2nd category songs of immigrants and the longing for one's homeland (comenius)dimsal
This document discusses folk songs from Greece that express the experience and emotions of immigration. It provides background on reasons for Greek immigration throughout history and analyzes the themes found in different types of "Ksenitia" songs, which describe exile, homesickness, departure, and reunions. Two sample songs are presented, one from Epirus expressing the futility of communication with loved ones abroad, and one from Dodecanese using the word "tzivaeri" to reference someone precious sent away by exile.
3rd category historical and kleftika folk songs (comenius)dimsal
This document provides information about kleftika folk songs from Greece during the Ottoman occupation. It begins by explaining that some Greeks became rebels or "klefts" living in the mountains to escape Ottoman rule. These klefts were the subject of kleftika folk songs. The document then analyzes a specific kleftika folk song from Epirus that tells the story of a famous rebel priest named Papa-Giorgis or "Deli-Papa" who fought against the Ottomans in the early to mid-1800s. The song describes Deli-Papa's bravery and exploits through nature imagery and references to mountains and trees in Ep
Folk songs are oral traditions passed down over generations that express the culture of rural Greek communities. They originated in pre-Homeric times and flourished during the Byzantine period. Folk songs provide insights into history, language, and the lives and traditions of past societies in Greece. While young people today are less interested in folk songs due to globalization, efforts are being made to engage them in folk music and dance events to help preserve this cultural tradition.
2nd category songs of immigrants and the longing for one's homeland (comenius)dimsal
This document discusses folk songs from Greece that express the experience and emotions of immigration. It provides background on reasons for Greek immigration throughout history and analyzes the themes found in different types of "Ksenitia" songs, which describe exile, homesickness, departure, and reunions. Two sample songs are presented, one from Epirus expressing the futility of communication with loved ones abroad, and one from Dodecanese using the word "tzivaeri" to reference someone precious sent away by exile.
3rd category historical and kleftika folk songs (comenius)dimsal
This document provides information about kleftika folk songs from Greece during the Ottoman occupation. It begins by explaining that some Greeks became rebels or "klefts" living in the mountains to escape Ottoman rule. These klefts were the subject of kleftika folk songs. The document then analyzes a specific kleftika folk song from Epirus that tells the story of a famous rebel priest named Papa-Giorgis or "Deli-Papa" who fought against the Ottomans in the early to mid-1800s. The song describes Deli-Papa's bravery and exploits through nature imagery and references to mountains and trees in Ep
Folk songs are oral traditions passed down over generations that express the culture of rural Greek communities. They originated in pre-Homeric times and flourished during the Byzantine period. Folk songs provide insights into history, language, and the lives and traditions of past societies in Greece. While young people today are less interested in folk songs due to globalization, efforts are being made to engage them in folk music and dance events to help preserve this cultural tradition.
This document provides an overview of rebetiko songs, the traditional urban folk music of Greece. It discusses the origins and early history of rebetiko in the late 19th/early 20th century, tracing its roots from Byzantine folk songs through its emergence in cities like Athens and Piraeus. The document also examines the three main periods of rebetiko and influential artists like Markos Vamvakaris. It provides background on key instruments like bouzouki and baglamas and dances like zeibekiko and chasapiko that are associated with rebetiko performance. Important figures who helped popularize and revive interest in rebetiko like Elias Petropoulos and Mikis Theodor
The document provides information about Acritic songs, which are a genre of folk songs from the Byzantine Empire that tell stories of the Akrites, warriors who defended the eastern borders. Specifically:
- Acritic songs celebrate the bravery of individual Akrites and recount their heroic deeds against enemies.
- The oldest and most famous Acritic song is the Epic of Digenis Akritas from the 12th century, which tells the story of the semi-legendary hero Digenis Akritas.
- Digenis Akritas features prominently in many Acritic songs that depict his exploits and bravery in battle, as well as his eventual death confrontation with Death itself.
El documento presenta un resumen del primer tratado de la obra "La vida de Lazarillo de Tormes y de sus fortunas y adversidades". Narra la infancia de Lázaro, hijo de padres humildes, y cómo queda huérfano al ser su madre encarcelada. Un ciego se hace cargo de él pero lo trata malamente. Lázaro debe ingeniar estratagemas para sobrevivir, como robar comida del ciego. A pesar de los maltratos, el ciego también le enseña lecciones de vida. La relación entre ambos se
This document contains a collection of folk songs and stories from various countries. It begins with an index listing songs from Turkey, Lithuania, Italy, Poland, Greece and Spain. The first section provides two Turkish folk songs with musical notation and background on the songs. Following is a monologue telling the story of a Turkish girl who is married young and struggles with being away from her family. The next parts describe traditions from a Turkish henna night ceremony and students' experiences visiting Lithuania. The document concludes with a script for a sketch based on a Turkish folk song.
Trygaeus flies on a giant dung beetle to the home of Zeus to ask for peace. However, Zeus has moved away in anger at the Greeks for continuing war and has given control to War. War has imprisoned Peace in a deep pit and intends to use a large mortar to destroy Greek cities. Trygaeus rallies a chorus of farmers to free Peace. With great effort they are able to pull her out. Peace is restored and Trygaeus takes Opora as his wife to live in the country while also bringing Theoria to the Senate, representing peace and intellectual pursuits being restored.
The ancient city of Syracuse, located in southeast Sicily, was founded in the 8th century BC by Greek settlers from Corinth and Tenea. It grew to become an extremely powerful city-state due to its strategic location and fertile lands. Syracuse dominated the entire Magna Graecia region and was allied with Sparta and Corinth. The city experienced its peak under the tyrant Gelon in the 5th century BC, when it defeated the Carthaginians and expanded its power across Sicily. Syracuse later became part of the Roman Republic and Byzantine Empire and remained an important cultural center. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Greek archaeological remains.
Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It has a population of over 294,000 people and was established in 1437, receiving city rights in 1692. Białystok has traditionally been an important academic, cultural, and economic center for the region. It has a warm summer continental climate and forests cover around 17% of the city's area, giving it a wooded character.
3 greece prefecture of aetoloakarnania_booklet (comenius)dimsal
Agrinio is the largest city and municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece, with over 106,000 inhabitants. It has been an important economic center for the region since ancient times, when it was known as Ancient Agrinion. In modern times, Agrinio developed a strong tobacco industry in the 19th-20th centuries. It remains an agricultural center, known for olive production. Aitoliko is a town located north of the Acheloos River delta, known historically as Anatoliko. It sits between the Aitolikon Lagoon to the north and Messolonghi Lagoon to the south, connected to the mainland by two bridges. Messol
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. It has a population of over 230,000. Trabzon has a long history dating back to ancient Greek colonies in the region. It was later the capital of the Empire of Trebizond between 1204-1461 AD. Trabzon was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1461 and remained part of the Ottoman Empire until the founding of the modern Turkish Republic in 1923. Today, Trabzon is an important port and trade city known for its seafood, especially anchovies, and hazelnuts.
This document provides information on various traditional Greek folk dances, including their origins, styles of performance, and musical accompaniment. Some of the dances discussed are the syrtos, aptalikos mesotopou, politikos hasapikos, tataulianos, tsamikos, zonaradikos, ballos-pentozalli, sirtaki, zeibekiko, kamilierikos, and hasaposerviko. Details are given on the specific dance steps, regional variations, and historical and cultural influences that shaped each dance's development.
The document provides information about various holidays and festivals celebrated in Turkey and Greece. It describes New Year's Eve celebrations in Turkey, noting fireworks in city squares and parties lasting until dawn. It also outlines celebrations for Valentine's Day, Nevruz (Persian New Year), Children's Day, Ataturk Day, various summer festivals featuring folk dancing, and Republic Day. The festivals of Nasreddin Hoca and Victory Day are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing Epiphany, Carnival season, Greek Independence Day, and the religious significance of March 25th.
This document provides an overview of rebetiko songs, the traditional urban folk music of Greece. It discusses the origins and early history of rebetiko in the late 19th/early 20th century, tracing its roots from Byzantine folk songs through its emergence in cities like Athens and Piraeus. The document also examines the three main periods of rebetiko and influential artists like Markos Vamvakaris. It provides background on key instruments like bouzouki and baglamas and dances like zeibekiko and chasapiko that are associated with rebetiko performance. Important figures who helped popularize and revive interest in rebetiko like Elias Petropoulos and Mikis Theodor
The document provides information about Acritic songs, which are a genre of folk songs from the Byzantine Empire that tell stories of the Akrites, warriors who defended the eastern borders. Specifically:
- Acritic songs celebrate the bravery of individual Akrites and recount their heroic deeds against enemies.
- The oldest and most famous Acritic song is the Epic of Digenis Akritas from the 12th century, which tells the story of the semi-legendary hero Digenis Akritas.
- Digenis Akritas features prominently in many Acritic songs that depict his exploits and bravery in battle, as well as his eventual death confrontation with Death itself.
El documento presenta un resumen del primer tratado de la obra "La vida de Lazarillo de Tormes y de sus fortunas y adversidades". Narra la infancia de Lázaro, hijo de padres humildes, y cómo queda huérfano al ser su madre encarcelada. Un ciego se hace cargo de él pero lo trata malamente. Lázaro debe ingeniar estratagemas para sobrevivir, como robar comida del ciego. A pesar de los maltratos, el ciego también le enseña lecciones de vida. La relación entre ambos se
This document contains a collection of folk songs and stories from various countries. It begins with an index listing songs from Turkey, Lithuania, Italy, Poland, Greece and Spain. The first section provides two Turkish folk songs with musical notation and background on the songs. Following is a monologue telling the story of a Turkish girl who is married young and struggles with being away from her family. The next parts describe traditions from a Turkish henna night ceremony and students' experiences visiting Lithuania. The document concludes with a script for a sketch based on a Turkish folk song.
Trygaeus flies on a giant dung beetle to the home of Zeus to ask for peace. However, Zeus has moved away in anger at the Greeks for continuing war and has given control to War. War has imprisoned Peace in a deep pit and intends to use a large mortar to destroy Greek cities. Trygaeus rallies a chorus of farmers to free Peace. With great effort they are able to pull her out. Peace is restored and Trygaeus takes Opora as his wife to live in the country while also bringing Theoria to the Senate, representing peace and intellectual pursuits being restored.
The ancient city of Syracuse, located in southeast Sicily, was founded in the 8th century BC by Greek settlers from Corinth and Tenea. It grew to become an extremely powerful city-state due to its strategic location and fertile lands. Syracuse dominated the entire Magna Graecia region and was allied with Sparta and Corinth. The city experienced its peak under the tyrant Gelon in the 5th century BC, when it defeated the Carthaginians and expanded its power across Sicily. Syracuse later became part of the Roman Republic and Byzantine Empire and remained an important cultural center. Today it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its Greek archaeological remains.
Białystok is the largest city in northeastern Poland and the capital of the Podlaskie Voivodeship. It has a population of over 294,000 people and was established in 1437, receiving city rights in 1692. Białystok has traditionally been an important academic, cultural, and economic center for the region. It has a warm summer continental climate and forests cover around 17% of the city's area, giving it a wooded character.
3 greece prefecture of aetoloakarnania_booklet (comenius)dimsal
Agrinio is the largest city and municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece, with over 106,000 inhabitants. It has been an important economic center for the region since ancient times, when it was known as Ancient Agrinion. In modern times, Agrinio developed a strong tobacco industry in the 19th-20th centuries. It remains an agricultural center, known for olive production. Aitoliko is a town located north of the Acheloos River delta, known historically as Anatoliko. It sits between the Aitolikon Lagoon to the north and Messolonghi Lagoon to the south, connected to the mainland by two bridges. Messol
Trabzon is a city on the Black Sea coast of Turkey and the capital of Trabzon Province. It has a population of over 230,000. Trabzon has a long history dating back to ancient Greek colonies in the region. It was later the capital of the Empire of Trebizond between 1204-1461 AD. Trabzon was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1461 and remained part of the Ottoman Empire until the founding of the modern Turkish Republic in 1923. Today, Trabzon is an important port and trade city known for its seafood, especially anchovies, and hazelnuts.
This document provides information on various traditional Greek folk dances, including their origins, styles of performance, and musical accompaniment. Some of the dances discussed are the syrtos, aptalikos mesotopou, politikos hasapikos, tataulianos, tsamikos, zonaradikos, ballos-pentozalli, sirtaki, zeibekiko, kamilierikos, and hasaposerviko. Details are given on the specific dance steps, regional variations, and historical and cultural influences that shaped each dance's development.
The document provides information about various holidays and festivals celebrated in Turkey and Greece. It describes New Year's Eve celebrations in Turkey, noting fireworks in city squares and parties lasting until dawn. It also outlines celebrations for Valentine's Day, Nevruz (Persian New Year), Children's Day, Ataturk Day, various summer festivals featuring folk dancing, and Republic Day. The festivals of Nasreddin Hoca and Victory Day are also summarized. The document concludes by discussing Epiphany, Carnival season, Greek Independence Day, and the religious significance of March 25th.
Putting life on a piece of paper article (comenius)dimsal
This document provides a summary of the author's experience with a 3-year Comenius project called "Of Folk Music and Men". The author explains that writing about the experience is a difficult task given that it was a rollercoaster ride that involved many feelings, images, and voices that are hard to communicate. The project started with enthusiasm from teachers, students, and the headteacher around exploring folk music. It brought the school community together and pushed participants beyond their limits through collaboration, travel, and dealing with challenges along the way. While difficult at times, the overall experience of international meetings, cultural exchanges, and lifelong memories was well worth the effort for the author.
The document provides details about a Turkish tradition called Henna Night. Some key points:
- Henna Night is celebrated the night before a wedding, where the bride spends her last night with family and friends.
- Traditions include hanging a flag, eating special foods like henna halvah, singing folk songs, and applying henna dye to the bride and groom's hands.
- The bride wears a special henna robe and sits in the middle of the room while guests sing songs to make her cry. Crying is seen as the bride feeling sad to leave her family.
- A coin must be given to the bride by her mother-in-law before the he
This document contains dictionaries of useful phrases for folk music projects in multiple European languages including Greek, Italian, Lithuanian, Polish, Spanish, and Turkish. For each language, it provides common greetings, numbers, colors, family members, musical instruments, and types of folk songs. The document was created by students at the Music School of Agrinio in Greece for a Comenius project on folk music and culture in Europe.
1. M u s i c S c h o o l o f A g r i n i o
C o m e n i u s P r o j e c t
“ O f F o l k M u s i c a n d M e n ”
2 n d
C a t e g o r y o f F o l k S o n g s : S o n g s o f I m m i g r a n t s a n d o f t h e L o n g i n g
f o r o n e ’ s H o m e l a n d ( T h e s o n g s o f K s e n i t i a )
P a g e | 1
ΤΖΙΒΑΕΡΙ (ΘΕΑΤΡΙΚΟ)
Περίληψη: Είναι μια μάνα και ένα παιδί στο το οποίο φεύγει για τη ξενιτιά. Ακολουθεί ένας διάλογος μεταξύ
τους ο οποίος δεν θα είναι καθόλου εύκολος.
1η
σκηνή:
Γιος: Μάνα πήρα μια απόφαση πολύ σημαντική!
Μάνα: Τι είναι παιδί μου; Με τρομάζεις!
Γιος: Θα φύγω…Θα πάω μακριά σε άλλη γη, σε άλλα μέρη.
Μάνα: Γιε μου τι είναι αυτά που λες; Πως θα φύγεις; Που θα πας;
Γιος: Μάνα μην ανησυχείς. Είναι μια απόφαση που την έχω πάρει εδώ και καιρό. Το σκεφτόμουν μέρες…μήνες.
Μάνα: Τι λες παιδί μου! Λογικέψου!
Γιος: Μάνα λυπάμαι! Δεν μπορείς να μου αλλάξεις αυτή την απόφαση.
Μάνα: Εντάξει τζιβαέρι μου αφού το θέλεις τόσο πολύ…πήγαινε. Εγώ θα είμαι εδώ και θα σε στηρίζω. Καλό
δρόμο να έχεις καμάρι μου! Θα είμαι εδώ και θα σε περιμένω…(κλαίγοντας)
(Ο γιος φεύγει αποχαιρετώντας τη μάνα. Η μάνα μένει μόνη κλαίγοντας)
2η
σκηνή:
Περίληψη: Εδώ βλέπουμε την πικραμένη μητέρα να στέκει μπροστά στη θάλασσα και να μονολογεί για το
παιδί της που πήγε στη ξενιτιά.
Μάνα: Αχ! Η ξενιτιά το χαίρεται το τζιβαέρι μου, το μοσχολούλουδό μου. Αχ! Εγώ ήμουνα που το έστειλα. Τον
άφησα και έφυγε. Θέλημα Δικό μου ήτανε. Εγώ φταίω…που δεν τον εμπόδισα! (κοιτάει στη θάλασσα)
Περίληψη: Η μάνα είναι πιο θλιμμένη από ποτέ. Περνάει τις πιο δύσκολες στιγμές της ζωής της…
Μάνα: Α! Ξενιτιά ανάθεμα σε που πήρες το παιδί μου… το τζιβαέρι μου και το έκανες δικό σου!
Γιος: Μάνα, μάνα!!
Μάνα: Γιε μου, εσύ είσαι; Ήρθες από την ξενιτιά;
Γιος: Ναι μάνα ήρθα και δεν θα ξαναφύγω ποτέ από κοντά σου!
Μάνα: (πηγαίνει κοντά του, αγκαλιάζονται, φιλιούνται). Τζιβαέρι μου πόσο μου έλειψες; Δεν θα σε ξαναφήσω
ποτέ να φύγεις…Αλλά πες μου τι είδες εκεί που πήγες;
Γιος: Δεν χρειάζεται να ξέρεις μάνα. Ας φάμε και ας χαρούμε την επιστροφή μου!
Περίληψη: Γιος και μάνα ξανά μαζί ευτυχισμένοι. Η μάνα χαρούμενη από τη επιστροφή του γιου της και ο γιος
της υπόσχεται ότι δεν θα την ξαναφήσει ποτέ μόνη της!
2. M u s i c S c h o o l o f A g r i n i o
C o m e n i u s P r o j e c t
“ O f F o l k M u s i c a n d M e n ”
2 n d
C a t e g o r y o f F o l k S o n g s : S o n g s o f I m m i g r a n t s a n d o f t h e L o n g i n g
f o r o n e ’ s H o m e l a n d ( T h e s o n g s o f K s e n i t i a )
P a g e | 2
Tzivaeri (play)
1st Scene: There is a mother and her son. The son leaves for the foreign lands. The following
dialogue between them can’t be easy.
Son: Mother, I’ve made a very important decision!
Mum: What’s wrong? You’re making me nervous!
Son: I will leave…I will go away to another land to earn a living.
Mum: My son what are you talking about? How will you leave? Where will you go?
Son: Mum don’t worry. It’s a decision that I’ve made a long while ago. I’ve been thinking about
it for months.
Mum: What are you saying? Be reasonable!
Son: I’m sorry mum! You can’t change my mind. Life here is very difficult.
Mum: Ok my tzivaeri, my precious one, if you want it so much, you can go wherever you want
and I’ll support you. Farewell, my love! I’ll be here and I will be waiting for you (crying).
(The son says goodbye to his mother. The mum stays all alone crying all the while)
2nd
Scene: We are watching the sorrowful mother standing in front of the sea and talking to
herself about her child who is going away to foreign lands.
Mum: Oh! The foreign lands are taking delight in him, my tzivaeri, my perfect- smelling flower.
Oh! It was me that let him go there, on my own free will. It’s my fault that I didn’t stop him. (She
is looking towards the sea and she is crying)
Storyteller: The mother is more sorrowful than ever. She is going through the most difficult
moments of her life.
Mum: Oh! Damn you foreign lands that you have taken my tzivaeri from me, my little child, and
made him yours.
Storyteller: 2 years have now passed. The mother is asking God to bring back her child. Finally,
her prayers are answered…
Son: Mother, mother…
Mum: My son! Is that really you? Have you really come back from the foreign lands?
Son: Yes mum! I came back and I will never leave your again.
Mum: (she goes near him. They kiss and hug). My tzivaeri, oh how much have I missed you? I’ll
never let you go…! But tell me, what did you see over there, at the foreign lands?
Son: You needn’t know mum. Let’s eat and celebrate my return.
Storyteller: The son and the mother are together again and happy. The mother is very happy too
for her son’s return and her son promises her that he’ll never let her alone ever again!
THE END
Script:
Giouli Angeli
Panagiota Gantzoudi
Evangelia Kariofili
