1
1966 – Charles Whitman
Charles Whitman, 25-year-old engineering student, former Marine killed ~17, wounded 32 in a mass shooting at University of Texas, before being shot/killed by police.
Earlier that day, he also murdered his wife and mother.
2
I do not really understand myself these days. I am supposed to be an
average reasonable and intelligent young man. However, lately
(I cannot recall when it started) I have been a victim of many unusual and
irrational thoughts …
Please pay off my debts [and] donate the rest anonymously
to a mental-health foundation. Maybe research can prevent
further tragedies of this type.
Whitman left a note behind. His family agreed to an autopsy and investigators found both a tumor and some other abnormalities in his brain … in the amygdala, a region of the brain that controls emotion. A follow up report concluded that the tumor might have contributed to the shootings.
We can only wonder if Whitman’s family took solace in the idea that perhaps he wasn’t truly responsible for the horrific crime he had committed.
3
Crime: who/what is responsible?
mental illness addiction drugs
alcohol poverty racism movies/tv
video games politics immigration
overpopulation dysfunctional families
faulty prison system too many guns
the education system too soft on crime
society is too permissive – lack of respect
We’re no strangers, in the US, to violent crime. To what do we attribute violent behavior??
4
Are some people just evil?
For as long as evil (or whatever we perceive as evil) has existed, people have wondered about its source. And where better to look than in the brain?
Everything we’ve ever done, thought or felt in our lives , scientists will tell us, ultimately is traceable to the web of nerve cells firing in a particular way. The brain - the machine that allows us to function as we do.
So [we might ask] if the machine is busted – if the operating system in our head fires in crazy ways - are we fully responsible for the behavior that follows?
5
NOTE: Article on slide for illustration purposes only, *you do NOT have to read it*.
Reported in the Archives of Neurology – a 2003 case: 40-year-old schoolteacher with no history of abnormal behavior developed a sudden interest in child pornography, arrested for making sexual advances to his young step-daughter, also claimed he was going to rape a woman he knew. He was assigned to a 12-step program for sex offenders.
BUT he flunked out of the course – he couldn’t seem to control his sexual urges.
A day before he was to enter prison, he went to the ER with a pounding headache, distraught and contemplating suicide. At the same time, still unable to control his sexual impulses, he was propositioning the nurses.
Doctors scanned his brain and found a tumor the size of an egg in the right orbitofrontal cor.
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining tcameroncourtney45
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the uses and applications of applied behavioral science as discussed by your classmate. Ask questions that might help to further your understanding of the applications of applied behavioral science and take the discussion to a deeper level. Do you agree with your peer’s rationale as to how a forensic psychologist might help? Why, or why not? What other similarities and differences might you share about the actual work of forensic psychologists and the way it is presented in popular media such as television and the movies?
#1
Candace Lyons
WednesdayJan 17 at 2:44pm
Manage Discussion Entry
Briefly describe this person/character, including the medium (real life, television, movie, book, etc.) from which he or she comes, why you selected him or her, his or her background, and the background of the crimes he or she committed.
Aileen Wuornos was a real-life female serial killer. As a child, her father was convicted of sexually abusing children and killed himself in prison. At one point he was diagnosed as schizophrenic. Wuornus was abandoned by her mother at four years old and forced to live with her abusive grandparents. After having a baby at 14 she was kicked out of her grandparent’s home and lived on the streets as a prostitute. Wuornos was convicted of six life sentences for killing men she accused of either raping her or attempting to rape her.
Based on your reading this week, define, in your own words, forensic psychology as a specific example of applied behavioral science, and describe how forensic psychology could have been helpful in this case.
“Forensic psychology is a field of study that applies scientific psychological knowledge to legal issues pertaining to criminal offenders and the criminal justice system. Identify trends in forensic psychology that would prove helpful” (McCarthy et al, 2016, section 6.1). I would define it as the application and education of reliable scientific psychology in the criminal justice system. Forensic psychologist can evaluate human behaviors and based on scientifically reliable assessments determine the dangerousness to a person’s self or society at large. The can also look for common diagnosis to determine if a person is fit to stand trial. In the case of Wuornus, a forensic psychologist could have examined her RAP sheet to determine if she was a threat to society. She was arrested for several crimes, including armed robbery and assault. In the biosocial age, criminologist now have access to genetic and brain imaging data. I think it would have been worth assessing her for schizophrenia. She stated that the men she killed either raped her or attempted to rape her until she was executed. Paranoia is common in schizophrenics and some believed she was convinced that she was raped or about to be raped. In her mind the murders were justified.
Discuss why profiling is or is not a science.
Profiling can never be an exact science because o ...
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the.docxJASS44
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the uses and applications of applied behavioral science as discussed by your classmate. Ask questions that might help to further your understanding of the applications of applied behavioral science and take the discussion to a deeper level. Do you agree with your peer’s rationale as to how a forensic psychologist might help? Why, or why not? What other similarities and differences might you share about the actual work of forensic psychologists and the way it is presented in popular media such as television and the movies?#1Candace Lyons
WednesdayJan 17 at 2:44pm
Manage Discussion Entry
Briefly describe this person/character, including the medium (real life, television, movie, book, etc.) from which he or she comes, why you selected him or her, his or her background, and the background of the crimes he or she committed.
Aileen Wuornos was a real-life female serial killer. As a child, her father was convicted of sexually abusing children and killed himself in prison. At one point he was diagnosed as schizophrenic. Wuornus was abandoned by her mother at four years old and forced to live with her abusive grandparents. After having a baby at 14 she was kicked out of her grandparent’s home and lived on the streets as a prostitute. Wuornos was convicted of six life sentences for killing men she accused of either raping her or attempting to rape her.
Based on your reading this week, define, in your own words, forensic psychology as a specific example of applied behavioral science, and describe how forensic psychology could have been helpful in this case.
“Forensic psychology is a field of study that applies scientific psychological knowledge to legal issues pertaining to criminal offenders and the criminal justice system. Identify trends in forensic psychology that would prove helpful” (McCarthy et al, 2016, section 6.1). I would define it as the application and education of reliable scientific psychology in the criminal justice system. Forensic psychologist can evaluate human behaviors and based on scientifically reliable assessments determine the dangerousness to a person’s self or society at large. The can also look for common diagnosis to determine if a person is fit to stand trial. In the case of Wuornus, a forensic psychologist could have examined her RAP sheet to determine if she was a threat to society. She was arrested for several crimes, including armed robbery and assault. In the biosocial age, criminologist now have access to genetic and brain imaging data. I think it would have been worth assessing her for schizophrenia. She stated that the men she killed either raped her or attempted to rape her until she was executed. Paranoia is common in schizophrenics and some believed she was convinced that she was raped or about to be raped. In her mind the murders were justified.
Discuss why profiling is or is not a science.
Profiling can never be an exact science because of complexit ...
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining tcameroncourtney45
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the uses and applications of applied behavioral science as discussed by your classmate. Ask questions that might help to further your understanding of the applications of applied behavioral science and take the discussion to a deeper level. Do you agree with your peer’s rationale as to how a forensic psychologist might help? Why, or why not? What other similarities and differences might you share about the actual work of forensic psychologists and the way it is presented in popular media such as television and the movies?
#1
Candace Lyons
WednesdayJan 17 at 2:44pm
Manage Discussion Entry
Briefly describe this person/character, including the medium (real life, television, movie, book, etc.) from which he or she comes, why you selected him or her, his or her background, and the background of the crimes he or she committed.
Aileen Wuornos was a real-life female serial killer. As a child, her father was convicted of sexually abusing children and killed himself in prison. At one point he was diagnosed as schizophrenic. Wuornus was abandoned by her mother at four years old and forced to live with her abusive grandparents. After having a baby at 14 she was kicked out of her grandparent’s home and lived on the streets as a prostitute. Wuornos was convicted of six life sentences for killing men she accused of either raping her or attempting to rape her.
Based on your reading this week, define, in your own words, forensic psychology as a specific example of applied behavioral science, and describe how forensic psychology could have been helpful in this case.
“Forensic psychology is a field of study that applies scientific psychological knowledge to legal issues pertaining to criminal offenders and the criminal justice system. Identify trends in forensic psychology that would prove helpful” (McCarthy et al, 2016, section 6.1). I would define it as the application and education of reliable scientific psychology in the criminal justice system. Forensic psychologist can evaluate human behaviors and based on scientifically reliable assessments determine the dangerousness to a person’s self or society at large. The can also look for common diagnosis to determine if a person is fit to stand trial. In the case of Wuornus, a forensic psychologist could have examined her RAP sheet to determine if she was a threat to society. She was arrested for several crimes, including armed robbery and assault. In the biosocial age, criminologist now have access to genetic and brain imaging data. I think it would have been worth assessing her for schizophrenia. She stated that the men she killed either raped her or attempted to rape her until she was executed. Paranoia is common in schizophrenics and some believed she was convinced that she was raped or about to be raped. In her mind the murders were justified.
Discuss why profiling is or is not a science.
Profiling can never be an exact science because o ...
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the.docxJASS44
Be sure to include in your reply specific commentary examining the uses and applications of applied behavioral science as discussed by your classmate. Ask questions that might help to further your understanding of the applications of applied behavioral science and take the discussion to a deeper level. Do you agree with your peer’s rationale as to how a forensic psychologist might help? Why, or why not? What other similarities and differences might you share about the actual work of forensic psychologists and the way it is presented in popular media such as television and the movies?#1Candace Lyons
WednesdayJan 17 at 2:44pm
Manage Discussion Entry
Briefly describe this person/character, including the medium (real life, television, movie, book, etc.) from which he or she comes, why you selected him or her, his or her background, and the background of the crimes he or she committed.
Aileen Wuornos was a real-life female serial killer. As a child, her father was convicted of sexually abusing children and killed himself in prison. At one point he was diagnosed as schizophrenic. Wuornus was abandoned by her mother at four years old and forced to live with her abusive grandparents. After having a baby at 14 she was kicked out of her grandparent’s home and lived on the streets as a prostitute. Wuornos was convicted of six life sentences for killing men she accused of either raping her or attempting to rape her.
Based on your reading this week, define, in your own words, forensic psychology as a specific example of applied behavioral science, and describe how forensic psychology could have been helpful in this case.
“Forensic psychology is a field of study that applies scientific psychological knowledge to legal issues pertaining to criminal offenders and the criminal justice system. Identify trends in forensic psychology that would prove helpful” (McCarthy et al, 2016, section 6.1). I would define it as the application and education of reliable scientific psychology in the criminal justice system. Forensic psychologist can evaluate human behaviors and based on scientifically reliable assessments determine the dangerousness to a person’s self or society at large. The can also look for common diagnosis to determine if a person is fit to stand trial. In the case of Wuornus, a forensic psychologist could have examined her RAP sheet to determine if she was a threat to society. She was arrested for several crimes, including armed robbery and assault. In the biosocial age, criminologist now have access to genetic and brain imaging data. I think it would have been worth assessing her for schizophrenia. She stated that the men she killed either raped her or attempted to rape her until she was executed. Paranoia is common in schizophrenics and some believed she was convinced that she was raped or about to be raped. In her mind the murders were justified.
Discuss why profiling is or is not a science.
Profiling can never be an exact science because of complexit ...
2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 1/12
Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes
Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes
Did you know ....
Did you know soil fertility or the ability for a soil to provide nutrients is seated in the type of minerals it
contains? Chapter 8 will cover the various types of soil colloids including all the layer and non-layer
silicates, cation exchange, anion exchange, and sorption.
Lecture content notes are accompanied by videos listed below the notes in each submodule (e.g. Soil
Colloids (Chapter 8) Videos A though H). Print or download lecture notes then view videos in
succession alongside lecture content and add additional notes from each video. The start of each
video is noted in parenthesis (e.g. Content for Video A) within each lecture note set and contains
lecture content through the note for the next video (e.g. Content for Video B).
Figures and tables unless specifically referrenced are from the course text, Nature and Property of
Soils, 14th Edition, Brady and Weil.
Content Video A
Soil Colloids
Smallest soil particles < 1 µm
Surface area - LARGE
Surface charge - CEC
Adsorb water
AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S) LH
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2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 2/12
Types of Colloids
Crystalline Silicate clays: ordered, crystalline, layers
Non-crystalline silicate clays: non-ordered, layers, volcanic
Iron/Aluminum Oxides – weathered soils, less CEC
Humus – OM, not mineral or crystalline, high CEC
Soil Colloids
Content Video B
Layer Silicates - Construction
Phyllosillicates
Tetrahedral Sheets
1 Si with 4 Oxygen
Share basal oxygen
Form sheets
Octahedral Sheets
6 Oxygen with Al3+ or Mg 2+
Di T i O t h d l b d # f di ti i
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2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 3/12
Di or Tri Octahedral based on # of coordinating ions
http://web.utk.edu/~drtd0c/Soil%20Colloids.pdf
http://web.utk.edu/~drtd0c/Soil%20Colloids.pdf
2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
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Size .
20 Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical AttentionV-c.docxRAJU852744
20 Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
V-codes and z-codes
V-codes and Z-codes are conditions that may be the focus of clinical attention but are not considered mental disorders. They correspond to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification ICD-9-CM (V-codes) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification ICD-10-CM (Z-codes that become effective in 2015. In most instances, third-party payers do not cover charges for delivering services to an individual if the diagnosis is solely a V- or Z-code alone. If the V- or Z-code is not the primary diagnosis then it should be documented following the primary diagnosis. In addition, when writing the psychosocial assessment any psychosocial and cultural factors that might impact the client's diagnosis should be documented. The psychosocial stressors reflected in these diagnoses are widespread across all classes and cultures and have been shown to impact all aspects of an individual's life from the physical and psychological to the financial. Furthermore, these conditions have been shown to significantly impact the diagnosis and outcome for a multitude of mental and medical disorders. V- and Z-codes are grouped into numerous categories including: relational problems, problems related to abuse/neglect, educational and occupational problems, housing and economic problems, problems related to the social environment, problems related to the legal system, other counseling services, other psychosocial, personal and environmental problems, and problems of personal history (APA, 2013).
Broadly speaking, the category “Relational Problems” describes interactional problems between family members (e.g., parent/caregiver-child) or partners that result in significant impairment of family functioning or development of symptoms in the distressed individual, spouses, siblings, or other family members. Relational problems are broken down into two categories, Problems Related to Family Upbringing and Other Problems Related to Primary Support Group. For example, in the first category a Parent-Child Relational Problem involves interactional problems between one or both parents and a child that lead to dysfunction in behavioral (e.g., inadequate protection, overprotection), cognitive (e.g., antagonism toward or blaming of the other) or affective (e.g., feeling sad and angry) realms. Here, the critical factor is the quality of the parent-child relationship or when the dysfunction in this relationship is impacting the course and outcome of a psychological or medical condition. Other examples include Sibling Relational Problem, Upbringing Away from Parents, and Child Affected by Parental Relationship Distress. Similarly, family relationships and interactional patterns leading to problems related to primary support group include Partner Relational Problem, Disruption of Family by Separation/Divorce, High Expressed Emotion Level with.
223 Case 53 Problems in Pasta Land by Andres Sous.docxRAJU852744
223
Case 53
Problems in Pasta Land
by
Andres Sousa-Poza
Old Dominion University
The Food Factory has been operating in an underdeveloped country for approximately 10
years.1 Its parent corporation specializes in wheat milling, and it started the pasta factory as a
“side-line” operation to process lower quality wheat flour, which is a by-product of the
normal milling process. This low-gluten flour is generally not suitable for the production of
bread or for direct sale to consumers.
In 2009, the pasta division is confronted with a major problem. It is too successful!
The factory was designed around the mill. Production capacities matched the amount of
effluent from the mill rather than coming from a sound marketing strategy. As shown in
Table 53-1, by 2006, the pasta plant was no longer able to effectively serve existing
customers. The plant that was designed to produce 600 tons of pasta per month on two
production lines is now facing average monthly orders of approximately 800 tons.
Furthermore, the corporate director of marketing estimates that orders could easily be
increased to 1400 to 1800 tons per month.
1 All monies used in this case are in the local currency, which is one of the more than 40 countries in
the world that use the $ symbol and most of which are called dollars.
Cases in Engineering Economy 2nd by Peterson & Eschenbach
224
Table 53-1 Average Monthly Orders/Production
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Year
A
ve
ra
ge
m
on
th
ly
o
rd
er
s/
pr
od
uc
tio
n
Orders 200 280 360 490 450 580 620 710 760 800
Production 200 270 365 500 440 575 590 610 580 570
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Another challenge facing the factory is that the initial equipment was refurbished, not
new, and it is now antiquated and seriously dilapidated. Unless the plant is shut down,
equipment replacement is going to be required. The existing equipment was already a
technological generation behind when it was bought. During the last 10 years a new
generation of equipment has been developed based on high-temperature drying. The new
technology is much more suited for use with low-quality (low-gluten) flour and semolina.
New machinery is significantly more efficient. It requires fewer workers, has lower relative
energy consumption, and produces less waste. The pasta plant still maintains a price lead
through the low cost at which it is able to obtain raw materials from the corporate wheat mill,
but this barely compensates for the plant’s low efficiency.
The new technology is also enabling competitors to use low-quality, low-cost raw
materials and still produce a reasonably high-quality end product. Ultimately, this means that
the cost of higher quality pasta has dropped significantly in price, and the quality of the low-
cost pasta is increasing significantly. The pasta factory’s market is customers wit.
2
2
2
1
1
1
Organization Name: Insta-Buy
Insta-Buy is an E-Commerce Multinational American company. It was founded in 2010 and is based in Atlanta, Georgia. It mainly operates with grocery delivery and pick up and it offers services through web application and mobile application to various states in United States. It is one of the major online marketplaces for grocery delivery. The company is valued at $1 billion worth and has partnership with over 150 retailers. It is known for its fresh produce and timely delivery and pickup.
Predictive Analysis at Insta-Buy:
The predictive analytics is termed as what is likely to happen in the future. The predictive analytics is based on statistical and data mining technique. The aim of this technique is to predict the future of the project such as what would be the customer reaction on project, financial need, etc. In developing predictive analytical application, a number of techniques are used such as classification algorithms. The classification techniques are logistic regression, decision tree models and neural network. Clustering algorithms are used to segment customers in different groups which helps to target specific promotions to them. To estimate the relationship between different purchasing behavior, association mining technique is used (Mehra, 2014). As an example, for any product on Amazon.com results in the retailer also suggesting similar products that a customer might be interested in. Predictive analytics can be used in E-commerce to solve the following problems
1. Improve customer engagement and increase revenue
1. Launch promotions that target specific customer group
1. Optimizing prices to generate maximum profits
1. Keep proper inventory and reduce over stalking
1. Minimizing fraud happenings and protecting privacy
1. Provide batter customer service at low cost
1. Analyze data and make decision in real time
TOPICS:
Student: Ahmed
Topic: Bayesian Networks (Predicting Sales In E-commerce Using Bayesian Network Model)
Student: Meet
Topic: Predictive Analysis
Student: Peter
Topic: Privacy and Confidentiality in an e-Commerce World: Data Mining, Data Warehousing, Matching and Disclosure Limitation
Student: Nayeem
Topic: Ensemble Modeling
Student: Shek
Topic: L.Jack & Y.D. Tsai, Using Text Mining of Amazon Reviews to Explore User-Defined Product Highlights and Issues.
Student: Suma
Topic: Deep Neural Networks
REFERENCES:
Olufunke Rebecca Vincent, A. S. (2017). A Cognitive Buying Decision-Making Process in B2B E-Commerce Using Analytic-MLP. Elsevier.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319278239_A_Cognitive_Buying_Decision-Making_Process_in_B2B_E-Commerce_Using_Analytic-MLP
Wan, C. C. (2017). Forcasting E-commerce Key Performance Indicators
https://beta.vu.nl/nl/Images/stageverslag-wan_tcm235-867619.pdf
Fienberg, S. (2006). Privacy and Confidentiality in an e-Commerce World: Data Mining, Data Warehousing, Matching and Disclosure Limitation. Statistical Science, .
22-6 Reporting the Plight of Depression FamiliesMARTHA GELLHOR.docxRAJU852744
22-6 | Reporting the Plight of Depression Families
MARTHA GELLHORN, Field Report to Harry Hopkins (1934)
1. From Martha Gellhorn to Harry Hopkins, Report, Gaston County, North Carolina, November 11, 1934, Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Harry Hopkins Papers, Box 66. Online transcript available at http://newdeal.feri.org/hopkins/hop08.htm.
Journalist and novelist Martha Gellhorn’s heartrending field report describing impoverished Gastonia, North Carolina, families vividly captures the desperate hope of depression-era families. Hired by Harry Hopkins, Franklin Roosevelt’s point man for federal relief efforts, Gellhorn detailed the enormous challenge facing the administration. Compounding the epic humanitarian crisis she encountered was the political opposition, which she singled out as one among many obstacles hampering relief efforts.
All during this trip [to North Carolina] I have been thinking to myself about that curious phrase “red menace,” and wondering where said menace hid itself. Every house I visited — mill worker or unemployed — had a picture of the President. These ranged from newspaper clippings (in destitute homes) to large colored prints, framed in gilt cardboard. The portrait holds the place of honour over the mantel. . . . He is at once God and their intimate friend; he knows them all by name, knows their little town and mill, their little lives and problems. And, though everything else fails, he is there, and will not let them down.
I have been seeing people who, according to almost any standard, have practically nothing in life and practically nothing to look forward to or hope for. But there is hope; confidence, something intangible and real: “the president isn’t going to forget us.”
Let me cite cases: I went to see a woman with five children who was living on relief ($3.40 a week). Her picture of the President was a small one, and she told me her oldest daughter had been married some months ago and had cried for the big, coloured picture as a wedding present. The children have no shoes and that woman is terrified of the coming cold as if it were a definite physical entity. There is practically no furniture left in the home, and you can imagine what and how they eat. But she said, suddenly brightening, “I’d give my heart to see the President. I know he means to do everything he can for us; but they make it hard for him; they won’t let him.” I note this case as something special; because here the faith was coupled with a feeling (entirely sympathetic) that the President was not entirely omnipotent.
I have been seeing mill workers; and in every mill when possible, the local Union president. There has been widespread discrimination in the south; and many mills haven’t re-opened since the strike. Those open often run on such curtailment that workers are getting from 2 to 3 days work a week. The price of food has risen (especially the kind of food they eat: fat-back bacon, flour, meal, sorghum) as high as 100%. It is getting cold;.
2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sust.docxRAJU852744
2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD)
130
�
Abstract - The Vietnamese government have plan to develop the
wind farms with the expected capacity of 6 GW by 2030. With the
high penetration of wind power into power system, wind power
forecasting is essentially needed for a power generation
balancing in power system operation and electricity market.
However, such a tool is currently not available in Vietnamese
wind farms as well as electricity market. Therefore, a short-term
wind power forecasting tool for 24 hours has been created to fill
in this gap, using artificial neural network technique. The neural
network has been trained with past data recorded from 2015 to
2017 at Tuy Phong wind farm in Binh Thuan province of Viet
Nam. It has been tested for wind power prediction with the input
data from hourly weather forecast for the same wind farm. The
tool can be used for short-term wind power forecasting in
Vietnamese power system in a foreseeable future.
Keywords: power system; wind farm; wind power forecasting;
neural network; electricity market.
I. NECESITY OF WIND POWER FORECASTING
Today, the integration of wind power into the existing
grid is a big issue in power system operation. For the system
operators, power generation curve of wind turbines is a
necessary information in the power sources balancing. From
the dispatchers’ point of view, wind power forecast errors
will impact the system net imbalances when the share of
wind power increases, and more accurate forecasts mean less
regulating capacity will be activated from the real time
electricity market [1]. In the deregulated market, day-ahead
electricity spot prices are also affected by day-ahead wind
power forecasting [2]. Wind power forecasting is also
essential in reducing the power curtailment, supporting the
ancillary service. However, due to uncertainty of wind speed
and weather factors, the wind power is not easy to predict.
In recent years, many wind power forecasting methods
have been proposed. In [3], a review of different approaches
for short-term wind power forecasting has been introduced,
including statistical and physical methods with different
models such as WPMS, WPPT, Prediktor, Zephyr, WPFS,
ANEMOS, ARMINES, Ewind, Sipreolico. In [4], [5], the
methods, models of wind power forecasting and its impact on
*Research supported by Gesellschaft fuer Internationale
Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ).
D. T. Viet is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
V. V. Phuong is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
D. M. Quan is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
A. Kies is with the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Germany
(email: [email protected] uni-frankfurt.de).
B. U. Schyska is with the Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg,
Germany (email: [email protected]).
Y. K. Wu i.
202 S.W.3d 811Court of Appeals of Texas,San Antonio.PROG.docxRAJU852744
202 S.W.3d 811
Court of Appeals of Texas,
San Antonio.
PROGRESSIVE COUNTY MUTUAL INSURANCE
COMPANY, Appellant,
v.
Hector Raul TREVINO and Mario Moyeda,
Appellees.
No. 04–05–00113–CV.
|
June 28, 2006.
|
Rehearing Overruled July 31, 2006.
.
200 wordsResearch Interest Lack of minorities in top level ma.docxRAJU852744
200 words
Research Interest: Lack of minorities in top level management positions
Describe why and how a qualitative approach may be appropriate for your area of interest for your research. Include a rationale for each proposed use of qualitative inquiry.
.
2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Tech.docxRAJU852744
2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI)
19 – 22 June 2019, Coimbra, Portugal
ISBN: 978-989-98434-9-3
How ISO 27001 can help achieve GDPR compliance
Isabel Maria Lopes
Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
UNIAG, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal
ALGORITMI Centre, Minho University, Guimarães,
Portugal
[email protected]
Pedro Oliveira
Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
[email protected]
Teresa Guarda
Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena – UPSE, La
Libertad, Ecuador
Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas – ESPE, Sangolqui,
Quito, Equador
ALGORITMI Centre, Minho University, Guimarães,
Portugal
[email protected]
Abstract — Personal Data Protection has been among the most
discussed topics lately and a reason for great concern among
organizations. The EU General Data Protection Regulation
(GDPR) is the most important change in data privacy regulation
in 20 years. The regulation will fundamentally reshape the way in
which data is handled across every sector. The organizations had
two years to implement it. As referred by many authors, the
implementation of the regulation has not been an easy task for
companies. The question we aim to answer in this study is how far
the implementation of ISO 27001 standards might represent a
facilitating factor to organizations for an easier compliance with
the regulation. In order to answer this question, several websites
(mostly of consulting companies) were analyzed, and the aspects
considered as facilitating are listed in this paper.
Keywords - regulation (EU) 2016/679; general data protection
regulation; ISO/IEC 27001.
I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, data protection has become a forefront issue
in cyber security. The issues introduced by recurring
organizational data breaches, social media and the Internet of
Things (IoT) have raised the stakes even further [1, 2]. The EU
GDPR, enforced from May 25 2018, is an attempt to address
such data protection. The GDPR makes for stronger, unified data
protection throughout the EU.
The EU GDPR states that organizations must adopt
appropriate policies, procedures and processes to protect the
personal data they hold.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 27000 series
is a set of information security standards that provide best-
practice recommendations for information security management
[3].
This international standard for information security, ISO
27001, provides an excellent starting point for achieving the
technical and operational requirements necessary to reduce the
risk of a breach.
Not all data is protected by the GDPR, since it is only
applicable to personal data. This is defined in Article 4 as
follows [4]:
“personal data” means any information relating to an
identified or identifiable natural person (’data subject’); an
identifiable.
200520201ORG30002 – Leadership Practice and Skills.docxRAJU852744
20/05/2020
1
ORG30002 – Leadership Practice
and Skills
Topic: Cross-cultural Leadership
Week 10
Readings for this week….
◦ Week 10 Topic: Cross-Cultural Leadership
◦ Chapter 11, Daft
◦ Javidan, M., Dorfman, P.W., De Luque, M.S. & House R.J. (2006). In the eye of the beholder:
Cross cultural lessons in leadership from Project GLOBE - Academy of Management Perspect ive,
20(1), 67-90
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=bth&AN=19873410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
◦ Randel, A.E., et al. (2018). Inclusive leadership: Realizing posit ive outcomes through
belongingness and being valued for uniqueness, Human Resource Management Review, 28:190-
203. http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
◦ Hoffman, R., Yeh, C. & Casnocha, B. (2019). Learn from People, Not Classes Whom do you know,
and what can they teach you? Harvard Business Review, Mar – Apr 2019.
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=bth&AN=134875248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Work Force Trends
With more multi generational workplaces, work forces are becoming more
diverse and cultures of inclusion more common
Women leaders in Global Businesses showing an increasing trend
Globalization is compelling businesses to send more workers to other countries
Leaders are traveling and working abroad in greater numbers
Workers with international experience and skills are increasingly more sought-
after in the workplace
Visualising the Iceberg Model of Culture
(source:http://opengecko.com/interculturalism/visualising-the-iceberg-model-of-
culture/) The iceberg model of culture
has been arrived at through
the work of many theorists,
including those referenced
below:
◦ French, W., & Bell, C. (1995).
Organization development.
(5th Ed.). [Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice-Hall
International]
◦ Hall, E. T. (1976) Beyond
Culture [New York:
Doubleday]
◦ Selfridge, R., Sokolik, S.
(1975) “A comprehensive
v iew of organizational
management”. MSU
Business Topics, 23(1), 46-61
◦ Weaver, G. R. (1986).
“Understanding and coping
with cross-cultural
adjustment stress”. In Paige
R. M. (Ed.), Cross-Cultural
Orientation, New
Conceptualizations and
Applications. [Lanham, MD:
University Press of America]
https://monash.rl.talis.com/items/C3CF1A2F-948C-AA0D-89D9-8498251A8662.html?referrer=/lists/86EF2F87-E1BB-F832-BEB3-34F354D3DAC6.html?draft#item-C3CF1A2F-948C-AA0D-89D9-8498251A8662
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=19873410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=134875248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
20/05/2020
2
Who is a Multicultural Leader?
A leader with skills.
2/18/2020 Sample Content Topic
https://purdueglobal.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/115691/viewContent/9226875/View 1/1
Trouble at 3Forks
Introduction: The foreclosure process can differ for deeds
versus mortgages. You will conduct research to determine
these differences since it is not only covered in the real estate
exam, but it is important to know this process in professional
practice.
Scenario: Henri and Lila own a restaurant which the
government has caused to close due to widening the road in
front of their establishment. Since this is the main source of
their income, and has caused Lila and Henri to stop payments
on their mortgage, address the following questions.
Checklist:
Explain the action that Henri and Lila should expect from the
bank regarding their property.
Describe how the banks actions would differ if it was a deed of
trust rather than a mortgage.
Respond in a minimum of 600–850-word essay with additional
title and reference pages using APA format and citation style.
Access the Unit 4 Assignment grading rubric.
Submit your response to the Unit 4 Assignment Dropbox.
Assignment Details
https://kapextmediassl-a.akamaihd.net/business/MT431/1904c/rubrics/u4_rubric.pdf
Mitchell, Taylor N.
Donaldson, Jayda N
Recommended Presentation Outline
My Name is …
The title of my article is…
I found it in…
My article is relevant and interesting because….
The Economics Article
1
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$
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P*
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Economics
The study of the allocation of scarce resources: implies a cost to every action
Basic assumption
People are rational
People act to maximize their happiness
Economics is predictive
5
Economic Modeling
"The theory of economics does not furnish a body of settled conclusions immediately applicable to policy. It is a method rather than a doctrine, an apparatus of the mind, a technique of thinking which helps its possessor to draw correct conclusions." (John Maynard Keynes)
P
Q
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Demand
Function of
Income
Tastes
Prices of Substitutes
Prices of Compliments
8
P
Q
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Q*
P*
Q**
P**
9
P
Q
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D1
P1
P2
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Q2
Q1
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10
Price Elasticity of Demand
A measure of sensitivity of quantity demanded to a change in price
Q/Q)
(P/P)
Inelastic demand means that E is small
11
Supply
Function of
Costs of Production
Input Prices
Technology
12
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13
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Utility Maximization
MAX U(F, N)
Subject to the budget constraint:
PnN + PfF = I
(with a little algebra)
N= I/Pn - (Pf / Pn) F
15
Good X
Y
I/PY
U2
U1
U3
16
Theory of the Firm
Firm Maximizes profits
Max: p = Revenue - Costs
Max: p = P(Q)* Q- C(Q)
First Order Conditions:
dp/dQ = P’(Q)*P + P(Q) - C’(Q) =0
P’(Q)*P + P(Q) = C’(Q)
Marginal Revenue = Marginal Costs
17
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$
0
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Assumptions of Perfect Competition
Free Entr.
21 hours agoMercy Eke Week 2 Discussion Hamilton Depression.docxRAJU852744
21 hours ago
Mercy Eke
Week 2 Discussion: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
Depression or Major Depressive Disorder is considered as a mental health disorder that negatively impacts how an individual feel, think and behave. Individuals who suffer from depression exhibit feelings of sadness and loss in interest in once enjoyed activities (Parekh. 2017). It can cause different kinds of emotional and physical problems and can minimize an individual’s ability to be functional in their daily routines. Annually, approximately 6.7% of adults are impacted by depression. It is estimated that 16.6% of individuals will experience depression at some time in their life (Parekh. 2017). Depression is said to manifest at any time, but on average, the first manifestation occurs during the late teens to mid-20s. The female population is susceptible to experience depression than the male population. Some research indicated that one-third of the female population would experience a major depressive episode in their lifetime (Parekh. 2017).
Among all the mental disorders, depression is one of the most treatable. It is estimated that between 80-90 % of individuals suffering from depression respond well to treatment and experienced remission of their symptoms (Parekh. 2017). As a mental health professional, prior to deciphering diagnosis and initiating diagnosis, it is paramount to conduct a complete diagnostic evaluation, which includes an interview and, if necessary, a physical examination (Parekh. 2017). Blood tests can be conducted to ascertain that depression is not precipitated by a medical condition like thyroid dysfunction. The evaluation is to identify specific symptoms, medical and family history, cultural factors, and environmental factors to derive a diagnosis and establish a treatment plan (Parekh. 2017). One of the assessment tools for depression is the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. In this discussion, I will be discussing the psychometric properties of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and elaborate on when it is appropriate to utilize this assessment tool with clients, including whether the tool can be utilized to evaluate the efficacy of psychopharmacologic medications.
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was introduced in early 1960. It has been considered as a gold standard in depression studies and a preferred scale in the evaluation of depression treatment. It is the most vastly utilized observer-rated depression scale worldwide (Vindbjerg.et.al., 2019). The HDRS was initially created to measure symptoms severity in depressed inpatient; however, the 17-item HAM-D has advanced in over five decades into 11 modified versions that have been administered to various patient populations in an array of psychiatric, medical, and other research settings (Rohan.et.al., 2016). There are two most common versions with either 17 or 21 items and is scored between 0-4 points. Each item assists mental health professionals or c.
2/19/2020 Originality Report
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SafeAssign Originality Report
Spring 2020 - InfoTech Import in Strat Plan (ITS-831-08) - First Bi-Term • Week 4 Assignment
%81Total Score: High riskMohana Murali Krishna Karnati
Submission UUID: 52814687-34c0-ee43-84bc-c253ad62fe7a
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1
Highest Match
81 %
Week 4 Assignment.docx
Average Match
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3 8 6
1 9 2
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Running Head: SERVER VIRTUALIZATION 1
SERVER VIRTUALIZATION 8
Week 4 Assignment
Technet Case Study for Virtualization Mohana Murali Krishna Karnati
University of the Cumberlands
Technet Case Study for Virtualization
Technet is a hypothetical business in the storage manufacturing industry. This paper intend to elaborate the server virtualization concept using Microsoft
virtualization software from Windows server 2012R2. Organization’s Preparedness for Virtualization. As of now, the IT system design is a mishmash of old
frameworks that were obtained through various acquisitions of different providers in the storage industry. In any case, these old frameworks are aging and will soon
need to be upgraded. Generally, these old frameworks support applications that have been in service for about 10 years. The IT system situated in one of Technet
branch in Asia for instance comprise of old servers that have been in service for the last 5 years. These old servers were launched to support production and
productivity applications. The expense for permit of these old applications are presently being inspected to check whether they can be dropped and the
information moved to current Technet Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) applications. Consequently, since several IT related components are potential
contender for upgrading, this makes the likelihood of changing over current physical server farms into virtualized computing resources appropriate. Microsoft
Licensing of Virtualized Environments
Datacenter and the Standard edition are the two license version for Windows Server 2012R2 offered by Microsoft. There is likewise a free version called
Hyper-V Server which is an independent system that only contains the Windows hypervisor, a driver model as well as virtualization modules. Every window
version underpins Hyper-V, which is Microsoft's Type-1 hypervisor offering, likewise referred to as a bare-metal installation, and each Hyper-V server is known as a
Host (Portnoy, 2012). The Windows Server.
20810chapter Information Systems Sourcing .docxRAJU852744
208
10
chapter Information Systems
Sourcing
After 13 years, Kellwood, an American apparel maker, ended its soups!to!nuts IS outsourcing
arrangement with EDS . The primary focus of the original outsourcing contract was to integrate
12 individually acquired units with different systems into one system. Kellwood had been satis-
" ed enough with EDS ’ s performance to renegotiate the contract in 2002 and 2008, even though
at each renegotiation point, Kellwood had considered bringing the IS operations back in house,
or backsourcing. The 2008 contract iteration resulted in a more # exible $105 million contract that
EDS estimated would save Kellwood $2 million in the " rst year and $9 million over the remaining
contract years. But the situation at Kellwood had changed drastically. In 2008, Kellwood had been
purchased by Sun Capital Partners and taken private. The chief operating of" cer (COO), who was
facing a mountain of debt and possibly bankruptcy, wanted to consolidate and bring the operations
back in house to give some order to the current situation and reduce costs. Kellwood was suffering
from a lack of IS standardization as a result of its many acquisitions. The chief information of" cer
(CIO) recognized the importance of IS standardization and costs, but she was concerned that the
transition from outsourcing to insourcing would cause serious disruption to IS service levels and
project deadlines if it went poorly. Kellwood hired a third!party consultant to help it explore the
issues and decided that backsourcing would save money and respond to changes caused by both the
market and internal forces. Kellwood decided to backsource and started the process in late 2009. It
carefully planned for the transition, and the implementation went smoothly. By performing stream-
lined operations in house, it was able to report an impressive $3.6 million savings, or about 17% of
annual IS expenses after the " rst year. 1
The Kellwood case demonstrates a series of decisions made in relation to sourcing. Both the
decision to outsource IS operations and then to bring them back in house were based on a series of
This chapter is organized around decisions in the Sourcing Decision Cycle. The ! rst question
regarding information systems (IS) in the cycle relates to the decision to make (insource) or
buy (outsource) them. This chapter ’ s focus is on issues related to outsourcing whereas issues
related to insourcing are discussed in other chapters of this book. Discussed are the critical
decisions in the Sourcing Decision Cycle: how and where (cloud computing, onshoring,
offshoring). When the choice is offshoring, the next decision is where abroad (farshoring,
nearshoring, or captive centers). Explored next in this chapter is the ! nal decision in the
cycle, keep as is or change in which case the current arrangements are assessed and modi-
! cations are made to the outsourcing arrangem.
21720201Chapter 14Eating and WeightHealth Ps.docxRAJU852744
2/17/2020
1
Chapter 14
Eating and Weight
Health Psychology (PSYC 172)
Professor: Andrea Cook, PhD
February 18, 2020
The Digestive System
– Food nourishes the body by providing energy for
activity
– Digestion begins in the mouth
• Salivary glands provide moisture that allows food to
have taste
• Importance of good mastication
The Digestive System
The Digestive System
– Food is swallowed and then moves through the
pharynx and esophagus
– Peristalsis moves food through the digestive
system
– In the stomach, food is mixed with gastric juices
so it can be absorbed by the small intestine
– Most nutrients are digested in the small intestine
– Digestion process is complete when waste is
eliminated
The Digestive System, Continued
2/17/2020
2
Microbiome
4YouTube: What is the human microbiome?
Supporting the Gut Microbiome
Dysbiosis = unbalanced gut microbiome
• associated with weight gain, insulin resistance,
inflammation
Probiotics
• contain live microorganisms
• maintain or improve the "good" bacteria (normal microflora)
in the body
• e.g., fermented foods, yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi
Prebiotics
• act as food for human microflora
• helps improve microflora balance
• e.g., whole grains, bananas, greens, onions, garlic
5
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-
answers/probiotics/faq-20058065
Supporting the Gut Microbiome
Medication overuse
• anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, acid blocking drugs, and
steroids damage gut or block normal digestive function
Stress
• chronic stress alters the normal bacteria in the gut
Lifestyle
• plenty of fiber, water, exercise and rest
Healthy Defecation
• three bowel movements a day to three each week
• no intestinal pain or bloating
• no straining
6
https://drhyman.com/blog/2014/10/10/tend-inner-garden-gut-flora-may-
making-sick/
2/17/2020
3
Bristol Stool Chart
7
Factors in Weight Maintenance
– Stable weight occurs when calories eaten equal those
expended for body metabolism and physical exercise
[OLD THINKING]
– Complicated interplay of nutrients, hormones, and
inflammation
• Metabolic rates differ from person to person
• Ghrelin, a hormone, stimulates appetite
• Leptin, a protein, signals satiation and fat storage
• Insulin, a hormone produced in pancreas
– unlocks cells for glucose use for energy
– cues hypothalamus for satiation and decreased appetite
Factors in Weight Maintenance
What is obesity?
– Overeating is not the sole cause of obesity
– Various methods to assess body fat
• Skin-fold technique
• Percentage body fat
• Body mass index (BMI)
– Can also be thought of in terms of social and
cultural standards
– ideal body = thinner in past 50 years
What is Obesity?
2/17/2020
4
BMI
10
– Obesity rates have increased, especially
“extreme” obesity
• past 30 years obesity rates have nearly doubled to
600 million
• 37.8% of US adults are obese and an additional 32.6%
are over.
2020/2/21 Critical Review #2 - WebCOM™ 2.0
https://smc.grtep.com/index.cfm/smcc/page/2criticalreviews 1/10
Santa Monica College Democracy and Di�erence Through the Aesthetics
of Film
Tahvildaran
Assignment Objectives: Enhance and/or improve critical thinking and
media literacy skills by:
1. Developing a clear and concise thesis statement (an
argument) in response to the
following question: Does the �lm have the power to
transform political sensibilities?
2. Writing an outline for a �ve paragraph analytical essay
building on a clear and
concise thesis statement, including topic sentences and
secondary supports.
3. Identifying and explaining three scenes from the �lm text in
support of the thesis
statement/argument.
4. Writing an introductory paragraph for the outlined analytical
essay
Be sure to read thoroughly the writing conventions below before beginning this
assignment.
Note: You are NOT writing a full essay; rather, you are outlining an analytical
essay by completing the dialogue in the boxes below.
Writing a Critical Review (analytical) Essay
2020/2/21 Critical Review #2 - WebCOM™ 2.0
https://smc.grtep.com/index.cfm/smcc/page/2criticalreviews 2/10
1. Every essay that you write for this course must have a clear thesis, placed
(perhaps) somewhere near the end of the introductory paragraph. Simply
stated, a THESIS (or ARGUMENT) expresses, preferably in a single sentence,
the point you want to make about the text that is the subject of your essay. A
THESIS should be an opinion or interpretation of the text, not merely a fact or
observation. The best possible THESIS will answer some speci�c questions
about the text. Very often the THESIS contains an outline of the major points
to be covered in the essay. A possible thesis for an essay on character in
Perry Henzell’s The Harder They Come might read somewhat as follows:
The protagonist of THTC is not a hero in the epic sense of the word, but a
self-centered young man bred of economic oppression and cultural
dependency. The characters in this �lm have no real psychological depth, but
are markers for a society of consumption and momentary glory.
(You might then go on to exemplify from the text and argue in favor or
against this interpretation: your essay need not hold to only one perspective.)
What single, clear QUESTION does the above THESIS attempt to answer?
2. Each essay should be organized into �ve (5) paragraphs, each based on one
of two to four major ideas, which will comprise the BODY of the essay. Each
paragraph must have a topic sentence, often (but not always) towards the
beginning of the paragraph, which clearly states the ARGUMENT or point to
be made in the paragraph. Following the thesis set forth.
2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 1/12
Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes
Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes
Did you know ....
Did you know soil fertility or the ability for a soil to provide nutrients is seated in the type of minerals it
contains? Chapter 8 will cover the various types of soil colloids including all the layer and non-layer
silicates, cation exchange, anion exchange, and sorption.
Lecture content notes are accompanied by videos listed below the notes in each submodule (e.g. Soil
Colloids (Chapter 8) Videos A though H). Print or download lecture notes then view videos in
succession alongside lecture content and add additional notes from each video. The start of each
video is noted in parenthesis (e.g. Content for Video A) within each lecture note set and contains
lecture content through the note for the next video (e.g. Content for Video B).
Figures and tables unless specifically referrenced are from the course text, Nature and Property of
Soils, 14th Edition, Brady and Weil.
Content Video A
Soil Colloids
Smallest soil particles < 1 µm
Surface area - LARGE
Surface charge - CEC
Adsorb water
AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S) LH
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/navigateContent/176/Previous?pId=60403304
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/navigateContent/176/Next?pId=60403304
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/common/dialogs/quickLink/quickLink.d2l?ou=8094442&type=content&rcode=TBR-23958617
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/home/8094442
2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 2/12
Types of Colloids
Crystalline Silicate clays: ordered, crystalline, layers
Non-crystalline silicate clays: non-ordered, layers, volcanic
Iron/Aluminum Oxides – weathered soils, less CEC
Humus – OM, not mineral or crystalline, high CEC
Soil Colloids
Content Video B
Layer Silicates - Construction
Phyllosillicates
Tetrahedral Sheets
1 Si with 4 Oxygen
Share basal oxygen
Form sheets
Octahedral Sheets
6 Oxygen with Al3+ or Mg 2+
Di T i O t h d l b d # f di ti i
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2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 3/12
Di or Tri Octahedral based on # of coordinating ions
http://web.utk.edu/~drtd0c/Soil%20Colloids.pdf
http://web.utk.edu/~drtd0c/Soil%20Colloids.pdf
2/21/2020 Soil Colloids (Chapter 8) Notes - AGRI1050R50: Introduction to Soil Science (2020S)
https://gotoclass.tnecampus.org/d2l/le/content/8094442/viewContent/60403389/View 4/12
Size .
20 Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical AttentionV-c.docxRAJU852744
20 Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention
V-codes and z-codes
V-codes and Z-codes are conditions that may be the focus of clinical attention but are not considered mental disorders. They correspond to International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification ICD-9-CM (V-codes) and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification ICD-10-CM (Z-codes that become effective in 2015. In most instances, third-party payers do not cover charges for delivering services to an individual if the diagnosis is solely a V- or Z-code alone. If the V- or Z-code is not the primary diagnosis then it should be documented following the primary diagnosis. In addition, when writing the psychosocial assessment any psychosocial and cultural factors that might impact the client's diagnosis should be documented. The psychosocial stressors reflected in these diagnoses are widespread across all classes and cultures and have been shown to impact all aspects of an individual's life from the physical and psychological to the financial. Furthermore, these conditions have been shown to significantly impact the diagnosis and outcome for a multitude of mental and medical disorders. V- and Z-codes are grouped into numerous categories including: relational problems, problems related to abuse/neglect, educational and occupational problems, housing and economic problems, problems related to the social environment, problems related to the legal system, other counseling services, other psychosocial, personal and environmental problems, and problems of personal history (APA, 2013).
Broadly speaking, the category “Relational Problems” describes interactional problems between family members (e.g., parent/caregiver-child) or partners that result in significant impairment of family functioning or development of symptoms in the distressed individual, spouses, siblings, or other family members. Relational problems are broken down into two categories, Problems Related to Family Upbringing and Other Problems Related to Primary Support Group. For example, in the first category a Parent-Child Relational Problem involves interactional problems between one or both parents and a child that lead to dysfunction in behavioral (e.g., inadequate protection, overprotection), cognitive (e.g., antagonism toward or blaming of the other) or affective (e.g., feeling sad and angry) realms. Here, the critical factor is the quality of the parent-child relationship or when the dysfunction in this relationship is impacting the course and outcome of a psychological or medical condition. Other examples include Sibling Relational Problem, Upbringing Away from Parents, and Child Affected by Parental Relationship Distress. Similarly, family relationships and interactional patterns leading to problems related to primary support group include Partner Relational Problem, Disruption of Family by Separation/Divorce, High Expressed Emotion Level with.
223 Case 53 Problems in Pasta Land by Andres Sous.docxRAJU852744
223
Case 53
Problems in Pasta Land
by
Andres Sousa-Poza
Old Dominion University
The Food Factory has been operating in an underdeveloped country for approximately 10
years.1 Its parent corporation specializes in wheat milling, and it started the pasta factory as a
“side-line” operation to process lower quality wheat flour, which is a by-product of the
normal milling process. This low-gluten flour is generally not suitable for the production of
bread or for direct sale to consumers.
In 2009, the pasta division is confronted with a major problem. It is too successful!
The factory was designed around the mill. Production capacities matched the amount of
effluent from the mill rather than coming from a sound marketing strategy. As shown in
Table 53-1, by 2006, the pasta plant was no longer able to effectively serve existing
customers. The plant that was designed to produce 600 tons of pasta per month on two
production lines is now facing average monthly orders of approximately 800 tons.
Furthermore, the corporate director of marketing estimates that orders could easily be
increased to 1400 to 1800 tons per month.
1 All monies used in this case are in the local currency, which is one of the more than 40 countries in
the world that use the $ symbol and most of which are called dollars.
Cases in Engineering Economy 2nd by Peterson & Eschenbach
224
Table 53-1 Average Monthly Orders/Production
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Year
A
ve
ra
ge
m
on
th
ly
o
rd
er
s/
pr
od
uc
tio
n
Orders 200 280 360 490 450 580 620 710 760 800
Production 200 270 365 500 440 575 590 610 580 570
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Another challenge facing the factory is that the initial equipment was refurbished, not
new, and it is now antiquated and seriously dilapidated. Unless the plant is shut down,
equipment replacement is going to be required. The existing equipment was already a
technological generation behind when it was bought. During the last 10 years a new
generation of equipment has been developed based on high-temperature drying. The new
technology is much more suited for use with low-quality (low-gluten) flour and semolina.
New machinery is significantly more efficient. It requires fewer workers, has lower relative
energy consumption, and produces less waste. The pasta plant still maintains a price lead
through the low cost at which it is able to obtain raw materials from the corporate wheat mill,
but this barely compensates for the plant’s low efficiency.
The new technology is also enabling competitors to use low-quality, low-cost raw
materials and still produce a reasonably high-quality end product. Ultimately, this means that
the cost of higher quality pasta has dropped significantly in price, and the quality of the low-
cost pasta is increasing significantly. The pasta factory’s market is customers wit.
2
2
2
1
1
1
Organization Name: Insta-Buy
Insta-Buy is an E-Commerce Multinational American company. It was founded in 2010 and is based in Atlanta, Georgia. It mainly operates with grocery delivery and pick up and it offers services through web application and mobile application to various states in United States. It is one of the major online marketplaces for grocery delivery. The company is valued at $1 billion worth and has partnership with over 150 retailers. It is known for its fresh produce and timely delivery and pickup.
Predictive Analysis at Insta-Buy:
The predictive analytics is termed as what is likely to happen in the future. The predictive analytics is based on statistical and data mining technique. The aim of this technique is to predict the future of the project such as what would be the customer reaction on project, financial need, etc. In developing predictive analytical application, a number of techniques are used such as classification algorithms. The classification techniques are logistic regression, decision tree models and neural network. Clustering algorithms are used to segment customers in different groups which helps to target specific promotions to them. To estimate the relationship between different purchasing behavior, association mining technique is used (Mehra, 2014). As an example, for any product on Amazon.com results in the retailer also suggesting similar products that a customer might be interested in. Predictive analytics can be used in E-commerce to solve the following problems
1. Improve customer engagement and increase revenue
1. Launch promotions that target specific customer group
1. Optimizing prices to generate maximum profits
1. Keep proper inventory and reduce over stalking
1. Minimizing fraud happenings and protecting privacy
1. Provide batter customer service at low cost
1. Analyze data and make decision in real time
TOPICS:
Student: Ahmed
Topic: Bayesian Networks (Predicting Sales In E-commerce Using Bayesian Network Model)
Student: Meet
Topic: Predictive Analysis
Student: Peter
Topic: Privacy and Confidentiality in an e-Commerce World: Data Mining, Data Warehousing, Matching and Disclosure Limitation
Student: Nayeem
Topic: Ensemble Modeling
Student: Shek
Topic: L.Jack & Y.D. Tsai, Using Text Mining of Amazon Reviews to Explore User-Defined Product Highlights and Issues.
Student: Suma
Topic: Deep Neural Networks
REFERENCES:
Olufunke Rebecca Vincent, A. S. (2017). A Cognitive Buying Decision-Making Process in B2B E-Commerce Using Analytic-MLP. Elsevier.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319278239_A_Cognitive_Buying_Decision-Making_Process_in_B2B_E-Commerce_Using_Analytic-MLP
Wan, C. C. (2017). Forcasting E-commerce Key Performance Indicators
https://beta.vu.nl/nl/Images/stageverslag-wan_tcm235-867619.pdf
Fienberg, S. (2006). Privacy and Confidentiality in an e-Commerce World: Data Mining, Data Warehousing, Matching and Disclosure Limitation. Statistical Science, .
22-6 Reporting the Plight of Depression FamiliesMARTHA GELLHOR.docxRAJU852744
22-6 | Reporting the Plight of Depression Families
MARTHA GELLHORN, Field Report to Harry Hopkins (1934)
1. From Martha Gellhorn to Harry Hopkins, Report, Gaston County, North Carolina, November 11, 1934, Franklin D. Roosevelt Library, Harry Hopkins Papers, Box 66. Online transcript available at http://newdeal.feri.org/hopkins/hop08.htm.
Journalist and novelist Martha Gellhorn’s heartrending field report describing impoverished Gastonia, North Carolina, families vividly captures the desperate hope of depression-era families. Hired by Harry Hopkins, Franklin Roosevelt’s point man for federal relief efforts, Gellhorn detailed the enormous challenge facing the administration. Compounding the epic humanitarian crisis she encountered was the political opposition, which she singled out as one among many obstacles hampering relief efforts.
All during this trip [to North Carolina] I have been thinking to myself about that curious phrase “red menace,” and wondering where said menace hid itself. Every house I visited — mill worker or unemployed — had a picture of the President. These ranged from newspaper clippings (in destitute homes) to large colored prints, framed in gilt cardboard. The portrait holds the place of honour over the mantel. . . . He is at once God and their intimate friend; he knows them all by name, knows their little town and mill, their little lives and problems. And, though everything else fails, he is there, and will not let them down.
I have been seeing people who, according to almost any standard, have practically nothing in life and practically nothing to look forward to or hope for. But there is hope; confidence, something intangible and real: “the president isn’t going to forget us.”
Let me cite cases: I went to see a woman with five children who was living on relief ($3.40 a week). Her picture of the President was a small one, and she told me her oldest daughter had been married some months ago and had cried for the big, coloured picture as a wedding present. The children have no shoes and that woman is terrified of the coming cold as if it were a definite physical entity. There is practically no furniture left in the home, and you can imagine what and how they eat. But she said, suddenly brightening, “I’d give my heart to see the President. I know he means to do everything he can for us; but they make it hard for him; they won’t let him.” I note this case as something special; because here the faith was coupled with a feeling (entirely sympathetic) that the President was not entirely omnipotent.
I have been seeing mill workers; and in every mill when possible, the local Union president. There has been widespread discrimination in the south; and many mills haven’t re-opened since the strike. Those open often run on such curtailment that workers are getting from 2 to 3 days work a week. The price of food has risen (especially the kind of food they eat: fat-back bacon, flour, meal, sorghum) as high as 100%. It is getting cold;.
2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sust.docxRAJU852744
2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD)
130
�
Abstract - The Vietnamese government have plan to develop the
wind farms with the expected capacity of 6 GW by 2030. With the
high penetration of wind power into power system, wind power
forecasting is essentially needed for a power generation
balancing in power system operation and electricity market.
However, such a tool is currently not available in Vietnamese
wind farms as well as electricity market. Therefore, a short-term
wind power forecasting tool for 24 hours has been created to fill
in this gap, using artificial neural network technique. The neural
network has been trained with past data recorded from 2015 to
2017 at Tuy Phong wind farm in Binh Thuan province of Viet
Nam. It has been tested for wind power prediction with the input
data from hourly weather forecast for the same wind farm. The
tool can be used for short-term wind power forecasting in
Vietnamese power system in a foreseeable future.
Keywords: power system; wind farm; wind power forecasting;
neural network; electricity market.
I. NECESITY OF WIND POWER FORECASTING
Today, the integration of wind power into the existing
grid is a big issue in power system operation. For the system
operators, power generation curve of wind turbines is a
necessary information in the power sources balancing. From
the dispatchers’ point of view, wind power forecast errors
will impact the system net imbalances when the share of
wind power increases, and more accurate forecasts mean less
regulating capacity will be activated from the real time
electricity market [1]. In the deregulated market, day-ahead
electricity spot prices are also affected by day-ahead wind
power forecasting [2]. Wind power forecasting is also
essential in reducing the power curtailment, supporting the
ancillary service. However, due to uncertainty of wind speed
and weather factors, the wind power is not easy to predict.
In recent years, many wind power forecasting methods
have been proposed. In [3], a review of different approaches
for short-term wind power forecasting has been introduced,
including statistical and physical methods with different
models such as WPMS, WPPT, Prediktor, Zephyr, WPFS,
ANEMOS, ARMINES, Ewind, Sipreolico. In [4], [5], the
methods, models of wind power forecasting and its impact on
*Research supported by Gesellschaft fuer Internationale
Zusammenarbeit GmbH (GIZ).
D. T. Viet is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
V. V. Phuong is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
D. M. Quan is with the University of Danang, Vietnam (email:
[email protected]).
A. Kies is with the Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Germany
(email: [email protected] uni-frankfurt.de).
B. U. Schyska is with the Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg,
Germany (email: [email protected]).
Y. K. Wu i.
202 S.W.3d 811Court of Appeals of Texas,San Antonio.PROG.docxRAJU852744
202 S.W.3d 811
Court of Appeals of Texas,
San Antonio.
PROGRESSIVE COUNTY MUTUAL INSURANCE
COMPANY, Appellant,
v.
Hector Raul TREVINO and Mario Moyeda,
Appellees.
No. 04–05–00113–CV.
|
June 28, 2006.
|
Rehearing Overruled July 31, 2006.
.
200 wordsResearch Interest Lack of minorities in top level ma.docxRAJU852744
200 words
Research Interest: Lack of minorities in top level management positions
Describe why and how a qualitative approach may be appropriate for your area of interest for your research. Include a rationale for each proposed use of qualitative inquiry.
.
2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Tech.docxRAJU852744
2019 14th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI)
19 – 22 June 2019, Coimbra, Portugal
ISBN: 978-989-98434-9-3
How ISO 27001 can help achieve GDPR compliance
Isabel Maria Lopes
Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
UNIAG, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Portugal
ALGORITMI Centre, Minho University, Guimarães,
Portugal
[email protected]
Pedro Oliveira
Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
[email protected]
Teresa Guarda
Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena – UPSE, La
Libertad, Ecuador
Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas – ESPE, Sangolqui,
Quito, Equador
ALGORITMI Centre, Minho University, Guimarães,
Portugal
[email protected]
Abstract — Personal Data Protection has been among the most
discussed topics lately and a reason for great concern among
organizations. The EU General Data Protection Regulation
(GDPR) is the most important change in data privacy regulation
in 20 years. The regulation will fundamentally reshape the way in
which data is handled across every sector. The organizations had
two years to implement it. As referred by many authors, the
implementation of the regulation has not been an easy task for
companies. The question we aim to answer in this study is how far
the implementation of ISO 27001 standards might represent a
facilitating factor to organizations for an easier compliance with
the regulation. In order to answer this question, several websites
(mostly of consulting companies) were analyzed, and the aspects
considered as facilitating are listed in this paper.
Keywords - regulation (EU) 2016/679; general data protection
regulation; ISO/IEC 27001.
I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, data protection has become a forefront issue
in cyber security. The issues introduced by recurring
organizational data breaches, social media and the Internet of
Things (IoT) have raised the stakes even further [1, 2]. The EU
GDPR, enforced from May 25 2018, is an attempt to address
such data protection. The GDPR makes for stronger, unified data
protection throughout the EU.
The EU GDPR states that organizations must adopt
appropriate policies, procedures and processes to protect the
personal data they hold.
The International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 27000 series
is a set of information security standards that provide best-
practice recommendations for information security management
[3].
This international standard for information security, ISO
27001, provides an excellent starting point for achieving the
technical and operational requirements necessary to reduce the
risk of a breach.
Not all data is protected by the GDPR, since it is only
applicable to personal data. This is defined in Article 4 as
follows [4]:
“personal data” means any information relating to an
identified or identifiable natural person (’data subject’); an
identifiable.
200520201ORG30002 – Leadership Practice and Skills.docxRAJU852744
20/05/2020
1
ORG30002 – Leadership Practice
and Skills
Topic: Cross-cultural Leadership
Week 10
Readings for this week….
◦ Week 10 Topic: Cross-Cultural Leadership
◦ Chapter 11, Daft
◦ Javidan, M., Dorfman, P.W., De Luque, M.S. & House R.J. (2006). In the eye of the beholder:
Cross cultural lessons in leadership from Project GLOBE - Academy of Management Perspect ive,
20(1), 67-90
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=bth&AN=19873410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
◦ Randel, A.E., et al. (2018). Inclusive leadership: Realizing posit ive outcomes through
belongingness and being valued for uniqueness, Human Resource Management Review, 28:190-
203. http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
◦ Hoffman, R., Yeh, C. & Casnocha, B. (2019). Learn from People, Not Classes Whom do you know,
and what can they teach you? Harvard Business Review, Mar – Apr 2019.
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db
=bth&AN=134875248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
Work Force Trends
With more multi generational workplaces, work forces are becoming more
diverse and cultures of inclusion more common
Women leaders in Global Businesses showing an increasing trend
Globalization is compelling businesses to send more workers to other countries
Leaders are traveling and working abroad in greater numbers
Workers with international experience and skills are increasingly more sought-
after in the workplace
Visualising the Iceberg Model of Culture
(source:http://opengecko.com/interculturalism/visualising-the-iceberg-model-of-
culture/) The iceberg model of culture
has been arrived at through
the work of many theorists,
including those referenced
below:
◦ French, W., & Bell, C. (1995).
Organization development.
(5th Ed.). [Englewood Cliffs,
NJ: Prentice-Hall
International]
◦ Hall, E. T. (1976) Beyond
Culture [New York:
Doubleday]
◦ Selfridge, R., Sokolik, S.
(1975) “A comprehensive
v iew of organizational
management”. MSU
Business Topics, 23(1), 46-61
◦ Weaver, G. R. (1986).
“Understanding and coping
with cross-cultural
adjustment stress”. In Paige
R. M. (Ed.), Cross-Cultural
Orientation, New
Conceptualizations and
Applications. [Lanham, MD:
University Press of America]
https://monash.rl.talis.com/items/C3CF1A2F-948C-AA0D-89D9-8498251A8662.html?referrer=/lists/86EF2F87-E1BB-F832-BEB3-34F354D3DAC6.html?draft#item-C3CF1A2F-948C-AA0D-89D9-8498251A8662
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=19873410&site=ehost-live&scope=site
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2017.07.002
http://ezproxy.lib.swin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=134875248&site=ehost-live&scope=site
20/05/2020
2
Who is a Multicultural Leader?
A leader with skills.
2/18/2020 Sample Content Topic
https://purdueglobal.brightspace.com/d2l/le/content/115691/viewContent/9226875/View 1/1
Trouble at 3Forks
Introduction: The foreclosure process can differ for deeds
versus mortgages. You will conduct research to determine
these differences since it is not only covered in the real estate
exam, but it is important to know this process in professional
practice.
Scenario: Henri and Lila own a restaurant which the
government has caused to close due to widening the road in
front of their establishment. Since this is the main source of
their income, and has caused Lila and Henri to stop payments
on their mortgage, address the following questions.
Checklist:
Explain the action that Henri and Lila should expect from the
bank regarding their property.
Describe how the banks actions would differ if it was a deed of
trust rather than a mortgage.
Respond in a minimum of 600–850-word essay with additional
title and reference pages using APA format and citation style.
Access the Unit 4 Assignment grading rubric.
Submit your response to the Unit 4 Assignment Dropbox.
Assignment Details
https://kapextmediassl-a.akamaihd.net/business/MT431/1904c/rubrics/u4_rubric.pdf
Mitchell, Taylor N.
Donaldson, Jayda N
Recommended Presentation Outline
My Name is …
The title of my article is…
I found it in…
My article is relevant and interesting because….
The Economics Article
1
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Q
S
D
Q*
P*
S``
Q**
P**
3
MC
AC
$
X
D
MR
P*
X*
4
Economics
The study of the allocation of scarce resources: implies a cost to every action
Basic assumption
People are rational
People act to maximize their happiness
Economics is predictive
5
Economic Modeling
"The theory of economics does not furnish a body of settled conclusions immediately applicable to policy. It is a method rather than a doctrine, an apparatus of the mind, a technique of thinking which helps its possessor to draw correct conclusions." (John Maynard Keynes)
P
Q
S
D
Q*
P*
7
Demand
Function of
Income
Tastes
Prices of Substitutes
Prices of Compliments
8
P
Q
D
Q*
P*
Q**
P**
9
P
Q
D
D1
P1
P2
Q1
Q2
Q1
Q2
10
Price Elasticity of Demand
A measure of sensitivity of quantity demanded to a change in price
Q/Q)
(P/P)
Inelastic demand means that E is small
11
Supply
Function of
Costs of Production
Input Prices
Technology
12
P
Q
S
S1
P1
P2
Q1
Q2
Q1
Q2
13
P
Q
S
D
Q*
P*
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14
Utility Maximization
MAX U(F, N)
Subject to the budget constraint:
PnN + PfF = I
(with a little algebra)
N= I/Pn - (Pf / Pn) F
15
Good X
Y
I/PY
U2
U1
U3
16
Theory of the Firm
Firm Maximizes profits
Max: p = Revenue - Costs
Max: p = P(Q)* Q- C(Q)
First Order Conditions:
dp/dQ = P’(Q)*P + P(Q) - C’(Q) =0
P’(Q)*P + P(Q) = C’(Q)
Marginal Revenue = Marginal Costs
17
X
$
0
AC
MC
P1
Po
X1
Xo
18
Assumptions of Perfect Competition
Free Entr.
21 hours agoMercy Eke Week 2 Discussion Hamilton Depression.docxRAJU852744
21 hours ago
Mercy Eke
Week 2 Discussion: Hamilton Depression Rating Scale
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
Depression or Major Depressive Disorder is considered as a mental health disorder that negatively impacts how an individual feel, think and behave. Individuals who suffer from depression exhibit feelings of sadness and loss in interest in once enjoyed activities (Parekh. 2017). It can cause different kinds of emotional and physical problems and can minimize an individual’s ability to be functional in their daily routines. Annually, approximately 6.7% of adults are impacted by depression. It is estimated that 16.6% of individuals will experience depression at some time in their life (Parekh. 2017). Depression is said to manifest at any time, but on average, the first manifestation occurs during the late teens to mid-20s. The female population is susceptible to experience depression than the male population. Some research indicated that one-third of the female population would experience a major depressive episode in their lifetime (Parekh. 2017).
Among all the mental disorders, depression is one of the most treatable. It is estimated that between 80-90 % of individuals suffering from depression respond well to treatment and experienced remission of their symptoms (Parekh. 2017). As a mental health professional, prior to deciphering diagnosis and initiating diagnosis, it is paramount to conduct a complete diagnostic evaluation, which includes an interview and, if necessary, a physical examination (Parekh. 2017). Blood tests can be conducted to ascertain that depression is not precipitated by a medical condition like thyroid dysfunction. The evaluation is to identify specific symptoms, medical and family history, cultural factors, and environmental factors to derive a diagnosis and establish a treatment plan (Parekh. 2017). One of the assessment tools for depression is the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. In this discussion, I will be discussing the psychometric properties of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and elaborate on when it is appropriate to utilize this assessment tool with clients, including whether the tool can be utilized to evaluate the efficacy of psychopharmacologic medications.
The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was introduced in early 1960. It has been considered as a gold standard in depression studies and a preferred scale in the evaluation of depression treatment. It is the most vastly utilized observer-rated depression scale worldwide (Vindbjerg.et.al., 2019). The HDRS was initially created to measure symptoms severity in depressed inpatient; however, the 17-item HAM-D has advanced in over five decades into 11 modified versions that have been administered to various patient populations in an array of psychiatric, medical, and other research settings (Rohan.et.al., 2016). There are two most common versions with either 17 or 21 items and is scored between 0-4 points. Each item assists mental health professionals or c.
2/19/2020 Originality Report
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SafeAssign Originality Report
Spring 2020 - InfoTech Import in Strat Plan (ITS-831-08) - First Bi-Term • Week 4 Assignment
%81Total Score: High riskMohana Murali Krishna Karnati
Submission UUID: 52814687-34c0-ee43-84bc-c253ad62fe7a
Total Number of Reports
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Highest Match
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Week 4 Assignment.docx
Average Match
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Running Head: SERVER VIRTUALIZATION 1
SERVER VIRTUALIZATION 8
Week 4 Assignment
Technet Case Study for Virtualization Mohana Murali Krishna Karnati
University of the Cumberlands
Technet Case Study for Virtualization
Technet is a hypothetical business in the storage manufacturing industry. This paper intend to elaborate the server virtualization concept using Microsoft
virtualization software from Windows server 2012R2. Organization’s Preparedness for Virtualization. As of now, the IT system design is a mishmash of old
frameworks that were obtained through various acquisitions of different providers in the storage industry. In any case, these old frameworks are aging and will soon
need to be upgraded. Generally, these old frameworks support applications that have been in service for about 10 years. The IT system situated in one of Technet
branch in Asia for instance comprise of old servers that have been in service for the last 5 years. These old servers were launched to support production and
productivity applications. The expense for permit of these old applications are presently being inspected to check whether they can be dropped and the
information moved to current Technet Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) applications. Consequently, since several IT related components are potential
contender for upgrading, this makes the likelihood of changing over current physical server farms into virtualized computing resources appropriate. Microsoft
Licensing of Virtualized Environments
Datacenter and the Standard edition are the two license version for Windows Server 2012R2 offered by Microsoft. There is likewise a free version called
Hyper-V Server which is an independent system that only contains the Windows hypervisor, a driver model as well as virtualization modules. Every window
version underpins Hyper-V, which is Microsoft's Type-1 hypervisor offering, likewise referred to as a bare-metal installation, and each Hyper-V server is known as a
Host (Portnoy, 2012). The Windows Server.
20810chapter Information Systems Sourcing .docxRAJU852744
208
10
chapter Information Systems
Sourcing
After 13 years, Kellwood, an American apparel maker, ended its soups!to!nuts IS outsourcing
arrangement with EDS . The primary focus of the original outsourcing contract was to integrate
12 individually acquired units with different systems into one system. Kellwood had been satis-
" ed enough with EDS ’ s performance to renegotiate the contract in 2002 and 2008, even though
at each renegotiation point, Kellwood had considered bringing the IS operations back in house,
or backsourcing. The 2008 contract iteration resulted in a more # exible $105 million contract that
EDS estimated would save Kellwood $2 million in the " rst year and $9 million over the remaining
contract years. But the situation at Kellwood had changed drastically. In 2008, Kellwood had been
purchased by Sun Capital Partners and taken private. The chief operating of" cer (COO), who was
facing a mountain of debt and possibly bankruptcy, wanted to consolidate and bring the operations
back in house to give some order to the current situation and reduce costs. Kellwood was suffering
from a lack of IS standardization as a result of its many acquisitions. The chief information of" cer
(CIO) recognized the importance of IS standardization and costs, but she was concerned that the
transition from outsourcing to insourcing would cause serious disruption to IS service levels and
project deadlines if it went poorly. Kellwood hired a third!party consultant to help it explore the
issues and decided that backsourcing would save money and respond to changes caused by both the
market and internal forces. Kellwood decided to backsource and started the process in late 2009. It
carefully planned for the transition, and the implementation went smoothly. By performing stream-
lined operations in house, it was able to report an impressive $3.6 million savings, or about 17% of
annual IS expenses after the " rst year. 1
The Kellwood case demonstrates a series of decisions made in relation to sourcing. Both the
decision to outsource IS operations and then to bring them back in house were based on a series of
This chapter is organized around decisions in the Sourcing Decision Cycle. The ! rst question
regarding information systems (IS) in the cycle relates to the decision to make (insource) or
buy (outsource) them. This chapter ’ s focus is on issues related to outsourcing whereas issues
related to insourcing are discussed in other chapters of this book. Discussed are the critical
decisions in the Sourcing Decision Cycle: how and where (cloud computing, onshoring,
offshoring). When the choice is offshoring, the next decision is where abroad (farshoring,
nearshoring, or captive centers). Explored next in this chapter is the ! nal decision in the
cycle, keep as is or change in which case the current arrangements are assessed and modi-
! cations are made to the outsourcing arrangem.
21720201Chapter 14Eating and WeightHealth Ps.docxRAJU852744
2/17/2020
1
Chapter 14
Eating and Weight
Health Psychology (PSYC 172)
Professor: Andrea Cook, PhD
February 18, 2020
The Digestive System
– Food nourishes the body by providing energy for
activity
– Digestion begins in the mouth
• Salivary glands provide moisture that allows food to
have taste
• Importance of good mastication
The Digestive System
The Digestive System
– Food is swallowed and then moves through the
pharynx and esophagus
– Peristalsis moves food through the digestive
system
– In the stomach, food is mixed with gastric juices
so it can be absorbed by the small intestine
– Most nutrients are digested in the small intestine
– Digestion process is complete when waste is
eliminated
The Digestive System, Continued
2/17/2020
2
Microbiome
4YouTube: What is the human microbiome?
Supporting the Gut Microbiome
Dysbiosis = unbalanced gut microbiome
• associated with weight gain, insulin resistance,
inflammation
Probiotics
• contain live microorganisms
• maintain or improve the "good" bacteria (normal microflora)
in the body
• e.g., fermented foods, yogurt, sauerkraut, kimchi
Prebiotics
• act as food for human microflora
• helps improve microflora balance
• e.g., whole grains, bananas, greens, onions, garlic
5
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-
answers/probiotics/faq-20058065
Supporting the Gut Microbiome
Medication overuse
• anti-inflammatories, antibiotics, acid blocking drugs, and
steroids damage gut or block normal digestive function
Stress
• chronic stress alters the normal bacteria in the gut
Lifestyle
• plenty of fiber, water, exercise and rest
Healthy Defecation
• three bowel movements a day to three each week
• no intestinal pain or bloating
• no straining
6
https://drhyman.com/blog/2014/10/10/tend-inner-garden-gut-flora-may-
making-sick/
2/17/2020
3
Bristol Stool Chart
7
Factors in Weight Maintenance
– Stable weight occurs when calories eaten equal those
expended for body metabolism and physical exercise
[OLD THINKING]
– Complicated interplay of nutrients, hormones, and
inflammation
• Metabolic rates differ from person to person
• Ghrelin, a hormone, stimulates appetite
• Leptin, a protein, signals satiation and fat storage
• Insulin, a hormone produced in pancreas
– unlocks cells for glucose use for energy
– cues hypothalamus for satiation and decreased appetite
Factors in Weight Maintenance
What is obesity?
– Overeating is not the sole cause of obesity
– Various methods to assess body fat
• Skin-fold technique
• Percentage body fat
• Body mass index (BMI)
– Can also be thought of in terms of social and
cultural standards
– ideal body = thinner in past 50 years
What is Obesity?
2/17/2020
4
BMI
10
– Obesity rates have increased, especially
“extreme” obesity
• past 30 years obesity rates have nearly doubled to
600 million
• 37.8% of US adults are obese and an additional 32.6%
are over.
2020/2/21 Critical Review #2 - WebCOM™ 2.0
https://smc.grtep.com/index.cfm/smcc/page/2criticalreviews 1/10
Santa Monica College Democracy and Di�erence Through the Aesthetics
of Film
Tahvildaran
Assignment Objectives: Enhance and/or improve critical thinking and
media literacy skills by:
1. Developing a clear and concise thesis statement (an
argument) in response to the
following question: Does the �lm have the power to
transform political sensibilities?
2. Writing an outline for a �ve paragraph analytical essay
building on a clear and
concise thesis statement, including topic sentences and
secondary supports.
3. Identifying and explaining three scenes from the �lm text in
support of the thesis
statement/argument.
4. Writing an introductory paragraph for the outlined analytical
essay
Be sure to read thoroughly the writing conventions below before beginning this
assignment.
Note: You are NOT writing a full essay; rather, you are outlining an analytical
essay by completing the dialogue in the boxes below.
Writing a Critical Review (analytical) Essay
2020/2/21 Critical Review #2 - WebCOM™ 2.0
https://smc.grtep.com/index.cfm/smcc/page/2criticalreviews 2/10
1. Every essay that you write for this course must have a clear thesis, placed
(perhaps) somewhere near the end of the introductory paragraph. Simply
stated, a THESIS (or ARGUMENT) expresses, preferably in a single sentence,
the point you want to make about the text that is the subject of your essay. A
THESIS should be an opinion or interpretation of the text, not merely a fact or
observation. The best possible THESIS will answer some speci�c questions
about the text. Very often the THESIS contains an outline of the major points
to be covered in the essay. A possible thesis for an essay on character in
Perry Henzell’s The Harder They Come might read somewhat as follows:
The protagonist of THTC is not a hero in the epic sense of the word, but a
self-centered young man bred of economic oppression and cultural
dependency. The characters in this �lm have no real psychological depth, but
are markers for a society of consumption and momentary glory.
(You might then go on to exemplify from the text and argue in favor or
against this interpretation: your essay need not hold to only one perspective.)
What single, clear QUESTION does the above THESIS attempt to answer?
2. Each essay should be organized into �ve (5) paragraphs, each based on one
of two to four major ideas, which will comprise the BODY of the essay. Each
paragraph must have a topic sentence, often (but not always) towards the
beginning of the paragraph, which clearly states the ARGUMENT or point to
be made in the paragraph. Following the thesis set forth.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
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Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Pride Month Slides 2024 David Douglas School District
11966 – Charles Whitman Charles Whitman, 2.docx
1. 1
1966 – Charles Whitman
Charles Whitman, 25-year-old engineering student, former
Marine killed ~17, wounded 32 in a mass shooting at University
of Texas, before being shot/killed by police.
Earlier that day, he also murdered his wife and mother.
2
I do not really understand myself these days. I am supposed to
be an
average reasonable and intelligent young man. However, lately
(I cannot recall when it started) I have been a victim of many
unusual and
irrational thoughts …
Please pay off my debts [and] donate the rest anonymously
to a mental-health foundation. Maybe research can prevent
further tragedies of this type.
Whitman left a note behind. His family agreed to an autopsy and
investigators found both a tumor and some other abnormalities
in his brain … in the amygdala, a region of the brain that
2. controls emotion. A follow up report concluded that the tumor
might have contributed to the shootings.
We can only wonder if Whitman’s family took solace in the idea
that perhaps he wasn’t truly responsible for the horrific crime
he had committed.
3
Crime: who/what is responsible?
mental illness addiction drugs
alcohol poverty racism movies/tv
video games politics immigration
overpopulation dysfunctional families
faulty prison system too many guns
the education system too soft on crime
society is too permissive – lack of respect
We’re no strangers, in the US, to violent crime. To what do we
attribute violent behavior??
4
3. Are some people just evil?
For as long as evil (or whatever we perceive as evil) has
existed, people have wondered about its source. And where
better to look than in the brain?
Everything we’ve ever done, thought or felt in our lives ,
scientists will tell us, ultimately is traceable to the web of nerve
cells firing in a particular way. The brain - the machine that
allows us to function as we do.
So [we might ask] if the machine is busted – if the operating
system in our head fires in crazy ways - are we fully responsible
for the behavior that follows?
5
NOTE: Article on slide for illustration purposes only, *you do
NOT have to read it*.
Reported in the Archives of Neurology – a 2003 case: 40-year-
old schoolteacher with no history of abnormal behavior
developed a sudden interest in child pornography, arrested for
making sexual advances to his young step-daughter, also
claimed he was going to rape a woman he knew. He was
assigned to a 12-step program for sex offenders.
BUT he flunked out of the course – he couldn’t seem to control
4. his sexual urges.
A day before he was to enter prison, he went to the ER with a
pounding headache, distraught and contemplating suicide. At
the same time, still unable to control his sexual impulses, he
was propositioning the nurses.
Doctors scanned his brain and found a tumor the size of an egg
in the right orbitofrontal cortex, the region that processes
decision making and other so-called
“executive functions.” The tumor was removed, and the man’s
behavior began to improve.
The judge allowed him to complete a Sexaholics Anonymous
Program, and the man eventually moved back home with his
wife and stepdaughter.
About a year later the tumor began to grow back, and the man
started to collect porn again. Following another operation his
sexual urges again subsided.
Should this man be blamed for his admittedly very inappropriate
(and illegal) behavior? Should he be held accountable for his
actions?
Today we spend more time than ever before looking at people’s
brains – often specifically to find out if the answer to criminal
behavior lies in the brain.
But if/when researchers do determine one’s brain is damaged –
to what degree do we hold individuals responsible for their
actions?
6
If our brain’s operating system fails …
5. Are we entirely responsible for our actions?
VIOLENT BEHAVIOR:
If our brain’s operating system fails … are we entirely
responsible for our actions?
7
8
Unfortunately, we still have way more questions than answers.
But scientists have long understood that a malfunctioning brain
could cause all sorts of changes in behavior.
9
Many neuroscientists are
concluding that there is a
biological basis to morality.
6. How did we, historically, attribute specific regions of the brain
to various behaviors?
ENTER: Phineas Gage
-25 year old railroad, worker in Vermont.
-suffered a major on the job injury in 1848.
-Gage was the foreman of a crew laying the tracks, tamping lack
powder into a hole drilled in rock when he apparently struck a
spark.
-the explosion that followed sent the tamping iron – a 3-1/2 foot
long bar, an inch in diameter, through his left check and clean
out the top of his head, landing some 30 yards behind him.
10
Phineas Gage
Audio clip
11
“Gage was no longer Gage!”
The surgeon who came to the scene described that he could
insert a finger through either side of the wound and actually
touch them together. It was a clean hole.
7. Gage didn’t die – and didn’t even seem to lost much of his
ability to function. He returned to work in less than a year. His
basic mental faculties – motor skills, memory, speech – were
essentially unchanged.
But what did change was his personality.
"Gage was no longer Gage!"
12
Brain scientists are still obsessed with the curious case of
Phineas Gage …
Scientists continue to be fascinated by Gage’s skull.
Phineas Gage’s misfortune became a scientific “moment.”
One that seemed to provide a direct cause and effect connection
– between brain trauma and change in personality.
13
The latest neuroscience research is presenting intriguing
evidence that the brains of certain kinds of criminals are
different from those of the rest of the population.
And – as helpful as this all may be, will be … the results raise
all sorts of moral issues. How do we apply this information?
8. 14
Current research suggests that maybe some people are more
predisposed to committing crimes - because of brain
abnormalities.
>One study revealed that brain scans of people diagnosed with
antisocial personality disorder – a condition that many
convicted criminals have been diagnosed with – show
significant differences in their frontal lobes.
>Another study showed that many psychopaths have deformities
in their amygdala. Psychopaths lack emotion, lack remorse,
guilt.
15
Stephen Morse – law professor and professor of psychology:
calls it the fundamental psycho-legal error.
the belief that if you discover a cause, you’ve
relieved that person of responsibility
It’s been increasingly clear to many researchers that there are
significant biological differences between people who commit
serious crimes and people who do not.
Certainly not everyone with an “abnormal” brain will engage in
9. violent or otherwise aberrant behavior; at the same time, not all
criminals will be found to have brain abnormalities.
There may be a distinct correlation. But correlation is not
causation. Many questions remain, among the most pressing:
Can we hold people responsible for their actions, due to brain
irregularities? Does this explain, and therefore excuse crime?
Or rather does it provide criminals with a convenient excuse?
16
If we are responsible …
we can go to jail
we pay the price
we suffer shame and humiliation by going to prison
we suffer guilt and remorse
we can’t afford to take care of our families
we lose the respect of our families, friends, others
we can’t get a job
we’re at greater risk for drug/alcohol dependence
we might become a societal outcast
If we are not responsible …
we receive treatment at a hospital
we can take medication
we are patients, not prisoners
we receive sympathy, empathy, are treated with kindness
people feel sorry for us
people take care of us
10. 17
235482.92
Stephen Morse – law professor and professor of psychology:
calls it the fundamental psycho-legal error.
the belief that if you discover a cause, you’ve
relieved that person of responsibility
Stephen Morse –law professor and professor of psychology:
calls it the fundamental psycho-legal error.
the belief that if you discover a cause, you’ve
relieved that person of responsibility
Make a post by answering the questions below then response to
2 students:
Race in the Cultural Imagination
1. What where your favorite television programs from ages 6-
12? For each of these, identify the race/ethnicity of the major
characters (Latino, African American, white, Asian American,
Native American, multiracial). Do the same with your favorite
films and/or video games.
2. What was the portrayal of these characters? Can you identify
any race related themes in these programs (interracial
friendships, racial discrimination, colorblindness etc.)?
3. How might have these media images influenced your
understanding of race?
2 hours ago
Catrina Taylor
Week 8
COLLAPSE
11. Top of Form
1. The television shows I watched as a kid growing up was
numerous of television shows. One of my favorite shows
growing up was called the Puzzle Place and it came on PBS.
The show was about a diverse group of children (puppets) from
all over the world and they would discuss everyday conflicts. I
also watched the Cosby Show. Which was about an affluent
African American family where the dad was a doctor and the
mom was a lawyer. My last favorite show was Zoom. This show
was also also on PBS about a group of diverse kids who did
different segments such as science experiments and jokes. Then
I also watched a bunch of African American teen and preteen
shows such as Moesha, Sister/Sister, Family Matters and Fresh
Prince of Bel-Air.
2. The two shows that was on PBS had very diverse characters
so they delay with interracial friendships amongst the
characters. Now the other shows such as Moesha, Family
Matters and Fresh Prince of Bel Air discussed issues concerning
racial discrimination.
3. Honestly, the shows that had majority African American
actors on it I related to the most. I think this was because I felt
the characters were more relatable to my everyday struggle.
Now I may not have had the family structure like the characters
had but I remember being taught how to be “black” when
venturing outside of the neighborhood.
Bottom of Form
Timothy Cameron
Week 8
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
I grew up watching The Simpson, Yu-Gi-Oh and Static Shock.
My favorite show was definitely Static Shock. I remember
12. fighting with my older siblings over the TV so I could watch it.
The main character is Virgil, a black high school student who
had powers allowing him to create and control electromagnetic
fields. Virgil’s best friend is a fellow classmate named Richie
who is white. Halo was my favorite Video game growing up. I
would say the characters in this video game have many different
races and ethnicities. The main character, Master Chief, never
shows his face so his ethnicity is not clear. However, the novels
have led people to believe he is white. Sgt. Johnson is an
important character in the story who is black.
The reason I liked Static Shock so much growing up
was because of his powers. I am watching clips of Static Shock
so I can recall details for this week’s discussion board. I never
realized that this show focused so much on racism. This show
addresses racial stereotypes and biases. In the first episode
Virgil accidentally finds himself in a black vs white gang fight.
He is given a gun that he immediately throws in the water. This
scene shows that Virgil is not out to do wrong, he was just
simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. In a different
episode Virgil is invited over to his best friend Richie’s place
for dinner. Richie’s father returns home from work early to find
Virgil in his home. Richie’s father does not like Virgil because
he is black and later says racist comments about Virgil
(youtube.com/watch?v=8V7a2pxeNeE). Overall, I think the
theme of Static Shock addresses and shows the true evil of
racism. I do not believe Halo had any racial discrimination in it.
If anything, the game was color blind in the way that futuristic
war movies are sometimes.
I am not sure if Halo influenced my understanding of
race. However, I do believe Static Shock influenced my
understanding of race even though at the time I did not realize it
was. Looking back at the show I believe it helped prevent me
from creating racial biases. The show shows people that racial
discrimination is wrong.
Bottom of Form
13. Make a post by answering the below questions than response to
both students
Choose one current or recent social movement to discuss in your
initial post for this week. Describe the movement including
what social issue(s) it addresses, how it began, how and why it
gained momentum, and the efforts being taken to instigate
social change. Overall, has this movement had a positive or
negative impact on society? Explain your answer.
Janay Stuckey
Week 8
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
The movement I have chosen to cover is the Black Lives Matter
movement as it has been a huge topic of discussion for most of
my teenage life. This movement was inspired by the increase in
police brutality and violence in the black community and that
just like everyone else, their lives carry importance and
meaning too. It originally began in 2013 after the acquittal of
George Zimmerman in relation to the shooting
of Trayvon Martin. Shortly after this incident two more
fatalities, Micheal Brown and Eric Garner, were discovered and
the protests from these activists began.
From my knowledge, the movement grew due to the increase
and spotlight on the mistreatment of black people by police
authority and civilians thinking it was acceptable. It also gained
momentum as those incidents were recorded, placed on
the internet, and included the hashtag #BlackLivesMatter. By
drawing attention to these issues, the activists and protesters
aim to bring awareness to the maltreatment and retaliation of
law enforcement to black people to decrease the number of
fatalities or abuse for minor offenses. I think it also instigates
social change by demanding that the officers who commit these
acts, be called out and accountable for their wrongdoings, which
14. gives law enforcement the hot seat compared to when they could
do these harsh acts with no consequence.
I think that overall this movement has had a positive impact. It
has drawn attention to the wrongdoings of law enforcement and
other people who mistreat black people for nothing more than
the color of their skin. I also think it allows people to take a
stand for change and educate themselves on social issues that
may not plague their communities but could overwhelm another.
I also can see where it may not be as effective as it can be
because some supporters then attribute every law enforcement
engagement as racially motivated, which is not true. I think that
blowing the issues out of proportion or assuming the intent is
not beneficial and can cloud the judgement of those who support
the movement as well. I think that like any movement, it has
those who have different or radical views on the topic but
overall, their outcome has been mainly informative and
positive.
Bottom of Form
Alli Huddleson
Alli Huddleson Week 8
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
One current social movement in the United States is Black Lives
Matter. This movement’s mission is to “build local power and to
intervene in violence inflicted on Black communities by the
state and vigilantes.” The Black Lives Matter movement is
based on several principles: we are expansive, we affirm the
lives, we are working, and we affirm our humanity. This
movement aims to gain awareness and equality for African
American lives in the United States. Black Lives Matter is to
show black humanity and the contributions to society, despite
the oppression.
Black Lives Matter was formed in 2013 as a response to the
trial that freed Trayvon Martin’s killer, George Zimmerman.
15. This trial gained national headlines because Martin was
wrongfully murdered. This movement was created by three
women: Alicia Garza, Patrisse Cullors, and Opal Tometi. Black
Lives Matter has grown to have more that 40 different chapters
in less than 7 years. After the idea for this movement began,
tragedy struck again when Mike Brown was killed by a white
police officer. With two tragedies making public headlines, in
such a short time, this movement spread. In order to instigate
social change, this movement is developing new black leaders
and helping to empower the black community, so they stand up
for themselves despite the oppression they face.
This movement has had a positive impact. While many bad
things had to happen in order for this organization to start, the
Black Live Matter movement is a rapidly growing organization.
In such a short time this group has made a difference nationally
and grown in size. This group has become a household name
and has made me question and research a lot of what their
beliefs are. In order for minority groups to stop being
oppressed, we, as a country, need to show compassion with the
pain and suffering they are going through. This movement is the
start to putting awareness out in the public.
https://blacklivesmatter.com/herstory/
Bottom of Form
“The Normal and the Pathological”
Emile Durkheim
Abridged from The Rules of Sociological Method, pp. 65-73.
(New York: Free Press, 1964. First published 1895.)
[... ]If there is any fact whose pathological character appears
16. incontestable, that fact is crime. All criminologists are agreed
on this point. Although they explain this pathology differently,
they are unanimous in recognizing it. But let us see if this
problem does not demand a more extended consideration.[... ]
Crime is present not only in the majority of societies of one
particular species but in all societies of all types. There is no
society that is not confronted with the problem of criminality.
Its form changes; the acts thus characterized are not the same
everywhere; but, everywhere and always, there have been men
who have behaved in such a way as to draw upon themselves
penal repression. If, in proportion as societies pass from the
lower to the higher types, the rate of criminality, i.e., the
relation between the yearly number of crimes and the
population, tended to decline, it might be believed that crime,
while still normal, is tending to lose this character of normality.
But we have no reason to believe that such a regression is
substantiated. Many facts would seem rather to indicate a
movement in the opposite direction. From the beginning of the
[nineteenth] century, statistics enable us to follow the course of
criminality. It has everywhere increased. In France the increase
is nearly 300 per cent. There is, then, no phenomenon that
presents more indisputably all the symptoms of normality, since
it appears closely connected with the conditions of all collective
life. To make of crime a form of social morbidity would be to
admit that morbidity is not something accidental, but, on the
contrary, that in certain cases it grows out of the fundamental
constitution of the living organism; it would result in wiping
out all distinction between the physiological and the
pathological. No doubt it is possible that crime itself will have
abnormal forms, as, for example, when its rate is unusually
high. This excess is, indeed, undoubtedly morbid in nature.
What is normal, simply, is the existence of criminality,
provided that it attains and does not exceed, for each social
type, a certain level [... ]
Here we are, then, in the presence of a conclusion in appearance
17. quite paradoxical. Let us make no mistake. To classify crime
among the phenomena of normal sociology is not to say merely
that it is an inevitable, although regrettable phenomenon, due to
the incorrigible wickedness of men; it is to affirm that it is a
factor in public health, an integral part of all healthy societies.
This result is, at first glance, surprising enough to have puzzled
even ourselves for a long time. Once this first surprise has been
overcome, however, it is not difficult to find reasons explaining
this normality and at the same time confirming it.
In the first place crime is normal because a society exempt from
it is utterly impossible. Crime [... ] consists of an act that
offends certain very strong collective sentiments. In a society in
which criminal acts are no longer committed, the sentiments
they offend would have to be found without exception in all
individual consciousnesses, and they must be found to exist
with the same degree as sentiments contrary to them. Assuming
that this condition could actually be realized, crime would not
thereby disappear; it would only change its form, for the very
cause which would thus dry up the sources of criminality would
immediately open up new ones.
Indeed, for the collective sentiments which are protected by the
penal law of a people at a specified moment of its history to
take possession of the public conscience or for them to acquire
a stronger hold where they have an insufficient grip, they must
acquire an intensity greater than that which they had hitherto
had. The community as a whole must experience them more
vividly, for it can acquire from no other source the greater force
necessary to control these individuals who formerly were the
most refractory. For murderers to disappear, the horror of
bloodshed must become greater in those social strata from
which murderers are recruited; but, first it must become greater
throughout the entire society. Moreover, the very absence of
crime would directly contribute to produce this horror; because
any sentiment seems much more respectable when it is always
and uniformly respected.
18. One easily overlooks the consideration that these strong states
of the common consciousness cannot be thus reinforced without
reinforcing at the same time the more feeble states, whose
violation previously gave birth to mere infraction of convention
- since the weaker ones are only the prolongation, the attenuated
form, of the stronger. Thus robbery and simple bad taste injure
the same single altruistic sentiment, the respect for that which
is another's. However, this same sentiment is less grievously
offended by bad taste than by robbery; and since, in addition,
the average consciousness has not sufficient intensity to react
keenly to the bad taste, it is treated with greater tolerance. That
is why the person guilty of bad taste is merely blamed, whereas
the thief is punished. But, if this sentiment grows stronger, to
the point of silencing in all consciousnesses the inclination
which disposes man to steal, he will become more sensitive to
the offenses which, until then, touched him but lightly. He will
react against them, then, with more energy; they will be the
object of greater opprobrium, which will transform certain of
them from the simple moral faults that they were and give them
the quality of crimes. For example, improper contracts, or
contracts improperly executed, which only incur public blame
or civil damages, will become offenses in law.
Imagine a society of saints, a perfect cloister of exemplary
individuals. Crimes, properly so called, will there be unknown;
but faults which appear venial to the layman will create there
the same scandal that the ordinary offense does in ordinary
consciousnesses. If, then, this society has the power to judge
and punish, it will define these acts as criminal and will treat
them as such. For the same reason, the perfect and upright man
judges his smallest failings with a severity that the majority
reserve for acts more truly in the nature of an offense.
Formerly, acts of violence against persons were more frequent
than they are today, because respect for individual dignity was
less strong. As this has increased, these crimes have become
19. more rare; and also,many acts violating this sentiment have
been introduced into the penal law which were not included
there in primitive times.
In order to exhaust all the hypotheses logically possible, it will
perhaps be asked why this unanimity does not extend to all
collective sentiments without exception. Why should not even
the most feeble sentiment gather enough energy to prevent all
dissent? The moral consciousness of the society would be
present in its entirety in all the individuals, with a vitality
sufficient to prevent all acts offending it - the purely
conventional faults as well as the crimes. But a uniformity so
universal and absolute is utterly impossible; for the immediate
physical milieu in which each one of us is placed, the hereditary
antecedents, and the social influences vary from one individual
to the next, and consequently diversify consciousnesses. It is
impossible for all to be alike, if only because each one has his
own organism and that these organisms occupy different areas
in space. That is why, even among the lower peoples, where
individual originality is very little developed, it nevertheless
does exist.
Thus, since there cannot be a society in which the individuals
do not differ more or less from the collective type, it is also
inevitable that, among these divergences, there are some with a
criminal character. What confers this character upon them is not
the intrinsic quality of a given act but that definition which the
collective conscience lends them. If the collective conscience is
stronger, if it has enough authority practically to suppress these
divergences, it will also be more sensitive, more exacting; and,
reacting against the slightest deviations with the energy it
otherwise displays only against more considerable infractions, it
will attribute to them the same gravity as formerly to crimes. In
other words, it will designate them as criminal.
Crime is, then, necessary; it is bound up with the fundamental
conditions of all social life, and by that very fact it is useful,
20. because these conditions of which it is a part are themselves
indispensable to the normal evolution of morality and law.
Indeed, it is no longer possible today to dispute the fact that law
and morality vary from one social type to the next, nor that they
change within the same type if the conditions of life are
modified. But, in order that these transformations may be
possible, the collective sentiments at the basis of morality must
not be hostile to change, and consequently must have but
moderate energy. If they were too strong, they would no longer
be plastic. Every pattern is an obstacle to new patterns, to the
extent that the first pattern is inflexible. The better a structure
is articulated, the more it offers a healthy resistance to all
modification; and this is equally true of functional, as of
anatomical, organization. If there were no crimes, this condition
could not have been fulfilled; for such a hypothesis presupposes
that collective sentiments have arrived at a degree of intensity
unexampled in history. Nothing is good indefinitely and to an
unlimited extent. The authority which the moral conscience
enjoys must not be excessive; otherwise no one would dare
criticize it, and it would too easily congeal into an immutable
form. To make progress, individual originality must be able to
express itself. In order that the originality of the idealist whose
dreams transcend his century may find expression, it is
necessary that the originality of the criminal, who is below the
level of his time, shall also be possible. One does not occur
without the other.
Nor is this all. Aside from this indirect utility, it happens that
crime itself plays a useful role in this evolution. Crime implies
not only that the way remains open to necessary changes but
that in certain cases it directly prepares these changes. Where
crime exists, collective sentiments are sufficiently flexible to
take on a new form, and crime sometimes helps to determine the
form they will take. How many times, indeed, it is only an
anticipation of future morality - a step toward what will be!
21. According to Athenian law, Socrates was a criminal, and his
condemnation was no more than just. However, his crime,
namely, the independence of his thought, rendered a service not
only to humanity but to his country. It served to prepare a new
morality and faith which the Athenians needed, since the
traditions by which they had lived until then were no longer in
harmony with the current conditions of life. Nor is the case of
Socrates unique; it is reproduced periodically in history. It
would never have been possible to establish the freedom of
thought we now enjoy if the regulations prohibiting it had not
been violated before being solemnly abrogated. At that time,
however, the violation was a crime, since it was an offense
against sentiments still very keen in the average conscience.
And yet this crime was useful as a prelude to reforms which
daily became more necessary. Liberal philosophy had as its
precursors the heretics of all kinds who were justly punished by
secular authorities during the entire course of the Middle Ages
and until the eve of modern times.
From this point of view the fundamental facts of criminality
present themselves to us in an entirely new light. Contrary to
current ideas, the criminal no longer seems a totally unsociable
being, a sort of parasitic element, a strange and unassimilable
body, introduced into the midst of society. On the contrary, he
plays a definite role in social life. Crime, for its part, must no
longer be conceived as an evil that cannot be too much
suppressed. There is no occasion for self-congratulation when
the crime rate drops noticeably below the average level, for we
may be certain that this apparent progress is associated with
some social disorder. Thus, the number of assault cases never
falls so low as in times of want. With the drop in the crime rate,
and as a reaction to it, comes a revision, or the need of a
revision in the theory of punishment. If, indeed, crime is a
disease, its punishment is its remedy and cannot be otherwise
conceived; thus, all the discussions it arouses bear on the point
of determining what the punishment must be in order to fulfil
22. this role of remedy. If crime is not pathological at all, the object
of punishment cannot be to cure it, and its true function must be
sought elsewhere.
Final lecture notes:
HOW DO WE DETERMINE WHO’S NORMAL? What
constitutes normal behavior?
Context, of course. Determining normal behaviors depends
in part on particular
place/time. While there are some constants, for the most
part behavioral norms/social
norms are always shifting.
Social norms: help us distinguish who is “included” and who is
“an outsider.”
Who is behaving appropriately? Who isn’t – and what do
we do about it?
How do we really decide what’s normal behavior, or what’s
seen as weird, deviant, or a sickness?
Excerpted from an article by a young psychiatrist, just
beginning his medical career:
I’ve been thinking a good deal about normality lately. It’s a
concern in the medical world. The complaint is that doctors are
abusing the privilege to define normal. Ordinary sadness, critics
say, has been labeled depression.
“Boyishness” (or being very active), wanting to run and jump.
Is this “normal” behavior .. or is it ADHD?
Has a diagnosis of social phobia replaced ordinary shyness?
23. There are plenty of books that document this transition. Just a
few:
The Loss of Sadness: How Psychiatry Transformed Normal
Sadness into Depressive Disorder.
Shyness: How Normal Behavior Became a Sickness.
Back to Normal: Why Ordinary Childhood Behavior Is Mistaken
for ADHD, Bipolar Disorder, and Autism Spectrum Disorder
The Last Normal Child.
delves deeply into the factors that drive the epidemic of
children's psychiatric disorders and medication use today,
questioning why these medications are being sought, and why
Americans use more of these drugs with children than is used in
any other country in the world.
These books and more challenge what critics refer to as
psychiatry’s narrowing of the normal.
According to the young psychiatrist: The fate of normality is
very much in the balance.
As the number of mental disorders has increased over the years
… some people talk in terms of a PSYCHIATRIC POWER
GRAB.
Have the mental health professionals taken over? The
pharmaceutical companies?
Have they become the new arbiters of defining who or
what is normal?
Which leads to another complaint … that we in the United
States are overmedicated.
24. That we’ve narrowed healthy behavior so dramatically that our
“quirks” and eccentricities have become problems that we need
to fix. And in many cases, that we expect drugs to fix.
Some of the harshest CRITICS complain that often doctors
medicate patients who meet no diagnosis at all. They call it
COSMETIC PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY.
Which is a fancy way of saying trying to “fix” someone who at
one time would have been described as perfectly normal – say
someone who is insecure, lacking confidence. Less than ideal,
perhaps … but abnormal?
Today … there’s therapy for that. There are drugs for that.
So many behaviors that used to fall within the realm of normal
now have LABELS that we’ve all become familiar with.
EXAMPLE: A wife complains that her husband lacks empathy.
Does he have Asperger’s syndrome? (Which actually is no
longer called Asperger’s. Now we would say he’s on the Autism
spectrum)
Or perhaps he’s a guy who just doesn’t get it? Doesn’t see
human interactions in the same way that more socially aware
people do.
His wife might say that he just doesn’t recognize social cues the
way that
most women do.
Of course, this isn’t all bad. Labels are important. Diagnoses
can bring relief.
Parents who once might have considered their child slow, or not
very bright, may be comforted by a diagnosis of dyslexia. And
25. really … wouldn’t we rather have the label of dyslexia than the
accusation that a child is stupid. Or lazy?
According to the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual – the
“psychiatric bible” – the DSM-5 … it’s likely that almost 50%
of Americans will have a diagnosable mental illness in their
lifetime.
We could say … the latest version of the DSM makes it even
“easier” to get a diagnosis.
*****
If we think of having a diagnosable mental illness as being
under a tent, the tent seems pretty big. Huge, in fact.
How did it happen that half of us will develop a mental illness?
1. Has this always been true, and we just didn’t realize
how sick we were—we didn’t realize we were under the
tent?
2. Or are we really mentally less healthy than we were a
generation ago?
3. OR perhaps this is due to a third explanation … that we are
labeling as mental illness, psychological states that were
previously considered normal, albeit unusual, making the tent
bigger.
The answer appears to be all three.
FIRST: we’ve gotten better not only at detecting mental illness
but doing so earlier in the course of the illness. Better/earlier
detection results in better treatment options.
SECOND: some studies suggest that we’re not just diagnosing
26. better .. but that we really are getting “sicker.” They point to
comparative studies over time. But fundamentally flawed –
maybe people didn’t admit to how they felt, didn’t seek
treatment.
But … THIRD: There’s another explanation for the higher rate
of mental illness. One that implies CULTURAL SHIFTS.
What was once considered psychologically healthy (or at
least not unhealthy)
may now constitute a diagnosable mental illness. “Normal”
behavior now seen
as pathological.
Thus, the actual definition of mental illness has broadened,
creating a bigger tent with more people under it. This
explanation strongly suggests that we, as a culture, are more
willing to see mental illness in ourselves and in others.
Whatever the cause we do know …
That each edition of the DSM has increased the overall
number of disorders. And
remember, the DSM is the book that defines mental
illness.
DSM-I – 1952 = 106
DSM-III – 1980 = 265
DSM-IV = 297
The people who created the DSM-5 were determined to not add
any disorders .. but they did categorize them differently
(265 – but that doesn’t count sub-categories)
One example of a disorder included in the latest edition is
called “caffeine intoxication.”
27. This is characterized by at least 5 symptoms experienced
after consuming the equivalent of 2 or 3 cups of coffee.
These might include: restlessness, gastrointestinal problems,
difficulty sleeping, nervousness, and rapid heartbeat.
To meet the diagnosis, the symptoms must impair
functioning in some way.
A Time Magazine article a few years ago cried out: “Caffeine
Withdrawal is Now a Mental Disorder.”
Sub-titled: Does it really belong in a guide devoted to
mental disorders?
According to one critic: “It’s hard to believe that an episode of
too much coffee or Red Bull constitutes a mental disorder. But
guess what – it does! With disorders like this in the DSM, he
continued, it’s no wonder that half of Americans will have a
diagnosable disorder in their lifetimes. The wonder is why more
Americans won’t!
The DSM continues to nibble at the edges of “normal” by
reclassifying patterns of thoughts, feelings or behaviors that
were previously considered normal (albeit perhaps weird or
odd).
At the same time, it has lowered the threshold of what it takes
to be diagnosed with a given disorder.
For instance: the criteria for “generalized anxiety
disorder,” something that involves excessive and persistent
worrying.
A previous version of the DSM required 3 out of 6 symptoms
for diagnosis, where now only one symptom is needed.
Formerly the symptoms needed to last for 6 months .. now they
28. only need to persist for 3 months.
So, if you are excessively worried for three months about your
finances or your health or that of a family member (to the point
where you can’t control the worries), you could be diagnosed
with this disorder, whereas in the past you wouldn’t have been.
One result of a bigger mental illness tent is that there are fewer
people actually standing outside the tent. If we continue in this
direction – if it takes fewer symptoms or less severity to meet
the criteria for diagnosis – increasing #s of people will qualify.
There are, and probably will continue to be, fewer and
fewer people who will live their lives in relatively good
mental health according to the DSM.
The normal trials and tribulations of life—the periods of
sadness, or worry, of anxiety, or grief, or difficulty sleeping, or
drinking too much caffeine or having caffeine withdrawal
headaches—have been pathologized.
More “normal” thoughts, feelings, and actions now merit a
diagnosis. Providing a bigger tent for mental illness leaves us
with an increasingly restricted definition of mental health and
can make us all more likely to see mental illness when perhaps
it’s just normal human struggle.
We can become so used to seeing psychopathology that we
think—erroneously—that being odd or having difficulties must
be an expression of mental illness – rather than just an accepted
part of life.
What else is going in our culture that allows for this expanding
definition of mental illness?
Insurance. Pharmaceutical companies. Increased work
demands. Instant gratification.
>INSURANCE:
In order for medical care to be reimbursed by insurance, there
has to be a diagnosis. It has to be a real, legitimate illness.
29. >PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES:
Pharmaceutical companies search for ever-wider markets
for their products. When more people are diagnosed with a
given disorder (perhaps because of less stringent criteria), or a
new diagnosis is created, it widens the market for their drugs.
In fact, the DSM-5 and the pharmaceutical industry have a
significant number of connections: One study found that 70
percent of DSM-5 task-force members have financial ties to
the pharmaceutical industry.
>INSTANT GRATIFICATION:
online shopping, downloaded entertainment, and the
immediate access to the world available through the Internet, if
we have problems, we want a quick fix.
If a medication will help lessen uncomfortable thoughts or
feelings or maladaptive behavior, we are receptive to
medication.
“Like fast food, recent medication-centered practice
comes from the most aggressively consumerist society (USA),
feeds on people’s desire for instant satisfaction and a ‘quick
fix,’ fits into a busy life-style.” But if we’re going to take
a medication, we need to have a problem that is being treated—
at least to get those doctors’ visits reimbursed by the
insurance company.
>ELIGIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL/OTHER HELP FROM THE
GOVERNMENT:
Certain diagnoses make the sufferer eligible for
government services or programs or supplementary
educational services.
People who feel they or their loved ones could benefit
from those services may advocate for a widening in definition
30. that would enable more people to be diagnosed and thus
eligible for those services.
>Finally, perhaps there’s another reason: as our lives take on an
even more frantic pace and our workload becomes ever greater,
perhaps we’re relieved to put a label to the anxiety, the fatigue,
the worry, or other suffering that we might feel. But .. many
people ask, is labeling half of us with a mental disorder the best
way to do it?
Regardless of how we personally feel about all of this … as a
society we’re definitely moving in the direction of the
“medicalization of deviance.”
And this constitutes a paradigm shift.
A SHIFT toward understanding behaviors as a matter of health,
Understanding behaviors as due to underlying sickness.
Finding the causes of deviance within the individual rather
than in the social structure. And treating deviant behavior
through medical intervention.
Wayward Americans:
A class not devoted solely to mental illness – but one that
encourages us to think
about how we are all seen – or may have been seen in
previous years – as “normal.”
Social norms.
Socially acceptable, culturally acceptable behavior.
In order to examine these behaviors, we realize that CONTEXT
is vitally important.
Time & place
We’ve talked about cognitive abilities – in terms of intelligence
and what happened to some people (historically) who
31. didn’t “measure up.”
The Supreme Court decision Buck v. Bell said ok to
sterilize people who it seemed wouldn’t contribute to the
collective gene pool.
In THE YELLOW WALLPAPER Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s
character suffered from
post-partum depression – just as she did in real life.
Given that Perkins Gilman was a member of “elite” society
and could afford the best care at that time – she went to a
sanitarium for about 6 weeks and said afterward that she
nearly lost her mind.
Today post-partum depression is widely recognized,
usually short-lived and treatable. Women are encouraged to
seek help and far-less stigmatized than
they were previously.
Postpartum depression hadn’t been created yet. Perkins
Gilman was instead
diagnosed with neurasthenia. While she was forced to lie
in bed and try to
reduce any mental clutter, well-to-do men were sent west
to live the outdoor life.
We talked about mental retardation, feeble-mindedness – some
cases deemed serious enough to warrant sterilization.
Of course, the diagnosis often masked what was really
going on … in some
cases young women who became pregnant after being
raped were targeted.
32. One of your readings had to do with whether or not trained
professionals could recognize insanity. In a therapeutic setting –
a psychiatric institution.
This particular research study determined that they
couldn’t.
That’s not to say that there haven’t been many people
whose behavior clearly indicated that they are seriously
mentally ill.
Previously many of them would have been
institutionalized.
But we learned that the vast majority of the large psychiatric
institutions have closed. Patients were sent back into the
community – ideally with access to medication and therapy.
Some did receive it. Many didn’t.
One recent article proclaimed: “How the Loss of U.S.
Psychiatric Hospitals Led to a Mental Health Crisis”
“State hospitals began to realize that individuals who were there
probably could do well in the community … It was well
intended, but what many believe happened over the past 50
years is that there’s been such an evaporation of psychiatric
therapeutic spaces that now we lack a sufficient number of
psychiatric beds.”
While the deinstitutionalization movement helped many people
receive appropriate care outside of large health centers, a
significant # of people who could benefit from inpatient care
can’t get it.
Neuroscientists tell us … it’s all in our head. Literally. Our
brains determine our actions.
33. Science has made huge strides in understanding the human brain
and how it functions.
Neurotransmitters are responsible for our moods and our
general mental state.
Severe mental illnesses, such as Schizophrenia and Bipolar
Disorder, are diseases of the brain.
Lesions or damage to the frontal lobes and to other parts of
the brain can cause impulsive behaviors.
What about addiction? Is it a disease? Learned behavior? A
habit one can break? A lack of social connections?
In fact the staggering statistics regarding opioid addiction raise
questions not just about what causes this but “who” caused this?
According to many, big pharma bears a great deal of
responsibility for fostering this dependence on pain-killers
… and the cheaper non-prescribed alternatives.
A just-released study determined that:
Aggressive direct marketing to doctors by pharmaceutical
companies is tied to fostering the ongoing epidemic of
opioid abuse in the United States.
A county-by-county analysis showed that opioid use
increased in places where drug makers focused their
marketing efforts. "The counties that had the most opioid
product marketing from pharmaceutical companies were the
counties that subsequently one year later had more opioid
prescribing and had more opioid overdose deaths.”
In the meantime, the U.S. opioid addiction crisis continues.
Abuse of the drugs led to nearly 50,000 overdose deaths in
2017, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention.
Americans now are more likely to die from an opioid overdose
than from a car or motorcycle crash, a fall, drowning, or
34. choking on food, the recent study concluded.
Heroin and fentanyl today are much more commonly involved in
U.S. overdose deaths than prescription opioids … however,
prescription opioids are still involved in about one-third of
opioid overdose deaths, and they're commonly the first opioids
people encounter before they start having a problem with
addiction
All of this knowledge raises disturbing questions. Does any of
this mean that we are not responsible for our behavior? Does it
mean that we have no “free will” because “my brain made me
do it?” It it’s true that my brain made me do it then, as a result,
anything I do is a result of the way my brain works. In other
words, I didn’t choose to steal that item, my brain did?
What about criminal behavior?
Sometimes peoples’ behavior is so egregious that they’re
seen as just plain evil.
We debate whether violent psychopaths, for example, are
morally responsible for their actions. Can they be held
responsible if they’re mentally ill?
Emile Durkheim told us that crime is a necessary component of
a healthy society.
Isn’t that more of a philosophical debate? That crime helps
us to create, to recognize social norms.
But that’s in the abstract
What about violent crime? And the idea that
neuroscientists are telling us everything stems from the
brain. And maybe people just can’t help bringing automatic
rifles into public places and killing scores of men/women
and children.
35. Maybe violent behavior is due to a brain abnormality,
something inside of us that we
can’t control.
And I get it that someone could have a mental illness that
makes them do that. I honestly can’t believe that Andrea
Yates, the woman in Texas who in 2001 killed her five
children, wasn’t suffering from postpartum depression with
psychosis – which is what she was diagnosed with. And that
possibly if she had received sufficient mental health care
with follow up support – wouldn’t have done something so
horrible.
I get that crime is “normal.” And while we have compassion for
anyone who has been the victim of a violent crime .. we can at
the same time believe that there are some people who suffer
from a severe mental illness that’s responsible for their violent
behavior (though most mentally ill do not commit crimes).
But what about when we’re personally affected? Or our
close friends or family?
Do we care that crime is “normal?”
Do we care that the perpetrator “couldn’t help
himself/herself?”
And therein lies the rub! Does this make us all hypocrites?
Perhaps.
I’d argue not so much hypocritical, as it is complicated.
Something that we will continue to recognize and reconcile
with. These are extremely complex issues that don’t lend
themselves to easy answers. Behavioral norms, societal norms,
will continue to shift, determined in part by time, place, and
many other factors yet to be determined.
1
36. This essay asks you to refer to the medicalization of behaviors
that deviate from social norms.
According to sociologist Allan Horwitz, the “medicalization of
deviance” refers to:
… the tendency to define deviance as a manifestation of an
underlying sickness, to find the causes of deviance within the
individual rather than in the social structure, and to treat
deviance through the intervention of medical personnel.
Numerous advances in science and medicine have helped to
create this paradigm shift toward a medical model of
understanding deviant behavior. Other social forces have
contributed as well. The medicalization of deviant behavior
reflects and redefines cultural norms; shifts responsibilities;
reexamines the role of government intervention; has escalated
pharmaceutical research and sales; has fostered increased
reliance on health insurance; has expanded the role of the public
education system; and has caused many to question the role of a
prison system that has been defined comparatively and
historically by extreme rates of imprisonment.
Constructing deviance as illness confers a moral status different
from crime or sin. It impacts, in countless ways, “… ordinary
people whose self-identity and life decisions may depend on the
prevailing concepts of health and illness”.
Reflecting on readings, lectures notes, and the topics and
themes we’ve addressed throughout the semester, write a 2
pages, double spaced essay that critically examines “the
medicalization of deviance”. Please keep in mind that this is not
a formal essay, but rather a collection of ideas.