DR V A Kamble stress management DR V A Kamble stress management DR V A Kamble stress management

1. Fight or Flight Response (Cannon's Model)
•Cannon's model views stress as an emergency response
originating from fighting emotions.
•Stress results from external environmental demands
causing an imbalance in the individual's natural steady
state.
•Physiological changes prepare the individual to fight or
flee when facing a threatening situation.
•The model illustrates the immediate response but
acknowledges potential long-term negative impacts

2. General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS - Selye's Model)
•Selye's model identifies three stages in stressful
situations: alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion.
•Alarm reaction triggers physiological responses akin to
fight or flight.
•Resistance involves adaptation and energy conservation,
while exhaustion marks the collapse of adaptive
mechanisms.
•Criticisms include a focus on physiological reactions and
neglect of psychological aspects

3. Cognitive Appraisal Model (Lazarus' Model)
•Lazarus's model emphasizes stress as an interaction
between individuals and the environment.
•Cognitive appraisal involves primary (impact on
individual) and secondary (resources to deal with stress)
appraisals.
•Individual reactions depend on both primary and
secondary appraisals.
•The model highlights the subjective nature of stress
perception

4. Person-Environment Fit Model (P-E Fit)
•Proposed by French, Harrison, and Caplan, this model
posits that stress arises from a misfit between individual
needs/abilities and environmental demands.
•Stress occurs when individuals lack resources to meet
high demands.
•Focuses on the importance of individual differences in
stress responses.

5. Psychodynamic Theory (Freud's Model)
•Freud's theory introduces signal anxiety and traumatic
anxiety.
•Traumatic anxiety, arising from repressed drives, can
lead to psychopathology.
•Strain in the form of physical symptoms results from the
energy emerging from conflicting ideas.

6. Genetic Constitutional Theory
•This theory emphasizes how stress resistance and
coping depend on an individual's genotype and
phenotype.
•The genetic predisposition determines how an individual
responds to stress.
•Highlights the interplay between genetics and stress
resilience.

7. Diathesis-Stress Model
•Focuses on the combined role of genetics and
environment in determining stress.
•Proposes that heredity and environment work together,
influencing stress responses.
•Differentiates between acute and chronic stress,
considering both genetic predisposition and external
factors