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‫دلوړو‬
‫کړو‬ ‫زده‬
‫وزارت‬
‫پوهنتون‬ ‫کندهار‬
‫پوهنځی‬ ‫پالیسي‬ ‫او‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫عامه‬
‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬
Administrative Reforms
2nd Lesson
‫استاد‬ ‫الرښود‬
:
‫سیدی‬ ‫احمدرسول‬ ‫پوهنیار‬
1
2
‫فهرست‬
•
‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬
•
‫پیژندنه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬
•
‫تاریخچه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬
•
‫اصالحات‬
•
‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬
•
‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬
3
‫اصالحات‬
Reforms
•
‫د‬ ‫کلیمی‬ ‫الیتني‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫ده‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬
Reformo
‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫اخیستل‬ ‫څخه‬
.
•
‫دي‬ ‫راوستل‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫کې‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫کوونکي‬ ‫قانع‬ ‫نه‬ ‫او‬ ‫فاسد‬ ،‫غلط‬ ‫د‬ ‫یي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫چی‬
.
•
‫په‬ ‫چي‬
۱۸
‫کې‬ ‫پیړي‬
Christopher Wvill
‫په‬ ‫یی‬ ‫موخه‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫سوي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫غورځنګ‬ ‫اتحادیي‬ ‫د‬
‫وو‬ ‫غوښتل‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پارلمان‬
.
4
‫ادامه‬
...
•
‫م‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫داصالح‬ ‫دا‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختګ‬ ‫د‬ ‫کي‬ ‫سازمانونو‬ ‫او‬ ‫نهادونه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ډول‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫په‬ ‫تغیرات‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫اصالح‬
‫عنا‬
‫ده‬
.
•
‫تعریفوي‬ ‫داسي‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫ډیکشنري‬ ‫داکسفورډ‬
:
‫په‬ ،‫اړول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫بل‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سمون‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫چي‬
‫یوڅه‬
‫خالصون‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫نیمګړتیاوو‬ ‫او‬ ‫غلطیو‬ ‫دمخکنیو‬ ،‫تشکیل‬ ‫او‬ ‫تنظیم‬ ،‫اصالح‬ ‫سره‬ ‫تغیر‬
.
5
‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬
•
‫سته؛‬ ‫توپیر‬ ‫زیات‬ ‫منځ‬ ‫تر‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬
•
‫ل‬ ‫توقع‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫سیسټم‬ ‫موجوده‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫چي‬ ،‫کې‬ ‫حال‬ ‫داسی‬ ‫په‬ ،‫کول‬ ‫شروع‬ ‫کار‬ ‫یو‬ ‫د‬ ‫سره‬ ‫له‬ ‫انقالب‬
‫ري‬
.
•
‫غورځوي‬ ‫پښو‬ ‫د‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫بلکې‬ ،‫اچوي‬ ‫نه‬ ‫پښو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫اصالحات‬
.
•
‫دي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫په‬ ‫اوښتون‬ ‫د‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫اما‬ ‫دي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫په‬ ‫تغیر‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬
.
6
‫ادامه‬
...
•
‫ته‬ ‫الس‬ ‫د‬ ‫قدرت‬ ‫د‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫اما‬ ‫اړول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫او‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫یو‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫یعني‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬
‫یي‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫په‬ ‫راوړولو‬
.
•
‫برعکس‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫بلکې‬ ‫ده‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختیا‬ ‫د‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫د‬ ‫پالن‬ ‫عملي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫سنجول‬ ‫یو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬
.
7
‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬
•
‫کو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫جزیاتو‬ ‫د‬ ‫ممکن‬ ،‫توګه‬ ‫په‬ ‫بیلګې‬ ‫د‬ ،‫کوي‬ ‫افاده‬ ‫معناوي‬ ‫مختلفي‬ ‫اصطالح‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬
‫بشپړ‬ ‫د‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ل‬
‫ولري‬ ‫معني‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬
.
•
‫ګوند‬ ‫بولیوویچ‬ ‫د‬ ‫کي‬ ‫روسیه‬ ‫په‬ ‫چې‬ ‫کله‬
(Bolshevik Party)
‫د‬ ‫موخه‬ ‫ددوی‬ ‫نو‬ ،‫ورسېد‬ ‫ته‬ ‫واک‬
‫ورسېدل‬ ‫ته‬ ‫موخي‬ ‫دې‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫دوی‬ ‫او‬ ،‫وه‬ ‫بدلول‬ ‫دولت‬ ‫سوسیالیست‬ ‫په‬ ‫روسیې‬
.
‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫لینن‬
‫کول‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫کي‬ ‫رڼا‬ ‫په‬ ‫مارکسیزم‬
.
‫نیسو؛‬ ‫الندي‬ ‫څیړني‬ ‫تر‬ ‫ډول‬ ‫الندي‬ ‫په‬ ‫نموني‬ ‫څو‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ ‫چی‬
8
‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬
•
‫اصالحات‬ ‫ساختماني‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ساختاري‬
•
‫اصالحات‬ ‫چلند‬ ‫د‬
•
‫پراختیا‬ ‫اداري‬
9
‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬
•
‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫استعمال‬ ‫ورته‬ ‫اصطالحات‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫او‬ ‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫تعریفونه‬ ‫ډېر‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬
.
•
‫تغیر‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫مثال‬
(Administrative Change)
•
‫بدلون‬ ‫اداري‬
(Transformation Administrative)
•
‫تجدید‬ ‫اداري‬
(Renewal Administrative)
•
‫بازسازي‬ ‫اداري‬
(Rehabilitation Administrative)
•
‫کول‬ ‫معیاري‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫هم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫او‬
(Administration Standardizing)
10
‫تعریف‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫داداري‬
•
‫ب‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫نیول‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پام‬ ‫په‬ ،‫هوښیار‬ ‫یو‬ ‫کې‬ ‫جوړښت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سکتور‬ ‫شخصي‬ ‫او‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫یو‬ ‫په‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬
‫دلون‬
‫ورکړي‬ ‫پرمختیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫کیفیت‬ ‫ځواک‬ ‫دکاري‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫او‬ ‫راولي‬ ‫سمون‬ ‫کښي‬ ‫جوړښت‬ ‫په‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫ترڅو‬ ،‫دي‬
.
•
‫مستقیم‬ ‫چي‬ ‫کوم‬ ،‫دي‬ ‫تغیرات‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫پالن‬ ،‫سوي‬ ‫سنجول‬ ‫هغه‬ ‫کي‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫په‬ ‫هیواد‬ ‫دیو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬
‫رسیږي‬ ‫واسطه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ټولني‬ ‫د‬ ‫طریقه‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ته‬ ‫موخو‬ ‫خپلو‬ ‫ډول‬
.
11
‫ادامه‬
...
•
‫کایډن‬ ‫د‬
(Caiden)
‫اتنظ‬ ‫ته‬ ‫بدلونونو‬ ‫پیښو‬ ‫طبیعي‬ ‫د‬ ‫باید‬ ‫انسان‬ ‫چي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫ساده‬ ‫په‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫وینا‬ ‫په‬
‫ونه‬ ‫ار‬
‫راول‬ ‫سره‬ ‫سرعت‬ ‫په‬ ‫پرمختګونه‬ ‫کي‬ ‫نظم‬ ‫په‬ ‫نړي‬ ‫د‬ ‫سره‬ ‫وسایلو‬ ‫مصنوعي‬ ‫په‬ ‫باید‬ ‫بلکي‬ ،‫باسي‬
‫ي‬
.
12
‫تاریخچه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬
•
‫کې‬ ‫کتاب‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫په‬ ‫کایډن‬
Dynamics of Public Administration
‫کړي‬ ‫ذکر‬
‫سول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫کې‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫په‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫ځل‬ ‫لومړي‬ ‫د‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫دي‬
.
•
‫د‬ ‫چی‬ ‫دا‬
۱۹
‫زیات‬ ‫نو‬ ‫سول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫تیوري‬ ‫کپیټلیزم‬ ‫کې‬ ‫نیمایي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړی‬
‫وال‬ ‫پانګه‬
‫وه‬ ‫نه‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫خو‬ ،‫راغلل‬
.
•
‫شتون‬ ‫نه‬ ‫اصولو‬ ‫بیروکراټیکو‬ ‫د‬
•
۱۸۸۷
‫ویلسن‬ ‫ویډرو‬ ‫کې‬ ‫کال‬
•
‫څخه‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬
۱۹
‫چی‬ ‫ده‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ،‫کول‬ ‫دفاع‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پاي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړي‬
‫وربښی‬ ‫پراختیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫سازمانونو‬
•
‫د‬
۱۹
‫اصالحات‬ ‫کي‬ ‫ادارو‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫په‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫راغونډیدل‬ ‫عالمانو‬ ‫د‬ ‫کی‬ ‫پاي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړی‬
‫سي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬
.
13
‫ادامه‬
....
•
‫ماتیدون‬ ‫نه‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫وکړل‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫ګذاري‬ ‫سرمایه‬ ‫خو‬ ،‫کړل‬ ‫مخه‬ ‫ته‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداری‬ ‫هم‬ ‫انګلستان‬
‫کي‬
‫کړي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫اصول‬ ‫بیروکراټیک‬
.
•
‫پالر‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫د‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫د‬
Goodnow
‫د‬ ‫او‬ ‫سي‬ ‫سره‬ ‫تر‬ ‫څیړنی‬ ‫خاصی‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ،‫وو‬ ‫اند‬ ‫دی‬ ‫په‬ ‫چی‬
‫سي‬ ‫مقرر‬ ‫باید‬ ‫فاریغین‬ ‫ادری‬ ‫عامه‬
.
•
‫کی‬ ‫لیدل‬ ‫اړتیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫او‬ ‫خالصون‬ ‫مستعمری‬ ‫د‬ ‫هیوادونه‬ ‫جګړی‬ ‫نړیوالی‬ ‫دوهمی‬ ‫تر‬ ‫وروسته‬
‫دل‬
(
‫ټولنیز‬ ،‫اقتصادي‬
)...
14
‫پوښتنه؟‬
15

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2 ADM Reform.pptx

  • 1. ‫دلوړو‬ ‫کړو‬ ‫زده‬ ‫وزارت‬ ‫پوهنتون‬ ‫کندهار‬ ‫پوهنځی‬ ‫پالیسي‬ ‫او‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬ Administrative Reforms 2nd Lesson ‫استاد‬ ‫الرښود‬ : ‫سیدی‬ ‫احمدرسول‬ ‫پوهنیار‬ 1
  • 2. 2
  • 3. ‫فهرست‬ • ‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬ • ‫پیژندنه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬ • ‫تاریخچه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬ • ‫اصالحات‬ • ‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬ • ‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ 3
  • 4. ‫اصالحات‬ Reforms • ‫د‬ ‫کلیمی‬ ‫الیتني‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫ده‬ ‫جمع‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ Reformo ‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫اخیستل‬ ‫څخه‬ . • ‫دي‬ ‫راوستل‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫کې‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫کوونکي‬ ‫قانع‬ ‫نه‬ ‫او‬ ‫فاسد‬ ،‫غلط‬ ‫د‬ ‫یي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫چی‬ . • ‫په‬ ‫چي‬ ۱۸ ‫کې‬ ‫پیړي‬ Christopher Wvill ‫په‬ ‫یی‬ ‫موخه‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫سوي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫غورځنګ‬ ‫اتحادیي‬ ‫د‬ ‫وو‬ ‫غوښتل‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پارلمان‬ . 4
  • 5. ‫ادامه‬ ... • ‫م‬ ‫عمومي‬ ‫داصالح‬ ‫دا‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختګ‬ ‫د‬ ‫کي‬ ‫سازمانونو‬ ‫او‬ ‫نهادونه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ډول‬ ‫خاص‬ ‫په‬ ‫تغیرات‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫عنا‬ ‫ده‬ . • ‫تعریفوي‬ ‫داسي‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫ډیکشنري‬ ‫داکسفورډ‬ : ‫په‬ ،‫اړول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫بل‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سمون‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫چي‬ ‫یوڅه‬ ‫خالصون‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫نیمګړتیاوو‬ ‫او‬ ‫غلطیو‬ ‫دمخکنیو‬ ،‫تشکیل‬ ‫او‬ ‫تنظیم‬ ،‫اصالح‬ ‫سره‬ ‫تغیر‬ . 5
  • 6. ‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬ • ‫سته؛‬ ‫توپیر‬ ‫زیات‬ ‫منځ‬ ‫تر‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫او‬ ‫اصالحات‬ • ‫ل‬ ‫توقع‬ ‫څخه‬ ‫سیسټم‬ ‫موجوده‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫چي‬ ،‫کې‬ ‫حال‬ ‫داسی‬ ‫په‬ ،‫کول‬ ‫شروع‬ ‫کار‬ ‫یو‬ ‫د‬ ‫سره‬ ‫له‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫ري‬ . • ‫غورځوي‬ ‫پښو‬ ‫د‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫بلکې‬ ،‫اچوي‬ ‫نه‬ ‫پښو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫نظام‬ ‫اصالحات‬ . • ‫دي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫په‬ ‫اوښتون‬ ‫د‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫اما‬ ‫دي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫په‬ ‫تغیر‬ ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ . 6
  • 7. ‫ادامه‬ ... • ‫ته‬ ‫الس‬ ‫د‬ ‫قدرت‬ ‫د‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫اما‬ ‫اړول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫حالت‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫او‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫یو‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫یعني‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫یي‬ ‫منظور‬ ‫په‬ ‫راوړولو‬ . • ‫برعکس‬ ‫انقالب‬ ‫بلکې‬ ‫ده‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫پرمختیا‬ ‫د‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫د‬ ‫پالن‬ ‫عملي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫سنجول‬ ‫یو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬ . 7
  • 8. ‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ • ‫کو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫جزیاتو‬ ‫د‬ ‫ممکن‬ ،‫توګه‬ ‫په‬ ‫بیلګې‬ ‫د‬ ،‫کوي‬ ‫افاده‬ ‫معناوي‬ ‫مختلفي‬ ‫اصطالح‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ ‫بشپړ‬ ‫د‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ولري‬ ‫معني‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ . • ‫ګوند‬ ‫بولیوویچ‬ ‫د‬ ‫کي‬ ‫روسیه‬ ‫په‬ ‫چې‬ ‫کله‬ (Bolshevik Party) ‫د‬ ‫موخه‬ ‫ددوی‬ ‫نو‬ ،‫ورسېد‬ ‫ته‬ ‫واک‬ ‫ورسېدل‬ ‫ته‬ ‫موخي‬ ‫دې‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫دوی‬ ‫او‬ ،‫وه‬ ‫بدلول‬ ‫دولت‬ ‫سوسیالیست‬ ‫په‬ ‫روسیې‬ . ‫د‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫لینن‬ ‫کول‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫کي‬ ‫رڼا‬ ‫په‬ ‫مارکسیزم‬ . ‫نیسو؛‬ ‫الندي‬ ‫څیړني‬ ‫تر‬ ‫ډول‬ ‫الندي‬ ‫په‬ ‫نموني‬ ‫څو‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ ‫چی‬ 8
  • 9. ‫ډولونه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫د‬ • ‫اصالحات‬ ‫ساختماني‬ ‫یا‬ ‫ساختاري‬ • ‫اصالحات‬ ‫چلند‬ ‫د‬ • ‫پراختیا‬ ‫اداري‬ 9
  • 10. ‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬ • ‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫استعمال‬ ‫ورته‬ ‫اصطالحات‬ ‫مختلف‬ ‫او‬ ‫دي‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫تعریفونه‬ ‫ډېر‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ . • ‫تغیر‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫مثال‬ (Administrative Change) • ‫بدلون‬ ‫اداري‬ (Transformation Administrative) • ‫تجدید‬ ‫اداري‬ (Renewal Administrative) • ‫بازسازي‬ ‫اداري‬ (Rehabilitation Administrative) • ‫کول‬ ‫معیاري‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫هم‬ ‫یا‬ ‫او‬ (Administration Standardizing) 10
  • 11. ‫تعریف‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫داداري‬ • ‫ب‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫نیول‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پام‬ ‫په‬ ،‫هوښیار‬ ‫یو‬ ‫کې‬ ‫جوړښت‬ ‫یا‬ ‫سکتور‬ ‫شخصي‬ ‫او‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫یو‬ ‫په‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫دلون‬ ‫ورکړي‬ ‫پرمختیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫کیفیت‬ ‫ځواک‬ ‫دکاري‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫او‬ ‫راولي‬ ‫سمون‬ ‫کښي‬ ‫جوړښت‬ ‫په‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫ترڅو‬ ،‫دي‬ . • ‫مستقیم‬ ‫چي‬ ‫کوم‬ ،‫دي‬ ‫تغیرات‬ ‫سوي‬ ‫پالن‬ ،‫سوي‬ ‫سنجول‬ ‫هغه‬ ‫کي‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫په‬ ‫هیواد‬ ‫دیو‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫رسیږي‬ ‫واسطه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ټولني‬ ‫د‬ ‫طریقه‬ ‫ښه‬ ‫په‬ ‫ته‬ ‫موخو‬ ‫خپلو‬ ‫ډول‬ . 11
  • 12. ‫ادامه‬ ... • ‫کایډن‬ ‫د‬ (Caiden) ‫اتنظ‬ ‫ته‬ ‫بدلونونو‬ ‫پیښو‬ ‫طبیعي‬ ‫د‬ ‫باید‬ ‫انسان‬ ‫چي‬ ‫معنا‬ ‫ساده‬ ‫په‬ ‫اصالح‬ ‫وینا‬ ‫په‬ ‫ونه‬ ‫ار‬ ‫راول‬ ‫سره‬ ‫سرعت‬ ‫په‬ ‫پرمختګونه‬ ‫کي‬ ‫نظم‬ ‫په‬ ‫نړي‬ ‫د‬ ‫سره‬ ‫وسایلو‬ ‫مصنوعي‬ ‫په‬ ‫باید‬ ‫بلکي‬ ،‫باسي‬ ‫ي‬ . 12
  • 13. ‫تاریخچه‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫د‬ • ‫کې‬ ‫کتاب‬ ‫خپل‬ ‫په‬ ‫کایډن‬ Dynamics of Public Administration ‫کړي‬ ‫ذکر‬ ‫سول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫کې‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫په‬ ‫لپاره‬ ‫ځل‬ ‫لومړي‬ ‫د‬ ‫چی‬ ،‫دي‬ . • ‫د‬ ‫چی‬ ‫دا‬ ۱۹ ‫زیات‬ ‫نو‬ ‫سول‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫تیوري‬ ‫کپیټلیزم‬ ‫کې‬ ‫نیمایي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړی‬ ‫وال‬ ‫پانګه‬ ‫وه‬ ‫نه‬ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫خو‬ ،‫راغلل‬ . • ‫شتون‬ ‫نه‬ ‫اصولو‬ ‫بیروکراټیکو‬ ‫د‬ • ۱۸۸۷ ‫ویلسن‬ ‫ویډرو‬ ‫کې‬ ‫کال‬ • ‫څخه‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ۱۹ ‫چی‬ ‫ده‬ ‫اداره‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ،‫کول‬ ‫دفاع‬ ‫کې‬ ‫پاي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړي‬ ‫وربښی‬ ‫پراختیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫سازمانونو‬ • ‫د‬ ۱۹ ‫اصالحات‬ ‫کي‬ ‫ادارو‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫په‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫راغونډیدل‬ ‫عالمانو‬ ‫د‬ ‫کی‬ ‫پاي‬ ‫په‬ ‫پیړی‬ ‫سي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ . 13
  • 14. ‫ادامه‬ .... • ‫ماتیدون‬ ‫نه‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ‫وکړل‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫بیا‬ ‫ګذاري‬ ‫سرمایه‬ ‫خو‬ ،‫کړل‬ ‫مخه‬ ‫ته‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫اداری‬ ‫هم‬ ‫انګلستان‬ ‫کي‬ ‫کړي‬ ‫ته‬ ‫رامنځ‬ ‫اصول‬ ‫بیروکراټیک‬ . • ‫پالر‬ ‫اداري‬ ‫عامه‬ ‫د‬ ‫امریکا‬ ‫د‬ Goodnow ‫د‬ ‫او‬ ‫سي‬ ‫سره‬ ‫تر‬ ‫څیړنی‬ ‫خاصی‬ ‫څو‬ ‫تر‬ ،‫وو‬ ‫اند‬ ‫دی‬ ‫په‬ ‫چی‬ ‫سي‬ ‫مقرر‬ ‫باید‬ ‫فاریغین‬ ‫ادری‬ ‫عامه‬ . • ‫کی‬ ‫لیدل‬ ‫اړتیا‬ ‫ته‬ ‫اصالحاتو‬ ‫او‬ ‫خالصون‬ ‫مستعمری‬ ‫د‬ ‫هیوادونه‬ ‫جګړی‬ ‫نړیوالی‬ ‫دوهمی‬ ‫تر‬ ‫وروسته‬ ‫دل‬ ( ‫ټولنیز‬ ،‫اقتصادي‬ )... 14