporates foods from all the major food groups.
There are three main types of teeth: incisors, canines, and molars. Incisors are flat teeth located at the front of the mouth that cut food. Canines are sharp, pointed teeth on the sides of the mouth after the incisors that hold and tear food. Molars are flat, wide teeth located at the back of the mouth that grind and chew food. Humans have two sets of teeth, milk (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Milk teeth number 20 total while permanent teeth number 32 total. Bacteria in the mouth feed on sugar from leftover food and produce acid that causes tooth decay if plaque is not removed by brushing.
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. There are three main states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases. The state that matter exists in depends on how closely or loosely packed the particles are and the strength of attraction between the particles. Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, and gases have indefinite shapes and volumes. Matter can change between states, such as ice melting into water when heat is applied, changing the phase from solid to liquid.
This document describes the different types of teeth and their functions. It discusses the four types of teeth: incisors, which cut food; canines, which tear and hold food; premolars, which have a grinding function; and molars, which grind and chew food. It also notes that humans have two sets of teeth - milk (primary) teeth when young, which are later replaced by permanent adult teeth starting around age 6 or 7 years old.
Teeth have the function of breaking down food into pieces small enough to swallow. There are different types of teeth suited to specific functions, such as incisors for biting, canines for tearing, and premolars and molars for grinding food. Teeth break down food through biting, tearing, and grinding motions.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Thermal energy is the energy of moving particles that causes heat. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects when they are at different temperatures. The document discusses conductors and insulators - materials that easily allow heat to pass through them are conductors like metals and materials that do not are insulators like rubber, wood, and paper. Common examples of conductors and insulators are provided.
The document discusses different forces exerted by water and air. There are two main forces of water: upthrust force, which causes objects to float, and water resistance, which pushes against moving objects in water. Air also exerts forces, including air resistance, which slows down moving objects by pushing against them, with larger objects experiencing greater resistance. Air resistance can be useful, as seen with parachutes which use the force of air to slow a falling object.
1) Forces cause objects to move or change their motion. Applying an unbalanced force makes an object start moving, while balanced or cancelled out forces will not cause motion.
2) Friction is a type of force that opposes motion when two surfaces are touching, causing moving objects to slow down and stop. The amount of friction depends on the surfaces and how rough or smooth they are.
3) Mass and gravity determine an object's weight, with heavier objects having greater weight. Weight can be measured using a force meter or spring scale.
The document discusses magnetic and non-magnetic materials. Magnetic materials include metals like iron, nickel, cobalt and steel that are attracted to magnets. Non-magnetic materials include aluminum, silver, gold, paper, glass, plastic, rubber and wood that are not attracted to magnets. It provides examples of different objects and whether they are magnetic or non-magnetic when tested with a magnet.
To safely handle magnets, wear protective eyewear and gloves to avoid injury from breaking or flying pieces. Handle magnets gently by slowly bringing them together and avoiding dropping or banging them, which can reduce their strength. Store magnets away from devices, tapes, cards, and screens where magnetic fields can cause damage or distortion. Also, keep magnets dry and do not heat them.
Magnets have been known since ancient times when a shepherd named Magnus discovered that an unusual black rock had the power to pull iron objects like his staff and sandal nails towards it. This became known as the first recorded discovery of a magnet. Different types of magnets exist, with some able to attract or repel other magnets depending on which poles (north or south) are placed close together. Magnets have been studied for centuries but still hold mysterious properties about the forces they exert.
Magnets are made of iron, nickel, cobalt, or steel. To preserve a bar magnet long term, you should store it with another magnet to maintain its magnetic field. When a magnet breaks, its magnetic field also breaks into smaller fields in each broken piece. An electromagnet generates a magnetic field through a coil of wire when electric current passes through; placing an iron core inside the coil strengthens the magnetic field. Materials can be magnetic, like iron, cobalt, and nickel, or non-magnetic, like aluminum, copper, glass, plastic, and wood.
The document discusses the properties of iron and magnets at the particle level. It asks questions about what iron particles look like, how iron is attracted to magnets, what magnets are made of, and how to preserve a bar magnet long-term. It prompts the reader to draw diagrams of magnetic fields with arrows and labels to illustrate the alignment of iron particles when brought near a magnet.
The document discusses series and parallel circuits. It provides examples of series circuits with one path and defines that if one light bulb is removed, the circuit is open and other bulbs will not light. Parallel circuits are defined as having more than one path, and if one light bulb is removed, the current passes through another path and the other bulb will still light. The document draws examples of both series and parallel circuits.
This document provides safety tips for handling electricity, advising to not play with electric sockets or plugs, not to touch electricity with wet hands, and to avoid poking fingers or other objects into electric sockets, toasters, or other appliances.
This document discusses series and parallel circuits and the properties of conductors and insulators. It explains that in a series circuit, if one bulb is removed the other bulb will not light, while in a parallel circuit the other bulbs will still light if one is removed. It provides examples of materials that are conductors, like silver, copper and aluminum, and insulators, like plastic, rubber and glass. It then has questions to determine if examples provided are conductors or insulators.
This document discusses the basics of electricity and electrical circuits. It explains that electricity is the flow of electric charges through a wire, just as water flows through a river. An electrical circuit needs three main components - a power source like a battery, a load such as a light bulb, and wires or other connectors to complete the circuit. It also discusses concepts like open versus closed circuits, and how changing components like batteries or bulbs affects brightness. Symbols are introduced for common circuit elements. Worksheets are included to have the reader draw sample circuits.
The document discusses the basics of static electricity and atoms. It explains that atoms are made up of positively and negatively charged particles that attract or repel depending on their charges. Static electricity occurs when objects come into contact and transfer electrons, resulting in an imbalance of charges. Examples given include rubbing a balloon or ruler to build up an excess of electrons, causing it to stick to other surfaces. Lightning is also described as a large-scale discharge of built up static charges between storm clouds and the ground.
The document discusses reversible and irreversible changes. Reversible changes can go forward and backward, such as folding paper or melting butter. Irreversible changes cannot go backward, like burning wood or rusting iron. Examples are provided of changes that are reversible, like freezing orange juice or dissolving salt in water, and those that are irreversible, including burning a matchstick or toasting bread.
This document discusses the differences between physical and chemical changes and provides examples of evidence of irreversible chemical changes. Specifically, it notes that physical changes are reversible while chemical changes are irreversible. It then lists four main types of evidence that can indicate an irreversible chemical change has occurred: 1) a change in color, 2) a change in scent, 3) the presence of bubbles or fizzing, and 4) heat being released or absorbed during the change. Examples like iron rusting and silver tarnishing are given as illustrations of changes in color, while toasting marshmallows represents a change in scent.
The food pyramid outlines the major food groups including carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, protein, and oils. It recommends filling your plate with fruits, vegetables, dairy, and meat to create a balanced meal and get the necessary nutrients. A balanced meal incorporates foods from all the major food groups.
There are three main types of teeth: incisors, canines, and molars. Incisors are flat teeth located at the front of the mouth that cut food. Canines are sharp, pointed teeth on the sides of the mouth after the incisors that hold and tear food. Molars are flat, wide teeth located at the back of the mouth that grind and chew food. Humans have two sets of teeth, milk (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Milk teeth number 20 total while permanent teeth number 32 total. Bacteria in the mouth feed on sugar from leftover food and produce acid that causes tooth decay if plaque is not removed by brushing.
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. There are three main states of matter: solids, liquids, and gases. The state that matter exists in depends on how closely or loosely packed the particles are and the strength of attraction between the particles. Solids have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container, and gases have indefinite shapes and volumes. Matter can change between states, such as ice melting into water when heat is applied, changing the phase from solid to liquid.
This document describes the different types of teeth and their functions. It discusses the four types of teeth: incisors, which cut food; canines, which tear and hold food; premolars, which have a grinding function; and molars, which grind and chew food. It also notes that humans have two sets of teeth - milk (primary) teeth when young, which are later replaced by permanent adult teeth starting around age 6 or 7 years old.
Teeth have the function of breaking down food into pieces small enough to swallow. There are different types of teeth suited to specific functions, such as incisors for biting, canines for tearing, and premolars and molars for grinding food. Teeth break down food through biting, tearing, and grinding motions.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
ESPP presentation to EU Waste Water Network, 4th June 2024 “EU policies driving nutrient removal and recycling
and the revised UWWTD (Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive)”
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Travis Hills' Endeavors in Minnesota: Fostering Environmental and Economic Pr...Travis Hills MN
Travis Hills of Minnesota developed a method to convert waste into high-value dry fertilizer, significantly enriching soil quality. By providing farmers with a valuable resource derived from waste, Travis Hills helps enhance farm profitability while promoting environmental stewardship. Travis Hills' sustainable practices lead to cost savings and increased revenue for farmers by improving resource efficiency and reducing waste.
The use of Nauplii and metanauplii artemia in aquaculture (brine shrimp).pptxMAGOTI ERNEST
Although Artemia has been known to man for centuries, its use as a food for the culture of larval organisms apparently began only in the 1930s, when several investigators found that it made an excellent food for newly hatched fish larvae (Litvinenko et al., 2023). As aquaculture developed in the 1960s and ‘70s, the use of Artemia also became more widespread, due both to its convenience and to its nutritional value for larval organisms (Arenas-Pardo et al., 2024). The fact that Artemia dormant cysts can be stored for long periods in cans, and then used as an off-the-shelf food requiring only 24 h of incubation makes them the most convenient, least labor-intensive, live food available for aquaculture (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021). The nutritional value of Artemia, especially for marine organisms, is not constant, but varies both geographically and temporally. During the last decade, however, both the causes of Artemia nutritional variability and methods to improve poorquality Artemia have been identified (Loufi et al., 2024).
Brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) are used in marine aquaculture worldwide. Annually, more than 2,000 metric tons of dry cysts are used for cultivation of fish, crustacean, and shellfish larva. Brine shrimp are important to aquaculture because newly hatched brine shrimp nauplii (larvae) provide a food source for many fish fry (Mozanzadeh et al., 2021). Culture and harvesting of brine shrimp eggs represents another aspect of the aquaculture industry. Nauplii and metanauplii of Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, play a crucial role in aquaculture due to their nutritional value and suitability as live feed for many aquatic species, particularly in larval stages (Sorgeloos & Roubach, 2021).
The ability to recreate computational results with minimal effort and actionable metrics provides a solid foundation for scientific research and software development. When people can replicate an analysis at the touch of a button using open-source software, open data, and methods to assess and compare proposals, it significantly eases verification of results, engagement with a diverse range of contributors, and progress. However, we have yet to fully achieve this; there are still many sociotechnical frictions.
Inspired by David Donoho's vision, this talk aims to revisit the three crucial pillars of frictionless reproducibility (data sharing, code sharing, and competitive challenges) with the perspective of deep software variability.
Our observation is that multiple layers — hardware, operating systems, third-party libraries, software versions, input data, compile-time options, and parameters — are subject to variability that exacerbates frictions but is also essential for achieving robust, generalizable results and fostering innovation. I will first review the literature, providing evidence of how the complex variability interactions across these layers affect qualitative and quantitative software properties, thereby complicating the reproduction and replication of scientific studies in various fields.
I will then present some software engineering and AI techniques that can support the strategic exploration of variability spaces. These include the use of abstractions and models (e.g., feature models), sampling strategies (e.g., uniform, random), cost-effective measurements (e.g., incremental build of software configurations), and dimensionality reduction methods (e.g., transfer learning, feature selection, software debloating).
I will finally argue that deep variability is both the problem and solution of frictionless reproducibility, calling the software science community to develop new methods and tools to manage variability and foster reproducibility in software systems.
Exposé invité Journées Nationales du GDR GPL 2024