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- 1. The Early Church for Today
- 2. O Sister, Where Art Thou? Christian Women: Past, Present, & Future
- 3. D. L. Moody and the Early Moody Bible Institute
- 4. D. L. Moody and the Early Moody Bible Institute
- 5. D. L. Moody and the Early Moody Bible Institute “MBI women openly served as pastors, evangelists, pulpit supply preachers, Bible teachers and even in the ordained ministry.” “Consequently, the early MBI stands as an appropriate educational symbol of ‘fundamentalist feminism’.” Janette Hassey
- 6. Is the Church a He-Man Women- Haters Club?
- 7. This is not just a Christian issue, nor is it a Western issue!
- 8. Three Concerns: In the Home In Church Ministry In Society
- 9. Christian Denominations on the Ordination of Women
- 10. Christian Denominations on the Ordination of Women YES Episcopal Church Presbyterian Church (USA) Evangelical Lutheran Church in America Many Pentecostal Churches United Methodist Church Society of Friends (Quakers) Willow Creek Church & Many Evangelicals NO Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Churches Presbyterian Church in America Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod Southern Baptist Convention Fundamentalist & Many Evangelicals
- 11. What do the Christian Leaders have to Say?
- 12. What do the Christian Leaders have to Say? F.F. Bruce- YES “If he (Holy Spirit) manifestly withheld the gifts of teaching or leadership from Christian women, then we should accept that as evidence of his will (1 Cor. 12:11). But experience shows that he bestows these and other gifts, with ‘undistinguishing regard’, on men and women alike―not on all women, of course, nor yet on all men. That being so, it is unsatisfactory to rest with a halfway house in this issue of women’s ministry, where they are allowed to pray and prophesy, but not to teach or lead.”
- 13. What do the Christian Leaders have to Say? J. I. Packer- NO “Is there not a better way of benefiting from women’s ministry than by ordaining them?”
- 14. What do the Christian Leaders have to Say? YES N.T. Wright Walter Kaiser Jr. NO Wayne A. Grudem John Piper
- 15. What Would C. S. Lewis Say?
- 16. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE)
- 17. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) BOTH Identify as Evangelical Teach Christ as Central Hold Scripture as Authoritative
- 18. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Rebecca Groothuis Ronald Pierce Linda Belleville
- 19. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) https://www.cbeinternational.org
- 20. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) https://www.cbeinternational.org Mission Statement “CBE exists to promote biblical justice and community by educating Christians that the Bible calls women and men to share authority equally in service and leadership in the home, church, and world.”
- 21. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Core Values 1. Scripture is our authoritative guide for faith, life, and practice. 2. Patriarchy (male dominance) is not a biblical ideal but a result of sin. 3. Patriarchy is an abuse of power, taking from females what God has given them: their dignity, and freedom, their leadership, and often their very lives. 4. While the Bible reflects patriarchal culture, the Bible does not teach patriarchy in human relationships.
- 22. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Core Values 5. Christ’s redemptive work frees all people from patriarchy, calling women and men to share authority equally in service and leadership. 6. God’s design for relationships includes faithful marriage between a man and a woman, celibate singleness and mutual submission in Christian community. 7. The unrestricted use of women’s gifts is integral to the work of the Holy Spirit and essential for the advancement of the gospel in the world.
- 23. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Core Values 8. Followers of Christ are to oppose injustice and patriarchal teachings and practices that marginalize and abuse females and males. 9. The Bible “teaches gender equality in church, home and society.”
- 24. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) “The essential message of biblical equality is simple and straightforward: Gender, in and of itself, neither privileges nor curtails one’s ability to be used to advance the kingdom or to glorify God in any dimension of ministry, mission, or family.” “Biblical equality, therefore, denies that there is any created or otherwise God-ordained hierarchy based solely on gender.”
- 25. Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) In the Beginning: Male and female were equal. Due to the Fall: There is a divide and patriarchal hierarchy. Christ: Heals and restores equality. New Creation: Equality fully restored.
- 26. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Wayne A. Grudem John Piper
- 27. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) https://cbmw.org/
- 28. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) https://cbmw.org/ Mission “The mission of The Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood is to set forth the teachings of the Bible about the complementary differences between men and women, created equally in the image of God, because these teachings are essential for obedience to Scripture and for the health of the family and the church.”
- 29. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement
- 30. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement Based on our understanding of Biblical teachings, we affirm the following: Both Adam and Eve were created in God's image, equal before God as persons and distinct in their manhood and womanhood
- 31. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement Adam's headship in marriage was established by God before the Fall, and was not a result of sin. The Fall introduced distortions into the relationships between men and women.
- 32. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement Both Old and New Testaments also affirm the principle of male headship in the family and in the covenant community. Redemption in Christ aims at removing the distortions introduced by the curse.
- 33. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement In the home, the husband's loving, humble headship tends to be replaced by domination or passivity; the wife's intelligent, willing submission tends to be replaced by usurpation or servility. In the church, sin inclines men toward a worldly love of power or an abdication of spiritual responsibility, and inclines women to resist limitations on their roles or to neglect the use of their gifts in appropriate ministries.
- 34. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) The Danvers Statement In the church, redemption in Christ gives men and women an equal share in the blessings of salvation; nevertheless, some governing and teaching roles within the church are restricted to men.
- 35. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Men and women equally share in the image of God, but not their roles in life and ministry.
- 36. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) In the Beginning: Male and female have different roles. Women were subordinate. Due to the Fall: Distorts relationships. Christ: Heals the broken relationships. New Creation: Original order restored (Patriarchy )
- 37. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) BOTH Identify as Evangelical Teach Christ as Central Hold Scripture as Authoritative
- 38. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Egalitarian Hierarchical
- 39. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Egalitarian Patriarchy is result of sin Hierarchical Patriarchy is God’s idea
- 40. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Egalitarian Patriarchy is result of sin Leadership is based on gifts Hierarchical Patriarchy is God’s idea Leadership is based on gifts and gender
- 41. Council on Biblical Manhood and Womanhood (CBMW) Council for Biblical Equality (CBE) Egalitarian Patriarchy is result of sin Leadership is based on gifts Hermeneutics focused on historical context Hierarchical Patriarchy is God’s idea Leadership is based on gifts and gender Hermeneutics focused on the universal
- 44. Complementarianism The complementarian view of Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
- 45. Complementarianism The complementarian view of Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179) Background: Middle Ages Two Views Aristotle’s Male and female are opposites. Jerome’s Male and female are identical when sexuality is renounced.
- 46. Complementarianism Hildegard Held to an equality of male and female together with significant observed and documented differences. The complementarian view of Hildegard of Bingen (1098-1179)
- 47. What would John Chrysostom say?
- 48. What would John Chrysostom say? In the Beginning: Male and female were created equal. Due to the Fall: Women became subordinate. Christ: Begins to heal the broken relationships, but the curse is still in effect. New Creation: Equality restored.
- 49. Where are we going?
- 50. O Sister, Where Art Thou? Christian Women: Past, Present, & Future
Editor's Notes
- D. L. Moody (1837-1899) and Moody Bible Institute (opened in 1889) Shoe salesman turned evangelist.
- D. L. Moody had no problem with women in ministry or church leadership roles.
- Hassey (PhD U of Chicago, Missionary to Philippines) asks, “Why do evangelical groups that once welcomed women as pastors and preachers now prohibit or discourage such ministry?” (DBE p. 39) She continues, “I found that fundamentalism a century ago was neither exclusively male dominated nor inherently antifeminist.” (DBE p. 40) Suggested Reasons: Interdenominational Bible conferences, Women speaking on social needs, Premillenialism…
- Historically? Presently? Many “love” their wives, but without respect.
- Hindi women are expected to throw themselves on their husband’s funeral fire. Many Muslim women are not allowed to leave the house w/o their husband’s permission. Many societies (religious and not) limit women’s education and jobs. “Giving a woman an education is like giving a goat a flute” (ancient Greek) This is a global issue.
- Should women be ordained? Should they serve as pastors? Should they serve as teachers?
- Seh-Nid
- Bruce (1910-1990) Rylands Professor of Biblical Criticism and Exegesis at the University of Manchester. From “Women in the Church: A Biblical Survey,” Christian Brethren Review 33 (1982), 7-14, 11-12. If women are gifted by the Holy Spirit then let them use their gifts.
- See article; Let’s Stop Making Women Presbyters, Regent collage in Vancouver Canada. Knowing God
- Wright: New Testament scholar, Anglican Bishop of Durham Kaiser: Gordon-Conwell college. OT Scholar. Grudem: Research Professor of Bible and Theology, Phoenix Seminary AZ. Piper: Pastor, author, trained at Wheaton and Fuller.
- “Priestesses in the Church?” (see God in the Docks) Written from an Anglican perspective. Not as priests (a mediator position), but yes for prayer and prophesying (preaching).
- Both groups were formed in 1987.
- So what’s the difference?
- Groothuis: Freelance writer and editor Belleville: PhD, University of Toronto, is adjunct professor of New Testament at Grand Rapids Theological Seminary. Pierce: PhD from Fuller Theological Seminary. He has taught biblical studies and theology at Biola University since 1976, and currently teaches in the undergraduate program of the Talbot School of Theology
- Sometimes referred to as… Biblical Feminism Biblical Egalitarianism
- Beginning: Equality Fall: The damage is done. Patriarchy is introduced. Christ: In Christ there is no male or female… Equality now! New: Equal again.
- Grudem: Research Professor of Theology and Biblical Studies at Phoenix Seminary in Phoenix, Arizona Piper: Piper served as Pastor for Preaching and Vision of Bethlehem Baptist Church in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
- This sounds similar, but there are some differences.
- December, 1987, Danvers, Massachusetts,
- Not the entirety of the statement.
- Interesting Note: The female members of the CBMW list “homemaker” and “pastor’s wife” as their first accreditation.
- This is a balancing act.
- Beginning: God created women to be submissive. Fall: Distorts relationships. Men domineering, women usurping. Christ: Restores the ordained hierarchy. Creation: Women are eternally subordinate. God made men to be leaders and women to be followers.
- So what’s the difference?
- CBE: They do not deny hierarchical relationships, but do not accept it in gender. CBMW: Everything is hierarchical. Not only the cosmos, but eternally within God as well. Chrysostom would consider Wayne’s conclusions as absurd. I was shocked by how much of a ruling concept it is in his theology. The Great Chain of Being vs the Circle of Life.
- Even though Grudem does not like this word, he clearly is patristic. Some have referred to his view as a “love patriarchy”. The two groups could not work together on a joint statement on domestic violence, probably due to the idea (CBE) that patriarchy is a form of abuse.
- CBE: Women gifted by God should be able to teach and lead. CBMW: No they shouldn’t.
- They approach Scripture differently. One person’s medicine is another’s poison. Don’t take other people’s medication. Jesus and the rich young ruler, were his instructions for us as well? But there is a universal message, otherwise, why are we bothering to read the gospels?
- Disgruntled relationships!
- We have differences, but those differences complement each other. Complementarianism is a word that can fit almost any circumstance, even slavery. Feudal System: The nobleman on the hill and his priestin the Church both tell you this is where God has placed you, so be happy! It needs clear definition. Grudem’s use of it is in the context of a strong patriarchal view of life. Both CBE and CBMW use this word. (Even Muslims use it.)
- Mary Malone, p. 118.
- Mary Malone, p. 118 Aristotle: Long gone but his influence is strong in Middle Ages. Jerome: The soul is neither male or female. (Common idea with Church Fathers)
- Mary Malone, p. 118 Point: Complementarianism is an important term in modern dialogue, but it needs context.
- Which side would he endorse? CBE or CBMW?
- Beginning: Equality is continuously emphasized by John (with possible distinctions). Fall: This is a mercy as you cannot have two equals leading. Christ: As long as we are in our corruptible flesh men rule. New: Equality, “as the angels”