This document discusses manifestations and disorders of the respiratory system. It covers several topics including: - Cardinal respiratory symptoms like cough, sputum, dyspnea, and cyanosis. - Disorders of lung mechanics including airway obstruction at different levels and abnormalities of the lung parenchyma and chest wall. - Disorders of gas exchange that can cause hypoxemia or hypercapnia due to issues like ventilation/perfusion mismatching or overall alveolar hypoventilation. - Other respiratory conditions addressed include cough, dyspnea, hypoxemia, cyanosis, and hypercapnia. Primary respiratory disorders can also affect other body systems like the cardiovascular system.