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1. What is prosocial behavior? Please provide an example... 2. "All over the world, women's (and men's) roles, rights, and responsibilities have been shaped by cultural norms that support the assignment of more power and importance to them." ( Cross-Cultural Psychology - Contemporary Themes and Perspectives ) please share your thoughts and offer your thumbs up or thumbs down about this statement. 3. Please discuss the following and the impact it has on society/or not: Institutionalized Sexual Stigma 4. Define Evidence Based Therapy. Why is this therapy important? ...
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Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that caugh.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventio.
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that c.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventio.
Assignment 2—Communications Plan and PresentationIn M3 Assignm.docx
Assignment 2:—Communications Plan and Presentation
In
M3: Assignment 2
, you developed a communications policy that mapped the type of communications messages for a specific audience at a company. In this assignment, you will go a step further and create a communications plan for your selected company. Refer to your work in
M3: Assignment 2
.
For the same company you selected in
Module 3
, create a complete Communications Plan with an accompanying PowerPoint presentation for key stakeholder group(s). The Communications Plan should focus on a specific project or initiative to be implemented or event to be managed. The plan should describe the specific project to be implemented including the business problem or purpose, the specific objectives of the project, and the key stakeholder groups and their role in the initiative.
The Communications Plan for this initiative should include the following:
Goals and Objectives of the Communication Plan
Key Messages
Audience(s)
Media and Tools
Specific Tactics (describe the implementation)
Schedule/Timelines
Legal or ethical Issues
Monitoring/Control Strategy (during implementation)
Communications Strategy (to include communication of financial as well as ethical or value-based implications to various stakeholders)
Outcome Evaluation, including contribution to the mission of the organization
The following Web site can be used as a reference for the document to be created:
Bray, R. (2002). Spin works!
Spin Academy
. Retrieved from
http://spinacademy.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/SPIN-Works.pdf
Apply APA standards to citation of sources.
Complete this assignment in two parts:
Create an 8–10-page report in Word format covering the points mentioned above.
Develop a 10–12-slide PowerPoint presentation summarizing the key concepts and salient points of the plan.
Due by
Saturday, March 13, 2016
,
Assignment 2
Created a complete, relevant communications plan focusing on a specific project or initiative to be implemented or event to be managed.
Explained the specific project to be implemented including the business problem or purpose, the specific objectives of the project, and the key stakeholder groups and their role in the initiative.
Examined in detail all relevant items listed for this assignment in the communications plan.
Developed an accompanying PowerPoint presentation with key concepts and salient points for key stakeholder group(s).
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
.
Assignment 2 Inclusion versus SegregationOne of the top issues in.docx
Assignment 2: Inclusion versus Segregation
One of the top issues in special education is the ongoing debate of “inclusion versus segregation.” The idea of inclusion in education is that all students, no matter what disability they may have, should learn together in the same environment. Fully inclusive schools do not differentiate between special education courses and general education courses, but rather include students with learning, emotional, behavioral, or physical disabilities in classes with all of the other students.
The idea of segregation in education suggests that there are benefits to providing classes separate from general education classes that meet the needs of students with special needs. For some students, this may be for just one or two subjects, while for other students, this encompasses all of their courses.
In this assignment, you will consider those students who suffer from behavioral disorders or social skill deficits.
Using the module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research observational learning. Then, address the following:
Based on your learning about observational learning in this module, what are the benefits that these students could gain through their inclusion into a regular classroom?
How could the principles of observational learning help to improve the classroom behavior of students with behavioral disorders or social skill deficits?
What are some of the classroom disadvantages for employing inclusion for other typically developing students?
Do you support the move toward inclusion? Why or why not?
Write a 4–5-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Be sure to include a title page and a reference page. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M4_A2.doc.
By
Wednesday, November 18, 2015
, deliver your assignment to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
.
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that cau.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventi.
Assignment 2Discussion – Rethinking American OriginsAfter.docx
This document provides instructions for Assignment 2 which asks students to discuss how their understanding of America's origins has changed after reading historical documents. Students are asked to discuss new insights into early immigrant experiences and the effect of this new knowledge on concepts like property ownership, citizenship, freedom, and the American Dream. Students must post their response by January 9th and review and comment on two peers' responses by January 13th, supporting their conclusions with evidence from readings.
Assignment 2.3 Justification Report This is the final sub.docx
Assignment 2.3: Justification Report
This is the final submission of the justification report. It should be professionally styled and formatted, clean and error-free, and should be the best representation of your research and findings.
Assignment 2.3 requires you to:
Create the preliminary part of the report that precede the Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in the textbook). Each element (1a to 1d) appears on a separate page (1a should be page 1, 1b should be page 2, etc.). The preliminary part includes:
Title Page (APA style): A basic title page for the report.
Transmittal (stand-alone block business letter): The transmittal will be read in advance of the actual report. It should be professional in tone and discuss the development of the report (at the sender’s request) and should touch on the general subject of the report provided. It should not present the recommendation.
Table of Contents: Should include all elements of the report that follow (Executive Summary to References page section headings) and accurate page numbers. Use a table to properly align the information and page numbers.
Executive Summary: A full, self-contained summary of the report that precedes the body and is 3/4 to 1 page in length. It should summarize the entire report including the recommendation.
Revise the body of the report (Assignment 2.2) per the instructor’s guidelines.
Note:
Remember to organize the report
by the section headings.
The report should reflect a style and format appropriate for business; single spacing and bullet points are acceptable for formal business reports.
.
Assignment 2.2Liberty Challenged in Nineteenth Century America .docx
Assignment 2.2:
Liberty Challenged in Nineteenth Century America Final Paper
Due Week 10 and worth 140 points
You have already developed a thesis statement and an outline in which you explored the peculiar institution known as slavery. Now you will develop the final paper in which you explore your main points in detail.
Introduce your paper with your previously crafted thesis statement.
Describe two (2) outcomes of the 3/5ths Compromise, Missouri Compromise of 1820, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott Decision.
Note:
Be sure to provide two (2) outcomes for each legislation.
Suggest three (3) reasons why slavery was and is incompatible with our political and economic system.
List three to five (3-5) driving forces that led to the Civil War.
Use at least three (3) academic references besides or in addition to the textbook.
Note
:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Recognize the main factors that led to America’s early development.
Identify and discuss the different ways that the heritages of slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction have shaped America’s history.
Summarize and discuss the ways that formal policies of government have influenced the direction of historical and social development in the United States.
Examine how changes in social and economic conditions and technology can cause corresponding changes in the attitudes of the people and policies of the government.
Specify ways that women and minorities have responded to challenges and made contributions to American culture.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in American History to 1865.
Write clearly and concisely about American History to 1865 using proper writing mechanics
.
Recommended
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that caugh.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventio.
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that c.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventio.
Assignment 2—Communications Plan and PresentationIn M3 Assignm.docx
Assignment 2:—Communications Plan and Presentation
In
M3: Assignment 2
, you developed a communications policy that mapped the type of communications messages for a specific audience at a company. In this assignment, you will go a step further and create a communications plan for your selected company. Refer to your work in
M3: Assignment 2
.
For the same company you selected in
Module 3
, create a complete Communications Plan with an accompanying PowerPoint presentation for key stakeholder group(s). The Communications Plan should focus on a specific project or initiative to be implemented or event to be managed. The plan should describe the specific project to be implemented including the business problem or purpose, the specific objectives of the project, and the key stakeholder groups and their role in the initiative.
The Communications Plan for this initiative should include the following:
Goals and Objectives of the Communication Plan
Key Messages
Audience(s)
Media and Tools
Specific Tactics (describe the implementation)
Schedule/Timelines
Legal or ethical Issues
Monitoring/Control Strategy (during implementation)
Communications Strategy (to include communication of financial as well as ethical or value-based implications to various stakeholders)
Outcome Evaluation, including contribution to the mission of the organization
The following Web site can be used as a reference for the document to be created:
Bray, R. (2002). Spin works!
Spin Academy
. Retrieved from
http://spinacademy.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/SPIN-Works.pdf
Apply APA standards to citation of sources.
Complete this assignment in two parts:
Create an 8–10-page report in Word format covering the points mentioned above.
Develop a 10–12-slide PowerPoint presentation summarizing the key concepts and salient points of the plan.
Due by
Saturday, March 13, 2016
,
Assignment 2
Created a complete, relevant communications plan focusing on a specific project or initiative to be implemented or event to be managed.
Explained the specific project to be implemented including the business problem or purpose, the specific objectives of the project, and the key stakeholder groups and their role in the initiative.
Examined in detail all relevant items listed for this assignment in the communications plan.
Developed an accompanying PowerPoint presentation with key concepts and salient points for key stakeholder group(s).
Wrote in a clear, concise, and organized manner; demonstrated ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources; and displayed accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation.
.
Assignment 2 Inclusion versus SegregationOne of the top issues in.docx
Assignment 2: Inclusion versus Segregation
One of the top issues in special education is the ongoing debate of “inclusion versus segregation.” The idea of inclusion in education is that all students, no matter what disability they may have, should learn together in the same environment. Fully inclusive schools do not differentiate between special education courses and general education courses, but rather include students with learning, emotional, behavioral, or physical disabilities in classes with all of the other students.
The idea of segregation in education suggests that there are benefits to providing classes separate from general education classes that meet the needs of students with special needs. For some students, this may be for just one or two subjects, while for other students, this encompasses all of their courses.
In this assignment, you will consider those students who suffer from behavioral disorders or social skill deficits.
Using the module readings, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, research observational learning. Then, address the following:
Based on your learning about observational learning in this module, what are the benefits that these students could gain through their inclusion into a regular classroom?
How could the principles of observational learning help to improve the classroom behavior of students with behavioral disorders or social skill deficits?
What are some of the classroom disadvantages for employing inclusion for other typically developing students?
Do you support the move toward inclusion? Why or why not?
Write a 4–5-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Be sure to include a title page and a reference page. Use the following file naming convention: LastnameFirstInitial_M4_A2.doc.
By
Wednesday, November 18, 2015
, deliver your assignment to the
M4: Assignment 2 Dropbox
.
.
Assignment 2 Case of Anna OOne of the very first cases that cau.docx
Assignment 2: Case of Anna O
One of the very first cases that caught Freud’s attention when he was starting to develop his psychoanalytic theory was that of Anna O, a patient of fellow psychiatrist Josef Breuer. Although Freud did not directly treat her, he did thoroughly analyze her case as he was fascinated by the fact that her hysteria was “cured” by Breuer. It is her case that he believes was the beginning of the psychoanalytic approach.
Through your analysis of this case, you will not only look deeper into Freud’s psychoanalytic theory but also see how Jung’s neo-psychoanalytic theory compares and contrasts with Freud’s theory.
Review the following:
The Case of Anna O.
One of the first cases that inspired Freud in the development of what would eventually become the Psychoanalytic Theory was the case of Anna O. Anna O. was actually a patient of one of Freud’s colleagues Josef Breuer. Using Breuer’s case notes, Freud was able to analyze the key facts of Anna O’s case.
Anna O. first developed her symptoms while she was taking care of her very ill father with whom she was extremely close. Some of her initial symptoms were loss of appetite to the extent of not eating, weakness, anemia, and development a severe nervous cough. Eventually she developed a severe optic headache and lost the ability to move her head, which then progressed into paralysis of both arms. Her symptoms were not solely physical as she would vacillate between a normal, mental state and a manic-type state in which she would become extremely agitated. There was even a notation of a time for which she hallucinated that the ribbons in her hair were snakes.
Toward the end of her father’s life she stopped speaking her native language of German and instead only spoke in English. A little over a year after she began taking care of her father he passed away. After his passing her symptoms grew to affect her vision, a loss of ability to focus her attention, more extreme hallucinations, and a number of suicidal attempts (Hurst, 1982).
Both Freud and Jung would acknowledge that unconscious processes are at work in this woman's problems. However, they would come to different conclusions about the origin of these problems and the method by which she should be treated.
Research Freud’s and Jung’s theories of personality using your textbook, the Internet, and the Argosy University online library resources. Based on your research, respond to the following:
Compare and contrast Freud's view of the unconscious with Jung's view and apply this case example in your explanations.
On what specific points would they agree and disagree regarding the purpose and manifestation of the unconscious in the case of Anna?
How might they each approach the treatment of Anna? What might be those specific interventions? How might Anna experience these interventions considering her history?
Write a 2–3-page paper in Word format. Apply APA standards to citation of sources. Use the following file naming conventi.
Assignment 2Discussion – Rethinking American OriginsAfter.docx
This document provides instructions for Assignment 2 which asks students to discuss how their understanding of America's origins has changed after reading historical documents. Students are asked to discuss new insights into early immigrant experiences and the effect of this new knowledge on concepts like property ownership, citizenship, freedom, and the American Dream. Students must post their response by January 9th and review and comment on two peers' responses by January 13th, supporting their conclusions with evidence from readings.
Assignment 2.3 Justification Report This is the final sub.docx
Assignment 2.3: Justification Report
This is the final submission of the justification report. It should be professionally styled and formatted, clean and error-free, and should be the best representation of your research and findings.
Assignment 2.3 requires you to:
Create the preliminary part of the report that precede the Introduction (after reading Chapter 11 in the textbook). Each element (1a to 1d) appears on a separate page (1a should be page 1, 1b should be page 2, etc.). The preliminary part includes:
Title Page (APA style): A basic title page for the report.
Transmittal (stand-alone block business letter): The transmittal will be read in advance of the actual report. It should be professional in tone and discuss the development of the report (at the sender’s request) and should touch on the general subject of the report provided. It should not present the recommendation.
Table of Contents: Should include all elements of the report that follow (Executive Summary to References page section headings) and accurate page numbers. Use a table to properly align the information and page numbers.
Executive Summary: A full, self-contained summary of the report that precedes the body and is 3/4 to 1 page in length. It should summarize the entire report including the recommendation.
Revise the body of the report (Assignment 2.2) per the instructor’s guidelines.
Note:
Remember to organize the report
by the section headings.
The report should reflect a style and format appropriate for business; single spacing and bullet points are acceptable for formal business reports.
.
Assignment 2.2Liberty Challenged in Nineteenth Century America .docx
Assignment 2.2:
Liberty Challenged in Nineteenth Century America Final Paper
Due Week 10 and worth 140 points
You have already developed a thesis statement and an outline in which you explored the peculiar institution known as slavery. Now you will develop the final paper in which you explore your main points in detail.
Introduce your paper with your previously crafted thesis statement.
Describe two (2) outcomes of the 3/5ths Compromise, Missouri Compromise of 1820, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott Decision.
Note:
Be sure to provide two (2) outcomes for each legislation.
Suggest three (3) reasons why slavery was and is incompatible with our political and economic system.
List three to five (3-5) driving forces that led to the Civil War.
Use at least three (3) academic references besides or in addition to the textbook.
Note
:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Recognize the main factors that led to America’s early development.
Identify and discuss the different ways that the heritages of slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction have shaped America’s history.
Summarize and discuss the ways that formal policies of government have influenced the direction of historical and social development in the United States.
Examine how changes in social and economic conditions and technology can cause corresponding changes in the attitudes of the people and policies of the government.
Specify ways that women and minorities have responded to challenges and made contributions to American culture.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in American History to 1865.
Write clearly and concisely about American History to 1865 using proper writing mechanics
.
Assignment 2Terry V.Ohio392 U.S. 1, 88 S. Ct. 1868, 20 L. E.docx
Assignment 2:
Terry V.Ohio
392 U.S. 1, 88 S. Ct. 1868, 20 L. ED.2d 889, 1968 U.S.
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution limits the power of the police to make arrests, search people and their property, and seize objects and contraband, such as illegal drugs or weapons. These limits are the bedrock of search and seizure law and are ultimately at the root of your right to privacy.
Analyze the following case in preparation for a systematic approach to your synthesis of law and fact:
Terry v. Ohio
located at
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=392&invol=1
Write an eight to ten (8-10) page legal Memorandum paper in which you:
Summarize five (5) key aspects of
Terry v. Ohio
.
Posit whether or not you believe law enforcement violated Terry and the other men’s right to privacy which the Fourth Amendment guarantees. Justify your position.
Examine the dissenting opinion of Justice Douglas, as discussed in the case. Discuss the origins and importance of probable cause as it relates to law enforcement’s discretion to search Terry’s car in this case.
Examine the two part test provided by the Court in
Terry
that first asks whether the officer’s action is justified at its inception; and second, asks whether it is reasonably related in scope to the circumstances which justified the interference in the first place.
Discuss whether or not this test leaves officers with too much discretion when making a determination to stop an individual. Provide a rationale for your response.
Examine the Court’s holding in
Terry
that provides that probable cause is based upon the totality of the circumstances. Review the factors that help shape the totality of circumstances, such as specialized knowledge of the officers, investigative inferences, personal observations of suspicious behavior, and information from other sources. Question whether these factors in question are too subjective to establish probable cause. Provide a rationale for your response.
Debate the validity of the Court’s holding that “whenever a police officer accosts an individual and restrains his freedom to walk away, he has “seized” that person with the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. Justify your response.
Use at least two (2) quality references.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Illustrate the workings.
Assignment 2Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment a.docx
Assignment 2
Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment and has put it on the market to be rented for $800.00 a month. Larry Landlord has been in business for approximately five (5) years and has had both positive and negative experiences with tenants. Larry Landlord is hoping to find a good, long-term tenant for his apartment. Roger Renter saw Larry’s sign for the apartment for rent and thought the location and the apartment would be perfect. Roger met Larry to look at the apartment and Roger fell in love with it. All of the interior fixtures had been replaced and the unit had a nice large closet. Roger noticed that although newly painted, the exterior of the apartment did show a little bit of wear. Because of the condition of the exterior of the building, Roger asked Larry about any roof leaks. Larry stated that he had never had a leak and was not aware of any leaks.
Roger and Larry entered into a valid contract for the rental of the apartment. (Note: The issue of whether or not a contract exists is NOT part of this question. For purposes of this question assume the contract is valid and there are no issues with the contract.)
Roger Renter was very happy in his new location; the apartment was quiet and the neighbors were friendly. Larry Landlord was also very happy because Roger Renter was a model tenant. Roger Renter paid on time and was quiet and respectful to other tenants.
The part of the country where Roger rented was rainy in the summertime. Roger rented and moved into the apartment in October. In June, a tremendous rainstorm occurred and Roger’s roof began to leak. The leak was minor at first and Roger merely put a trash can under the leak and had no other issues that month. When handing over his monthly rent check, Roger told Larry about the small leak. Larry thanked Roger for letting him know about the leak and told Roger he would have it fixed.
The next month the rains came again and the leak grew larger in Roger’s apartment. Roger was not home at the time of the rain and therefore the leak damaged some of Roger’s furniture. Roger called Larry to let him know that there was a leak and asked when it might be fixed. Roger also stated that he thought Larry had fixed the roof. Larry curtly stated, “When it rains, sometimes it pours. When it pours, sometimes it leaks.” Roger did not like Larry’s tone or response and called back to ask when the roof might be fixed. Larry stated, “When I get to it.” The following day, Roger sent Larry a note about the roof leak and asked Larry to please address the issue.
The week before the rent was due, another rainstorm occurred and the leak was even larger. This time the leak damaged Roger’s clothing, furniture, and some precious items he had inherited from family members. Roger called Larry and asked Larry to fix roof immediately. Larry responded in a similar and condescending manner. Roger hung up the phone and threw his baseball bat against the wall, damaging the drywall and knock.
Assignment 2.1 The Public Needs to Know– Draft VersionDue W.docx
Assignment 2.1: The Public Needs to Know
– Draft Version
Due Week 4 and worth 150 points
Select one (1) of the scenarios on which to focus your informative paper. Research the topic and include credible sources to support claims. Identify your purpose clearly, incorporate audience needs, establish a desired tone, and organize information and / or claims effectively.
Your boss has asked you (a communication specialist) to write an informative paper about the free clinic that will be opening in your local neighborhood for those without medical insurance. Describe the process and benefits of the program for the public.
The state school board chairperson has asked you (a consultant on health and wellness) to write an informative paper about the recent changes to the national breakfast and lunch program to improve nutrition and health. Describe the process and benefits of the programs for parents.
The director of a local domestic violence shelter has asked you (a board member and volunteer for the organization) to write an informative paper about your local organization’s program. Describe the process and benefits of the program for the community members.
Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:
Provide a clear thesis statement.
Describe the process (decisions, steps) involved in the program.
Explain the benefits of the program.
Develop a coherently structured paper with an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Provide three (3) relevant and credible sources to support claims.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Associate the features of audience, purpose, and text with various genres.
Recognize the elements and correct use of a thesis statement.
Recognize how to organize ideas with transitional words, phrases, and sentences.
Incorporate relevant, correctly documented sources to substantiate claims.
Apply the writing process to develop various writing genres.
Write clearly and concisely about selected topics using proper writing mechanics.
Use technology and information resources to research selected issues for this course
.
Assignment 2Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment.docx
Assignment 2
Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment and has put it on the market to be rented for $800.00 a month. Larry Landlord has been in business for approximately five (5) years and has had both positive and negative experiences with tenants. Larry Landlord is hoping to find a good, long-term tenant for his apartment. Roger Renter saw Larry’s sign for the apartment for rent and thought the location and the apartment would be perfect. Roger met Larry to look at the apartment and Roger fell in love with it. All of the interior fixtures had been replaced and the unit had a nice large closet. Roger noticed that although newly painted, the exterior of the apartment did show a little bit of wear. Because of the condition of the exterior of the building, Roger asked Larry about any roof leaks. Larry stated that he had never had a leak and was not aware of any leaks.
Roger and Larry entered into a valid contract for the rental of the apartment. (Note: The issue of whether or not a contract exists is NOT part of this question. For purposes of this question assume the contract is valid and there are no issues with the contract.)
Roger Renter was very happy in his new location; the apartment was quiet and the neighbors were friendly. Larry Landlord was also very happy because Roger Renter was a model tenant. Roger Renter paid on time and was quiet and respectful to other tenants.
The part of the country where Roger rented was rainy in the summertime. Roger rented and moved into the apartment in October. In June, a tremendous rainstorm occurred and Roger’s roof began to leak. The leak was minor at first and Roger merely put a trash can under the leak and had no other issues that month. When handing over his monthly rent check, Roger told Larry about the small leak. Larry thanked Roger for letting him know about the leak and told Roger he would have it fixed.
The next month the rains came again and the leak grew larger in Roger’s apartment. Roger was not home at the time of the rain and therefore the leak damaged some of Roger’s furniture. Roger called Larry to let him know that there was a leak and asked when it might be fixed. Roger also stated that he thought Larry had fixed the roof. Larry curtly stated, “When it rains, sometimes it pours. When it pours, sometimes it leaks.” Roger did not like Larry’s tone or response and called back to ask when the roof might be fixed. Larry stated, “When I get to it.” The following day, Roger sent Larry a note about the roof leak and asked Larry to please address the issue.
The week before the rent was due, another rainstorm occurred and the leak was even larger. This time the leak damaged Roger’s clothing, furniture, and some precious items he had inherited from family members. Roger called Larry and asked Larry to fix roof immediately. Larry responded in a similar and condescending manner. Roger hung up the phone and threw his baseball bat against the wall, damaging the drywall and knock.
assignment 200 word minimum, APA format, cited and referencednon-pl.docx
assignment 200 word minimum, APA format, cited and referenced/non-plagiarized work please. Textbook in use and perferred if possible, Millet, A. R., Maslowski, P., & Feis, W. B. (2012). For the common defense: A military history of the united States from 1607 to 2012 (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Free Press
.
Assignment 2500-3000 Word Paper (About 10 pages in the Main Body)..docx
Assignment: 2500-3000 Word Paper (About 10 pages in the Main Body).
APA Format
Schorlary sources: Nine including Kouzes and Posner
Write in Third Person, Even though the Organization is known to you.
Write about an issue/problem/challenge faced by your organizatio. Stick with one issue/problem/challenge all the way through the paper.
Evaluate the issue/problem/challenge based on the five major points of Kouzes and Pasner's text.
.
2 PagesPost your evaluation of leadership style assessments, s
2 Pages
Post
your evaluation of leadership style assessments, such as the one you just completed, and the leadership style approach. Explain whether you think such assessments and a leadership style approach are useful for providing insight into leadership behavior for global change agents. Explain the potential impact of the use of such assessments for both individual employees and organizations. Also, explain the potential impact of the style approach to leadership for individual change agents and organizations.
*Be sure to support your work with
a minimum of two
specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and one or more additional scholarly sources.
Scoring
The Leadership Behavior Questionnaire is designed to measure two major types of leadership behaviors: task and relationship. Score the questionnaire by doing the following: First, sum the responses on the odd-numbered items. This is your task score. Second, sum the responses on the even-numbered items. This is your relationship score.
Total scores: Task ______34________ Relationship ___38_________
Scoring Interpretation
45–50 Very high range
40–44 High range
35–39 Moderately high range
30–34 Moderately low range
25–29 Low range
10–24 Very low range
The behavioral approach has several strengths and weaknesses. On the positive side, it has broadened the scope of leadership research to include the study of the behaviors of leaders rather than only their personal traits or characteristics. Second, it is a reliable approach because it is supported by a wide range of studies. Third, the behavioral approach is valuable because it underscores the importance of the two core dimensions of leadership behavior: task and relationship. Fourth, it has heuristic value in that it provides us with a broad conceptual map that is useful in gaining an understanding of our own leadership behaviors. On the negative side, researchers have not been able to associate the behaviors of leaders (task and relationship) with outcomes such as morale, job satisfaction, and productivity. In addition, researchers from the behavioral approach have not been able to identify a universal set of leadership behaviors that would consistently result in effective leadership. Last, the behavioral approach implies but fails to support fully the idea that the most effective leadership style is a high–high style (i.e., high task and high relationship).
Overall, the behavioral approach is not a refined theory that provides a neatly organized set of prescriptions for effective leadership behavior. Rather, the behavioral approach provides a valuable framework for assessing leadership in a broad way as assessing behavior with task and
...
2 Pages Annotated Bibliography and Outline separate Pages The to
2 Pages/ Annotated Bibliography and Outline separate Pages / The topic is Ebola the previous assignment is attached for reference
For your chosen topic please submit your annotated bibliography with an outline, and at least 3 peer reviewed sources. Provide an overview of each source selected.
...
2 pages work based on the article attached as below The team has
2 pages work based on the article attached as below
The team has identified several security issues that they want to resolve before they move forward with the Web site design. Lou would like you to help the team understand encryption and digital certification technologies and how they might be used in the new Web site.
...
2 pages.Need someone whose in Communication major.Please wri
2 pages.
Need someone whose in Communication major.
Please write this paper from the perspective of a full-time foreign student.
Socialization/Self-Reflection Paper (due by Thursday, April 12th
at 11 pm).
You will write a 2-page reflection about yourself. The goal of this paper is to reflect on your own socialization. A good place to start is by reading Sensoy & DiAngelo’s (2017) chapter on “Socialization,” (attached in files) and reflecting on your own
socialization
, particularly thinking about Discussion Question #4 at the end of the chapter:
Many sociologists say that in part how we come to know ourselves is by knowing who we are not. Sociologist Charles Cooley described this process as the “looking glass self” to capture the idea that it is what others reflect back to us that teaches us who we are—that is, our ideas about ourselves are based on how we see ourselves (people
like
us) in relation to others (people
not like
us). What kind of people did you learn were different from you? In which ways were they different? How were you taught about this difference? If you were told that everyone was the same, did the implicit messages of your environment match this explicit message? For example, what key groups (such as the elderly, people with disabilities, people of different social classes than your own, people from different religious groups, people from different racial groups) were you segregated from? As you reflect on this question, consider implicit (unspoken) messages as well as explicit (direct) messages (p. 85).
...
2 page paper Including an abstractThe breakdown of your paper
2 page paper
Including an abstract
The breakdown of your paper should be as follows:
Abstract: Include an abstract in this paper.
Introduction: Overview what you will discuss
Goal: Paper will show me how you are able to apply our reading material for week #7 attached PDF.
Body of your paper: (2 Pages total body/content - in length)-Your thoughts should be supported with key terms from our text AND library research.
Pick five of the leadership tasks that are listed on page 357 of our text attached pdf. Tell me why each task is important to understand as a leader that is involved with the strategic planning process. Explain what each process means and what is involved with the five that you picked.
Five leadership Tasks:
1)Understanding the context
2)Understanding the people involved, including oneself
3)Sponsoring Process
4)Championing the process
5)Facilitating the process
6)Fostering collective leadership
7)Using dialogue and discussion
8)Making and implementing policy decisions
9)Enforcing norms, settling disputes, and managing residual conflict
10) Pulling it all together
...
2 jazz essays, one of the topic is Paul Whiteman, Joe Oliver
2 jazz essays,
one of the topic
is
"Paul Whiteman, Joe Oliver and Duke Ellington and Jungle Music"
.
The second topic
is
"The great migration, Harlem Renaissance, and Black and Tan Fantasy"
.
Request:
1. Students will be able to identify the connections between and differences among local, national, and global communities. The elements of Jazz serve as the foundation for many of the commercial music trends in American music. Popular music in America in turn influenced commercial musical trends globally. The curriculum identifies the elements of Jazz methodology as it relates to these influences. As a global art form, the curriculum also recognizes international trends in Jazz and correlation between jazz styles in America and abroad.
2. Students will understand the influence of cultural and socioeconomic background in shaping attitudes and opinions (in themselves and others). Throughout its existence, the progression of Jazz as an art form is surrounded by controversy. The advancement of Jazz either reflects or diverges from the attitudes and opinions of critics, non-practioners, higher education, social difficulties, enthusiasts, and students. The curriculum identifies controversial issues in order to
provide an overview for students to consider and therefore formulate their own attitudes and opinions.
3. Format:
3 pages (minimum), double spaced
Font: Times, 12-pt.1 inch margins
Due time:
Apr. 25th, 5pm.
...
2 Page Current Issue PaperHere is the grading criteriaRequ
2 Page Current Issue Paper
Here is the grading criteria
Requirement Fulfilled
Missing or lacking details
Three
appropriate, scholarly journal articles were chosen.
(2 pts.)
The issue is clearly stated in the first paragraph. The summary is comprehensive and reflects the most important points of the articles. (4 pts.)
Reflection includes personal and professional reaction to the content and is clearly stated in the paper. (4 pts.)
Citations within the paper and the reference list are formatted using APA style. (3 pts.)
Language and grammar usage is accurate. There are a few, if any, mechanical errors that do not distract from the content of the paper. (2 pts.)
...
1_ What are some positive and negative experiences you have had with
1_ What are some positive and negative experiences you have had with performance management and appraisal?
2_ How has training and development been vital to you now and in the future?
3_Come up with a 2-3 page career development plan and include the following:
Background
5 year plan
10 year plan
Why is a career development plan vital to success?
Conclusion
...
1Running Head AUDIT EVIDENCE2AUDIT EVIDENCE
1
Running Head: AUDIT EVIDENCE
2
AUDIT EVIDENCE
Audit Evidence
Katherine Askew
BSA 505
April 6, 2020
Evidence Gathering and Sampling Methodologies
Gathering techniques are the specific methods and techniques used to collect distinctive kinds of evidence. These techniques include re-performance, inquiry, inspection, and observation, as well as analytical procedures. Audit evidence termed as the information or data collected and used by an auditor as part of his audit work in concluding the opinions if the financial statements prepared in all the material respect and as per the applicable economic frameworks.
Inspection is one of the evidence-gathering procedures where an auditor inspects documents and records that provide varying reliability degrees depending on the source and nature of the material used. Inspecting physical assets provides evidence with higher reliability, and others indicate value. Observation entails checking the application of an entity's or client's procedure and policy hence getting assurance of the process at a particular point of time.
Recalculation entails computation or recalculating to provide a higher degree of assurance about arithmetical accuracy. Also used to check the client's records like subtotals for receivables ledger and pricing on invoices. Re-performance can be active in reviewing the client process like bank reconciliation (Abou-Seada & Abdel-Kader 2017). It can be performed via the use of computer-assisted audit techniques or manually. Recalculation and re-performance provide reliable evidence compares to enquiring and observation.
Analytical procedures entail studying of plausible relationships among the data. These procedures are limited since evidence relies on the validity of the set data. They are used in the entire audit process and conducted for primary purposes like risk assessment, substantive testing, and overall conclusion. An inquiry used to obtain knowledge of the entity, collect specific evidence, and corroborate evidence collected using other means.
The evidence gathering process is summarized or broken down into four primary steps. It begins with designing the audit tests or procedures, including re-performance, inquiry, inspection, and observation, as well as analytical methods. The second step entails carrying out the audit tests r procedures and gathering evidence. The third one involves an analysis of evidence and concluding as well as evaluation of performance against the audit criteria. The fourth step is deciding if additional information is required and can be acquired or if there exists adequate, appropriate evidence.
Audit sampling entails the use of audit procedures in selecting the items within a class of transactions or an account balance. It is the process of examining parts of the data set or population that is sufficient to attain rational assurance on the entire data or population. There are several sampling methodologies used for the controls under ...
2 pages Older college students —e.g., students who entered the
2 pages
Older college students —e.g., students who entered the workforce directly out of high school and have enrolled in college in their 40s or later—have criticized university for having few or no provisions for them. For instance, some have observed that school recognizes, and provides resources for: students of color, students with learning disabilities, students with physical disabilities, and students from low-income backgrounds. But there is no recognition for older (“non-traditional-age”) students.
(A) Offer a relational perspective story about circumstances under which the university might recognize this specific population of students and offer them needed resources in earnest.
(B) Offer an institutional perspective story about circumstances under which the university might recognize this specific population of students and offer them needed resources in earnest. Your story must describe either a coercive, a normative, or a mimetic proces and explain why the process is coercive, normative, or mimetic.
...
1st one 75 words 1 ref needed. does research support the idea th
1st one 75 words 1 ref needed.
does research support the idea that minorities commit more crime than non minorities?
2nd one 150 words 2 refs needed
if statistically, a disprortionate number of crimes are committed by minorities than why is racial profiling wrong?
3rd one 75 words 1 ref
do you belivie there is a link between rape and porn?
...
1Often we focus on representative democracy when describing t
This document discusses representative democracy and its strengths and weaknesses, as well as alternative approaches to enhance representative democracy. It also discusses how individual choice is important for democratic governing and how decision making can foster or inhibit a healthy democracy.
1ST ESSAYWhile the motivations of an individual terrorist andor
1ST ESSAY
While the motivations of an individual terrorist and/or goals of their associated groups may differ, terrorists do possess some common qualities, traits, and motivations. Discuss the common qualities, traits, and motivations that the majority of terrorists possess that set them apart from a normal citizen. 500 words in length.
2ND ESSAY
One response to the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks was the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. Discuss the structure of this new department, the purpose of its creation, and the role it plays in the fight against terrorism. 500 words in length.
...
1Historical Development of the IrishSystem of Social Sec
1
Historical Development of the Irish
System of Social Security
INTRODUCTION
This chapter offers an overview of the development of Irish social security from
the first quarter of the nineteenth century until political independence in 1921.
The chapter begins with an account of the nineteenth century Poor Law in the
UK and its establishment in Ireland and then shows how the Poor Law became
the motif for later developments in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Then a
summary account of the emergence of old age pensions is given, followed by a brief
account of the introduction of national insurance for unemployment and sickness.
In Ireland social security was the political responsibility of the government in
London until political independence, and of necessity, therefore, the chapter
records the development of social security in Ireland largely, although not wholly,
as a by-product of political influences and choices in Great Britain.
THE POOR LAW
The first national, statutory system of welfare in Ireland was the 1838 Poor Relief
(Ireland) Act that emerged from the establishment of the ‘new’ Poor Law in Great
Britain in 1834. The latter was embodied in the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act.
Some background is necessary here. In 1601 the ‘old’ Elizabethan Poor Law was
introduced in the wake of a series of bad harvests that created widespread
deprivation and unrest (Fraser, 1973). Under the Elizabethan Poor Law the local
parish gave relief to the poor from local funding. Three important principles
underpinned the operation of local poor relief: to receive aid the poor had to prove
‘settlement’ (permanent residence) in the parish; the principle of the liability of
dependants meant that family members were mutually responsible for their well-
being and maintenance, and poor relief was utterly minimal. An important
addition to the Poor Law was the 1662 Act of Settlement. As a result of
geographical mobility in the seventeenth century, many poor people were
3
SocialSecurity.qxd 4/6/04 11:47 Page 3
perceived as moving from one parish to another — specifically, from poorer to
richer parishes — to avail of the more generous relief that was available in better-
off parishes. The Act allowed the parish to return individuals to their original
parish if it was judged that they might become a burden on the local parish.
The old Poor Law gave way to the ‘new’ Poor Law embodied in the 1834 Poor
Law Amendment Act for a number of reasons. (Powell, 1992; McKay and
Rowlingson, 1999; Cook, 1990) First, the settlement requirements of the old law
became increasingly incongruous in the context of the free mobility of labour that
became an inherent feature of the newly urbanised, industrialised economy.
Second, the old Poor Law became transformed in many areas in to a
‘Speenhamland’ system (after the name of the parish in which the arrangement
first appeared). In the 1790s, bad harvests and the resulting shortages and inflation
led to fears that the new revolution ...
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaMore Related Content
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Assignment 2Terry V.Ohio392 U.S. 1, 88 S. Ct. 1868, 20 L. E.docx
Assignment 2:
Terry V.Ohio
392 U.S. 1, 88 S. Ct. 1868, 20 L. ED.2d 889, 1968 U.S.
Due Week 8 and worth 150 points
The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution limits the power of the police to make arrests, search people and their property, and seize objects and contraband, such as illegal drugs or weapons. These limits are the bedrock of search and seizure law and are ultimately at the root of your right to privacy.
Analyze the following case in preparation for a systematic approach to your synthesis of law and fact:
Terry v. Ohio
located at
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=392&invol=1
Write an eight to ten (8-10) page legal Memorandum paper in which you:
Summarize five (5) key aspects of
Terry v. Ohio
.
Posit whether or not you believe law enforcement violated Terry and the other men’s right to privacy which the Fourth Amendment guarantees. Justify your position.
Examine the dissenting opinion of Justice Douglas, as discussed in the case. Discuss the origins and importance of probable cause as it relates to law enforcement’s discretion to search Terry’s car in this case.
Examine the two part test provided by the Court in
Terry
that first asks whether the officer’s action is justified at its inception; and second, asks whether it is reasonably related in scope to the circumstances which justified the interference in the first place.
Discuss whether or not this test leaves officers with too much discretion when making a determination to stop an individual. Provide a rationale for your response.
Examine the Court’s holding in
Terry
that provides that probable cause is based upon the totality of the circumstances. Review the factors that help shape the totality of circumstances, such as specialized knowledge of the officers, investigative inferences, personal observations of suspicious behavior, and information from other sources. Question whether these factors in question are too subjective to establish probable cause. Provide a rationale for your response.
Debate the validity of the Court’s holding that “whenever a police officer accosts an individual and restrains his freedom to walk away, he has “seized” that person with the meaning of the Fourth Amendment. Justify your response.
Use at least two (2) quality references.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Illustrate the workings.
Assignment 2Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment a.docx
Assignment 2
Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment and has put it on the market to be rented for $800.00 a month. Larry Landlord has been in business for approximately five (5) years and has had both positive and negative experiences with tenants. Larry Landlord is hoping to find a good, long-term tenant for his apartment. Roger Renter saw Larry’s sign for the apartment for rent and thought the location and the apartment would be perfect. Roger met Larry to look at the apartment and Roger fell in love with it. All of the interior fixtures had been replaced and the unit had a nice large closet. Roger noticed that although newly painted, the exterior of the apartment did show a little bit of wear. Because of the condition of the exterior of the building, Roger asked Larry about any roof leaks. Larry stated that he had never had a leak and was not aware of any leaks.
Roger and Larry entered into a valid contract for the rental of the apartment. (Note: The issue of whether or not a contract exists is NOT part of this question. For purposes of this question assume the contract is valid and there are no issues with the contract.)
Roger Renter was very happy in his new location; the apartment was quiet and the neighbors were friendly. Larry Landlord was also very happy because Roger Renter was a model tenant. Roger Renter paid on time and was quiet and respectful to other tenants.
The part of the country where Roger rented was rainy in the summertime. Roger rented and moved into the apartment in October. In June, a tremendous rainstorm occurred and Roger’s roof began to leak. The leak was minor at first and Roger merely put a trash can under the leak and had no other issues that month. When handing over his monthly rent check, Roger told Larry about the small leak. Larry thanked Roger for letting him know about the leak and told Roger he would have it fixed.
The next month the rains came again and the leak grew larger in Roger’s apartment. Roger was not home at the time of the rain and therefore the leak damaged some of Roger’s furniture. Roger called Larry to let him know that there was a leak and asked when it might be fixed. Roger also stated that he thought Larry had fixed the roof. Larry curtly stated, “When it rains, sometimes it pours. When it pours, sometimes it leaks.” Roger did not like Larry’s tone or response and called back to ask when the roof might be fixed. Larry stated, “When I get to it.” The following day, Roger sent Larry a note about the roof leak and asked Larry to please address the issue.
The week before the rent was due, another rainstorm occurred and the leak was even larger. This time the leak damaged Roger’s clothing, furniture, and some precious items he had inherited from family members. Roger called Larry and asked Larry to fix roof immediately. Larry responded in a similar and condescending manner. Roger hung up the phone and threw his baseball bat against the wall, damaging the drywall and knock.
Assignment 2.1 The Public Needs to Know– Draft VersionDue W.docx
Assignment 2.1: The Public Needs to Know
– Draft Version
Due Week 4 and worth 150 points
Select one (1) of the scenarios on which to focus your informative paper. Research the topic and include credible sources to support claims. Identify your purpose clearly, incorporate audience needs, establish a desired tone, and organize information and / or claims effectively.
Your boss has asked you (a communication specialist) to write an informative paper about the free clinic that will be opening in your local neighborhood for those without medical insurance. Describe the process and benefits of the program for the public.
The state school board chairperson has asked you (a consultant on health and wellness) to write an informative paper about the recent changes to the national breakfast and lunch program to improve nutrition and health. Describe the process and benefits of the programs for parents.
The director of a local domestic violence shelter has asked you (a board member and volunteer for the organization) to write an informative paper about your local organization’s program. Describe the process and benefits of the program for the community members.
Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:
Provide a clear thesis statement.
Describe the process (decisions, steps) involved in the program.
Explain the benefits of the program.
Develop a coherently structured paper with an introduction, body, and conclusion.
Provide three (3) relevant and credible sources to support claims.
Note:
Wikipedia and other Websites do not qualify as academic resources.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required page length.
The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:
Associate the features of audience, purpose, and text with various genres.
Recognize the elements and correct use of a thesis statement.
Recognize how to organize ideas with transitional words, phrases, and sentences.
Incorporate relevant, correctly documented sources to substantiate claims.
Apply the writing process to develop various writing genres.
Write clearly and concisely about selected topics using proper writing mechanics.
Use technology and information resources to research selected issues for this course
.
Assignment 2Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment.docx
Assignment 2
Larry Landlord has recently renovated an apartment and has put it on the market to be rented for $800.00 a month. Larry Landlord has been in business for approximately five (5) years and has had both positive and negative experiences with tenants. Larry Landlord is hoping to find a good, long-term tenant for his apartment. Roger Renter saw Larry’s sign for the apartment for rent and thought the location and the apartment would be perfect. Roger met Larry to look at the apartment and Roger fell in love with it. All of the interior fixtures had been replaced and the unit had a nice large closet. Roger noticed that although newly painted, the exterior of the apartment did show a little bit of wear. Because of the condition of the exterior of the building, Roger asked Larry about any roof leaks. Larry stated that he had never had a leak and was not aware of any leaks.
Roger and Larry entered into a valid contract for the rental of the apartment. (Note: The issue of whether or not a contract exists is NOT part of this question. For purposes of this question assume the contract is valid and there are no issues with the contract.)
Roger Renter was very happy in his new location; the apartment was quiet and the neighbors were friendly. Larry Landlord was also very happy because Roger Renter was a model tenant. Roger Renter paid on time and was quiet and respectful to other tenants.
The part of the country where Roger rented was rainy in the summertime. Roger rented and moved into the apartment in October. In June, a tremendous rainstorm occurred and Roger’s roof began to leak. The leak was minor at first and Roger merely put a trash can under the leak and had no other issues that month. When handing over his monthly rent check, Roger told Larry about the small leak. Larry thanked Roger for letting him know about the leak and told Roger he would have it fixed.
The next month the rains came again and the leak grew larger in Roger’s apartment. Roger was not home at the time of the rain and therefore the leak damaged some of Roger’s furniture. Roger called Larry to let him know that there was a leak and asked when it might be fixed. Roger also stated that he thought Larry had fixed the roof. Larry curtly stated, “When it rains, sometimes it pours. When it pours, sometimes it leaks.” Roger did not like Larry’s tone or response and called back to ask when the roof might be fixed. Larry stated, “When I get to it.” The following day, Roger sent Larry a note about the roof leak and asked Larry to please address the issue.
The week before the rent was due, another rainstorm occurred and the leak was even larger. This time the leak damaged Roger’s clothing, furniture, and some precious items he had inherited from family members. Roger called Larry and asked Larry to fix roof immediately. Larry responded in a similar and condescending manner. Roger hung up the phone and threw his baseball bat against the wall, damaging the drywall and knock.
assignment 200 word minimum, APA format, cited and referencednon-pl.docx
assignment 200 word minimum, APA format, cited and referenced/non-plagiarized work please. Textbook in use and perferred if possible, Millet, A. R., Maslowski, P., & Feis, W. B. (2012). For the common defense: A military history of the united States from 1607 to 2012 (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Free Press
.
Assignment 2500-3000 Word Paper (About 10 pages in the Main Body)..docx
Assignment: 2500-3000 Word Paper (About 10 pages in the Main Body).
APA Format
Schorlary sources: Nine including Kouzes and Posner
Write in Third Person, Even though the Organization is known to you.
Write about an issue/problem/challenge faced by your organizatio. Stick with one issue/problem/challenge all the way through the paper.
Evaluate the issue/problem/challenge based on the five major points of Kouzes and Pasner's text.
.
2 PagesPost your evaluation of leadership style assessments, s
2 Pages
Post
your evaluation of leadership style assessments, such as the one you just completed, and the leadership style approach. Explain whether you think such assessments and a leadership style approach are useful for providing insight into leadership behavior for global change agents. Explain the potential impact of the use of such assessments for both individual employees and organizations. Also, explain the potential impact of the style approach to leadership for individual change agents and organizations.
*Be sure to support your work with
a minimum of two
specific citations from this week’s Learning Resources and one or more additional scholarly sources.
Scoring
The Leadership Behavior Questionnaire is designed to measure two major types of leadership behaviors: task and relationship. Score the questionnaire by doing the following: First, sum the responses on the odd-numbered items. This is your task score. Second, sum the responses on the even-numbered items. This is your relationship score.
Total scores: Task ______34________ Relationship ___38_________
Scoring Interpretation
45–50 Very high range
40–44 High range
35–39 Moderately high range
30–34 Moderately low range
25–29 Low range
10–24 Very low range
The behavioral approach has several strengths and weaknesses. On the positive side, it has broadened the scope of leadership research to include the study of the behaviors of leaders rather than only their personal traits or characteristics. Second, it is a reliable approach because it is supported by a wide range of studies. Third, the behavioral approach is valuable because it underscores the importance of the two core dimensions of leadership behavior: task and relationship. Fourth, it has heuristic value in that it provides us with a broad conceptual map that is useful in gaining an understanding of our own leadership behaviors. On the negative side, researchers have not been able to associate the behaviors of leaders (task and relationship) with outcomes such as morale, job satisfaction, and productivity. In addition, researchers from the behavioral approach have not been able to identify a universal set of leadership behaviors that would consistently result in effective leadership. Last, the behavioral approach implies but fails to support fully the idea that the most effective leadership style is a high–high style (i.e., high task and high relationship).
Overall, the behavioral approach is not a refined theory that provides a neatly organized set of prescriptions for effective leadership behavior. Rather, the behavioral approach provides a valuable framework for assessing leadership in a broad way as assessing behavior with task and
...
2 Pages Annotated Bibliography and Outline separate Pages The to
2 Pages/ Annotated Bibliography and Outline separate Pages / The topic is Ebola the previous assignment is attached for reference
For your chosen topic please submit your annotated bibliography with an outline, and at least 3 peer reviewed sources. Provide an overview of each source selected.
...
2 pages work based on the article attached as below The team has
2 pages work based on the article attached as below
The team has identified several security issues that they want to resolve before they move forward with the Web site design. Lou would like you to help the team understand encryption and digital certification technologies and how they might be used in the new Web site.
...
2 pages.Need someone whose in Communication major.Please wri
2 pages.
Need someone whose in Communication major.
Please write this paper from the perspective of a full-time foreign student.
Socialization/Self-Reflection Paper (due by Thursday, April 12th
at 11 pm).
You will write a 2-page reflection about yourself. The goal of this paper is to reflect on your own socialization. A good place to start is by reading Sensoy & DiAngelo’s (2017) chapter on “Socialization,” (attached in files) and reflecting on your own
socialization
, particularly thinking about Discussion Question #4 at the end of the chapter:
Many sociologists say that in part how we come to know ourselves is by knowing who we are not. Sociologist Charles Cooley described this process as the “looking glass self” to capture the idea that it is what others reflect back to us that teaches us who we are—that is, our ideas about ourselves are based on how we see ourselves (people
like
us) in relation to others (people
not like
us). What kind of people did you learn were different from you? In which ways were they different? How were you taught about this difference? If you were told that everyone was the same, did the implicit messages of your environment match this explicit message? For example, what key groups (such as the elderly, people with disabilities, people of different social classes than your own, people from different religious groups, people from different racial groups) were you segregated from? As you reflect on this question, consider implicit (unspoken) messages as well as explicit (direct) messages (p. 85).
...
2 page paper Including an abstractThe breakdown of your paper
2 page paper
Including an abstract
The breakdown of your paper should be as follows:
Abstract: Include an abstract in this paper.
Introduction: Overview what you will discuss
Goal: Paper will show me how you are able to apply our reading material for week #7 attached PDF.
Body of your paper: (2 Pages total body/content - in length)-Your thoughts should be supported with key terms from our text AND library research.
Pick five of the leadership tasks that are listed on page 357 of our text attached pdf. Tell me why each task is important to understand as a leader that is involved with the strategic planning process. Explain what each process means and what is involved with the five that you picked.
Five leadership Tasks:
1)Understanding the context
2)Understanding the people involved, including oneself
3)Sponsoring Process
4)Championing the process
5)Facilitating the process
6)Fostering collective leadership
7)Using dialogue and discussion
8)Making and implementing policy decisions
9)Enforcing norms, settling disputes, and managing residual conflict
10) Pulling it all together
...
2 jazz essays, one of the topic is Paul Whiteman, Joe Oliver
2 jazz essays,
one of the topic
is
"Paul Whiteman, Joe Oliver and Duke Ellington and Jungle Music"
.
The second topic
is
"The great migration, Harlem Renaissance, and Black and Tan Fantasy"
.
Request:
1. Students will be able to identify the connections between and differences among local, national, and global communities. The elements of Jazz serve as the foundation for many of the commercial music trends in American music. Popular music in America in turn influenced commercial musical trends globally. The curriculum identifies the elements of Jazz methodology as it relates to these influences. As a global art form, the curriculum also recognizes international trends in Jazz and correlation between jazz styles in America and abroad.
2. Students will understand the influence of cultural and socioeconomic background in shaping attitudes and opinions (in themselves and others). Throughout its existence, the progression of Jazz as an art form is surrounded by controversy. The advancement of Jazz either reflects or diverges from the attitudes and opinions of critics, non-practioners, higher education, social difficulties, enthusiasts, and students. The curriculum identifies controversial issues in order to
provide an overview for students to consider and therefore formulate their own attitudes and opinions.
3. Format:
3 pages (minimum), double spaced
Font: Times, 12-pt.1 inch margins
Due time:
Apr. 25th, 5pm.
...
2 Page Current Issue PaperHere is the grading criteriaRequ
2 Page Current Issue Paper
Here is the grading criteria
Requirement Fulfilled
Missing or lacking details
Three
appropriate, scholarly journal articles were chosen.
(2 pts.)
The issue is clearly stated in the first paragraph. The summary is comprehensive and reflects the most important points of the articles. (4 pts.)
Reflection includes personal and professional reaction to the content and is clearly stated in the paper. (4 pts.)
Citations within the paper and the reference list are formatted using APA style. (3 pts.)
Language and grammar usage is accurate. There are a few, if any, mechanical errors that do not distract from the content of the paper. (2 pts.)
...
1_ What are some positive and negative experiences you have had with
1_ What are some positive and negative experiences you have had with performance management and appraisal?
2_ How has training and development been vital to you now and in the future?
3_Come up with a 2-3 page career development plan and include the following:
Background
5 year plan
10 year plan
Why is a career development plan vital to success?
Conclusion
...
1Running Head AUDIT EVIDENCE2AUDIT EVIDENCE
1
Running Head: AUDIT EVIDENCE
2
AUDIT EVIDENCE
Audit Evidence
Katherine Askew
BSA 505
April 6, 2020
Evidence Gathering and Sampling Methodologies
Gathering techniques are the specific methods and techniques used to collect distinctive kinds of evidence. These techniques include re-performance, inquiry, inspection, and observation, as well as analytical procedures. Audit evidence termed as the information or data collected and used by an auditor as part of his audit work in concluding the opinions if the financial statements prepared in all the material respect and as per the applicable economic frameworks.
Inspection is one of the evidence-gathering procedures where an auditor inspects documents and records that provide varying reliability degrees depending on the source and nature of the material used. Inspecting physical assets provides evidence with higher reliability, and others indicate value. Observation entails checking the application of an entity's or client's procedure and policy hence getting assurance of the process at a particular point of time.
Recalculation entails computation or recalculating to provide a higher degree of assurance about arithmetical accuracy. Also used to check the client's records like subtotals for receivables ledger and pricing on invoices. Re-performance can be active in reviewing the client process like bank reconciliation (Abou-Seada & Abdel-Kader 2017). It can be performed via the use of computer-assisted audit techniques or manually. Recalculation and re-performance provide reliable evidence compares to enquiring and observation.
Analytical procedures entail studying of plausible relationships among the data. These procedures are limited since evidence relies on the validity of the set data. They are used in the entire audit process and conducted for primary purposes like risk assessment, substantive testing, and overall conclusion. An inquiry used to obtain knowledge of the entity, collect specific evidence, and corroborate evidence collected using other means.
The evidence gathering process is summarized or broken down into four primary steps. It begins with designing the audit tests or procedures, including re-performance, inquiry, inspection, and observation, as well as analytical methods. The second step entails carrying out the audit tests r procedures and gathering evidence. The third one involves an analysis of evidence and concluding as well as evaluation of performance against the audit criteria. The fourth step is deciding if additional information is required and can be acquired or if there exists adequate, appropriate evidence.
Audit sampling entails the use of audit procedures in selecting the items within a class of transactions or an account balance. It is the process of examining parts of the data set or population that is sufficient to attain rational assurance on the entire data or population. There are several sampling methodologies used for the controls under ...
2 pages Older college students —e.g., students who entered the
2 pages
Older college students —e.g., students who entered the workforce directly out of high school and have enrolled in college in their 40s or later—have criticized university for having few or no provisions for them. For instance, some have observed that school recognizes, and provides resources for: students of color, students with learning disabilities, students with physical disabilities, and students from low-income backgrounds. But there is no recognition for older (“non-traditional-age”) students.
(A) Offer a relational perspective story about circumstances under which the university might recognize this specific population of students and offer them needed resources in earnest.
(B) Offer an institutional perspective story about circumstances under which the university might recognize this specific population of students and offer them needed resources in earnest. Your story must describe either a coercive, a normative, or a mimetic proces and explain why the process is coercive, normative, or mimetic.
...
1st one 75 words 1 ref needed. does research support the idea th
1st one 75 words 1 ref needed.
does research support the idea that minorities commit more crime than non minorities?
2nd one 150 words 2 refs needed
if statistically, a disprortionate number of crimes are committed by minorities than why is racial profiling wrong?
3rd one 75 words 1 ref
do you belivie there is a link between rape and porn?
...
1Often we focus on representative democracy when describing t
This document discusses representative democracy and its strengths and weaknesses, as well as alternative approaches to enhance representative democracy. It also discusses how individual choice is important for democratic governing and how decision making can foster or inhibit a healthy democracy.
1ST ESSAYWhile the motivations of an individual terrorist andor
1ST ESSAY
While the motivations of an individual terrorist and/or goals of their associated groups may differ, terrorists do possess some common qualities, traits, and motivations. Discuss the common qualities, traits, and motivations that the majority of terrorists possess that set them apart from a normal citizen. 500 words in length.
2ND ESSAY
One response to the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks was the creation of the Department of Homeland Security. Discuss the structure of this new department, the purpose of its creation, and the role it plays in the fight against terrorism. 500 words in length.
...
1Historical Development of the IrishSystem of Social Sec
1
Historical Development of the Irish
System of Social Security
INTRODUCTION
This chapter offers an overview of the development of Irish social security from
the first quarter of the nineteenth century until political independence in 1921.
The chapter begins with an account of the nineteenth century Poor Law in the
UK and its establishment in Ireland and then shows how the Poor Law became
the motif for later developments in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Then a
summary account of the emergence of old age pensions is given, followed by a brief
account of the introduction of national insurance for unemployment and sickness.
In Ireland social security was the political responsibility of the government in
London until political independence, and of necessity, therefore, the chapter
records the development of social security in Ireland largely, although not wholly,
as a by-product of political influences and choices in Great Britain.
THE POOR LAW
The first national, statutory system of welfare in Ireland was the 1838 Poor Relief
(Ireland) Act that emerged from the establishment of the ‘new’ Poor Law in Great
Britain in 1834. The latter was embodied in the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act.
Some background is necessary here. In 1601 the ‘old’ Elizabethan Poor Law was
introduced in the wake of a series of bad harvests that created widespread
deprivation and unrest (Fraser, 1973). Under the Elizabethan Poor Law the local
parish gave relief to the poor from local funding. Three important principles
underpinned the operation of local poor relief: to receive aid the poor had to prove
‘settlement’ (permanent residence) in the parish; the principle of the liability of
dependants meant that family members were mutually responsible for their well-
being and maintenance, and poor relief was utterly minimal. An important
addition to the Poor Law was the 1662 Act of Settlement. As a result of
geographical mobility in the seventeenth century, many poor people were
3
SocialSecurity.qxd 4/6/04 11:47 Page 3
perceived as moving from one parish to another — specifically, from poorer to
richer parishes — to avail of the more generous relief that was available in better-
off parishes. The Act allowed the parish to return individuals to their original
parish if it was judged that they might become a burden on the local parish.
The old Poor Law gave way to the ‘new’ Poor Law embodied in the 1834 Poor
Law Amendment Act for a number of reasons. (Powell, 1992; McKay and
Rowlingson, 1999; Cook, 1990) First, the settlement requirements of the old law
became increasingly incongruous in the context of the free mobility of labour that
became an inherent feature of the newly urbanised, industrialised economy.
Second, the old Poor Law became transformed in many areas in to a
‘Speenhamland’ system (after the name of the parish in which the arrangement
first appeared). In the 1790s, bad harvests and the resulting shortages and inflation
led to fears that the new revolution ...
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