Origin about sociology is developed .

1. 1
The Origins of Sociology
 Sociology is a young science.
 It grew out of the writings of European
scholars who were interested in bringing
back a sense of community to society in
the late 1800s.
 After World War II, America took the lead in
developing the field of sociology.
 The majority of all sociologists are from the
United States.

2. 2
1837 Harriet Martineau publishes Society
in America
1848 Karl Marx publishes The Communist
Manifesto, promoting a classless society
1897 Emile Durkheim
publishes Suicide
1904 Max Weber publishes
The Protestant Ethic and
the Spirit of Capitalism
1959
C. Wright Mills publishes
Sociological Imagination
1838 Auguste Comte’s book, Positive Philosophy, identifies
science of sociology
1931
Jane Addams awarded
Nobel Peace Prize
W.E.B. DuBois publishes
The Philadelphia Negro: A
Social Study
1850
1899
Herbert Spencer
publishes
Social Statics
Time Line of Early
Sociologists
Select a sociologist, by clicking on their name, and view their contributions..

3. 3
Name the “giants” who helped to lay the
foundation for the discipline of sociology
and identify their contribution.
Durkheim Martineau
Spencer
Addams Comte
Weber
Marx Mills
Click the mouse button or press the space bar to display the answer.
Click on the names to view their contributions.
DuBois

4. 4
Jane Addams – early American sociologist
 1860–1935
 social reformer
 co-founded Hull House in Chicago slums
 awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, 1931
 focused on problems caused by imbalance of
power among social classes
 active in women’s suffrage and peace movements

5. 5
Auguste Comte–early French sociologist
 1798–1857
 father of sociology
 first to advocate the scientific study of society
 positivism– science based on knowledge of
which we can be “positive”
 distinguished between social stability (statics) and
social change (dynamics)

6. 6
W.E.B. DuBois–early American sociologist
 1868–1963
 African American educator and social activist
 focused on the question of race inside and outside
the United States
 analyzed social structure of African American
communities
 active in Pan African movement, concerned with
rights of all African descendents

7. 7
Emile Durkheim–early French sociologist
 1858–1917
 first used statistical methods in study of human
groups
 first to teach university sociology course
 showed human behavior to be explained by social
factors rather than psychological ones

8. 8
Harriet Martineau–early English sociologist
 1802–1876
 emphasized sociology as a science
 translated Comte’s Positive Philosophy
 introduced feminism into sociology
 strong and outspoken supporter of both women
and slaves

9. 9
Karl Marx–early German sociologist
 1818–1883
 guided by principle that social scientists should try
to change the world rather than merely study it
 emphasized the role of class conflict in social
change
 writings were later used as a basis for communism

10. 10
C. Wright Mills–early American sociologist
 1917–1962
 called the personal use of sociology “the
sociological imagination”
 first described emergence of strong middle class
(White Collar, 1951)
 published Power Elite, (1956)
 father of student movement of 1960s

11. 11
Herbert Spencer–early English sociologist
 1820–1903
 early proponent of Social Darwinism
 opposed social reform; it interfered with process of
natural selection
 compared society to human body; composed of
parts working together to promote its well-being

12. 12
Max Weber–early German sociolgist
 1864–1920
 developed the concept of verstehen–
understanding social behavior by putting yourself
in the place of others
 identified rationalization as key to change from
preindustrial to industrial society
 pioneered techniques to prevent personal biases
in research

13. 13
 Auguste Comte developed sociology as the
scientific study of society based on positivism,
or certain knowledge.
 Comte studied social stability (social statics)
and social change (social dynamics).
 Herbert Spencer and Karl Marx used sociology
to explain the existence of poverty, capitalism,
and class struggle.
 Émile Durkheim applied scientific research
methods, such as statistical techniques, to the
study of sociology.
European Origins
The Origins of Sociology

14. 14
Sociology in America
 Jane Addams, who focused on the problems
caused by the imbalance of power among the
social classes, was an American pioneer in
sociology.
 W.E.B. Du Bois, a prominent African American
educator, applied sociology to refute racist
policies and assumptions.
 Booker T. Washington, Robert Ezra Park, and
Julian Samora also applied sociology to seek
social change for groups lacking in power.
 George Herbert Mead explored the development
of self and laid the foundation for the
theoretical perspective of symbolic
interactionism.
The Origins of Sociology