4. Breast Cancer subtypes
Fatma et. a;l., Molecular classification of breast cancer: A retrospective cohort study, Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 2020
Singh et al. TNBC: Potential Targeting of Multiple Receptors for a Therapeutic Breakthrough, Nanomedicine, and
Immunotherapy. Biomedicines. 2021
Karen et. al., Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer: A Review for Breast Radiologists, Journal of Breast Imaging, 2021
6. Breast Cancer staging
1. NCCN, 4.2023
2. https://radiologyassistant.nl/breast/breast-cancer/staging-and-treatment-
of-breast-cancer
7. Most of patients are diagnosed with early breast cancer (eBC)
The early breast cancer composed
80% of all BC patients in Taiwan1.
15.81%
31.53% 32.30%
11.92%
7.32%
1.12%
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
40.00%
45.00%
0 I II III IV unknown
Percentage
Taiwanese breast cancer percentage by stage, 20191
early breast cancer (eBC)
early breast cancer (eBC) LABC mBC
Stage
1.衛生福利部國民健康署,癌症登記線上互動查詢系統。https://cris.hpa.gov.tw/pagepub/Home.aspx
2.Giuliano AE, et al. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67:290-303.
3. Weledji EP, Tambe J. Med Clin Re. 2018; vol 4, No.2:8.
4. PK Garg, et al. Current Oncology. 2015; 22:5
TNM staging system: Anatomic stage2
- Early BC3 (eBC, T0-3, N0-1, M0):
operable, curable cancers
- Locally advanced BC4 (LABC, ≥ T3, N1-3, M0):
operable or inoperable, neoadjuvant treatment
to make operable
- Metastatic BC2 (mBC, Any T, Any N, M1):
inoperable, not curable
9. The Lower the age the Higher the risk of recurrence
1. Beadle BM, Woodward WA, Buchholz TA. The impact of age on outcome in early-stage
breast cancer. Semin Radiat Oncol. 2011;21(1):26-34. doi: 10.1016/ j.semradonc.2010.09.001
2. He XM, Zou DH. The association of young age with local recurrence in women with early-
stage breast cancer after breast-conserving therapy: a meta-analysis. Sci Rep.
2017;7(1):11058. Published 2017 Sep 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10729-9 Comparison of 5-year local recurrence rate between young and old patients.
RR, relative risk
* Young age *
→ more aggressive disease
→Increased risk of recurrence1
→A risk factor for local
recurrence in eBC after BCS2
Hence, a different approach should be
considered when treating young patients due
to their unique breast cancer features.
9
11. BRCA 1/2 Mutation in Breast Cancer
10% 遺傳
(Germline)
90% 偶發
(Somatic)
乳癌
- 5~6% BRCA 1/2
- young age
- may have >2 cancers
- family history
- most patients
- older age
TNBC
BRCA1/2 mut
17%
⚫ 早發性乳癌(年齡<40歲)或是雙側乳癌的患者
⚫ 您有3位以上女性家族成員確診乳癌(年齡不限)
⚫ 您有2位以上女性家族成員確診乳癌,其中一人確診年齡<50歲
⚫ 您有1位以上女性家族成員確診乳癌和一個家族成員確診卵巢癌
⚫ 您有1位以上女性家族成員在<35歲確診乳癌
⚫ 您有1位以上女性家族成員確診為雙側乳癌(第一個乳癌確診年齡<50歲)
⚫ 您有1位以上女性家族成員確診為卵巢癌(確診年齡<40歲)
⚫ 您有2位以上女性家族成員確診為卵巢癌(年齡不限)
⚫ 您有1位以上男性家族成員確診為乳癌(年齡不限)
12. BRCA 1/2 Mutation in Breast Cancer- PARPi
Singh, D.D.; Parveen, A.; Yadav, D.K. Role of PARP in TNBC: Mechanism of Inhibition, Clinical Applications, and Resistance.
Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1512. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9111512
19. Breast Cancer treatment
(NCCN ver 4.2023)
Non-metastatic
(M0)
Invasive
Breast cancer
cT1-T3, ≥cN0
Assess for
Pre-op
systemic Tx
Locoregional Tx
Systemic Tx
Surgery Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Target therapy
Immunotherapy
Cell therapy
30. CDK 4/6 inhibitor
A. M et al. The Renaissance of CDK Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Therapy:
An Update on Clinical Trials and Therapy Resistance. Cancers. 2022;
14(21):5388. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215388