الجمهورية العربية السورية نقابة المهندسين السوريين- الكود العربي السوري الأساس 2012
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لكود العربي السوري الخرسانة المسلحة 2012-
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التجارب والاشتراطات والحلول وملائمة وقيول مقاومة الخرسانة الأقل من المقاومة...
يمكن لمهندس التنفيذ المسؤول اجراء احد الاجراءات الأتية
قبل تقرير رفض مقاومة الخرسانة الفعلية من الاستشاري او بعده
- لا يجوز للاستشاري رفض احد الحلول الواردة في كود التصميم
والتفيذ حول ملائمة عينات تجارب الكسر او خرسانة مصبوبة
مقاومتها الفعلية اقل من مقاومة التصميم بالضغط
Effect of sliding mold on core walls and seismic- تأثيرالقالب المنزلق على جدر...
• The most important construction process of an executive you need to control is the use of sliding mold In tower buildings, high
skyscrapers in high-intensity seismic zones
• The full pour the concrete core and then use the dowel bolts and splices later In connecting slabs and the ceiling beams to concrete
core In areas with high seismic intensity 3-4
Manual designed for seismic resistance Frames Moment- Portal's method - التص...
Manual designed for seismic resistance Frames Moment- Portal's method - التصميم اليدوي لجملة اطارات عزمية مقاومة للزلزل
Frame bending moment diagrams for vertical and horizontal loading Portal's method Columns having floor beam on both sides i.e.inner columns have twice the stiffness compared to end columns. Storey shear is distribute... more abstract
Seismic Engineering
core shear walls to resist the full shear forces base without the participat...
Permitted the core shear walls to resist the full shear forces base without the participation frames How do you explain it
Humming earthquakes incident - حادثة الطنين من الزلازل والاهتزاز وتصدع الأبن...
Humming earthquakes incident
&vibration cracking buildings
حادثة الطنين من الزلازل والاهتزاز وتصدع الأبنية
Precast Concrete Connection - Details - الخرسانة الجاهزة - مسبقة الصنع وعناصر...
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment. transported to the construction site and lifted into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site.
Design Frames manually - Seismic resistance - تصميم الاطارات يدويا - مقاوم...
Design Frames manually - moments resistance to Vertical loads
Flat_Slab_Punching shear Design ACI 318-08 - تسليح القص بالثقب فلات سلاب – ال...
تسليح القص بالثقب فلات سلاب – البلاطات اللاكمرية ACI318-08_RC_Flat_Slab_Punching shear Design ACI 318-08- punching shear reinforce ment
Structural Engineering
Recommended
التجارب والاشتراطات والحلول وملائمة وقيول مقاومة الخرسانة الأقل من المقاومة...
يمكن لمهندس التنفيذ المسؤول اجراء احد الاجراءات الأتية
قبل تقرير رفض مقاومة الخرسانة الفعلية من الاستشاري او بعده
- لا يجوز للاستشاري رفض احد الحلول الواردة في كود التصميم
والتفيذ حول ملائمة عينات تجارب الكسر او خرسانة مصبوبة
مقاومتها الفعلية اقل من مقاومة التصميم بالضغط
Effect of sliding mold on core walls and seismic- تأثيرالقالب المنزلق على جدر...
• The most important construction process of an executive you need to control is the use of sliding mold In tower buildings, high
skyscrapers in high-intensity seismic zones
• The full pour the concrete core and then use the dowel bolts and splices later In connecting slabs and the ceiling beams to concrete
core In areas with high seismic intensity 3-4
Manual designed for seismic resistance Frames Moment- Portal's method - التص...
Manual designed for seismic resistance Frames Moment- Portal's method - التصميم اليدوي لجملة اطارات عزمية مقاومة للزلزل
Frame bending moment diagrams for vertical and horizontal loading Portal's method Columns having floor beam on both sides i.e.inner columns have twice the stiffness compared to end columns. Storey shear is distribute... more abstract
Seismic Engineering
core shear walls to resist the full shear forces base without the participat...
Permitted the core shear walls to resist the full shear forces base without the participation frames How do you explain it
Humming earthquakes incident - حادثة الطنين من الزلازل والاهتزاز وتصدع الأبن...
Humming earthquakes incident
&vibration cracking buildings
حادثة الطنين من الزلازل والاهتزاز وتصدع الأبنية
Precast Concrete Connection - Details - الخرسانة الجاهزة - مسبقة الصنع وعناصر...
Precast concrete is a construction product produced by casting concrete in a reusable mold or "form" which is then cured in a controlled environment. transported to the construction site and lifted into place. In contrast, standard concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site.
Design Frames manually - Seismic resistance - تصميم الاطارات يدويا - مقاوم...
Design Frames manually - moments resistance to Vertical loads
Flat_Slab_Punching shear Design ACI 318-08 - تسليح القص بالثقب فلات سلاب – ال...
تسليح القص بالثقب فلات سلاب – البلاطات اللاكمرية ACI318-08_RC_Flat_Slab_Punching shear Design ACI 318-08- punching shear reinforce ment
Structural Engineering
Rigid – Semi Rigid -Flexible -تصميم بلاطة الديافرام لمقاومة قوى الزلازل -Dia...
There are some circumstances, however, where the rigid diaphragm assumption may not be appropriate: floors with numerous openings, roof diaphragms of metal decking without concrete fill or of plywood sheathing, etc. Long, narrow diaphragms may be considered rigid in one direction but not in the other. For structures with multiple wings, such as L- or C-shaped buildings where the ends of the wings can drift independently of each other, the rigid diaphragm analysis may not be appropriate since it would lock the ends of the wings together, constraining them to move in unison
Seismic analysis and design
Tube structural systemsHigh-rise Building & tubular structures الأبنية البرجي...
One most efficient structural systems against heavy wind loads is the bundled tube structural system A bundled tube typically consists of a number of individual tubes interconnected to form a multicell tube, in which the frames in the lateral load direction resist the shears, while the flange frames carry most of the overturning moments. يجب أن تقاوم الجمل الإنشائية structural systems المستخدمة في الأبنية العالية الأحمال الجانبية كما يجب أن توفر حلاً اقتصادياً بحيث تُستخدم المواد استخداماً فعالاً. فأكثر الجمل الإنشائية فعالية تلك التي تقاوم القوى الجانبية من دون زيادة تذكر في استهلاك المواد عن تلك اللازمة لمقاومة الأوزان الشاقولية، أي لا تنتج كلفة إضافية عن الزيادة في ارتفاع البناء. وبناء على هذا تصنف الجمل الإنشائية في الأبنية العالية
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأب...
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأبنية البرجية- Construction of Transfer Plate
It is the Slab / Beam from which picked up columns may be started where there are no columns underneath. So, it is a kindl of frame in which upper storey columns are directly supported over these slab and hence are cr... more abstract
Best civil engineering structures
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
Here includes The Best civil engineering structures ever built by mankind till date.
لماذا المهندسون لايصممون البناء ليقاوم الزلازل- - What is the meaning buildin...
الخلاصة:
- فلا يمكن قبول مسكن او شقة او بناء نعرف سلفا انه سيتشقق او يتصدع فوق رؤوس الساكنين
عند وقوع الزلزال ويصبح اصحابه مشردين او نازحين بحجة التوفير والاقتصاد
- لماذا لا نصمم البناء على كامل قوة الزلزال واكثر حتى لا يتشقق ويتصدع ونعيد ترميمه وتدعيمه من جديد
لماذا نعتمد على اشياء وهمية غير موثوقة من تشكل المفاصل اللدنة في العناصر المقاومة للزلزل
ووصول مقاومته الى المنطقة اللدنة وتشتيت طاقة الزلزال
وهذا اكيد لن يحدث لتواجد سبب واحد من سوء التنفيذ الى تدني جودة المواد الى قلة الخبرة
- انه الجنون بعينة والانتحار Conclusion
. - it cannot be accept housing, apartment or building in advance know that crack or fall apart over the heads of residents Upon the occurrence of the earthquake and occupants become homeless or displaced Under the pretext of saving and the economy
- Why do not designed to build on the full force of the earthquake and more so as not to crack and fall apart and re-restored and strengthened again
Why rely on things fake unreliable form of arthritis sulfides in the resistance elements of the earthquake And the arrival of its resistance to the Teflon region and distracting power of the earthquake
and that's for sure not going to happen for the presence of a single cause Poor implementation of the low-quality materials to the lack of experience
- It's a sample of madness and suicide
Greeting- تحياتي
D.r youssef hammida
Seminar abstract non seismic walls -مقاومة قوى الزلازل بالإطارات فقط واهمال ج...
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like stairwells, ele
vator shafts and so forth?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in
Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these
walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dis
sertation
effect of non seismic walls
Effect of non Seismic Walls
On Moment Resisting Frames in buildings.
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like
(stairwells, elevator shafts and so forth)?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dissertation
Non seismic walls تأثير الجدرات المعمارية على مقاومة الزلازل
(Dual - System)
Seminar Abstract – Non Seismic Walls
The performance of the Dual systems (frames and walls) in resisting earthquakes.
And the efficiency of neglecting the walls (Reinforce concrete, masonry, partition, fill) and depending Completely on
the frames in resisting the seismic loads.
and what are the Effecting factors which will occur from
neglecting these walls ?
like (Rigidity – Eccentricity – Torsion – Period - Base Shear)
On the behave of the Moment resisting Frames
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like stairwells, elevator shafts and so forth?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in
Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these
walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dissertation
Blast resistant structures تفجيرات
Design buildings to withstand explosions
-If the seismic design is based on the work of structural elements
Sulfides in the region and achieve plasticity and slow collapse
Cracks and not fragile and sudden as we have seen in earthquakes
-The design elements of the resistance of origin in the bombings -
In addition, based on the theory of relay payloads
The transition to the next element and stop the progress cracking
The collapse of neighboring elements
In any case cracked component or suddenly collapse on neighboring elements
To bear the full loads and resist the influence of the stress resulting from the exit
One of the elements of service
- Can be found in detail step by step -
On the theory and how to design a sentence construction to resist
Bombings and compared with the seismic design and similarities between them
Greetings
Design for free standing stairs - • تصميم الأدراح الحرة الحلزونية والمنحنية
Stairs are essential features of all residential and commercial buildings.
From architectural point of view, free-standing stairs are more attractive than ordinary ones.
However, due to the lack of a simple rational design code, designers are forced to make a conservative design resulting in a.n unnecessarily heavy looking structure
Examples Design SeismicTanks
Design elevated tanks Dynamic Analysis
Response spectrum Spring mass model
Examples solved according to
Egyptian - European -Code
Models High tanks – floor-design
Roofed - exposed - concrete - metal
1. High-tank reinforced concrete roofed propped on a framework (4) columns
2. - High-roofed reinforced concrete tank propped on a framework (6) columns
3 - High-roofed reinforced concrete tank propped on Core Reinforced Concrete
4 - Ground-roofed metal circular tank propped directly on the soil
5 - Ground tank Exposed reinforced concrete circular propped directly on the soil
6. - Ground tank Exposed reinforced concrete rectangular propped directly on the soil
. INTRODUCTION
-It is well recognized that liquid storage tanks possess low ductility and energy
Absorbing capacity as compared to the conventional buildings. Accordingly, various
Design codes provide higher level of design seismic forces for tanks. In this article,
Provisions of IBC 2000, ACI, AWWA, API, Euro code 8 and NZSEE guidelines are
Reviewed to assess the severity of design seismic forces for tanks vis-à-vis those
Buildings It is seen that, depending on the type of tank, design seismic force for tanks
Seismic safety of liquid storage tanks is of considerable importance.
Water storage tanks should remain functional in the post earthquake period to
ensure potable water supply to earthquake-affected regions and to cater the
need for fire fighting. Industrial liquid containing tanks may contain highly
toxic and inflammable liquids and these tanks should not loose their contents
during the earthquake. Liquid storage tanks are mainly of two types: ground
supported tanks and elevated tanks. Elevated tanks are mainly used for water
supply schemes and they could be supported on RCC shaft, RCC or steel
frame, or masonry pedestal
Dr. Hamida
Coupling beams design كمرات وجوائز ربط بجدران القص
Coupling Beams Design in High-Rise Core-Wall Structures
Shear wall structures are most important lateral-force-resisting-systems that have been shown to be
very efficient in resisting seismic loads. But previous earthquake damages showed that the coupling
beams were easily damaged in the earthquake and it was often used as an energy dissipation part in structures.
Soils Reinforcement Retaing walls- التربة المسلحة في الجدران الاستنادية
تطورت أنظمة تسليح التربة بشكل فعال حيث ظهر كثير من المواد البوليميرية التي يتم صناعتها أساسا من الألياف الصناعية وذات الخصائص والاستعمالات المختلفة مثل النسيج الصناعي والشبك الصناعي وقد تم استخدام هذه المواد في مجالات مختلفة أهمها إنشاء الطرق علي الأراضي الضعيفة وجسور السكك الحديدية وأسفل المنشآت البحرية مثل حماية الشواطئ والأرصفة والميول ودعامات الكباري والحوائط الساندة وأخيرا تم استخدامها في
تقوية التربة أسفل الأساسات
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE SRW) Wall is a composite construction material in which the strength of the engineering fill is enhanced by the addition of strong tensile reinforcement in the form of metal strips, geotextiles, or geogrids .
الكود العربي السوري - تفاصيل ورسومات انشائية تصميم وتنفيذ شاملة لكافة عناصر ا...
(الكود العربي السوري المرادف الكود الأمريكي – ACI ) مخططات تفاصل ورسومات انشائية شاملة
13 A جميع عناصر
البناء الانشائية خرسانة مسلحة- تصميم + تنفيذ
– مساقط افقية ومقاطع تسليح
– يحتاجها كل مهندس تصميم انشائي وحتى المعماري
Topics and articles_in_structural_engine - موضوعات وبرامج تصميم انشائية
Design and Structural Excel sheet programs
Topics and articles in Structural Engineering
In design - and public safety local and international
engineering codes And maintain the integrity of
building and the lives of vacancies
في التصميم - التنفيذ- والسلامة العامة
و فق الكودات الهندسية المحلية والعالمية
والحفاظ على سلامة البناء وحياة الشاغرين
Truss bridges جسور وكباري معدنية شبكية-
Image Brides
trusses - steel bridges
اشكال جسور الطرقات والكباري المعدنية الشبكية
Post tensioning شد لاحق - مسبق الاجهاد
In post-tensioning systems
the ducts for the tendons (or strands) are placed along with the reinforcement before the casting of concrete. The tendons are placed in the ducts
after the casting of concrete. The duct prevents contact between concrete and the
tendons during the tension operation.
Unlike pre-tension
the tendons are pulled with the reaction acting against the hardened concrete.
if the ducts are filled with grout
then it is known as bonded post-tension.
The grout is a neat cement paste or a sand-cement mortar containing suitable admixture. The
grouting operation is discussed later in the section.
Grouting
Grouting can be defined as the filling of duct, with a material
that provides an anti corrosive alkaline environment to the
prestressing steel and alsoa strong bond between
the tendon and the surrounding grout.
The major part of grout
comprises of water and cement, with a water-to
-cement ratio of about 0.5, together with some water-reducing admixtures, expansion agent
In unbonded post-tensioning,
as the name suggests, the ducts are never grouted and
the tendon is held in tension solely by the end anchorages.
The various stages of the post-tensioning operation
are summarised as follows.
1) Casting of concrete.
2) Placement of the tendons.
3) Placement of the anchorage block and jack.
4) Applying tension to the tendons.
5) Seating of the wedges.
6) Cutting of the tendon
Intermediate Moment Resisting Frame - الاطارات المتوسطة المقاومة للعزوم - وف...
IMFs are expected to withstand limited inelastic deformations in their members and connections as a result of lateral forces
and require the use of pre-qualified connections per the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) or connections that have undergone and passed a qualifying cyclic test.
IMFs must sustain an inter-story drift angle of up to 0.02 radians, and are typically used in low/mid-seismic regions.
Seismic soil retaining walls - ضغط تربة الزلازل على جدران الأقبية -الساندة ...
Seismic Earth Pressures on Retaining Structures and Basement Walls
In the present state of knowledge, the recommended method of obtaining seismic soil forces is that using equivalent-static analysis. Only for exceptional structures would dynamic analyses using finite elements seem warranted.
In the equivalent-static method, a horizontal earthquake force equal to the weight of the soil wedge multiplied by a seismic coefficient is assumed to act at the centre of gravity of the soil mass. This earthquake force is additional to the static forces on the wall.
In general, the total soil pressure on a wall during an earthquake equals the sum of three possible components:
(1) static pressure due to gravity loads;
(2) dynamic pressure due to the earthquake;
(3) pressure due to the wall being displaced into the backfill by an external force, e.g. by the horizontal sway of a bridge deck at a monolithic abutment
university of southern california civil engineering academia.edu
civil engineering academia.edu
research sheet in seismic design
Design strengthening of beams slabs with carbon (fiber) FRP تصميم تقوية الج...
FRP Strengthening
Hevilifts is a leading designer and installer of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) products for repair and strengthening of structures. FRP can be used in existing buildings to strengthen floors and walls for larger live loads, to increase strength and ductility of columns, to correct excessive deflections, to increase shear capacity of beams and to repair and strengthen corrosion damage. FRP can be used in bridges to strengthen girders for increased live load, shear and for the repair of corrosion damage.
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Rigid – Semi Rigid -Flexible -تصميم بلاطة الديافرام لمقاومة قوى الزلازل -Dia...
There are some circumstances, however, where the rigid diaphragm assumption may not be appropriate: floors with numerous openings, roof diaphragms of metal decking without concrete fill or of plywood sheathing, etc. Long, narrow diaphragms may be considered rigid in one direction but not in the other. For structures with multiple wings, such as L- or C-shaped buildings where the ends of the wings can drift independently of each other, the rigid diaphragm analysis may not be appropriate since it would lock the ends of the wings together, constraining them to move in unison
Seismic analysis and design
Tube structural systemsHigh-rise Building & tubular structures الأبنية البرجي...
One most efficient structural systems against heavy wind loads is the bundled tube structural system A bundled tube typically consists of a number of individual tubes interconnected to form a multicell tube, in which the frames in the lateral load direction resist the shears, while the flange frames carry most of the overturning moments. يجب أن تقاوم الجمل الإنشائية structural systems المستخدمة في الأبنية العالية الأحمال الجانبية كما يجب أن توفر حلاً اقتصادياً بحيث تُستخدم المواد استخداماً فعالاً. فأكثر الجمل الإنشائية فعالية تلك التي تقاوم القوى الجانبية من دون زيادة تذكر في استهلاك المواد عن تلك اللازمة لمقاومة الأوزان الشاقولية، أي لا تنتج كلفة إضافية عن الزيادة في ارتفاع البناء. وبناء على هذا تصنف الجمل الإنشائية في الأبنية العالية
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأب...
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأبنية البرجية- Construction of Transfer Plate
It is the Slab / Beam from which picked up columns may be started where there are no columns underneath. So, it is a kindl of frame in which upper storey columns are directly supported over these slab and hence are cr... more abstract
Best civil engineering structures
Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.
Here includes The Best civil engineering structures ever built by mankind till date.
لماذا المهندسون لايصممون البناء ليقاوم الزلازل- - What is the meaning buildin...
الخلاصة:
- فلا يمكن قبول مسكن او شقة او بناء نعرف سلفا انه سيتشقق او يتصدع فوق رؤوس الساكنين
عند وقوع الزلزال ويصبح اصحابه مشردين او نازحين بحجة التوفير والاقتصاد
- لماذا لا نصمم البناء على كامل قوة الزلزال واكثر حتى لا يتشقق ويتصدع ونعيد ترميمه وتدعيمه من جديد
لماذا نعتمد على اشياء وهمية غير موثوقة من تشكل المفاصل اللدنة في العناصر المقاومة للزلزل
ووصول مقاومته الى المنطقة اللدنة وتشتيت طاقة الزلزال
وهذا اكيد لن يحدث لتواجد سبب واحد من سوء التنفيذ الى تدني جودة المواد الى قلة الخبرة
- انه الجنون بعينة والانتحار Conclusion
. - it cannot be accept housing, apartment or building in advance know that crack or fall apart over the heads of residents Upon the occurrence of the earthquake and occupants become homeless or displaced Under the pretext of saving and the economy
- Why do not designed to build on the full force of the earthquake and more so as not to crack and fall apart and re-restored and strengthened again
Why rely on things fake unreliable form of arthritis sulfides in the resistance elements of the earthquake And the arrival of its resistance to the Teflon region and distracting power of the earthquake
and that's for sure not going to happen for the presence of a single cause Poor implementation of the low-quality materials to the lack of experience
- It's a sample of madness and suicide
Greeting- تحياتي
D.r youssef hammida
Seminar abstract non seismic walls -مقاومة قوى الزلازل بالإطارات فقط واهمال ج...
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like stairwells, ele
vator shafts and so forth?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in
Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these
walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dis
sertation
effect of non seismic walls
Effect of non Seismic Walls
On Moment Resisting Frames in buildings.
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like
(stairwells, elevator shafts and so forth)?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dissertation
Non seismic walls تأثير الجدرات المعمارية على مقاومة الزلازل
(Dual - System)
Seminar Abstract – Non Seismic Walls
The performance of the Dual systems (frames and walls) in resisting earthquakes.
And the efficiency of neglecting the walls (Reinforce concrete, masonry, partition, fill) and depending Completely on
the frames in resisting the seismic loads.
and what are the Effecting factors which will occur from
neglecting these walls ?
like (Rigidity – Eccentricity – Torsion – Period - Base Shear)
On the behave of the Moment resisting Frames
Can we neglect reinforce concrete walls like stairwells, elevator shafts and so forth?
*And what are the behavior of these walls during the yielding
point for the steel in work stress stage uncracked section
[Elastic Response Parameters] and after the yielding point in
Plastic stage cracked section (Ultimate strength) since
*(Plastic Hinges) will occur in the Frames during plastic
stage And the frames shall peer all the entire seismic loads
And what are these Condition and arrangements to keep
the section walls in safety during plastic stage
so they can carry just the ordinary(D+L) axial loads.
Dose reinforcement for axial ordinary loads enough for these
walls from collapsing?
All these answers you will get it when you look at the Dissertation
Blast resistant structures تفجيرات
Design buildings to withstand explosions
-If the seismic design is based on the work of structural elements
Sulfides in the region and achieve plasticity and slow collapse
Cracks and not fragile and sudden as we have seen in earthquakes
-The design elements of the resistance of origin in the bombings -
In addition, based on the theory of relay payloads
The transition to the next element and stop the progress cracking
The collapse of neighboring elements
In any case cracked component or suddenly collapse on neighboring elements
To bear the full loads and resist the influence of the stress resulting from the exit
One of the elements of service
- Can be found in detail step by step -
On the theory and how to design a sentence construction to resist
Bombings and compared with the seismic design and similarities between them
Greetings
Design for free standing stairs - • تصميم الأدراح الحرة الحلزونية والمنحنية
Stairs are essential features of all residential and commercial buildings.
From architectural point of view, free-standing stairs are more attractive than ordinary ones.
However, due to the lack of a simple rational design code, designers are forced to make a conservative design resulting in a.n unnecessarily heavy looking structure
Examples Design SeismicTanks
Design elevated tanks Dynamic Analysis
Response spectrum Spring mass model
Examples solved according to
Egyptian - European -Code
Models High tanks – floor-design
Roofed - exposed - concrete - metal
1. High-tank reinforced concrete roofed propped on a framework (4) columns
2. - High-roofed reinforced concrete tank propped on a framework (6) columns
3 - High-roofed reinforced concrete tank propped on Core Reinforced Concrete
4 - Ground-roofed metal circular tank propped directly on the soil
5 - Ground tank Exposed reinforced concrete circular propped directly on the soil
6. - Ground tank Exposed reinforced concrete rectangular propped directly on the soil
. INTRODUCTION
-It is well recognized that liquid storage tanks possess low ductility and energy
Absorbing capacity as compared to the conventional buildings. Accordingly, various
Design codes provide higher level of design seismic forces for tanks. In this article,
Provisions of IBC 2000, ACI, AWWA, API, Euro code 8 and NZSEE guidelines are
Reviewed to assess the severity of design seismic forces for tanks vis-à-vis those
Buildings It is seen that, depending on the type of tank, design seismic force for tanks
Seismic safety of liquid storage tanks is of considerable importance.
Water storage tanks should remain functional in the post earthquake period to
ensure potable water supply to earthquake-affected regions and to cater the
need for fire fighting. Industrial liquid containing tanks may contain highly
toxic and inflammable liquids and these tanks should not loose their contents
during the earthquake. Liquid storage tanks are mainly of two types: ground
supported tanks and elevated tanks. Elevated tanks are mainly used for water
supply schemes and they could be supported on RCC shaft, RCC or steel
frame, or masonry pedestal
Dr. Hamida
Coupling beams design كمرات وجوائز ربط بجدران القص
Coupling Beams Design in High-Rise Core-Wall Structures
Shear wall structures are most important lateral-force-resisting-systems that have been shown to be
very efficient in resisting seismic loads. But previous earthquake damages showed that the coupling
beams were easily damaged in the earthquake and it was often used as an energy dissipation part in structures.
Soils Reinforcement Retaing walls- التربة المسلحة في الجدران الاستنادية
تطورت أنظمة تسليح التربة بشكل فعال حيث ظهر كثير من المواد البوليميرية التي يتم صناعتها أساسا من الألياف الصناعية وذات الخصائص والاستعمالات المختلفة مثل النسيج الصناعي والشبك الصناعي وقد تم استخدام هذه المواد في مجالات مختلفة أهمها إنشاء الطرق علي الأراضي الضعيفة وجسور السكك الحديدية وأسفل المنشآت البحرية مثل حماية الشواطئ والأرصفة والميول ودعامات الكباري والحوائط الساندة وأخيرا تم استخدامها في
تقوية التربة أسفل الأساسات
Mechanically Stabilized Earth (MSE SRW) Wall is a composite construction material in which the strength of the engineering fill is enhanced by the addition of strong tensile reinforcement in the form of metal strips, geotextiles, or geogrids .
الكود العربي السوري - تفاصيل ورسومات انشائية تصميم وتنفيذ شاملة لكافة عناصر ا...
(الكود العربي السوري المرادف الكود الأمريكي – ACI ) مخططات تفاصل ورسومات انشائية شاملة
13 A جميع عناصر
البناء الانشائية خرسانة مسلحة- تصميم + تنفيذ
– مساقط افقية ومقاطع تسليح
– يحتاجها كل مهندس تصميم انشائي وحتى المعماري
Topics and articles_in_structural_engine - موضوعات وبرامج تصميم انشائية
Design and Structural Excel sheet programs
Topics and articles in Structural Engineering
In design - and public safety local and international
engineering codes And maintain the integrity of
building and the lives of vacancies
في التصميم - التنفيذ- والسلامة العامة
و فق الكودات الهندسية المحلية والعالمية
والحفاظ على سلامة البناء وحياة الشاغرين
Truss bridges جسور وكباري معدنية شبكية-
Image Brides
trusses - steel bridges
اشكال جسور الطرقات والكباري المعدنية الشبكية
Post tensioning شد لاحق - مسبق الاجهاد
In post-tensioning systems
the ducts for the tendons (or strands) are placed along with the reinforcement before the casting of concrete. The tendons are placed in the ducts
after the casting of concrete. The duct prevents contact between concrete and the
tendons during the tension operation.
Unlike pre-tension
the tendons are pulled with the reaction acting against the hardened concrete.
if the ducts are filled with grout
then it is known as bonded post-tension.
The grout is a neat cement paste or a sand-cement mortar containing suitable admixture. The
grouting operation is discussed later in the section.
Grouting
Grouting can be defined as the filling of duct, with a material
that provides an anti corrosive alkaline environment to the
prestressing steel and alsoa strong bond between
the tendon and the surrounding grout.
The major part of grout
comprises of water and cement, with a water-to
-cement ratio of about 0.5, together with some water-reducing admixtures, expansion agent
In unbonded post-tensioning,
as the name suggests, the ducts are never grouted and
the tendon is held in tension solely by the end anchorages.
The various stages of the post-tensioning operation
are summarised as follows.
1) Casting of concrete.
2) Placement of the tendons.
3) Placement of the anchorage block and jack.
4) Applying tension to the tendons.
5) Seating of the wedges.
6) Cutting of the tendon
Intermediate Moment Resisting Frame - الاطارات المتوسطة المقاومة للعزوم - وف...
IMFs are expected to withstand limited inelastic deformations in their members and connections as a result of lateral forces
and require the use of pre-qualified connections per the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) or connections that have undergone and passed a qualifying cyclic test.
IMFs must sustain an inter-story drift angle of up to 0.02 radians, and are typically used in low/mid-seismic regions.
Seismic soil retaining walls - ضغط تربة الزلازل على جدران الأقبية -الساندة ...
Seismic Earth Pressures on Retaining Structures and Basement Walls
In the present state of knowledge, the recommended method of obtaining seismic soil forces is that using equivalent-static analysis. Only for exceptional structures would dynamic analyses using finite elements seem warranted.
In the equivalent-static method, a horizontal earthquake force equal to the weight of the soil wedge multiplied by a seismic coefficient is assumed to act at the centre of gravity of the soil mass. This earthquake force is additional to the static forces on the wall.
In general, the total soil pressure on a wall during an earthquake equals the sum of three possible components:
(1) static pressure due to gravity loads;
(2) dynamic pressure due to the earthquake;
(3) pressure due to the wall being displaced into the backfill by an external force, e.g. by the horizontal sway of a bridge deck at a monolithic abutment
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Tube structural systemsHigh-rise Building & tubular structures الأبنية البرجي...
Tube structural systemsHigh-rise Building & tubular structures الأبنية البرجي...
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأب...
Transfer Slabs Beams Design Tall Building- تصميم بلا طات وجوائز التحويل الأب...
لماذا المهندسون لايصممون البناء ليقاوم الزلازل- - What is the meaning buildin...
لماذا المهندسون لايصممون البناء ليقاوم الزلازل- - What is the meaning buildin...
Seminar abstract non seismic walls -مقاومة قوى الزلازل بالإطارات فقط واهمال ج...
Seminar abstract non seismic walls -مقاومة قوى الزلازل بالإطارات فقط واهمال ج...
Non seismic walls تأثير الجدرات المعمارية على مقاومة الزلازل
Non seismic walls تأثير الجدرات المعمارية على مقاومة الزلازل
Design for free standing stairs - • تصميم الأدراح الحرة الحلزونية والمنحنية
Design for free standing stairs - • تصميم الأدراح الحرة الحلزونية والمنحنية
Coupling beams design كمرات وجوائز ربط بجدران القص
Coupling beams design كمرات وجوائز ربط بجدران القص
Soils Reinforcement Retaing walls- التربة المسلحة في الجدران الاستنادية
Soils Reinforcement Retaing walls- التربة المسلحة في الجدران الاستنادية
الكود العربي السوري - تفاصيل ورسومات انشائية تصميم وتنفيذ شاملة لكافة عناصر ا...
الكود العربي السوري - تفاصيل ورسومات انشائية تصميم وتنفيذ شاملة لكافة عناصر ا...
Topics and articles_in_structural_engine - موضوعات وبرامج تصميم انشائية
Topics and articles_in_structural_engine - موضوعات وبرامج تصميم انشائية
Intermediate Moment Resisting Frame - الاطارات المتوسطة المقاومة للعزوم - وف...
Intermediate Moment Resisting Frame - الاطارات المتوسطة المقاومة للعزوم - وف...
Seismic soil retaining walls - ضغط تربة الزلازل على جدران الأقبية -الساندة ...
Seismic soil retaining walls - ضغط تربة الزلازل على جدران الأقبية -الساندة ...
More from Dr.Youssef Hammida
university of southern california civil engineering academia.edu
civil engineering academia.edu
research sheet in seismic design
Design strengthening of beams slabs with carbon (fiber) FRP تصميم تقوية الج...
FRP Strengthening
Hevilifts is a leading designer and installer of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) products for repair and strengthening of structures. FRP can be used in existing buildings to strengthen floors and walls for larger live loads, to increase strength and ductility of columns, to correct excessive deflections, to increase shear capacity of beams and to repair and strengthen corrosion damage. FRP can be used in bridges to strengthen girders for increased live load, shear and for the repair of corrosion damage.
Design of FRP Axial Strengthening of RCC Columns -ACI 44 0.2R-08 - تصميم ت...
This study investigates the behavior and failure modes of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete wrapped with different FRP schemes, including fully wrapped, partially wrapped, and nonuniformly-wrapped concrete cylinders. By using the same amount of FRP, this study proposes a new wrapping scheme that provides a higher compressive strength
DESIGNING AND BUILDING THE EIFFEL TOWER برج ايفل - باريس
In 1889, Paris hosted an Exposition Universelle (World’s Fair) to mark the 100-year anniversary of the French Revolution. More than 100 artists submitted competing plans for a monument to be built on the Champ-de-Mars, located in central Paris, and serve as the exposition’s entrance. The commission was granted to Eiffel et Compagnie, a consulting and construction firm owned by the acclaimed bridge builder, architect and metals expert Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel. While Eiffel himself often receives full credit for the monument that bears his name, it was one of his employees—a structural engineer named Maurice Koechlin—who came up with and fine-tuned the concept. Several years earlier, the pair had collaborated on the Statue of Liberty’s metal armature.
Doors & Windows | Interior & Exterior Doors الأبواب والنوافذ الداخلية والخارجية
New windows and doors offer you a chance to update your look and increase home security.
STEEL & CONCRETE DOMES DESIGN - قباب الخرسانة والمعدتية ستيل
• The dome is the most widely seen example of three dimensional compression. It is quite easy to see why it is used for projects such as stadiums, theatres and other large public locations. As seen on the home page ... more abstract
Structural Engineering
Forms of umbrellas for cars and swimming pools - اشكال مظلات السيارات والمسابح
Forms of umbrellas for cars and swimming pools
all kinds of umbrellas
جميع انواع بورتال فريم ستيل - PORTAL - FRAMES والهنغارات المعدنية والتفاصيل
PORTAL - FRAMES & DETAILS - STEEL
Dual Systems Design Shear wall-Frame InterAction تصميم الجملة القصية الثنائية...
Dual systems These systems are the result of combining the two latter systems to resist the lateral load, in these systems the shape of the deformations will differ from those in frames and walls systems, where e... more abstract
Structural Engineering
Retrofit Isolated Footing by: Concrete Jaking – Combind – Strap – Mat – Mecro...
A - Strengthening isolating footing 1- jacket to the existing footings. 2- Combined footing 3- transfer isolating footing–to continous strap 4- transfer isolating footing–to mat – raft 5- Strengthening footing by piles- micro piles B - Strengthening strap footing
Structural Engineering
SEISMIC DESIGN OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS & FRAMES - مقاومة الرياح والزلازل جد...
COMPOSITE ACTION BETWEEN STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS IN BUILDINGS • Steel and concrete are the major materials used in composite systems. • Although they have several dissimilar physical characteristics, it is possible to use them together, beneficially, in different ways. • A number of systems have been developed in the last few decades which successfully combine steel and concrete
Outrigger belt trusses design - الجائز الشبكي المركزي والحزام المحيطي مع جد...
• The design of skyscrapers is usually governed by the lateral loads imposed on the structure.
As buildings have gotten taller and narrower, the structural engineer has been increasingly challenged to meet the imposed drift requirements
The design of tall and slender structures is controlled by three governing factors, strength (material capacity), stiffness (drift) and serviceability (motion perception and accelerations), produced by the action of lateral loading, such as wind.
The overall geometry of a building often dictates which factor governs the overall design.
Special moment frames aci 318 - اطارات مقاومة للعزوم
Reinforced concrete special moment frames • are used as part of seismic force-resisting systems in buildings that are designed to resist earthquakes. • Beams, columns, and beam-column joints in moment frames are prop... more abstract
Special shear walls + ordinary shear walls ACI - 318 - جدران القص الخاصة - P...
Specifications of Special
shear walls
• 1- to form a plastic hinge and wall work in the plastic area
distracting section of the quake, where increasing energy transfer and nonlinear distortions
With firmness despite rising resistance section loads base shear forces
Detailed plastically shaped at the bottom of the wall up the foundation base point
Where the forces of bending moment and shear baseband is greatest
• 2 - have a long high hinge plastically area along the height of the wall
And almost equal to the rise in the wall / 6, H / 6 or along the plan length L
• 3 - the region where the plastic hinge cracked consider (cracked section) and the reduction of inertia (Ig) = (0.35 - 0.5) according to the local code
But after the hinge ductile shear wall treats ordinary wall
area (un cracked section) = (0.7 - 0.8)
• 4 - neglecting the resistance of concrete to resist shear forces
and reinforcing longitudinal and horizontal
In the area and the plastic hinge along only
Soil Nails Reinforcement - Design nails soil stabilization --مسامير قضبان تسل...
تثبيت وتسليح - تربة الجدران - الساندة بالمسامير
تستخدم تقنية المسامير في تثبيت المنحدرات الترابية والجدران الاستنادية والأنفاق الى تدعيم حفريات التأسيس العميقة. وتتلخص الطريقة في غرز قضبان معدنية طويلة ذات المقطع الصغيرامام المنحدر المراد تدعيمه بحيث تخترق هذه القضبان كتلة التربة إلى مسافة ونباعدات محددة مثبتة في منطقة خارج مخروط الانهيار حيث يؤمن استقرار سطح التربة على وجه المنحدر بطبقة تغطية رقيقة من الحجر او الخرسانة المقذوفة مسلحة بشبكة معدمية إنشائية مهمتها حجز التربة بين المسامير ويثبت المسمار نفسه على طبقة البيتون المقذوف بصفيحة تثبيت معدنية مربعة الشكل
Soil nail wall - Soil nailing - soil nailing walls
Soil nailing is an earth retention technique using grouted tension-resisting steel elements (nails) that can be design for permanent or temporary support. The walls are generally constructed from the top down. Typically, 3 to 6 feet of soil is excavated from the top of the planned excavation. Near-horizontal holes are drilled into the exposed face at typically 3 to 6 foot centers. Tension-resisting steel bars are inserted into the holes and grouted. A drainage system is installed on the exposed face, followed by the application of reinforced shotcrete facing. Precast face
More from Dr.Youssef Hammida (15)
university of southern california civil engineering academia.edu
university of southern california civil engineering academia.edu
Design strengthening of beams slabs with carbon (fiber) FRP تصميم تقوية الج...
Design strengthening of beams slabs with carbon (fiber) FRP تصميم تقوية الج...
Design of FRP Axial Strengthening of RCC Columns -ACI 44 0.2R-08 - تصميم ت...
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DESIGNING AND BUILDING THE EIFFEL TOWER برج ايفل - باريس
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Doors & Windows | Interior & Exterior Doors الأبواب والنوافذ الداخلية والخارجية
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STEEL & CONCRETE DOMES DESIGN - قباب الخرسانة والمعدتية ستيل
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Forms of umbrellas for cars and swimming pools - اشكال مظلات السيارات والمسابح
Forms of umbrellas for cars and swimming pools - اشكال مظلات السيارات والمسابح
جميع انواع بورتال فريم ستيل - PORTAL - FRAMES والهنغارات المعدنية والتفاصيل
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Dual Systems Design Shear wall-Frame InterAction تصميم الجملة القصية الثنائية...
Dual Systems Design Shear wall-Frame InterAction تصميم الجملة القصية الثنائية...
Retrofit Isolated Footing by: Concrete Jaking – Combind – Strap – Mat – Mecro...
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SEISMIC DESIGN OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS & FRAMES - مقاومة الرياح والزلازل جد...
SEISMIC DESIGN OF COMPOSITE SHEAR WALLS & FRAMES - مقاومة الرياح والزلازل جد...
Outrigger belt trusses design - الجائز الشبكي المركزي والحزام المحيطي مع جد...
Outrigger belt trusses design - الجائز الشبكي المركزي والحزام المحيطي مع جد...
Special moment frames aci 318 - اطارات مقاومة للعزوم
Special moment frames aci 318 - اطارات مقاومة للعزوم
Special shear walls + ordinary shear walls ACI - 318 - جدران القص الخاصة - P...
Special shear walls + ordinary shear walls ACI - 318 - جدران القص الخاصة - P...
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Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdf
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
J.Yang, ICLR 2024, MLILAB, KAIST AI.pdf
Language-Interfaced Tabular Oversampling Via Progressive Imputation And Self Autentication
Architectural Portfolio Sean Lockwood
This portfolio contains selected projects I completed during my undergraduate studies. 2018 - 2023
一比一原版(UofT毕业证)多伦多大学毕业证成绩单如何办理
UofT毕业证原版定制【微信：176555708】【多伦多大学毕业证成绩单-学位证】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
◆◆◆◆◆ — — — — — — — — 【留学教育】留学归国服务中心 — — — — — -◆◆◆◆◆
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微信：176555708】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微信：176555708】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
学历顾问：微信：176555708
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power System
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptx
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
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AKS UNIVERSITY Satna Final Year Project By OM Hardaha.pdf
AKS UNIVERSITY Satna Final Year Project By OM Hardaha.
Thank me later.
samsarthak31@gmail.com
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