The document discusses issues with the current Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union. It argues that the CAP is destroying the environment, perpetuating myths about food production needs, and putting farmers out of business. The CAP contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and loss of biodiversity by supporting large agribusinesses over environmentally responsible family farms. Change is needed to the CAP to support sustainable farming practices and environmental protection.
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1) Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic and psychosexual stages of development.
2) Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.
3) Albert Bandura's social cognitive learning theory.
It also briefly mentions other approaches like information processing, dynamic systems theory, and Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. For each theory, it provides background on the theorist and summarizes their main stages or concepts of child development. The document is intended to help students understand different perspectives on how children develop.
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There are several ways to measure development including economic, social, and environmental indicators. Economic indicators include GDP, GNP, and PPP but have limitations in capturing how wealth is distributed or environmental/social impacts. Social indices like the HDI and HPI provide a more holistic view by combining factors like education, health, and standard of living. Multiple component indices are useful for comparisons but don't show imbalances in their underlying indicators. An accurate overall assessment requires considering various factors from different perspectives.
The Regional Plan for Collective Action in Eastern & Southern Africa: improvi...ILRI
A presentation by Ravi Prabhu at the Workshop on Defining a Strategic Agricultural Research Agenda on Post-Crisis/Post-Shock Recovery in Highly Stressed Systems, Nairobi, May 22-23, 2008
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The document discusses three major theories of human development: mechanistic, organismic, and contextualist. The mechanistic view sees development as driven by universal laws and quantifiable causes. The organismic view views development as an active, qualitative process towards greater organization. The contextualist view emphasizes that development occurs within social and historical contexts and that individuals are active meaning-makers.
The document introduces part 2 of a module on development. It will discuss the importance of normative judgments in development debates and relate development concepts like human development, capabilities, and freedom. It will introduce Amartya Sen's human development and capability approach and thesis of "Development as Freedom." Development can be legitimated through normative, empirical, and predictive analyses, which are interconnected. Normative approaches shape what data is collected, analyses, and policies by influencing definitions of concepts like poverty. Different views of development lead to different policy choices and trade-offs.
This document provides an overview of several theoretical perspectives on child development, including:
1) Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic and psychosexual stages of development.
2) Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages of development.
3) Albert Bandura's social cognitive learning theory.
It also briefly mentions other approaches like information processing, dynamic systems theory, and Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory. For each theory, it provides background on the theorist and summarizes their main stages or concepts of child development. The document is intended to help students understand different perspectives on how children develop.
Modernization Theory posited that societies progress through predictable and universal stages of development from traditional to modern. It was influenced by evolutionary and functionalist theories. Relatively modernized societies are characterized by specialization, rational cultural norms, and emphasis on markets, while relatively non-modern societies emphasize tradition, particularism, and self-sufficiency. Late industrializers have advantages like learning from others but also challenges converting resources and disappointing expectations. Theories assumed modernization was systematic, transformative, phased, and brought countries closer to Western models through diffusion, but critics argue it ignored foreign influence and need for indigenous values.
Presentation on Dependency Theory for PS 212 Culture and Politics in the Third World at the University of Kentucky, Summer 2007. Dr. Christopher S. Rice, Instructor.
14 Development Definitions And Measuring DevelopmentEcumene
There are several ways to measure development including economic, social, and environmental indicators. Economic indicators include GDP, GNP, and PPP but have limitations in capturing how wealth is distributed or environmental/social impacts. Social indices like the HDI and HPI provide a more holistic view by combining factors like education, health, and standard of living. Multiple component indices are useful for comparisons but don't show imbalances in their underlying indicators. An accurate overall assessment requires considering various factors from different perspectives.
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The document discusses the need to transform food systems to address the biodiversity crisis caused by current agricultural practices. It notes that agriculture is the top driver of biodiversity loss in both the global and European contexts due to practices like landscape simplification and intensification. Solutions proposed include making space for nature on farms, integrated pest management, and minimizing nutrient loss. However, current policies like the CAP are not sufficient and instead exacerbate issues. Fundamental CAP reform is required to align with the EU's Farm to Fork and Biodiversity Strategies and drive the necessary transformative change to food systems to save threatened species from extinction.
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19 जून को बॉम्बे हाई कोर्ट ने विवादित फिल्म ‘हमारे बारह’ को 21 जून को थिएटर में रिलीज करने का रास्ता साफ कर दिया, हालांकि यह सुनिश्चित करने के बाद कि फिल्म निर्माता कुछ आपत्तिजनक अंशों को हटा दें।
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1. The study compares private and social values generated by Tunisia's cork oak forests, which provide environmental services like watershed protection but are degraded through overgrazing.
2. Private benefits were $96.8/ha but private costs were $33.4/ha, while external benefits were $24.9/ha and external costs were $7/ha. This shows forests are undervalued when ecosystem services are ignored.
3. Payments for environmental services from downstream water users and the global community concerned with carbon and biodiversity could incentivize sustainable use and compensate for lost income from reducing degradation, enhancing both private and social economic values.
A Plea for a change in Luxembourg's Agricultural PolicyBeeTogetherLux
This document calls for a change in direction of Luxembourg's agricultural policy to focus on more sustainable practices that prioritize food production for local consumption. It argues that the current policy overly focuses on exporting dairy and importing animal feed, harming the environment, rural communities and food security. The document proposes specific reforms, including increasing vegetable production and organic farming, reducing dependence on imports, protecting biodiversity and water quality, and ensuring agricultural policies support small farmers globally and limit land grabs.
The document discusses the need to transform food systems to address the biodiversity crisis caused by current agricultural practices. It notes that agriculture is the top driver of biodiversity loss in both the global and European contexts due to practices like landscape simplification and intensification. Solutions proposed include making space for nature on farms, integrated pest management, and minimizing nutrient loss. However, current policies like the CAP are not sufficient and instead exacerbate issues. Fundamental CAP reform is required to align with the EU's Farm to Fork and Biodiversity Strategies and drive the necessary transformative change to food systems to save threatened species from extinction.
Natural Capital is the stock of natural ecosystems, species, freshwater, land, minerals, and atmosphere that combine to sustain life on Earth. The Natural Capital Declaration is a finance-led initiative to account for and embed natural capital considerations within investment, banking, and loan decisions. It centers on four commitments: understanding impacts and dependencies on natural capital, embedding natural capital in financial products and services, working towards integrated reporting and disclosure, and integrating natural capital in accounting and decision making. The goal is to facilitate methodologies and standards to operationalize these commitments and create more sustainable finance sector practices.
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Urban agriculture can help address the impacts of climate change and increase food security in cities. It reduces greenhouse gas emissions by decreasing transportation and fossil fuel use. Urban agriculture also promotes nutrient cycling, waste management through composting, and enhances the urban environment through greening. While land and water access pose difficulties, low-cost techniques like container gardening can help overcome these challenges and allow urban agriculture to provide multiple benefits in urban areas vulnerable to climate change impacts.
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This document discusses the scope and advantages of integrated farming systems. It notes that individual crop technologies have become economically unviable, so farmers need to link multiple allied enterprises to improve income. Integrated farming systems provide a solution for poor, marginal farmers in India, especially in dryland areas with uncertain rainfall and yields. The advantages of integrated farming systems include increased productivity and profitability through intensification and synergies between components. It also improves sustainability, food security, environmental protection, recycling, and provides a steady income year-round. Overall, integrated farming systems address many issues facing agriculture like energy, fodder, fuel, timber crises as well as employment, education, and standards of living.
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विवादास्पद फिल्म के ट्रेलर से गाली-गलौज वाले दृश्य हटा दिए गए हैं, और जुर्माना लगाया गया है। सुप्रीम कोर्ट और बॉम्बे हाई कोर्ट दोनों ने फिल्म की रिलीज पर रोक लगा दी है और उसे निलंबित कर दिया है। पहले यह फिल्म 7 जून और फिर 14 जून को रिलीज होने वाली थी, लेकिन अब यह 21 जून को रिलीज हो रही है।
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1. WE ARE FACING A CRISIS
IN FARMING AND NATURE!
Today, the European Union’s
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is ...
DESTROYING PERPETUATING A MYTH
THAT WE NEED TO PRODUCE MORE
OUR ENVIRONMENT FOOD IN EUROPE TO FEED THE WORLD
PUTTING FARMERS
OUT OF BUSINESS
€ 77% OF EUROPEAN CITIZENS WANT MORE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ATTACHED TO CAP PAYMENTS
NOW IS THE TIME FOR CHANGE
2. FOR THE PAST 50 YEARS, CAP HAS HELPED
THE COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY ACCELERATE THE ONSET OF CLIMATE CHANGE
- THE LARGEST PART OF THE EU BUDGET - AND THE DESTRUCTION OF OUR ENVIRONMENT …
People pay for their food up to 3 times... The agri-food industry contributes over
Agricultural policy
29% of EU greenhouse gas emissions
costs
29%
2
€57.7 IN SUBSIDIES
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL
BILLION
A N N UA L LY 1
CLEAN-UP
=
3
In rural areas, the populations of about …
IN THE
€ 40% STORE
OF THE ENTIRE
EU BUDGET 50% of plants
33% of insects
80% of farmland birds
… have disappeared.
Every Household
€227 The average European
household contributes € 277
per year or € 1,939 between
The water footprint of agricultural products
contributes by far the largest fraction of
The cost of soil
degradation
the total water footprint of EU27+1 is estimated at
2007-2013.
75%
of the agricultural budget is spent on
direct subsidies, awarded to farmers
Home - 114 liters
3,100L
€38
BILLION
with very few conditions attached. 25%
VOTE FOR A N N UA L LY
CHANGE
The remaining 25% of the agricultural budget is
spent on conditional and more effective subsidies
for rural development. Industry - 207 liters Agriculture
3. EUROPE’S AGRICULTURAL POLICY FOOD SECURITY INSIDE THE EU AND IN THE
HAS FAILED TO SUPPORT DEVELOPING WORLD DOES NOT RELY ON CAP
ENVIRONMENTALLY-RESPONSIBLE FARMERS
Europe’s agricultural policy mostly Annually 90 million tonnes of food, or 179kg per person, or
€
supports big agri-food industry… € 50% of all edible and healthy food is wasted in EU households,
€
supermarkets, restaurants and along the food supply chain.
€
€
€
20%
€ €
€
€ 80% of farm subsidies
90
go to 20% of the
80%
beneficiaries.
50%
MILLION TONNES
One farmer goes
OUT OF BUSINESS
=
every minute in Europe.
1min.
And food wastage in the EU is
expected to grow by 40% by 2020
while 16 million Europeans
depend on food aid from
charitable institutions 40%
GROWTH
3.7
Do you know who is being Over the last 10 years, employment 2012 2020
paid EU farm subsidies? in farming has dropped by 25%
with an overall loss of
MILLION JOBS Europe does not have to
10% FEED THE WORLD
VOTE FOR It needs to help developing countries become
CHANGE
Only 10% of SELF SUFFICIENT
beneficiary names are public
4. HERE’S HOW EUROPE CAN
CHANGE THIS DESTRUCTIVE COURSE
REJECT ILLEGAL DOUBLE SUBSIDIES, ENSURE ALL FARMERS UNDERTAKE GOOD
PROPOSED BY THE AGRI COMMITTEE WHICH FARMING PRACTICES, RESPECTING THE
WOULD PAY FARMERS TWICE FOR CARRYING ENVIRONMENT IN RETURN FOR CAP DIRECT
OUT THE SAME ACTIVITY: SUBSIDIES (SO-CALLED ‘GREENING’):
We urge all Members of
The AGRI Committee proposes the same environmental measures The AGRI Committee significantly watered down the Commission’s
the European Parliament, to be subsidised twice: under Pillar 2 (Rural Development) and mandatory greening package to a voluntary system where Member
to vote for a true reform of ALSO under Pillar 1 (Direct Payments). Such illegal double funding States can replace the three common farming practices with weaker
cannot be defended by the plenary. measures. The AGRI Committee also exempts a large proportion of
the Common Agricultural farmers from ‘greening’ altogether.
Policy (CAP), that stops
wasting taxpayers' money on
REINTRODUCE REQUIREMENTS FOR FARMERS TO
a policy that is responsible
COMPLY WITH EU LAWS ON THE ENVIRONMENT,
for the disappearance of SUPPORT HIGH NATURE VALUE AND ORGANIC FOOD SAFETY, ANIMAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH WHEN
essential biodiversity from FARMING SYSTEMS: RECEIVING EU SUBSIDIES:
our countryside and does The AGRI Committee failed to provide much-needed support for High Around half of these existing requirements have been watered down or
little for rural employment. Nature Value and organic farming systems. These farmers play a entirely deleted by the AGRI Committee, resulting in a weakening of the
crucial part in protecting the natural environment and supporting “cross-compliance” mechanism. The AGRI Committee has also rejected
rural economies. Therefore these farmers need a specific thematic the inclusion of environmental legislation such as the Water Framework
sub-programme that brings together support for all rural development and Pesticides Directives, and public health measures such as the ban
measures relevant to these farming systems. on hormones. De facto, The AGRI Committee does not want to take
subsidies away from farmers when breaking the law.
STOP THE CRISIS!
START SUPPORTING THE ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTALLY-RESPONSIBLE FARMERS.