This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “IPR”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
Dr. Kalyan Kankanala, Senior Partner, BananaIP Counsels, delivered a class on {inset Slide title}, for National Law School of India University, Bangalore.
Patent infringement Analysis - IPRL Class on Paper II : Law of Patents: by D...BananaIP Counsels
Dr. Kalyan explained the concept of patent infringement, assessing literal infringement and infringement by doctrine of equivalence with examples. The infringement test used in the Indian courts was also discussed. Please find the presentation below for your reference.
Intellectual Property for Accountants. This deck is the launch presentation for the Nicholas Weston White Paper, “Definitive Guide to Intellectual Property for Accountants” (2015 Edition) held at William Buck in Melbourne on 25 November 2014. The presentation deck is not intended as a substitute for the White Paper which contains sections on Protecting intangible assets, Patents, Trade Marks, Domain Names, Registered Designs, Copyright, Licensing and royalty rates, Valuing IP rights, Tax implications and benefits (including Capital gains tax (CGT) and Income tax, Trade mark taxation, Tax deductions, Withholding taxes, GST treatment, the R&D Tax Incentive, Stamp Duty in each State and Territory), the Personal Properties Securities Act 2009 (PPSA), using the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (FOI) in the context of IP, Details Oppositions, Appeals and Injunctions, and has some handy ATO References. It also contains a Test of your IP awareness and a summary with Four things to remember about IP for Accountants.
The event was attended by Directors, Associates and Senior Managers from all William Buck divisions - Audit, Business Advisory, Tax, Corporate Advisory, Wealth Advisory.
Dr. Kalyan Kankanala, Senior Partner, BananaIP Counsels, delivered a class on {inset Slide title}, for National Law School of India University, Bangalore.
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. To get a patent, technical information about the invention must be disclosed to the public in a patent application. The patent owner may give permission to, or license, other parties to use the invention on mutually agreed terms.
Dr. Kalyan Kankanala, Senior Partner, BananaIP Counsels, delivered a class on {inset Slide title}, for National Law School of India University, Bangalore.
Patent infringement Analysis - IPRL Class on Paper II : Law of Patents: by D...BananaIP Counsels
Dr. Kalyan explained the concept of patent infringement, assessing literal infringement and infringement by doctrine of equivalence with examples. The infringement test used in the Indian courts was also discussed. Please find the presentation below for your reference.
Intellectual Property for Accountants. This deck is the launch presentation for the Nicholas Weston White Paper, “Definitive Guide to Intellectual Property for Accountants” (2015 Edition) held at William Buck in Melbourne on 25 November 2014. The presentation deck is not intended as a substitute for the White Paper which contains sections on Protecting intangible assets, Patents, Trade Marks, Domain Names, Registered Designs, Copyright, Licensing and royalty rates, Valuing IP rights, Tax implications and benefits (including Capital gains tax (CGT) and Income tax, Trade mark taxation, Tax deductions, Withholding taxes, GST treatment, the R&D Tax Incentive, Stamp Duty in each State and Territory), the Personal Properties Securities Act 2009 (PPSA), using the Freedom of Information Act 1982 (FOI) in the context of IP, Details Oppositions, Appeals and Injunctions, and has some handy ATO References. It also contains a Test of your IP awareness and a summary with Four things to remember about IP for Accountants.
The event was attended by Directors, Associates and Senior Managers from all William Buck divisions - Audit, Business Advisory, Tax, Corporate Advisory, Wealth Advisory.
Dr. Kalyan Kankanala, Senior Partner, BananaIP Counsels, delivered a class on {inset Slide title}, for National Law School of India University, Bangalore.
A patent is an exclusive right granted for an invention. To get a patent, technical information about the invention must be disclosed to the public in a patent application. The patent owner may give permission to, or license, other parties to use the invention on mutually agreed terms.
patent types of patent,utility patent,design patent,plant patent,expiry of patent,how to apply patent,filling form of patent,sample of patent advantages of patents to the patentee and society, patent history-india
Intellectual Property Rights [Trade Secret]Anil Kumar
Trade secrets are a type of intellectual property that comprise formulas, practices, processes, designs, instruments, patterns, or compilations of information that have inherent economic value because they are not generally known or readily ascertainable by others, and which the owner takes reasonable measures to keep secret. In some jurisdictions, such secrets are referred to as confidential information.
An Entrepreneur’s Perspective on Intellectual Property - Entrepreneurship 101MaRS Discovery District
Intellectual property (IP) is the lifeblood of every knowledge-based startup or venture. Learn how to identify and manage your intellectual property in a strategic way and examine how it fits in with your overall business model. A large part of your competitive advantage will depend on your ability to protect and properly exploit or commercialize your product or service innovations. IP law provides the framework for protecting and commercializing these innovations. Real-world issues and how they can be addressed effectively are examined, particularly for the IT/Web 2.0 space.
Intellectual property (IP) is the lifeblood of every knowledge-based startup or venture. Learn how to identify and manage your intellectual property in a strategic way and examine how it fits in with your overall business model. A large part of your competitive advantage will depend on your ability to protect and properly exploit or commercialize your product or service innovations. IP law provides the framework for protecting and commercializing these innovations. Real-world issues and how they can be addressed effectively are examined, particularly for the IT/Web 2.0 space.
The IPR protects your innovations and ideas related rights and from infringement by others and restricts its uses, making and selling without your permissions. This presentation aims to explore the significance of intellectual property rights and to know the procedure to obtain patents in India. For that, the data and information is collected from news papers, articles, magazines, internet websites, and expert interviews. Protecting intellectual property with patents provides the exclusive rights by law to the assignees or originator to make use of and exploit their inventions. The invention which meets the novelty, non-obviousness, usefulness in the industry, enabled etc criteria’s as per Indian patent act and fulfilling patentable criteria’s with proper application and details justifications with fallow up and clearing the objections are eligible to grants the patents.
patent types of patent,utility patent,design patent,plant patent,expiry of patent,how to apply patent,filling form of patent,sample of patent advantages of patents to the patentee and society, patent history-india
Intellectual Property Rights [Trade Secret]Anil Kumar
Trade secrets are a type of intellectual property that comprise formulas, practices, processes, designs, instruments, patterns, or compilations of information that have inherent economic value because they are not generally known or readily ascertainable by others, and which the owner takes reasonable measures to keep secret. In some jurisdictions, such secrets are referred to as confidential information.
An Entrepreneur’s Perspective on Intellectual Property - Entrepreneurship 101MaRS Discovery District
Intellectual property (IP) is the lifeblood of every knowledge-based startup or venture. Learn how to identify and manage your intellectual property in a strategic way and examine how it fits in with your overall business model. A large part of your competitive advantage will depend on your ability to protect and properly exploit or commercialize your product or service innovations. IP law provides the framework for protecting and commercializing these innovations. Real-world issues and how they can be addressed effectively are examined, particularly for the IT/Web 2.0 space.
Intellectual property (IP) is the lifeblood of every knowledge-based startup or venture. Learn how to identify and manage your intellectual property in a strategic way and examine how it fits in with your overall business model. A large part of your competitive advantage will depend on your ability to protect and properly exploit or commercialize your product or service innovations. IP law provides the framework for protecting and commercializing these innovations. Real-world issues and how they can be addressed effectively are examined, particularly for the IT/Web 2.0 space.
The IPR protects your innovations and ideas related rights and from infringement by others and restricts its uses, making and selling without your permissions. This presentation aims to explore the significance of intellectual property rights and to know the procedure to obtain patents in India. For that, the data and information is collected from news papers, articles, magazines, internet websites, and expert interviews. Protecting intellectual property with patents provides the exclusive rights by law to the assignees or originator to make use of and exploit their inventions. The invention which meets the novelty, non-obviousness, usefulness in the industry, enabled etc criteria’s as per Indian patent act and fulfilling patentable criteria’s with proper application and details justifications with fallow up and clearing the objections are eligible to grants the patents.
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “IPR”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “IPR”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “Analytical Method Validation”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “Instrument Qualification/Validation”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “Validation”. These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books and websites
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
HOT NEW PRODUCT! BIG SALES FAST SHIPPING NOW FROM CHINA!! EU KU DB BK substit...GL Anaacs
Contact us if you are interested:
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Jwh018 / Jwh210
Eutylone crystal
Protonitazene (hydrochloride) CAS: 119276-01-6
Flubrotizolam CAS: 57801-95-3
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Payment terms: Western Union,MoneyGram,Bitcoin or USDT.
Deliver Time: Usually 7-15days
Shipping method: FedEx, TNT, DHL,UPS etc.Our deliveries are 100% safe, fast, reliable and discreet.
Samples will be sent for your evaluation!If you are interested in, please contact me, let's talk details.
We specializes in exporting high quality Research chemical, medical intermediate, Pharmaceutical chemicals and so on. Products are exported to USA, Canada, France, Korea, Japan,Russia, Southeast Asia and other countries.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...
2. ipr ii
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IPR: ID-GI-Trade
Secret
Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
This presentation was made to solely for students to make them aware/ understand basics of “IPR”.
These slides are part of lectures delivered in M. Pharmacy Curriculum & taken up from various books
and websites
4. August 2015
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Industrial design
What is Protected:“ The Appearance of a Product” under Industrial
Design.
It is the aesthetic feature of a Product; not the technical aspect
(Patents) nor its name (Trademarks)
Just as trademarks distinguish your product or service, industrial
designs differentiate your products from those of the competition.
It contributes to your branding strategy and so need protection.
The ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article that enhances visual
appeal and differentiates product.
• e.g. 3-D features of shape or surface as of a perfume bottle, 2-D patterns
of lines, shapes and colours as on a bed sheet. (Product Design)
• Any utensils, jewelry, car, cosmetic products shapes, electronic goods
The design must have following requirements when registered,
• It must be NEW / ORIGINAL
• It must not be dictated by technical function
• It must not contain official symbols or emblems
• It must not be contrary to public order or morality
5. August 2015
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Industrial design
If the article is not mass produced or the design can not be
applied on a useful article, the design would be an aesthetic
work, protectable under copyright.
Some engineering designs may be sufficiently innovative,
protectable as a patent.
• Protecting ID through Registration
• The Applicant: application form, contact details, drawings or
photographs of design, written description or statement of
novelty, fee.
• The IP Office:
formal examination substantive examination
design register/design gazette
design registration certificate valid at least 10 years
• The right to prevent unauthorized copying or imitation by third
parties
• Exclude all others making, offering, importing, exporting or
selling product with the design
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Hague agreement & design act
• Hague agreement is international legislation for industrial
design. participation of a state to the Hague system may be
achieved through an accession:
– to the 1934 Act, and/or
– to the 1960 Act, and/or
– to the 1999 Act
• The 1999 Act entered into force on December 2003.
• In India the design act came in British Regime & it was as
Patents & Design act 1872
• In 1911, Indian Patent and Design act was enacted. When
separate patent act came in legislation in 1970, the Design act
1911 was continued and revised in year 2000.
• The registration period is valid for 5 to 10 years (Indian Law) It
can renew for more 5 years.
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Geographical indication
• Many goods possess their peculiar properties due to their
geographical origin.
• Geographical name which identifies a product originating from that
place, the quality, reputation or other characteristic of which is
essentially attributable to its geographical origin.
• GI is the best method to indicate the geographical origin of goods and
services.
• Characteristics due to natural and human factors
• product made from particular species/breed; feeding method used;
method of storage; etc.
• skills; specific equipment; etc.
• conditions/length of the maturing process
• Many agricultural products (tea, rice); dairy products (cheese), wines
and spirits (Champagne) owe their special quality and reputation to
their geographical place of growth or processing.
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15. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Paithani weaving
Kanchipuram Silk Saree
Kolhapuri Chappal
Nagpur Orange
Agra Petha
Batik Prints of
Gujarat
Basamti Rice of
Dehradun
Kashmiri Apple
Bikaneri Bhujia
16. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Protection of GI
• GI is not owned by a single owner
• Any producer in the region can use the GI on the product provided
it is prepared by the norms set out for the use of that GI.
• GI is registered in the national register and is similar to the
certification mark identifying the origin of the good.
• Govt. can register GI in the international register maintained by
WIPO for world wide protection.
• It is an offence to use false GI on goods.
• It promotes the economic prosperity of producers of goods
produced in a geographical property
• Registration is not compulsory
• The international registration ensures protection for as long as the
appellation is protected, as such, in the country of origin
• No renewal required.
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17. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Protection of GI
• Lisbon agreement (1958) for protection of appellation of origin
• Appellation of origin means geographical name of country,
region, locality which serve to designate a product originating
therein
• Requirements for filing GI
• Protection is the country of origin i.e. country in which the region or
locality is situated
• In India GI is the indication of the goods Act 1999.
• Any person or producers or any organization responsible for
representing interest of the producers of concerned goods.
• Basmati Controversy USA based company Ricetect Inc
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19. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Integrated circuit layout design
• Layout of transistors and other circuit elements, including lead wires
connecting such elements and expressed in any manner in a
semiconductor integrated circuit (IC).
• Integrated circuit: a product in its final form or intermediate form at
least one of which is active element
• Layout Design: three dimensional disposition of the element at least
one of which is an active element (Topography)
• IC Layouts are creations of human mind;
• There is lot of investment of time and money in the creation but
copying is very cheap;
• There may not be novelty so cannot be patented;
• Copyright protection does not return the investments since commercial
life of a design is limited.
• Act of reproducing a layout design fully or in parts;
• Importing, selling or distributing commercially a protected layout
design or IC incorporating it.
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20. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Integrated circuit layout design
• The USA has already enacted the semi-conductor chip protection
act way before in 1984. The international treaty on IC included in
TRIPS section 6.
• In India the importance of legal protection to layout designs and
enacted law in the year 2000 (Integrated circuits layout design
act 2000).
• Any person claiming to be a creator of layout design can apply for
the same
• The registration of layout design shall be for the period of ten
years counted from the date of filing of application for
registration or from the date of first commercial exploitation
anywhere in country.
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Undisclosed information & trade secrets
The best kept
secret till date
22. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Undisclosed information & trade secrets
• Some inventions, data, information cannot be protected by any of the
available means of IPRs. Such information is held confidential as a trade
secret.
• Trade secret can be an invention, idea, survey method, programme,
manufacturing process, experiment results, chemical formula, recipe,
financial strategy, client database, device or process that provides an
advantage over his business competitors who do not know or use it and it
is significant importance to the business of the company holding
information.
• It may include new product plant, product costing, best material to use,
source of material, accounting information, manufacturing record, some
software, structures, structure sequence etc.,
• How to protect trade secrets:
• Restricting number of people having access to secret information
• Signing confidentiality agreements with business partners and
employees
• Using protective techniques like digital data security tools and
restricting entry into area where trade secret is worked or held
• National legislations provide protection in form of injunction and
damages if secret information is illegally acquired or used.
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23. August 2015
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Presentation by: Dr. Arti R. Thakkar
Associate Professor, SPES
Undisclosed information & trade secrets
• Trade secret is protected for unlimited period of time, no need to pay
some fees for maintenance
• Some technology or chemical formula are not patentable as per patent
law but can be easily patentable through trade secrets
• It doesn’t require inventive step
• Trade secrets obtained as soon as they are created
• TRIPS Agreement deals with protection of trade secrets in section 7
• In India there is no specific law to protect trade secrets but it can still be
obtained under section 27 of the Indian contract act 1872
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