software project management

1. Name : Anshika Das
Roll No : 14400121029
Subject :Software Engineering
Sem : 5th
Topic: Software Project Management
College :Neotia Institute of Technology Management and
Science

2. Software Project Management

3. Introduction
❑ What is Software Project Management?
❑ Why is Software Project Management
important?
❑ What are the key objectives of Software
Project Management?

4. What is Software Project Management (SPM)?
Software Project Management (SPM) is the process of planning and leading software
projects. It is a sub-discipline of project management in which software projects are planned,
implemented, monitored and controlled.
Software projects are different from other types of projects because they involve:
• Non-physical products: Software is not a tangible product that you can touch or see. It is
a collection of code, data and instructions that run on computers or other devices.
• Rapid changes: Software technology changes and advances very quickly and frequently.
This means that software developers have to keep up with the latest trends, tools and
techniques in their field.
• Customized solutions: Most of the software products are made to fit the specific needs
and requirements of the clients or users. This means that software developers have to
understand the problem domain, the user expectations and the business goals of each
project.
These characteristics make software development a challenging and complex activity that
requires careful management and coordination. That’s why Software Project Management is
essential for successful software delivery.

5. Why is Software Project Management
important?
Software Project Management is important because it helps
to:
• Incorporate user requirements along with budget and time
constraints: Software projects have to meet the needs and expectations
of the clients or users, while also staying within the allocated resources
and deadlines. Software Project Management helps to define the
scope, objectives, deliverables and milestones of each project.
• Minimize project risks by identifying and addressing
potential issues before they become bigger problems:
Software projects are prone to various risks such as
technical difficulties, changing requirements, human errors,
etc. Software Project Management helps to analyze,
prioritize, mitigate and monitor these risks throughout the
project lifecycle.

6. Improve communication by establishing clear expectations, roles and
responsibilities: Software projects involve multiple stakeholders such as
developers, designers, testers, managers, clients, etc. Software Project
Management helps to facilitate effective communication and collaboration
among them by using various tools and techniques such as meetings, reports,
feedback sessions, etc.
Drive quality by ensuring that the software products meet the
desired standards and specifications: Software projects have to
deliver high-quality software products that are reliable,
functional, usable and secure. Software Project Management
helps to ensure quality by implementing various processes such
as testing, verification, validation, review, etc.

7. What are the key objectives of Software Project
Management?
The key objectives of Software Project Management are:
• Planning: The software project manager lays out the complete project’s
blueprint. The project plan will outline the scope, resources, timelines,
techniques, strategy, communication, testing and maintenance steps. SPM can
aid greatly here.
• Estimation: The software project manager estimates the cost, effort, time and
quality of the project. The estimation will help to set realistic expectations and
allocate appropriate resources for the project. SPM can use various methods
such as analogy, expert judgment, parametric models etc.
• Scheduling: The software project manager schedules the tasks and events of
the project. The schedule will help to track the progress and performance of
the project. SPM can use various tools such as Gantt charts, network diagrams
etc.

8. • Resource management: The software project manager manages
the human and material resources of the project. The resource
management will help to optimize the utilization and allocation of
resources for the project. SPM can use various techniques such as
resource leveling, resource allocation etc.
• Monitoring and controlling: The software project manager
monitors and controls the execution of the project. The
monitoring and controlling will help to measure the actual
outcomes against the planned outcomes and take corrective
actions if needed. SPM can use various metrics such as earned
value analysis etc.
• Closing: The software project manager closes the project by
delivering the final product to the client or user. The closing will
also involve documenting the lessons learned from the project and
celebrating its success.

9. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
• Overview of SDLC phases:
SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle, which is a
process that guides the creation and delivery of software
products. It consists of seven main phases: planning, analysis,
design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
Each phase has its own set of activities, deliverables, and
quality standards.
• How SPM is integrated into each phase:
SPM stands for Software Project Management, which is a sub-
discipline of project management that focuses on managing
software projects. It involves planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling the resources, tasks, risks, and quality of software
projects. SPM is integrated into each phase of SDLC by
providing the following functions:

10. • Planning: SPM helps to define the scope, objectives,
deliverables, and milestones of the software project. It also
helps to estimate the cost, effort, time, and quality of the project
and allocate the resources accordingly.
• Analysis: SPM helps to gather and analyze the requirements of
the software project from the stakeholders and users. It also
helps to identify and prioritize the features and functionalities of
the software product.
• Design: SPM helps to design the architecture and structure of the
software product. It also helps to select the appropriate
technologies, tools, and methods for developing the software
product.
• Development: SPM helps to coordinate and monitor the coding
and implementation of the software product. It also helps to
manage the changes and revisions of the software product during
development.

11. • Testing: SPM helps to ensure that the software product meets the
quality standards and specifications. It also helps to perform various
types of testing such as unit testing, integration testing, system testing,
etc.
• Deployment: SPM helps to deliver the software product to the client or
user. It also helps to install, configure, and launch the software product
in the target environment.
• Maintenance: SPM helps to provide support and maintenance for the
software product after deployment. It also helps to fix bugs, errors, and
issues that may arise during operation.

12. Role of project manager in SDLC:
The role of project manager in SDLC is to lead and oversee the entire software project from start
to finish. The project manager is responsible for:
• Initiating: The project manager initiates the software project by defining its vision, scope,
objectives, and feasibility.
• Planning: The project manager plans the software project by creating a project plan that
outlines the tasks, resources, schedule, budget, risks, etc.
• Executing: The project manager executes the software project by directing and coordinating the
activities of the project team and other stakeholders.
• Monitoring and Controlling: The project manager monitors and controls the software project by
measuring its progress and performance against the plan and taking corrective actions if needed.
• Closing: The project manager closes the software project by delivering the final product to the
client or user and documenting the lessons learned from the project.

13. Purpose of project initiation phase:
• Define the project and its goals at a high level
• Demonstrate the business value and feasibility of the project
• Secure buy-in and approval from key stakeholders
• Establish the project scope, objectives, deliverables, and milestones
• Identify the project team, roles, and responsibilities
Activities during project initiation:
• Communicating with stakeholders to understand their needs
and expectations
• Creating a project charter or business case that outlines the
project rationale, benefits, risks, and constraints

14. • Conducting a feasibility study to assess the viability and suitability of the project
Identifying and analyzing the project requirements and features.
• Developing a project plan that defines the project scope, objectives, deliverables, schedule,
budget, resources, quality standards, and communication methods.
• Assigning roles and responsibilities to the project team members using tools such as RACI chart.
• Pitching the project to the decision-makers and obtaining their approval.
Deliverables and outcomes
• Project charter or business case: A document that describes the project and its main details
necessary to reach its goals. It serves as a contract between the project manager and the sponsor.
• Feasibility study report: A document that summarizes the results of the feasibility analysis and
provides recommendations for proceeding with the project or not.
• Project plan: A document that provides a detailed roadmap for executing and completing the
project. It includes information such as tasks, milestones, dependencies, resources, risks, quality
measures, etc.

15. • Project team: A group of people who are assigned to work on the project. They have
different roles and responsibilities depending on their skills and expertise.
• Project approval: A formal authorization from the sponsor or other decision-makers
to start working on the project. It indicates that they agree with the project charter
or business case and support the project.

16. What is Project Planning?
Project planning is the process of defining the scope, objectives, deliverables, and resources of a
project, as well as how to execute, monitor, and control it. Project planning is essential for
ensuring the success and quality of a project, as well as saving time and money, improving
communication and collaboration, and avoiding risks and issues.
Project planning is not a one-time activity, but a continuous and iterative process that adapts to
the changing needs and circumstances of the project. Project planning involves various tools and
techniques that can help you organize your thoughts, analyze data, generate ideas, solve
problems, make decisions, communicate effectively, and more.

17. Why is Project Planning important?
• Set clear and realistic goals and expectations for the project.
• Align the project with the vision and mission of the organization.
• Optimize the utilization and allocation of resources for the project.
• Coordinate and sequence the activities of the project.
• Track and measure the progress and performance of the project.
• Identify and manage the risks and issues that may affect the project.
• Ensure that the project meets the quality standards and specifications.
• Deliver the project on time, within budget, and with customer satisfaction.

18. How to create an effective Project Plan?
Scope statement: This is a document that describes what the project will deliver and what it will not
deliver. It defines the boundaries and expectations of the project and helps to avoid scope creep or
changes that are not agreed upon.
Critical success factors: These are the criteria that determine whether the project has achieved its goals
or not. They are usually measurable and specific, such as customer satisfaction, budget compliance, or
quality standards.
Deliverables: These are the tangible or intangible products or services that the project will produce. They
can be divided into smaller units or milestones that mark the progress of the project.
Work breakdown structure: This is a hierarchical decomposition of the project deliverables into smaller
and manageable tasks. It helps to assign roles and responsibilities, estimate time and cost, and track
performance.
Schedule: This is a timeline that shows when each task and milestone will start and finish. It helps to
coordinate and sequence the activities of the project and identify dependencies and critical paths.

19. Budget: This is an estimate of the cost of the project, including labor, materials, equipment, and other
expenses. It helps to allocate and control the resources of the project and monitor the variance between
planned and actual costs.
Quality: This is a measure of how well the project meets the requirements and expectations of the
stakeholders. It involves setting quality standards and specifications, performing quality assurance and
quality control, and implementing quality improvement processes.
Human resources plan: This is a plan that identifies the roles and responsibilities of the project team
members, as well as their skills, availability, training needs, and motivation. It also defines how to recruit,
develop, manage, and reward the human resources of the project.
Stakeholder list: This is a list of the people or groups who have an interest or influence on the project. It
includes their names, contact information, expectations, needs, concerns, and level of involvement. It also
defines how to communicate with them effectively.
Communication plan: This is a plan that specifies what information will be shared with whom, when, how,
and why. It includes the methods, channels, frequency, format, and feedback mechanisms of
communication. It also defines how to manage communication issues and conflicts.
Risk register: This is a document that identifies the potential risks that may affect the project negatively or
positively. It includes their probability, impact, priority, causes, effects, responses, and status. It also defines
how to monitor and control risks throughout the project lifecycle.

20. Tools and techniques used in planning
• Forecasting: This is a technique that uses historical data or trends to predict future outcomes or
scenarios. It can help you estimate time, cost, quality, demand, risk, etc. for your project.
• Contingency planning: This is a technique that prepares alternative courses of action in case of
unexpected events or changes. It can help you reduce uncertainty and increase flexibility for your
project.
• Scenario planning: This is a technique that creates plausible stories or narratives about different
possible futures or situations. It can help you explore various options and implications for your project.
• Benchmarking: This is a technique that compares your project with similar projects or best practices in
terms of performance or quality. It can help you identify gaps or opportunities for improvement for
your project.
• Participatory planning: This is a technique that involves stakeholders in the planning process through
consultation or collaboration. It can help you gain insights, feedbacks, and buy-in for your project.
• PERT: This is a tool that estimates the time required for each task or activity based on optimistic, pessimistic,
and most likely scenarios. It can help you account for uncertainty and variability in your schedule for your
project.

21. Building an effective project team
• Define the project scope, goals, and deliverables: Before you start recruiting or assigning people to
your project, you need to have a clear idea of what the project is about, what you want to achieve,
and what you need to deliver. This will help you determine the size, composition, and skills of your
project team.
• Identify the roles and responsibilities: Based on the project scope and deliverables, you need to
identify the roles and responsibilities that are required for your project. For example, you may need a
project manager, a business analyst, a developer, a tester, a designer, etc. You also need to define the
tasks, expectations, and authority for each role.
• Select or recruit the team members: Once you have defined the roles and responsibilities, you need to select
or recruit the people who will fill them. You can either choose from existing employees or hire external
candidates. You should look for people who have the relevant skills, experience, and qualifications for the role.
You should also consider their personality, motivation, availability, and fit with the team culture.
• Orient and train the team members: After you have selected or recruited the team members, you need to
orient and train them for the project. You should introduce them to the project vision, goals, deliverables, plan,
schedule, budget, quality standards, etc. You should also provide them with the necessary tools, resources, and
guidance to perform their tasks. You should also encourage them to get to know each other and build trust and
rapport.

22. Roles and responsibilities of team members
Team members are the people who perform the tasks assigned by the project manager or
leader. They are responsible for delivering their work on time, within budget, and according to
quality standards. They also collaborate with other team members and stakeholders to achieve
the project objectives. Some of the roles and responsibilities of team members are:
• Complete tasks and assignments as delegated by the project manager or leader
• Actively participate in meetings and discussions
• Ask questions to clarify duties and expectations
• Be an active listener
• Take notes and keep documentation of processes and procedures related to their role
• Communicate effectively with other team members and stakeholders
• Report any issues or problems that may affect their work or the project
• Seek help or guidance when needed
• Learn new skills or knowledge as required by the project
• Respect others’ opinions and contributions
• Be flexible and adaptable to changes
• Be accountable for their work
• Contribute to continuous improvement

23. The role of project manager in team coordination
The project manager is the person who leads and oversees the entire project. They are responsible for
planning, organizing, directing, executing, monitoring, and controlling the project activities and resources.
They are also in charge of coordinating the team and ensuring that they work together effectively and
efficiently. Some of the role of project manager in team coordination are:
• Define the team structure: The project manager decides how many people are needed for the project,
what roles they will play, and how they will be organized. They also assign tasks and responsibilities to
each team member based on their skills and availability. They also establish reporting relationships and
communication channels among team members.
• Communicate with the team: The project manager communicates with the team regularly and clearly.
They share information such as project goals, deliverables, plan, schedule, budget, quality standards,
risks, etc. They also solicit feedback and input from team members and address any questions or
concerns they may have. They also keep them updated on any changes or issues that may affect the
project.
• Facilitate teamwork: The project manager facilitates teamwork by creating a positive and collaborative
work environment. They encourage team members to share ideas, knowledge, and resources. They also
promote trust and respect among team members and foster a culture of learning and innovation. They
also recognize and reward team achievements and celebrate successes.

24. Introduction to SCM in software projects
Software projects are complex and dynamic activities that involve multiple people, tasks, and artifacts.
Software projects are also subject to frequent changes due to various factors such as user feedback, new
requirements, bug fixes, enhancements, etc. These changes can affect the quality, functionality, and
performance of the software. Therefore, it is essential to manage and control these changes in a systematic
and organized way. This is where SCM comes in.
SCM is a branch of software engineering that provides a set of techniques and tools for managing the
configuration of software systems. A configuration is a collection of software components or items that
work together to form a software product or system. A configuration item can be anything that affects the
software, such as source code, binary code, data files, documentation, test cases, etc. SCM helps to identify,
organize, store, track, and control the changes in these configuration items throughout the software
development life cycle.
SCM has several benefits for software projects, such as:
• Improving productivity and efficiency by reducing errors and rework
• Enhancing quality and reliability by ensuring that the software meets the specifications and standards
• Facilitating collaboration and communication by enabling team members to share and access the latest
versions of the configuration items
• Supporting traceability and accountability by recording the history and status of the configuration items
• Enabling flexibility and adaptability by allowing changes to be made quickly and safely

25. Implementing SCM best practices for code management
Code management is one of the most important aspects of SCM. Code management refers to how you
organize, store, access, modify, and share your source code files among your team members and other
stakeholders. Code management can have a significant impact on your software quality, performance, and
maintainability. Therefore, it is essential to follow some best practices for code management, such as:
Use a version control system: A version control system (VCS) is a software tool that helps you implement
version control for your code files. A VCS allows you to create repositories or databases where you can
store your code files along with their versions, metadata, and history. A VCS also allows you to perform
various operations on your code files, such as check-in, check-out, commit, update, branch, merge, tag, etc.
Some examples of popular VCS are Git1, Subversion2, Mercurial3, etc.
Follow a coding standard: A coding standard is a set of rules or guidelines that define how you write,
format, and document your code files. A coding standard helps to ensure that your code files are
consistent, readable, and understandable by yourself and others. A coding standard also helps to prevent
errors and bugs in your code files. Some examples of coding standards are PEP 84 for Python, Google Java
Style Guide for Java, etc.
Write modular and reusable code: Modular code is code that is divided into smaller units or modules that
perform specific functions or tasks. Reusable code is code that can be used again in differentcontexts or
situations without modification or duplication. Modular and reusable code helps to improve your code
quality, efficiency, and maintainability. Modular and reusable code also helps to reduce complexity and
redundancy in your code files. Some examples of modular and reusable code are functions, classes,
libraries, frameworks, etc.

26. Comment and document your code: Commenting and documenting your code is the process of adding
explanatory or descriptive text to your code files that explain what the code does, how it works, why it is
written, etc. Commenting and documenting your code helps to make your code more understandable
and maintainable by yourself and others. Commenting and documenting your code also helps to facilitate
communication and collaboration among team members and other stakeholders. Some examples of
commenting and documenting your code are inline comments, docstrings, README files, etc.
Test and review your code: Testing and reviewing your code is the process of verifying and validating that
your code files meet the requirements and specifications of the project and that they are free of errors
and bugs. Testing and reviewing your code helps to improve your code quality, reliability, and
performance. Testing and reviewing your code also helps to identify and fix problems in your code files
before they become bigger issues. Some examples of testing and reviewing your code are unit testing,
integration testing, system testing, code review, code analysis, etc.

27. Importance of quality assurance in SPM
Quality assurance (QA) is the planned and systematic application of activities to ensure conformance of
software life cycle processes and products to requirements, standards, and procedures. QA covers the entire
software development cycle and affects the processes of planning, design, creation and execution of test cases,
support for existing test cases and test environments. QA is not only about finding and fixing bugs, but also
about improving the software quality in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and usability.
QA is important for SPM for several reasons:
• It helps to align the software project with the business goals and customer needs.
• It helps to reduce the cost and time of development by avoiding rework and errors.
• It helps to enhance the reputation and credibility of the software project and the organization.
• It helps to ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements.
• It helps to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty.

28. Types of testing
There are many different types of testing that can be applied to software projects depending on their
objectives and strategies. Some of the common types of testing are:
• Unit testing: Testing each software unit or component individually to verify its functionality.
• Integration testing: Testing how different software units or components interact with each other.
• System testing: Testing the whole software system as a single entity to verify its functionality.
• Functional testing: Testing whether the software meets its functional requirements or specifications.
• Non-functional testing: Testing whether the software meets its non-functional requirements or attributes
such as performance, security, usability, etc.
• Acceptance testing: Testing whether the software meets the expectations or needs of the end-users or
customers.

29. Monitoring and measuring quality metrics
Quality metrics are quantitative or qualitative measures that indicate the level of quality of the software
product, process, or project. Quality metrics can be used to evaluate various aspects of software quality,
such as functionality, reliability, usability, performance, security, etc. Quality metrics can also be used to
compare the actual outcomes with the planned or expected outcomes, and to identify gaps or deviations.
To monitor and measure quality metrics effectively, you need to follow some steps:
• Define the quality goals and objectives: You need to establish what you want to achieve in terms of
quality for your software product, process, or project. You need to specify the quality criteria and
standards that you will use to measure your success.
• Select the appropriate quality metrics: You need to choose the quality metrics that are relevant,
meaningful, and measurable for your software product, process, or project. You need to consider the
purpose, scope, audience, and frequency of your quality measurement. You also need to define how you
will collect, analyze, and report the quality data.
• Report and communicate the quality results: You need to present and share the quality results with
your stakeholders in a clear and concise way. You need to use various formats and techniques, such
as charts, dashboards, reports, etc. You also need to provide recommendations and action plans for
improvement.

30. Defect tracking and management
Defects are errors or flaws in the software product that cause it to deviate from its expected behavior or
performance. Defects can occur at any stage of the software development life cycle (SDLC), such as requirements
analysis, design, coding, testing, deployment, etc. Defects can affect the quality, functionality, usability, reliability,
and security of the software product.
Defect tracking and management are the processes of identifying, recording, tracking, and resolving defects in
the software product. Defect tracking and management help to prevent, detect, and fix defects in the software
product, as well as to improve its quality, performance, and maintainability.
To track and manage defects effectively, you need to follow some steps:
• Identify and report defects: You need to find and document defects in the software product using various
sources, such as testing tools, user feedback, code analysis tools, etc. You need to describe the defect
clearly and accurately using a defect report form that includes information such as defect ID, severity,
priority, status, description, steps to reproduce, expected and actual results, etc.
• Assign and prioritize defects: You need to assign defects to the responsible team members or developers
who will work on fixing them. You also need to prioritize defects based on their impact, urgency, and
complexity. You can use various methods such as MoSCoW or RICE to prioritize defects.
• Track and monitor defects: You need to track the progress and status of defects throughout their life cycle
using a defect tracking system or tool that records and updates all defect-related information. You also
need to monitor defects using various metrics such as defect density, defect resolution time, defect
leakage rate, etc.

31. Ensuring compliance with quality standards
Quality standards are rules or guidelines that define the expected level of quality for a software product, process,
or project. Quality standards can be internal or external, formal or informal, mandatory or voluntary. Quality
standards can be derived from various sources, such as customer requirements, industry best practices,
regulatory bodies, etc.
Ensuring compliance with quality standards is the process of verifying and validating that the software product,
process, or project meets or exceeds the quality standards. Ensuring compliance with quality standards helps to
ensure that the software product, process, or project is consistent, reliable, and acceptable by the stakeholders.
Ensuring compliance with quality standards also helps to avoid penalties, fines, or legal actions for non-
compliance.
To ensure compliance with quality standards effectively, you need to follow some steps:
• Identify and understand the quality standards: You need to identify and understand the quality standards that
are applicable and relevant for your software product, process, or project. You need to review and analyze the
quality standards and their requirements, specifications, and criteria. You also need to communicate and
educate your team members and stakeholders about the quality standards and their implications.
• Implement and follow the quality standards: You need to implement and follow the quality standards
throughout the software development life cycle (SDLC). You need to align your software product, process, or
project with the quality standards and their requirements, specifications, and criteria. You also need to use
various tools and techniques to ensure compliance with the quality standards, such as checklists, audits,
reviews, inspections, etc.

32. • Evaluate and measure the compliance level: You need to evaluate and measure the compliance level of your
software product, process, or project with the quality standards. You need to use various methods and metrics
to assess the compliance level, such as gap analysis, compliance scorecard, compliance index, etc. You also need
to report and communicate the compliance level to your stakeholders in a clear and concise way.
• Improve and maintain the compliance level: You need to improve and maintain the compliance level of your
software product, process, or project with the quality standards. You need to identify and address any gaps or
deviations from the quality standards and implement corrective or preventive actions. You also need to monitor
and control the compliance level using various tools and techniques such as feedback loops, continuous
improvement cycles, etc.

33. The significance of project monitoring
Project monitoring is the process of collecting, analyzing, and evaluating data and
information related to the software project on a regular basis.
Project monitoring helps to:
• Check whether the project is meeting its goals and expectations
• Identify any deviations or variances from the project plan
• Detect any problems or issues that may affect the project
• Implement corrective or preventive actions to address the problems or issues
• Improve the project quality and efficiency
Project monitoring is important for SPM because it helps to:
• Ensure that the project delivers the desired value and benefits to the stakeholders
• Reduce the cost and time of development by avoiding rework and errors
• Enhance the reputation and credibility of the project and the organization
• Ensure compliance with legal and regulatory requirements
• Increase customer satisfaction and loyalty

34. Key performance indicators (KPIs) for project tracking
Project tracking is the process of reporting, communicating, and presenting the data and information collected from
project monitoring to the stakeholders. Project tracking helps to:
• Inform the stakeholders about the current status and progress of the project
• Provide feedback and recommendations for improvement
• Support decision making and problem solving
• Facilitate collaboration and coordination among team members and stakeholders
• Document the project history and outcomes
Project tracking is important for SPM because it helps to:
• Align the project with the business goals and customer needs
• Optimize the utilization and allocation of resources for the project
• Coordinate and sequence the activities of the project
• Track and measure the progress and performance of the project
• Identify and manage the risks and issues that may affect the project

35. Project status reports and progress updates
One of the main tools for project tracking is a project status report. A project status report is a document that
summarizes and communicates the current status and progress of a software project to the stakeholders. A
project status report typically includes information such as:
• Project overview: The name, description, objectives, scope, deliverables, milestones, etc. of the project.
• Project progress: The achievements, accomplishments, challenges, issues, risks, changes, etc. that occurred
during a specific period of time (e.g., weekly, monthly, quarterly).
• Project performance: The KPIs that measure how well the project is performing in terms of scope, time, cost,
quality, etc.
• Project forecast: The projections, predictions, or estimates for future activities, deliverables, milestones, costs,
risks, etc. of the project.
• Project recommendations: The suggestions, actions, or plans for improvement, resolution, or mitigation for
any problems, issues, or risks that may affect the project

36. Overview of Earned Value Management
Earned Value Management (EVM) is a project management method that integrates scope, time,
and cost data to measure the current status and performance of a project. EVM can help you to
answer questions such as:
• How much work has been completed so far?
• How much work should have been completed by now?
• How much work remains to be done?
• How much money has been spent so far?
• How much money should have been spent by now?
• How much money will be needed to complete the project?
EVM uses three basic values:
• Planned Value (PV): This is the budgeted cost of the work that should have been done by a certain point
in time. PV is also known as Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled (BCWS).
• Earned Value (EV): This is the value of the work that has been actually completed by a certain point in
time. EV is also known as Budgeted Cost of Work Performed (BCWP).
• Actual Cost (AC): This is the actual cost of the work that has been done by a certain point in time. AC is
also known as Actual Cost of Work Performed (ACWP).

38. By employing these principles and best practices, project managers can navigate the complexities of
software development, adapt to changes, and deliver successful outcomes. However, it is essential to
recognize that each project is unique, and tailoring project management methodologies to specific
needs is crucial.
As technology and industry trends evolve, software project management must adapt as well.
Embracing emerging technologies, like artificial intelligence and predictive analytics, can further
enhance project management efficiency and decision-making.
Lastly, let us remember that software project management is not just about tools and processes but
also about nurturing a collaborative and motivated team. Investing in the growth and well-being of
team members fosters a positive work environment and ultimately leads to higher project success
rates.
In conclusion, software project management serves as the compass that guides software development
projects to success. By applying the principles, tools, and techniques discussed in this presentation, we
can navigate the challenges of software development, delivering high-quality products, and meeting
stakeholder expectations.
Conclusion

39. Thank You