1. Management of
Information
University of the Punjab
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2. Start searching
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3. Start searching
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4. Finding information sources
 Formal ways
 University libraries
 Special libraries and government
departments
 Inter-library loan
 Informal ways
 Authors
 Personal libraries of experts
 Your friends 4

5. Bibliographic aids
 Library catalog
 Indexing journal
 Abstracting journal
 Bibliography
 Bibliographic database
 People
 Experts
 Librarians 5

6. Library card catalog
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7. Library classification (DDC)
000 Computer science, information & general works
100 Philosophy & psychology
200 Religion
300 Social sciences
400 Language
500 Science
600 Technology
700 Arts & recreation
800 Literature
900 History & geography
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8. DDC – 300 – Social sciences
300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology
310 Statistics
320 Political science
330 Economics
340 Law
350 Public administration & military science
360 Social problems & social services
370 Education
380 Commerce, communications & transportation
390 Customs, etiquette & folklore
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9. DDC – 330 – Economics
330 Economics
331 Labor economics
332 Financial economics
333 Economics of land & energy
334 Cooperatives
335 Socialism & related systems
336 Public finance
337 International economics
338 Production
339 Macroeconomics & related topics
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10. Online Searching Techniques
 Boolean Operators
 Phrase Searching
 Truncation / Wildcard Searching
 Proximity Searching
 Focusing / Limiting a Search
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11. Boolean Operators
Boolean operators allow you to join terms together, widen a search
or exclude terms from your search results. This means you can be
more precise in locating your information.
AND
OR
NOT
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12. Boolean Operators at Emerald
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13. Phrase Searching
It narrows your search down by searching
for an exact phrase or sentence. It is
particularly useful when searching for a
title or a quotation. Usually quotation
marks are used to connect the words
together.
For example
“Towards a healthier Scotland”
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14. Truncation / Wildcard
These search techniques retrieve information on similar
words by replacing part of the word with a symbol
usually a * or ?. However, different databases use
different symbols, so check what is used.
 In truncation the end of the word is replaced.
 For example physiother* will retrieve physiotherapy,
physiotherapeutic, physiotherapist and so on.
 In wildcard searching, letters from inside the word are
replaced.
 For example wom*n will retrieve the terms woman and
women.
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15. Proximity Searching
It looks for documents where two or more
separately matching term occurrences
are within a specified distance, where
distance is the number of intermediate
words or characters
 For example
 Term A NEAR Term B
 Term A ADJ Term B
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16. Focusing / Limiting a Search
There are many ways to focus your search and all
search tools offer different ways of doing this. Some
of the ways of limiting your search are as follows:
 Date
 Language
 Place
 Publication type
 Age groups
 Type of material e.g. you could just need to find case
studies
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17. General Search Engines
 Google
 Yahoo
 AltaVista
 FAST Search
 MSN Search
 Lycos
 Excite
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18. Google Simple Search
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19. Google Advanced Search
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20. Scholarly Search Engines
 Google Scholar
 Infomine
 Librarians’ Internet Index
 Intute
 Pinakes
 Business Research
 ISI Web of Science
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21. Librarians’ Internet Index
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22. Subject Directories
Also called Information Gateways and Virtual Libraries
 Yahoo Directory
 Google Directory
 Librarians’ Internet Index
 About.com
 Infomine
 The WWW Virtual Library
 Specialized Subject Directories
 Abi Logic
 Solid Crawler
 Academic Info
 SOSIG - Social Science Information Gateway
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23. Google Directory
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24. Electronic Theses and
Dissertations - ETDs
 Networked Digital Library of Theses and
Dissertations
 Catalog of theses and doctoral dissertations
contributed by some 176 universities and 27
institutions worldwide
 British Library EThOS
 250,000+ theses of British universities
 Many are free
 Proquest Dissertations & Theses
Database
 World’s most comprehensive collection of
dissertations and theses with over 2.7 million titles
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25. Networked Digital Library of
Theses and Dissertations
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26. Online Databases
 Bibliographic databases
 ERIC, Agricola, Medline, EconLit,
PsychINFO
 Numeric databases
 Stat-USA, UN Common Database
 Full text databases
 ScienceDirect, Emerald, JSTOR
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27. ERIC Database
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28. Science Direct Database
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29. Free e-books
 Gigapedia
 300,000+ books, the largest e-book repository
 The Online Books Page
 35,000+ books
 Project Gutenberg
 30,000+ books
 Internet Public Library
 20,000+ books
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30. HEC – Online Resources
 National Digital Library
 Over 30 databases with over 23,000 journals
 Accessible by 250 institutions in Pakistan
 50,000 e-books
 Links to open access resources
 Pakistan Research Repository
 Full text of over 1800 Pakistani doctoral theses
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31. HEC – Digital Library
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32. Pakistan Research Repository
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33. Library web OPACs
 Libdex
 Worldwide index of library catalogs
 WorldCat
 1.4 billion items from 10,000+ libraries
worldwide
 Library of Congress
 The British Library
 National Library of Pakistan
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