This document discusses the benefits of LED lighting compared to traditional lighting technologies. It states that the LED lighting market is forecasted to grow significantly by 2012. LED lighting uses less energy and has a much longer lifespan than other options, leading to large energy savings and reduced maintenance costs over time. LED lights also produce less waste and lower carbon emissions, helping the environment. While the upfront costs of LEDs are higher, the document shows through calculations that the savings recoup the higher costs within 3 years, making LED lighting a good investment.
A 144-unit apartment building in Markham, Ontario conducted an LED lighting retrofit of all common areas. An energy audit found the existing lighting used over 199,000 kWh per year. The retrofit replaced all lights with LED fixtures, reducing usage by 77% to 45,491 kWh annually. This saved $21,593 per year in electricity costs. With incentives and maintenance savings, the retrofit paid for itself within 9 months and will continue providing annual savings for the life of the LED lights.
Santa Clara County was considering delaying adoption of LED lighting due to lack of suitable products, but installed IlluminerLED T8 tubes in their juvenile detention center after being impressed by a demo. This led to further orders and a phased rollout of IlluminerLED lighting across SCC facilities worth $30,000 initially and projected to be $100,000 in the first quarter of 2011. The new T8 tubes provided a clean, natural light that improved the lobby area.
The document discusses solid state lighting and legislative issues related to it. It provides an overview of LED technologies and their advantages over traditional lighting technologies. It also discusses the significant energy savings potential of solid state lighting and various legislative updates in the US that promote SSL, such as the Energy Independence and Security Act and the Bright Tomorrow Lighting Prizes competition.
Lighting Retrofit Training Md 11111 No AmaChris_Moore
The document discusses the enormous market opportunity for LED lighting retrofits. It notes that LED bulbs can save up to 90% on energy use compared to incandescent bulbs and last 80,000 hours. Retrofitting commercial and residential lighting with LEDs offers quick paybacks of less than two years. Government legislation and incentives are driving the replacement of trillions of light bulbs with more efficient LED technology.
Emerald Ener is a certified energy auditor and lighting specialist that provides LED lighting installation and design services. They offer energy efficient LED products that use less electricity than fluorescent or HID lighting and are eligible for utility rebates. Emerald Ener also provides financing options and lighting controls to help businesses further reduce energy costs and maximize the savings from upgrading to LED lighting.
kykloud whole life costing and carbon efficiency planningnkgraham
Slides showing how kykloud software has been used to compare cost and CO2 for building elements. Enabling effective decision making around cost over time and carbon over time.
This document discusses the benefits of LED lighting compared to traditional lighting technologies. It states that the LED lighting market is forecasted to grow significantly by 2012. LED lighting uses less energy and has a much longer lifespan than other options, leading to large energy savings and reduced maintenance costs over time. LED lights also produce less waste and lower carbon emissions, helping the environment. While the upfront costs of LEDs are higher, the document shows through calculations that the savings recoup the higher costs within 3 years, making LED lighting a good investment.
A 144-unit apartment building in Markham, Ontario conducted an LED lighting retrofit of all common areas. An energy audit found the existing lighting used over 199,000 kWh per year. The retrofit replaced all lights with LED fixtures, reducing usage by 77% to 45,491 kWh annually. This saved $21,593 per year in electricity costs. With incentives and maintenance savings, the retrofit paid for itself within 9 months and will continue providing annual savings for the life of the LED lights.
Santa Clara County was considering delaying adoption of LED lighting due to lack of suitable products, but installed IlluminerLED T8 tubes in their juvenile detention center after being impressed by a demo. This led to further orders and a phased rollout of IlluminerLED lighting across SCC facilities worth $30,000 initially and projected to be $100,000 in the first quarter of 2011. The new T8 tubes provided a clean, natural light that improved the lobby area.
The document discusses solid state lighting and legislative issues related to it. It provides an overview of LED technologies and their advantages over traditional lighting technologies. It also discusses the significant energy savings potential of solid state lighting and various legislative updates in the US that promote SSL, such as the Energy Independence and Security Act and the Bright Tomorrow Lighting Prizes competition.
Lighting Retrofit Training Md 11111 No AmaChris_Moore
The document discusses the enormous market opportunity for LED lighting retrofits. It notes that LED bulbs can save up to 90% on energy use compared to incandescent bulbs and last 80,000 hours. Retrofitting commercial and residential lighting with LEDs offers quick paybacks of less than two years. Government legislation and incentives are driving the replacement of trillions of light bulbs with more efficient LED technology.
Emerald Ener is a certified energy auditor and lighting specialist that provides LED lighting installation and design services. They offer energy efficient LED products that use less electricity than fluorescent or HID lighting and are eligible for utility rebates. Emerald Ener also provides financing options and lighting controls to help businesses further reduce energy costs and maximize the savings from upgrading to LED lighting.
kykloud whole life costing and carbon efficiency planningnkgraham
Slides showing how kykloud software has been used to compare cost and CO2 for building elements. Enabling effective decision making around cost over time and carbon over time.
Energy Efficient Lighting Case Study - Gilbarco HO (Auburn)Kevin Massey
The document summarizes an energy efficient lighting upgrade case study at a 7,000 square meter site in Auburn. The upgrade involved replacing fluorescent lighting with LED lighting in offices, warehouses, and other areas. Based on estimated annual operating hours, the upgrade is projected to reduce energy consumption by 254,712 kWh per year, lower energy costs by $56,270 per year, and reduce CO2 emissions by 266 tons per year. Metered results from sample office and warehouse circuits found the LED upgrades reduced electricity consumption by 66% and 78% respectively.
The document summarizes an analysis of energy usage and recommendations to reduce energy costs at a facility with almost 1 million square feet. Key points include:
- Certain buildings have high energy costs that could be reduced through maintenance and efficiency improvements.
- Benchmarking energy usage against other similar buildings revealed opportunities to cut energy use by 15-20% through recommissioning systems and controls.
- Retrofitting outdoor lighting to LED bulbs could save over $21,000 annually with a payback period of around 1 year due to lower energy and maintenance costs. Interior lighting retrofits and controls were also recommended.
- Upgrades to HVAC controls through wireless sensors and thermostats offered potential savings of over
The document provides a definitive guide to LED lighting, including:
1) LEDs are solid-state devices that emit light when electricity flows through them, and can replace traditional lamps.
2) Key advantages of LEDs are dramatic reductions in energy consumption and costs, increased lifespan and durability, and reduced CO2 emissions.
3) On average, customers save 86% by switching halogen or incandescent lamps to LEDs, and 50% by switching CFLs to LEDs.
The document provides energy usage and portfolio information for the Prescott Service Center building. It details the building size, energy sources, current energy consumption, improvement opportunities in building envelop, solar power, and lighting. Implementing improvements in building envelop, installing solar panels, and switching to LED lighting can reduce annual energy consumption by over 342,000 kWh and save over $37,000 per year while achieving payback periods of less than 10 years for the investments.
Session 2 - LED Budget Breaker or Project Maker - Presented by: Jeff CoddCindy Foster-Warthen
1. Non-financial factors like lighting quality, maintenance costs, and nuisance factors can significantly impact a company's bottom line and should be considered by financial decision makers.
2. The true cost of LED lighting includes both energy savings and other financial benefits, not just the upfront price, to understand the total return on investment.
3. Key financial metrics for LED projects include energy savings, maintenance savings, tax benefits from depreciation, and how upgrades can increase property market value.
4. Case studies show how considering total savings from LED projects, including non-energy benefits, can result in projects being cash flow positive from day one and providing high returns on investment.
This document provides a product catalog and introduction for LED lighting products from Genta Energy. It highlights the energy efficiency, durability, and quality of LED lights. The catalog includes specifications for various LED light products like bulbs, downlights, track lights, and outdoor lights. It also provides case studies on the financial and environmental benefits of LED lighting compared to other options.
From 2009 companies and other organisations, will be required to report to the Environment Agency details of their energy usage, from almost all sources, on an annual basis.
This document discusses energy conservation, energy auditing, and energy efficiency. It provides an introduction to energy and different forms of energy. It then discusses India's installed electricity generation capacity and peak demand by region. Key topics covered include the importance of energy conservation, objectives of energy conservation and efficiency programs, and definitions of energy auditing types. Specific examples on lighting system upgrades and replacing conventional lights with LEDs are presented. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind and biomass are also mentioned.
Making Sustainability Affordable with Digital TwinsIES VE
Presentation by David Ross from IES and Pieter Schaap from Soben. This webinar demonstrated the power of digital twin technology in driving cost-effective decarbonization.
This document discusses CenterPoint Energy's energy efficiency programs and working with trade allies. Some key points:
- CenterPoint Energy delivers natural gas to customers in 6 states and has energy efficiency programs in 3 states. They have worked with trade allies in Minnesota since 1992 and are developing trade ally networks in Arkansas and Oklahoma.
- Trade allies include HVAC dealers, plumbers, insulation contractors, and mechanical contractors who contribute over 90% of residential rebates and over 230,000 therms in savings. This helps trade allies increase profits and customer satisfaction.
- The document outlines CenterPoint Energy's 2010-2012 residential and commercial/industrial energy efficiency program offerings and rebates. It provides an example of significant reb
This document discusses a program from a lighting company called FES that would allow businesses to upgrade their lighting to LEDs for free, with no upfront costs. The program claims it would eliminate maintenance expenses for lighting, reduce energy usage and carbon footprint by 65%, and provide protection against inflation. It compares the costs and benefits over 15-25 years of upgrading to LEDs through this program versus continuing with the existing lighting or purchasing LEDs outright.
TIS Power Solutions produces LED lighting products under the Lumitis brand to provide energy efficient solutions. Lumitis LED lights use less power than traditional lighting to produce the same amount of light, last 50,000 hours which is 20 years, and contain no toxic materials. They come with a 2 year warranty. Compared to incandescent and fluorescent options, Lumitis LED lights save significant amounts of energy and money over the lifetime of the product while reducing carbon emissions and electrical waste. The document provides details on the various Lumitis LED lighting product types as well as the benefits of switching to LED.
The document provides an analysis of solid state lighting technologies and recommendations for transitioning to LED lighting. It includes a review of LED basics, a competitive technology review of induction vs LED analyzing over 35 performance parameters, measurement data from LED product testing, and financial assumptions and projections for LED lighting systems including net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return. The analysis aims to provide an unbiased recommendation for the most ideal and economic LED solution for the application.
The document provides an analysis of solid state lighting technologies and recommendations for transitioning to LED lighting. It includes a review of LED basics, a competitive technology review of induction vs LED analyzing over 35 performance parameters, measurement data from LED product testing, and financial assumptions and projections for LED lighting systems including net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return. The analysis aims to provide an unbiased recommendation for the most ideal and economic LED solution for the application.
The document discusses opportunities for implementing clean development mechanism (CDM) activities in the Panipat Textile Cluster in India to help small and medium enterprises reduce their energy consumption and associated costs. It describes conducting energy audits of 25 textile industries in the cluster to identify opportunities for efficiency improvements. The audits found potential for reducing electricity and fuel use through measures like installing variable frequency drives, recovering waste heat and increasing use of renewable energy. Overall, the cluster was estimated to have a GHG reduction potential of 200,000 tons of CO2 equivalents through CDM activities.
The document discusses energy conservation and reducing carbon footprints. It notes that current fuel reserves will be depleted within 75 years if consumption continues at the current rate. Some tips provided to reduce carbon footprints include switching off lights when not needed and replacing light bulbs with more efficient options. The document advocates for utilizing renewable energy sources like solar power and provides an example of financial savings from installing solar panels for water heating. It encourages individuals to conduct energy audits and adopt more efficient behaviors and technologies to conserve energy and reduce emissions.
Businesses are adopting LED lighting for its significant advantages over older lighting technologies. LEDs use far less energy than incandescent or fluorescent lights, produce less heat, and have a much longer lifespan which reduces maintenance and operation costs. Today's LEDs are appropriate for nearly any commercial application and provide attractive, high-efficiency lighting while saving on energy and maintenance expenses over the long run.
The document discusses using anti-reflective coatings on glass in lighting products to improve efficiency. It finds that such coatings can increase total light output by reducing reflection losses at the glass surface. This allows lighting designs to use fewer, lower-wattage light sources or fewer total fixtures while still meeting illumination requirements. Properly evaluating potential benefits through photometric testing and modeling can validate cost savings from reduced energy and component usage within a reasonable payback period for the higher-performance coated glass.
NATIONAL GREEN CORPS, NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME, CLIMATE EDUCATION AND ENERGY C...W G Kumar
A training module to introduce College Lecturers and School Teachers to the subject of Climate Education and Live Projects that they can do in their institution and elsewhere
Energy Efficient Lighting Case Study - Gilbarco HO (Auburn)Kevin Massey
The document summarizes an energy efficient lighting upgrade case study at a 7,000 square meter site in Auburn. The upgrade involved replacing fluorescent lighting with LED lighting in offices, warehouses, and other areas. Based on estimated annual operating hours, the upgrade is projected to reduce energy consumption by 254,712 kWh per year, lower energy costs by $56,270 per year, and reduce CO2 emissions by 266 tons per year. Metered results from sample office and warehouse circuits found the LED upgrades reduced electricity consumption by 66% and 78% respectively.
The document summarizes an analysis of energy usage and recommendations to reduce energy costs at a facility with almost 1 million square feet. Key points include:
- Certain buildings have high energy costs that could be reduced through maintenance and efficiency improvements.
- Benchmarking energy usage against other similar buildings revealed opportunities to cut energy use by 15-20% through recommissioning systems and controls.
- Retrofitting outdoor lighting to LED bulbs could save over $21,000 annually with a payback period of around 1 year due to lower energy and maintenance costs. Interior lighting retrofits and controls were also recommended.
- Upgrades to HVAC controls through wireless sensors and thermostats offered potential savings of over
The document provides a definitive guide to LED lighting, including:
1) LEDs are solid-state devices that emit light when electricity flows through them, and can replace traditional lamps.
2) Key advantages of LEDs are dramatic reductions in energy consumption and costs, increased lifespan and durability, and reduced CO2 emissions.
3) On average, customers save 86% by switching halogen or incandescent lamps to LEDs, and 50% by switching CFLs to LEDs.
The document provides energy usage and portfolio information for the Prescott Service Center building. It details the building size, energy sources, current energy consumption, improvement opportunities in building envelop, solar power, and lighting. Implementing improvements in building envelop, installing solar panels, and switching to LED lighting can reduce annual energy consumption by over 342,000 kWh and save over $37,000 per year while achieving payback periods of less than 10 years for the investments.
Session 2 - LED Budget Breaker or Project Maker - Presented by: Jeff CoddCindy Foster-Warthen
1. Non-financial factors like lighting quality, maintenance costs, and nuisance factors can significantly impact a company's bottom line and should be considered by financial decision makers.
2. The true cost of LED lighting includes both energy savings and other financial benefits, not just the upfront price, to understand the total return on investment.
3. Key financial metrics for LED projects include energy savings, maintenance savings, tax benefits from depreciation, and how upgrades can increase property market value.
4. Case studies show how considering total savings from LED projects, including non-energy benefits, can result in projects being cash flow positive from day one and providing high returns on investment.
This document provides a product catalog and introduction for LED lighting products from Genta Energy. It highlights the energy efficiency, durability, and quality of LED lights. The catalog includes specifications for various LED light products like bulbs, downlights, track lights, and outdoor lights. It also provides case studies on the financial and environmental benefits of LED lighting compared to other options.
From 2009 companies and other organisations, will be required to report to the Environment Agency details of their energy usage, from almost all sources, on an annual basis.
This document discusses energy conservation, energy auditing, and energy efficiency. It provides an introduction to energy and different forms of energy. It then discusses India's installed electricity generation capacity and peak demand by region. Key topics covered include the importance of energy conservation, objectives of energy conservation and efficiency programs, and definitions of energy auditing types. Specific examples on lighting system upgrades and replacing conventional lights with LEDs are presented. Renewable energy sources like solar, wind and biomass are also mentioned.
Making Sustainability Affordable with Digital TwinsIES VE
Presentation by David Ross from IES and Pieter Schaap from Soben. This webinar demonstrated the power of digital twin technology in driving cost-effective decarbonization.
This document discusses CenterPoint Energy's energy efficiency programs and working with trade allies. Some key points:
- CenterPoint Energy delivers natural gas to customers in 6 states and has energy efficiency programs in 3 states. They have worked with trade allies in Minnesota since 1992 and are developing trade ally networks in Arkansas and Oklahoma.
- Trade allies include HVAC dealers, plumbers, insulation contractors, and mechanical contractors who contribute over 90% of residential rebates and over 230,000 therms in savings. This helps trade allies increase profits and customer satisfaction.
- The document outlines CenterPoint Energy's 2010-2012 residential and commercial/industrial energy efficiency program offerings and rebates. It provides an example of significant reb
This document discusses a program from a lighting company called FES that would allow businesses to upgrade their lighting to LEDs for free, with no upfront costs. The program claims it would eliminate maintenance expenses for lighting, reduce energy usage and carbon footprint by 65%, and provide protection against inflation. It compares the costs and benefits over 15-25 years of upgrading to LEDs through this program versus continuing with the existing lighting or purchasing LEDs outright.
TIS Power Solutions produces LED lighting products under the Lumitis brand to provide energy efficient solutions. Lumitis LED lights use less power than traditional lighting to produce the same amount of light, last 50,000 hours which is 20 years, and contain no toxic materials. They come with a 2 year warranty. Compared to incandescent and fluorescent options, Lumitis LED lights save significant amounts of energy and money over the lifetime of the product while reducing carbon emissions and electrical waste. The document provides details on the various Lumitis LED lighting product types as well as the benefits of switching to LED.
The document provides an analysis of solid state lighting technologies and recommendations for transitioning to LED lighting. It includes a review of LED basics, a competitive technology review of induction vs LED analyzing over 35 performance parameters, measurement data from LED product testing, and financial assumptions and projections for LED lighting systems including net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return. The analysis aims to provide an unbiased recommendation for the most ideal and economic LED solution for the application.
The document provides an analysis of solid state lighting technologies and recommendations for transitioning to LED lighting. It includes a review of LED basics, a competitive technology review of induction vs LED analyzing over 35 performance parameters, measurement data from LED product testing, and financial assumptions and projections for LED lighting systems including net present value, payback period, and internal rate of return. The analysis aims to provide an unbiased recommendation for the most ideal and economic LED solution for the application.
The document discusses opportunities for implementing clean development mechanism (CDM) activities in the Panipat Textile Cluster in India to help small and medium enterprises reduce their energy consumption and associated costs. It describes conducting energy audits of 25 textile industries in the cluster to identify opportunities for efficiency improvements. The audits found potential for reducing electricity and fuel use through measures like installing variable frequency drives, recovering waste heat and increasing use of renewable energy. Overall, the cluster was estimated to have a GHG reduction potential of 200,000 tons of CO2 equivalents through CDM activities.
The document discusses energy conservation and reducing carbon footprints. It notes that current fuel reserves will be depleted within 75 years if consumption continues at the current rate. Some tips provided to reduce carbon footprints include switching off lights when not needed and replacing light bulbs with more efficient options. The document advocates for utilizing renewable energy sources like solar power and provides an example of financial savings from installing solar panels for water heating. It encourages individuals to conduct energy audits and adopt more efficient behaviors and technologies to conserve energy and reduce emissions.
Businesses are adopting LED lighting for its significant advantages over older lighting technologies. LEDs use far less energy than incandescent or fluorescent lights, produce less heat, and have a much longer lifespan which reduces maintenance and operation costs. Today's LEDs are appropriate for nearly any commercial application and provide attractive, high-efficiency lighting while saving on energy and maintenance expenses over the long run.
The document discusses using anti-reflective coatings on glass in lighting products to improve efficiency. It finds that such coatings can increase total light output by reducing reflection losses at the glass surface. This allows lighting designs to use fewer, lower-wattage light sources or fewer total fixtures while still meeting illumination requirements. Properly evaluating potential benefits through photometric testing and modeling can validate cost savings from reduced energy and component usage within a reasonable payback period for the higher-performance coated glass.
NATIONAL GREEN CORPS, NATIONAL SERVICE SCHEME, CLIMATE EDUCATION AND ENERGY C...W G Kumar
A training module to introduce College Lecturers and School Teachers to the subject of Climate Education and Live Projects that they can do in their institution and elsewhere
Similar to 2BLightingRetrofitsatDGS.pptjjhhhhhhhhhhh (20)
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
2. Three Most Important Areas in
Energy Efficient Lighting
Meet target light
levels
Efficiently produce
and deliver light
Automatically
control lighting
operation
Visual Task
F O O T C A N D L E S
WATTS
LUMENS
Visual Task
Most Important Slide in Today’s Seminar!
5/19/2024 2
4. • Lighting energy consumption 20-45% in
commercial buildings
• Significant energy savings can be realized with
a minimal capital investment and common
sense
• For example, replacing high pressure sodium
Fixtures with LED Fixtures (JESSUP)
Background
5/19/2024 4
5. Quality of Illumination
Quality of illumination may affect worker
productivity:
Glare. Too bright.
Uniformity of illumination.
Color rendition. Ability to see colors
properly.
Scale 0 to 100 (100 is best)
Color Temperature. Warm to Cool.
Measured in degrees Kelvin (K).
3000 is warm (yellowish); 5000 is
cool or “daylight”.
5/19/2024
5
7. Types of Lighting Systems
High pressure sodium lamps
Low pressure sodium lamps
Mercury vapor
Metal halide
LED lamps (light-Emitting Diode)
Incandescent lamps
Tungsten Halogen Lamps
Fluorescent lamps
High Intensity
Discharge
(HID) lamps
5/19/2024
7
8. Ballasts
Old type ballasts were
electromagnetic.
New ballasts are electronic
Lighter, less noisy, no lamp flicker,
dimming capability.
Maximize your energy savings by selecting electronic ballasts
with Low ballast factor that provides target illuminance.
5/19/2024
8
9. Types of Lighting Controls
Occupancy Sensors
Photo Sensors
Lighting Control
Systems
5/19/2024 9
10. LED Lamps
Newest type of energy efficient lamp
Two types:
• red-blue-green array
• phosphor-coated blue lamp
Emit visible light in a very narrow spectrum and can
produce “white light”
Used in variety of applications over vast
spectrum of spaces
Technology is rapidly progressing
Significant energy savings: 82 – 93%
Longest lamp life: 40,000 – 100,000 hrs
5/19/2024
10
11. LED vs. Fluorescent Lamp
LED
Popular T8 Brand
Fluorescent
Watt Rating, typical B.F. =
0.8
22W 34W
Lumens, initial Equivalent 2850
CRI 85 85
Color Temperature 5000K 5000K
Life Expectancy 10 years
20000 hours
16000 hours
Light output at 0° C
20%
increase
50% decrease
5/19/2024
11
14. HVAC
Savving
Qty Fixture Description Fixt.Description $ $ KWh $ $ 0.1 $ Year %
196 250WATTHPS
150W-LEDINDUSTRIALBAY
LIGHT
$226 $44,290 104,429 $10,443 $14,700 $1,044 $26,187 1.69 59.1%
467 8FT-T3283WATTFL
8FTLEDSTRIP6000-LUMEN
4000K&OccupancySensors
$268 $124,937 63,886 $6,389 $31,756 $639 $38,783 3.22 31.0%
663 $169,227 168,314 $16,831 $46,456 $1,683 $64,971 2.60 38.4%
Estimated
TotalRebate
Total1st
year
saving
Payback ROI
TotalFixture
replacement
Pre Installation PostInstallation TotalCost Savings
UnitSell
Energy
SAVINGS
Jessup Warehouse LED retrofit
5/19/2024 14
Simple payback is the number of years it will take
for the savings to pay for the initial cost.
[ Initial Cost / Annual Savings ]
ROI "return on investment“ is the rate of return
(percentage) on an investment over a period
(years).
[ 1 / Simple Payback ]
16. Schaefer Tower Garage LED retrofit
Qty Fixture Description
Fixt.
Description
$ $ KWh $ $ 0.1 $ Year %
115 2XF96T8 78W LED $368 $42,320 42,311 $4,231 $6,900 $423 $11,554 3.66 27.3%
115 $42,320 42,311 $4,231 $6,900 $423 $11,554 3.66 27.3%
Savings
Energy
SAVINGS
Estimated
Total
Rebate
Total1st
year
saving
Payback ROI
HVAC
Savving
TotalFixture
replacement
Pre Installation
Post
Installation
Unit Sell TotalCost
5/19/2024 16
Simple payback is the number of years it will take
for the savings to pay for the initial cost.
[ Initial Cost / Annual Savings ]
ROI "return on investment“ is the rate of return
(percentage) on an investment over a period
(years).
[ 1 / Simple Payback ]
18. Governor office at Schaefer Tower
LED retrofit
Qty Fixture Description Fixt. Description $ $ KWh $ $ 0.1 $ Year %
24 4X32W T8 2x4 HighdefLED $209 $5,016 3,370 $337 $1,800 $0 $2,137 2.35 42.6%
46 8'" downlight 8" DpwnlightLED $255 $11,730 12,917 $1,292 $2,760 $129 $4,181 2.81 35.6%
70 $16,746 12,917 $1,292 $2,760 $129 $4,181 4.01 25.0%
Total 1st
year
saving
Payback ROI
Total Fixture
replacement
Pre Installation Post Installation Unit Sell Total Cost Savings
Energy
SAVINGS
Estimated
Total
Rebate
HVAC
Savving
5/19/2024 18
Simple payback is the number of years it will take
for the savings to pay for the initial cost.
[ Initial Cost / Annual Savings ]
ROI "return on investment“ is the rate of return
(percentage) on an investment over a period
(years).
[ 1 / Simple Payback ]
19. Improved Color Rendition/Visibility in Space
Longer Lamp Life
Less Maintenance (Normally a result of longer lamp life)
Adjust to target light levels
Improved Controls
HVAC Savings – Typically (1% to 2%) above
lighting savings for cooled spaces
Incentive from Utility Rebates
Other Benefits
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20. Hazardous Waste Disposal
Under current federal law, mercury-containing lamps
(fluorescent, HID) may be hazardous waste.
Lamps containing mercury that fail the
Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test
must be recycled!
EPA encourages responsible disposal practices
to limit the release of mercury into the environment.
TYPICAL MERCURY CONTENT OF VARIOUS LAMPS
250 watt Metal Halide lamp 38 mg
250 watt High Pressure Sodium lamp 15 mg
Typical T8 Fluorescent Tube 4-5 mg
Typical Compact Fluorescent (CFL) 4-5 mg
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21. Fluorescent Lamp/Ballast Change-out vs.
New Fixture “Rules of Thumb”
Install new fixtures when:
•Existing fixtures are over 20 years old
•Lamp holders are worn out
•Multiple components are failing
•Design requires change in fixture type
Retrofit existing fixtures with lamps & ballasts when:
•Existing fixtures are less than 20 years old
•Lamp holders and other components are still good
•Budget is very tight
•Expensive/Difficult/Environmental Conditions
Present (i.e. asbestos or excessive piping
and ducts in ceiling, etc.)
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