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11 Network Experiments and Interventions
- 1. Network Experiments &Interventions
- 2. 1) Assessing PeerEffects 1) Manipulate networks to force connectivity to be exogenous 1) Roommate studies 2) Natural Experiments 2) Manipulate exposure over existing networks 1) Popularity 2) Voter Turnout 2) Interventions: Use networks to affect change 1) Valente’s 4 elements of network intervention 2) Exemplars 3) Network interference in “standard” experiments 4) What we’re ignoring: small group stuff 1) network exchange experiments 2) Transmission evolution experiments
- 3. Network Experiments &Interventions Intro Shalizi & Thomas: PI is *generally* confounded General fear of confounding by unobserved selection features has pushed interest in network experiments. How to make a social relation exogenous?
- 4. Roommates assigned randomly withingender, & self-reported smoking, study-style & messiness. No evidence of pair-similarity based on this sorting (i.e. all evidence suggests randomness is real) Network Experiments & Interventions Exogenous networks (W)
- 5. Assume that one’sone GPA is a function of own ability & peer ability and GPA Network Experiments & Interventions Exogenous networks (W)
- 6. Assume that one’sone GPA is a function of own ability & peer ability and GPA…results suggest a positive effect. Similar effects on social outcomes (joining a fraternity, etc.)… Network Experiments & Interventions Exogenous networks (W)
- 7. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W)
- 8. Note follow-up work(by Salganik & Watts) suggests the effects are weak and not long lasting Network Experiments & Interventions Exogenous networks (W)
- 9. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W) SEPTEMBER 2010 VOL 329 SCIENCE
- 10. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 11. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 12. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 13. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 14. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 15. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 16. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous networks (W): Issues with experimental assignment Sharique Hassan
- 17. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y) 4 types of interventions: 1) Individuals 1) Finding opinion leaders or flow blocking nodes that play a key role in the network process. usually some centrality score, or an adaptive algorithm. Here highlighted “keyplayer” nodes. 2) Segmentation 3) Induction 4) Alteration
- 18. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y) 4 types of interventions: 1) Individuals 2) Segmentation 1) Use communities to break the groups into parts, treat some use others as controls. 3) Induction 4) Alteration
- 19. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y) 4 types of interventions: 1) Individuals 2) Segmentation 3) Induction 1) Enhance relations & communication 4) Alteration
- 20. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y) 4 types of interventions: 1) Individuals 2) Segmentation 3) Induction 4) Alteration 1) Programs that seek to change the shape of the network, add/remove ties or nodes
- 21. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y)
- 22. Network Experiments &Interventions Exogenous Behavior (Y) Exploit the “Friendship Paradox” idea…