Lesson for grade 11 21st literature

1. 21st Century
Literature

2. QUICK CHECK!
1.The following are reasons why we should learn
our country’s literature EXCEPT:
A.To call out forefathers for our literary
limitations
B.To take pride in being a Filipino
C.To trace our rich heritage of ideas and culture
passed down to us
D.To understand our traditions better

3. QUICK CHECK!
2. Which of the following sequence best portrays the basic
timeline or periods of Philippine Literature?
a.American regime, Contemporary period, Japanese colonial
period, Pre-colonial period, Spanish colonial period
b.Pre-colonial period, Spanish colonial period, American
regime, Japanese colonial period, Contemporary period
c.Pre-colonial period, Spanish colonial period, Japanese
colonial period, Contemporary period, American regime
d.Spanish colonial period, American regime, Pre-colonial
period, Japanese colonial period, Contemporary period

4. QUICK CHECK!
3. This is known as the first Filipino nationalist
movement led by our Filipino heroes through
dissemination of books, leaflets and newspaper articles
for political reforms.
a.The Gabriela Women’s Party
b.The national Commission for culture and the Arts
(NCCA)
c.The Order of National Artists of the Philippines
d.The Propaganda Movement

5. QUICK CHECK!
4. These are the invaders, knights, soldiers,
thieves, and explorers of the Spanish and the
Portuguese Empires looking for new territories
that involve the search for spices and treasures,
among others.
a.Conquitadores
b.Conquitadors
c.Dictators
d.Merchants

6. QUICK CHECK!
5. The following are truths about the Philippine literature in the Spanish
Colonial Era except:
a. Realistic novels depicting the oppressions of Spanish colonizers were
evident, yet not so effective.
b. Religious themes dominated the culture of the Christianized majority
in the printing press.
c. The Spanish colonial strategy was to undermine the native oral
tradition by substituting for it the story of the Passion of Christ
(Cenakulo).
d. Traditional Tagalog poetry was still prominent during this time, and
Francisco Baltazar was the known and acknowledged master for this
literary form.

7. Objective:
Trace the historical events and development
of Philippine literature during American
Regime, Japanese Regime and Contemporary
Period

8. American Regime (1898-1944)
Western Influence
 Writing using the English language

9. American Regime (1898-1944)
The languages used in writings were
Spanish and Tagalog and the dialects
of the different regions.
“Thomasites”

10. Factors
 Freedom of expression
 Freedom of press
 Establishment of writers’ guild or
organizations
 Giving of incentives in the form of
awards to outstanding writers in
different genres

11. Prominent Periods that Emerged
Period of Reorientation (1898-1910)
English as a literary vehicle and a
medium of instruction in public
schools

12. Prominent Periods that Emerged
Period of Imitation(1910-1924)
UP College Folio published the
literary compositions of the First
Filipino writers in English (short story
writing) imitating American and
British models

13. Prominent Periods that Emerged
Period of Self-
discovery and
growth(1925-
1941)
Period of
Emerged
(1920-1945)
OVERLAPPING

14. Prominent Periods that Emerged
Period of Maturity and Originality (1945-1960)
 Writers enjoyed political independence.
 Mastery of English
 Influence of surrealism and existentialism evident
in some of the English fiction.

15. Two Clashing School of Thoughts
Art for art’s
sake dictum
JOSE GARCIA VILLA
Art for society’s
dictum
SALVADOR P. LOPEZ

16. Love for one’s native tongue!

17. Japanese Period

18. Japanese Period
1941-1945
“Dark Period”
Themes of brutalities, poverty, and brave
guerilla exploits.

19. Japanese Period
1941-1945

20. Japanese Period Poems
HAIKU
5
7
5
Syllabic Verse
SENRYU

21. Japanese Period Poems
TANAGA
7
7
7
7
Syllabic Verse
• KARANIWANG ANYO (Usual form)

22. Japanese Period Poems

23. Post-war and Modern Period

24. Contemporary Period (1946-present)
• The rebirth of Freedom: 1946-1970
• Period of Activism: 1970-1972
• Period of the New Society: 1972-1981
• Period of the Third Republic: 1981-1985

25. The rebirth of Freedom: 1946-1970
• Started during the rebirth of freedom
• “struggle of mind and
spirit” posed by the
sudden emancipation
from the enemy, and
wild desire to see print.

26. The rebirth of Freedom: 1946-1970
• Rapid rise in journalistic
writing: Appearance of
new publication esp. after
Martial Law Years
• CHED mandate to teach
Philippine Literature in all
tertiary schools

27. The rebirth of Freedom: 1946-1970
FICTION
• Focused on courageous deeds and
sacrifices/sufferings in the lives of
Filipinos

29. GUESS THE SUBJECTS AND THEMES!

30. Fiction Subjects and Themes

31. Fiction Subjects and Themes

32. Fiction Subjects and Themes

33. Fiction Subjects and Themes

34. Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970)
Heart of the Islands
(1947)
- A collection of
poems by Manuel
Viray
Philippines Cross
Section (1950)
-A collection of
prose and poetry by
Maximo Ramos
and Florentino
Valeros
Philippines Cross
Section (1950)
-Nick Joaquin

35. May Day Eve
• By Nick Joaquin
• Short story about love in a
patriarchal society
• The use of magic realism

36. Waywaya
• By F. Sionil Jose
• Short story about pre-Hispanic society
and the people’s struggle for moral
order

37. The Return
• By Edith L. Tiempo
• Sentimental poem that talks
about life in old age

38. Period of Activism
1970-1972

39. Period of Activism
1970-1972
• The Rise of Nationalism and Student Activism or The
Literary Revolution
• The youth became vocal with their sentiments:
Demand for change in government

40. Period of the New Society
1972-1981

41. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
• Martial Law began in 1972
• Curtailment of human rights including press
freedom
• New Society: a concept in Social
Transformation

42. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
• All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and
so with school organizations.
• The New Society tried to stop pornography or those
writings giving bad influences on the morals of the
people.

43. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
• Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual
awards.
• Magazines and comics
• Bilingual education initiated by the Board of National
Education

44. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
• Old days and dramas presented in the rebuilt
Metropolitan Theater, the Folk Arts Theater and the
Cultural Center of the Philippines:
Tagalog Zarzuela
Cenaculo
Embayoka of the Muslims

45. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
• Radio and TV patronized
• Play series: Si Matar, Dahlia, Ito and Palad Ko, and Mr.
Lonely
• Filipino Films

46. Period of the New Society
1972-1981
Themes in most writings:

47. Period of the Third Republic
1981-1985

48. Period of the Third Republic
1981-1985
• After ten years of military rule, Martial Rule was at last
lifted on January 2, 1981
• “The New Republic of the Philippines”

49. Period of the Third Republic (1981-1985)
POETRY
• Romantic and
Revolutionary
poems
• Open criticism
against the
government
SONGS
• True-to-life themes
• Grief, poverty,
aspirations for
freedom, love of
God, of country and
of fellowmen
FILMS
• People’s love for
sex films was
unabated
• Annual Festival
of Filipino films

50. Period of the
Third Republic
Themes
GRIEF POVERTY
ASPIRATION FOR FREEDOM LOVE OF GOD, COUNTRY
AND FELLOWMEN

51. Contemporary Period
(1986-present)

52. Contemporary Period (1986-present)
POST-EDSA 1 – REVOLUTION:
People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed
New Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and
even in the television programs

53. Contemporary Period (1986-present)
TV AND FILMS BECOME MORE POPULAR UNIVERSITY PRESSES HAVE PUBLISHED
COLLECTIONS AND ANTHOLOGIES
MORE WRITING WORKSHOPS AND CONTESTS FOR BUDDING WRITERS

54. Contemporary Period (1986-present
ILLUSTRATED NOVELS CHICK LIT