The document describes the design and analysis of a G+2 multi-storey building using ETABS software. It includes modeling the building in ETABS, defining material properties, performing load calculations, and analyzing results such as shear force and bending moment diagrams. The objectives are to analyze the building under different ground motions and lateral load systems. The methodology adopted is to model the frame, braced frames, and frame with shear walls to compare responses. Load calculations are presented along with design constants. Maximum story displacement and design shear forces are reported. It was concluded that including the basement in the analysis and considering seismic loads for the basement structure is important for high-rise buildings.

1. DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF MULTI STORIED G+2 BUILDINGS
A Mini project report submitted to
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Submitted by:
Bikash Kumar Sah :19831A0188
Sudeep Kumar :19831A0181
Avishek Jaiswal :19831A0189
V. Divya :19831A0183
Under the Guidance of
Mr. U. Praveen Goud
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
[Affiliated to JNTUH –Hyderabad and approved by AICTE, New Delhi]

2. LIST OF CONTENTS
• ABSTRACT
• INTRODUCTION
• OBJECTIVES AND SCOPES
• LITERATURE REVIEW
• METHODOLOGY
• MODELING
• RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
• CONCLUSIONS
• REFRENCES

3. ABSTRACT
Civil engineering is a very vast field in which planning and designing of buildings are
done according to the need. As we can see that many development and changes
happening in the sector of construction and everyday new commercial and
residential buildings projects are initiated. So, it needs proper planning before
starting the construction so that the work can be done in a cost effective way and
also complete the structures as per users requirements. The ETABS is a
engineering software that helps in modeling, designing and calculating loads
while making a structure. It is a very useful software in civil engineering field and
provide a vast methods to ease out the work of engineers. It analysis the
structure in terms of static and dynamic loads. Today there is a huge scope in this
field and it also gives the opportunity to many people to work it the respective
field.

4. INTRODUCTION
Manual calculation is mainly two dimensional analysis system and ETABS use
three dimensional analysis system. That’s why obviously there must be a
significant difference between ETABS analysis and manual analysis. But in the
present era time is the most important factor. Everyone wants to complete a
project within the short time. So we are more likely to be dependent on the
software’s. But the calculation process of this software’s is totally unknown.
That’s why a study is required regarding how much we can rely on the
outcome of this software’s and which is better between manual calculations
and software’s analysis. For the manual calculation part, the vertical load
analysis is performed by moment distribution method and horizontal load
analysis is based on cantilever method.

5. ETABS
ETABS is a sophisticated, yet easy to use, special purpose analysis and design
program developed specifically for building systems. ETABS features an intuitive
and powerful graphical interface coupled with unmatched modeling, analytical,
design, and detailing procedures, all integrated using a common database.
Although quick and easy for simple structures, ETABS can also handle the largest
and most complex building models, including a wide range of nonlinear behaviors
necessary for performance-based design, making it the tool of choice for
structural engineers in the building industry.
ETABS can be used as a very powerful collaboration tool between different
disciplines in the modelling of building. The different disciplines that use ETABS
approach the program from unique perspectives. Each of these perspectives is
focused on completing that discipline's task. Companies that adopt the software
first examine the existing work flow process to determine if such an elaborate
collaboration tool is required.

6. TYPES OF LOAD USED
Different types of loading used for the analysis of the building
according to BNBC 1993 are given below:
 Dead load
 Live load
 Wind load
 Earthquake load
 Snow loads
LOAD Earthquake Zones & Zone Factor
ZONES ZONE FACTORS
1.ZONE II (0.10)
2.ZONE III (0.16)
3.ZONE IV (0.24)
4.ZONE V (0.36)

7. ORIGIN OF EARTHQUAKE:
❖ Earthquakes are usually caused when underground rock suddenly breaks and
there is rapid motion along a fault. This sudden release of energy causes the
seismic waves that make the ground shake.
SEISMIC ZONES OF INDIA
❖ Based on magnitude of the earthquake India is classified into 4 zones.
1.ZONE II (Low)
2.ZONE III (Moderate)
3.ZONE IV (Severe)
4.ZONE V (Very Severe) where zone V is high severity zone

8. OBJECTIVES
The objectives of present work are as follows:
a) To analyze the building with different ground motions, namely, IS code compatible ground
motion, Imperial Valley ground motion and San Francisco ground motion.
b) To perform dynamic analysis of the building using response spectrum method.
c) To model building with different lateral stiffness systems and study the change in response
of the building
d) To compare and get a better and efficient lateral stiffness system.

9. SCOPE
a) This study concerns analysis of reinforced concrete moment resisting open
frame, open frame with braces and open frame with shear walls only, using Staad
Pro program. The effect of brick infill is ignored.
b) This study involves a theoretical storey building with normal floor loading and
no infill walls.
c) The comparison of fundamental period, base shear, inter-storey drift and top-
storey deflection is done by using Response Spectrum analysis, which is a linear
elastic analysis.

10. LITERATURE REVIEW
S Abhishek, Manoj S K, Roopa B D, Bhagyashree M S, Guruprasad C H M(2018), They took into thought of the
residential buildings (G+1) style and did the analysis using ETABS, whereby they got productive results through
that they got a great industrial exposure and saved their coming up with time in addition as analysis. They took
load thought for the worst scenarios for the loading in their structures. They designed structural components on
the software as well as manually and after they did comparison.
K. Naga Sai Gopal(2017), He took into thought of the designing of (G+5) residential buildings using ETABS, his
structure was based on theory of LIMIT STATE METHOD which provide adequate strength, serviceability and
durability besides economy. He took the necessary steps in the modelling process after correctly defining
material in ETABS. He prepared the 3D model of the structure using Etabs software for detailed analysis and
design.

11. METHODOLOGY
To gather various types of work on seismic analysis of high-rise structures and increasing
lateral stiffness of the system various papers, thesis and research articles were studied
thoroughly and referred. The idea behind doing literature review was to collect data and
have understanding on different methods and approaches that can be used, to clear
understand the software requirement of the project. Literature review was done to have
thorough guidelines during the entire project work.
METHODOLOGY ADOPTED:
As discussed in the scope of the work, the entire work is divided into three parts:
1 Analysis of frame in all the above three mentioned ground motions
2 Analysis of the braced frames.
3 Analysis of the frame with shear wall.
Structural planning is the first stage in any structural design. It involves the determination
of appropriate form of structure, material to be used, and the structural system, the layout
of its components and the method of analysis.

12. s.no.​ Material​ Unit weight KN/m3
1​ Plain concrete​ 24​
2​ Reinforced concrete​ 25​
3​ Brick masonry, cement plaster​ 20​
4​ Stone masonry​ 24​
5​ Wood​ 8​
6​ Steel​ 78.5​
7​ Floor finish​ 0.6-1.2​
Unit weight of common building materials

13. STRUCTURAL PLANNING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMED BUILDING
TABLE 1. SPECIFICATIONS OF THE BUILDING
Specifications of Building​ Data​
Storey Height​ 3 m​
Concrete grade used​ M 30​
Columns​ 300x420 mm​
Beams​ 300x450 mm
Slab Thickness​ 120mm​
External Wall Thickness​ 230 mm​
Internal Wall Thickness​ 120 mm​
Unit Weight of Concrete​ 25 kN/m3​
Live Load​ 2.0 kN/m3​
Zone​ Zone-II (as per IS:1893(part -1))​
Soil Conditions​ Hard Soil​
Damping Ratio​ 5%​
No of Floors or Stories​ G+2​

14. DEVELOPING THE MODEL IN ETABS

15. DEFINING THE MATERIAL PROPERTIES

16. SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM

17. BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM

18. RESULTS
1.Load calculations
Self - weight of Slab load:
Floor loads for 120mm thick slab
Thickness of slab -120mm
Unit weight of reinforced concrete - 25.00kn/m3
= 0.12 x 1x 25
= 3.0 KN/m2
Dead load of slab = 3.0kn/m2
Floor finishes = 1.50kn/ m2
= 3.0 x 1. 5
= 4.5 KN/m2
Roof Finishing: 1.0 KN/Sq.m
Total load of slab = 8.5kn/ m2
2.Self-weight of Beam Load:
Beam Size- 300x450mm
Unit weight of reinforced concrete - 25.00kn/m3
= 0.3 x 0.45 x 25
= 3.375Kn/m3

19. RESULTS
DESIGN CONSTANTS Using M30 and Fe 500 grade of
concrete and steel for beams, slabs, footings, columns
Therefore: -
Fck = characteristic strength for M30 N/mmsq
Fy= Characteristic strength of steel – 500N/mmsq
Wall loads
External Wall
230mm thick wall for 3.0 heights
Thickness of wall ‘b’ - 0.23m
Height of walls ‘h’ - 3.0mm
Unit weight of brick masonry γ - 19.2kN/m3
= 0.23 x 3.0 x 19.2
Total load h*b* γ = 13.248 kN/m3
Internal or Partition Walls
150mm thick wall for height 3.0m
Thickness of wall ‘b’ - 0.12m
Height of walls ‘h’ - 3.0m
Unit weight of brick masonry ‘γ’ - 19.2kN/m3
= 0.12 x 3.0 x 19.2
Total load h*b* γ = 6.912 kN/m3

20. MAXIMUM STORY DISPLACEMENT
Importance factor-I=1
Response reduction factor-R=3.0
1. 1.2 (DL+LL+WL)
2. 2. 1.5(DL+LL)with out wind load

21. CONCLUSIONS
▪ The effect of the basement on the seismic response of high-rise buildings and the effect of the lateral
forces applied to the superstructure on the member forces in the basement were investigated in this
study and the following conclusions could be drawn.
▪ 1. Lateral stiffness of a high-rise building structure may be significantly overestimated resulting in
larger lateral displacements and shorter natural periods of vibration if the basement of a high rise
building is ignored in the analytical model. Especially in the case of the building structures with shear
walls, the effect of the basement on the seismic response turned out to be more significant. Therefore, it
is necessary to include the effect of basement in the analysis of highrisebuilding structures.
▪ 2. Lateral loads affect not only the response of the super structure but also that of the basement
structure.
▪ Therefore, seismic loads as well as gravity loads should be considered in the analysis of a high-rise
building structure for the design of the basement structure.
▪ 3. The story shear forces in the basement may be significantly overestimated if the rigid diaphragm
assumption is applied to the basement. Therefore, an efficient analysis method using partial rigid
diaphragms is proposed in this study for the analysis of high-rise buildings subjected to lateral forces
such as the seismic loads including the effects of basement.

22. REFERENCE:-
1. Mohammad Kalim, Abdul Rehman, BS Tyagi "Comparative study on analysis and design of
regular configuration of building by Staad Pro and Etabs" 5[3], 1793-1797, IRJET, March-2018.
2. Sayeed Ur Rahman, Dr. Sabih Ahmad, "A comparative study on dynamic analysis of tall buildings using
Staad Pro and Etabs"6[4], 350-358, JETIR, April- 2019.
3. Shaikh Ibrahim, MdArifuzzaman, Jisan Ali Mondal, MdTaukirAlamSanuwar Biswas, Sagar Biswas,
Design and Analysis of Residential Building, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology
(IRJET), Volume: 06 Issue: 04 | Apr 2019.
4. Dunnala Lakshmi Anuja, V.S.Nagasai , Planning, Analysis and Design of Residential Building(G+5) By
using STAAD Pro., International Journal of Engineering Development and Research (IJEDR), Volume 7, Issue 3
| ISSN: 2321-9939.
5. Mr. K. Prabin Kumar, R. Sanjaynath , A Study on Design of Multi Storey Residential Building -A
Review, International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics (IJPAM), Volume 119 No. 17 2018, 2797-2802
ISSN: 1314-3395.
6. Shubham Srivastava, Mohd. Zain, Vineet Pathak "Analysis of multi-storey building (G+7) due to
seismic Loading using Etabs and compare its results with Staad Pro "5[7], 642-648, JETIR, July 2SP-16
7. S.Ramamrutham&R.Naryanan "Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures"
8. IS 456-2000 "Indian Standard Plain and Reinforcement concrete of Practice"
9. SP-16 "Design Aids for Reinforcement Concrete to IS 456-2000

23. THANK YOU