The document discusses regulations regarding the treatment and discharge of sewage from ships as outlined in MARPOL Annex IV. It provides details on definitions of sewage, typical sewage generation amounts, treatment methods including mechanical, chemical and biological, and standards for effluent quality and discharge distances. Requirements include having an approved sewage treatment plant and International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate when discharging in special areas like the Baltic Sea.
1. The document provides information on ship construction, including definitions of key ship design terminology and descriptions of basic ship types and designs.
2. It discusses the three main stages of initial ship design - concept, preliminary, and contract design. Key ship dimensions and specifications that are determined at each stage are outlined.
3. Ship types covered include liquid cargo ships, dry cargo ships, passenger ships, offshore vessels, fishing vessels, and naval vessels. The evolution of cargo ship designs over time is summarized.
1. The document discusses the various components of ship resistance including viscous resistance, wave-making resistance, and air resistance.
2. Viscous resistance is affected by factors like Reynolds number and hull shape, with slender hulls reducing the normal component.
3. Wave-making resistance drastically increases above the hull speed as transverse wave length approaches ship length. Bulbous bows can reduce bow wave resistance.
4. Total resistance is calculated from coefficients of viscous, wave-making, and air resistance, with model tests needed to determine wave-making coefficient.
This document is a dissertation submitted by Kuan, Siew Yeng to the University of Southern Queensland in fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering) degree. The dissertation focuses on designing a new floating roof tank. It provides background on floating roof tanks, relevant design codes and standards, and discusses design considerations and methods for the shell, roof, fittings and accessories. The goal is to develop basic rules and procedures for designing, constructing and operating floating roof tanks based on a case study.
This document provides an overview of IMO regulations for improving ship energy efficiency, including:
- Chapter 4 of MARPOL Annex VI establishes mandatory energy efficiency standards for ships through the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships.
- IMO resolutions provide guidelines for calculating the EEDI and developing SEEMPs.
- Ships must undergo surveys and be issued an International Energy Efficiency Certificate verifying compliance with Chapter 4 requirements.
Mooring analysis involves designing an offshore mooring system to withstand extreme environmental conditions like 100-year storms. Key factors in the mooring layout include the strength of each mooring line, seabed topography, and directions of wind, waves and currents. Common mooring patterns are distributed to balance loads and provide redundancy. Analysis calculates line tensions and vessel excursions in storms, traditionally analyzing mooring and risers separately but now integrated. The purpose is to ensure the vessel stays within acceptable distance limits under worst loads.
This document discusses ship propulsion systems. It begins by defining key terms related to propeller horsepower, including:
- Brake Horsepower (BHP): Power output at the engine shaft before reduction gears.
- Shaft Horsepower (SHP): Power output after the reduction gears.
- Delivered Horsepower (DHP): Power delivered to the propeller.
- Thrust Horsepower (THP): Power created by the screw/propeller after losses.
It then discusses propeller types, key parts like the hub and blades, and terminology such as diameter, pitch, revolutions per minute, and whether a propeller is right-handed or left-handed. The
The document discusses regulations regarding the treatment and discharge of sewage from ships as outlined in MARPOL Annex IV. It provides details on definitions of sewage, typical sewage generation amounts, treatment methods including mechanical, chemical and biological, and standards for effluent quality and discharge distances. Requirements include having an approved sewage treatment plant and International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate when discharging in special areas like the Baltic Sea.
1. The document provides information on ship construction, including definitions of key ship design terminology and descriptions of basic ship types and designs.
2. It discusses the three main stages of initial ship design - concept, preliminary, and contract design. Key ship dimensions and specifications that are determined at each stage are outlined.
3. Ship types covered include liquid cargo ships, dry cargo ships, passenger ships, offshore vessels, fishing vessels, and naval vessels. The evolution of cargo ship designs over time is summarized.
1. The document discusses the various components of ship resistance including viscous resistance, wave-making resistance, and air resistance.
2. Viscous resistance is affected by factors like Reynolds number and hull shape, with slender hulls reducing the normal component.
3. Wave-making resistance drastically increases above the hull speed as transverse wave length approaches ship length. Bulbous bows can reduce bow wave resistance.
4. Total resistance is calculated from coefficients of viscous, wave-making, and air resistance, with model tests needed to determine wave-making coefficient.
This document is a dissertation submitted by Kuan, Siew Yeng to the University of Southern Queensland in fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Engineering) degree. The dissertation focuses on designing a new floating roof tank. It provides background on floating roof tanks, relevant design codes and standards, and discusses design considerations and methods for the shell, roof, fittings and accessories. The goal is to develop basic rules and procedures for designing, constructing and operating floating roof tanks based on a case study.
This document provides an overview of IMO regulations for improving ship energy efficiency, including:
- Chapter 4 of MARPOL Annex VI establishes mandatory energy efficiency standards for ships through the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for new ships and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) for all ships.
- IMO resolutions provide guidelines for calculating the EEDI and developing SEEMPs.
- Ships must undergo surveys and be issued an International Energy Efficiency Certificate verifying compliance with Chapter 4 requirements.
Mooring analysis involves designing an offshore mooring system to withstand extreme environmental conditions like 100-year storms. Key factors in the mooring layout include the strength of each mooring line, seabed topography, and directions of wind, waves and currents. Common mooring patterns are distributed to balance loads and provide redundancy. Analysis calculates line tensions and vessel excursions in storms, traditionally analyzing mooring and risers separately but now integrated. The purpose is to ensure the vessel stays within acceptable distance limits under worst loads.
This document discusses ship propulsion systems. It begins by defining key terms related to propeller horsepower, including:
- Brake Horsepower (BHP): Power output at the engine shaft before reduction gears.
- Shaft Horsepower (SHP): Power output after the reduction gears.
- Delivered Horsepower (DHP): Power delivered to the propeller.
- Thrust Horsepower (THP): Power created by the screw/propeller after losses.
It then discusses propeller types, key parts like the hub and blades, and terminology such as diameter, pitch, revolutions per minute, and whether a propeller is right-handed or left-handed. The
Survey guidelines for oil tankers in serviceJose Reis
Survey guidelines for oil tankers in service
Oil Tanker is attributed to the high-risk vessel for the flammability and explosibility features of the
cargoes carrying on it. Once the oil spill occurs on an Oil Tanker, the ocean circumstance will encounter a
serious pollution, especially as the oil tankers have become larger and larger, the oil spill after damage of
oil tanker might lead to a great hazard to the ocean and the adjacent coastlands.
The Vessel General Permit (VGP) authorizes discharges incidental to the normal operation of non-military and non-recreational vessels greater than or equal to 79 feet in length on a nationwide basis. The VGP requires vessel operators to utilize best practices to protect the marine environment. The Coast Guard shares this goal of environmental stewardship and assists the EPA in ensuring vessel compliance with the VGP through inspections and reporting deficiencies. The proposed Small Vessel General Permit would apply similar requirements to non-recreational, non-military vessels less than 79 feet long.
1) Det Norske Veritas (DNV) is a classification society established in 1864 that identifies, assesses, and manages risk, particularly for maritime industries.
2) DNV has a large global presence with over 9,000 employees in 300 offices across 100 countries.
3) DNV has the largest market share for classification of floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels at 40%, focusing on risk assessment and certification of new FPSO builds and conversions.
Modelling and Stress Analysis of the Pig Loop Module of a Piping System.IJRES Journal
The failure of any piping system depends on the stress analysis that was performed during the engineering design of the piping system. In designing the pig loop of a submarine manifold to be used in area Y of Niger delta in Nigeria, a proper analysis of the load to which the system could be subjected was carried out using a stress analysis software - ''Triflex piping solutions.'' We employed ASME B31.8 piping code. Various stress values and deflections were analysed at each node to ensure that the design will be on a safe operating condition. Stress utilization was checked for hoop and longitudinal stresses for various scenarios and the worst case scenario was determined. The maximum stress utilization for the worst case scenario was found to be within the limit and thereby meeting with the safety requirement.
The document discusses emissions to air from ships and strategies for reducing air pollution beyond regulatory compliance. It outlines various air pollutants emitted from ships, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx), and regulations from the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to limit these emissions. Methods for reducing ship emissions are discussed, including using low-sulfur fuel, exhaust gas cleaning systems, and operational measures like slow steaming. The document emphasizes that reducing emissions requires approaches throughout the combustion process, from fuel preparation to exhaust cleaning.
The document provides information on storage tank design based on API 650 standards. It discusses the different types of storage tanks including their shapes, sizes, and applications. The two main types are atmospheric storage tanks and pressurized storage tanks. Cylindrical tanks are the most common and can have different roof types like fixed, floating, or cone/dome roofs depending on the stored liquid's flash point. Material selection, tank capacities, accessories, foundations, and important notes about containment are also covered.
Cost Estimating for Offshore Oil & Gas Facility DecommissioningDonnie Miller
This paper reviews the process of decommissioning offshore oil and gas facilities in the US Gulf of Mexico. It discusses the typical cost elements of decommissioning including planning, well plugging and abandonment, platform preparation, topsides and jacket removal, and site clearance. It provides details on the costs and time required for various tasks such as pipeline abandonment, conductor removal, and cutting and removing the platform jacket. The paper also gives an example cost estimate for decommissioning a typical 4-pile drilling/production platform and compares actual costs to estimated costs for several projects to evaluate estimate accuracy.
The document summarizes new regulations under MARPOL Annex V regarding shipboard garbage disposal that will take effect on January 1, 2013. Key points:
- Disposal of garbage at sea will be prohibited except for certain permitted discharges. Ships will need to send garbage to port reception facilities.
- Garbage will need to be segregated according to port requirements. Port garbage processing capabilities should be checked in advance.
- Cleaning products may be discharged if not harmful to the environment and records are maintained. Ash residues from incinerators are considered garbage.
- Outside special areas, certain comminuted food waste and cargo residues may be discharged under specified conditions. Animal carcasses require special disposal methods.
This document provides design calculations for the seismic and wind loading of an oil storage tank. It calculates the overturning moment due to seismic forces and wind forces acting on the tank. It then calculates the required strength of the tank shell, bottom plate, and anchorage to resist these overturning forces, taking into account the weight and distribution of the tank, contents, roof and supporting structures. Design requirements including allowable stresses and load factors are considered to ensure the structural integrity of the tank under the specified loading conditions.
This document provides technical specifications for truck loading and unloading facilities. It outlines general requirements, definitions, safety considerations, and process design parameters. For loading, it discusses factors like environmental conservation, health and safety, and compares top loading versus bottom loading systems. Bottom loading is preferred for high vapor pressure products. The document also covers control systems, equipment requirements, and considerations for truck unloading. It includes several appendices with additional details.
1) The document discusses mechanical design of pressure vessels. It covers classification of pressure vessels and design considerations like stresses and stability.
2) Pressure vessels are classified based on thickness-to-diameter ratio into thin-walled and thick-walled vessels. Common shapes are cylindrical and spherical.
3) Design codes specify guidelines for design, materials, fabrication, inspection and testing of pressure vessels. Stresses like circumferential, longitudinal and shear stresses are derived. Failure theories like maximum principal and shear stresses are discussed.
4) Buckling stability is important for thin-walled vessels under compression. Membrane stress equations are provided for common vessel shapes like cylinders, spheres, cones and ellipsoids.
1. Ship propellers work by sucking in water and accelerating it out in a slipstream, using the change in momentum to generate thrust.
2. Screw propellers have key parts like the blade, hub, tip circle, and define characteristics like pitch. Pitch is the theoretical distance traveled per revolution.
3. Propellers can be fixed pitch or variable pitch (controllable), with the latter allowing control of thrust without changing engine power.
This document provides guidelines for preliminary ship design parameter estimation. It discusses selecting main parameters like length, breadth, depth and draft based on owner requirements and stability constraints. Empirical formulas are presented for estimating parameters like displacement, dimensions, form coefficients, block coefficients, and initial stability values. Statistical data analysis and extrapolating from similar ship designs can also help in the first estimates. The relationships between parameters and their influence on ship performance aspects are outlined.
This document provides an introduction to various types of watercraft, including definitions, classifications, and key concepts. It discusses displacement vessels, semi-displacement vessels, and planning vessels. Military and civilian vessel types are described. Advanced high-speed watercraft like hydrofoils, air cushion vehicles (ACVs), and surface effect ships (SES) are explained. Ship stability concepts such as center of buoyancy, center of flotation, and reserve buoyancy are covered.
This document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a ship's rudder based on classification society rules and reference books. It provides dimensions for the rudder area, rudder force and torque, rudder stock, couplings, frames, plates, webs, pintle, bearings, and steering arrangement based on ship particulars including length, breadth, draft and speed. Calculations are shown for rudder area, force, torque and structural component sizing based on formulas from classification rules.
Procedure for Inspection Pistons and Cylinder Liners Erkut Denizci
This cylinder liner and piston condition monitoring procedure holds guidelines for inspections, and trouble shooting. It has been prepared in order to give engineers with limited experience a better understanding of what they are observing and how they should interpret what they observe.
Many of the examples may be considered superfluous by experienced engineers, nevertheless, every piece of information is useful for everyone.
This guideline provides technical, safety and health instructions for safely conducting “Inspection through Scavenge Ports” tasks being conducted onboard. This guideline does not and can not cover every possible unique condition, hazard or situation that may arise during subject tasks. This site specific, product specific hazards and situations must be addressed by senior engineers using the appropriate principles and considerations.
This document discusses the history and types of batteries. It begins with defining batteries and describing their invention by Volta in 1800. It then discusses the increasing demand for batteries to power electronics and electric vehicles. The document outlines several recent advances in batteries, including sodium-ion and solid-state designs that improve safety. It concludes that continued research in nanoscience and new materials could enable breakthroughs in sustainable battery technologies.
Introduction to Ship Resistance and Propulsion.pdfMUswahPawara
This document provides an introduction to ship resistance and propulsion. It discusses the key components of ship resistance including appendages resistance, friction resistance, wave making resistance, air resistance, and eddy resistance. It also covers total resistance and additional resistance components like spray resistance and eddy making resistance. The document then discusses propulsive efficiency factors like relative rotative efficiency, open water efficiency, and hull efficiency. It introduces concepts like propulsion coefficient and relationships between delivered horsepower, shaft horsepower, and required horsepower. Finally, it briefly compares different propulsion systems like fixed pitch propeller, controllable pitch propeller, and azimuthing stern drive regarding their advantages, disadvantages, costs, and maneuverability.
Survey guidelines for oil tankers in serviceJose Reis
Survey guidelines for oil tankers in service
Oil Tanker is attributed to the high-risk vessel for the flammability and explosibility features of the
cargoes carrying on it. Once the oil spill occurs on an Oil Tanker, the ocean circumstance will encounter a
serious pollution, especially as the oil tankers have become larger and larger, the oil spill after damage of
oil tanker might lead to a great hazard to the ocean and the adjacent coastlands.
The Vessel General Permit (VGP) authorizes discharges incidental to the normal operation of non-military and non-recreational vessels greater than or equal to 79 feet in length on a nationwide basis. The VGP requires vessel operators to utilize best practices to protect the marine environment. The Coast Guard shares this goal of environmental stewardship and assists the EPA in ensuring vessel compliance with the VGP through inspections and reporting deficiencies. The proposed Small Vessel General Permit would apply similar requirements to non-recreational, non-military vessels less than 79 feet long.
1) Det Norske Veritas (DNV) is a classification society established in 1864 that identifies, assesses, and manages risk, particularly for maritime industries.
2) DNV has a large global presence with over 9,000 employees in 300 offices across 100 countries.
3) DNV has the largest market share for classification of floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) vessels at 40%, focusing on risk assessment and certification of new FPSO builds and conversions.
Modelling and Stress Analysis of the Pig Loop Module of a Piping System.IJRES Journal
The failure of any piping system depends on the stress analysis that was performed during the engineering design of the piping system. In designing the pig loop of a submarine manifold to be used in area Y of Niger delta in Nigeria, a proper analysis of the load to which the system could be subjected was carried out using a stress analysis software - ''Triflex piping solutions.'' We employed ASME B31.8 piping code. Various stress values and deflections were analysed at each node to ensure that the design will be on a safe operating condition. Stress utilization was checked for hoop and longitudinal stresses for various scenarios and the worst case scenario was determined. The maximum stress utilization for the worst case scenario was found to be within the limit and thereby meeting with the safety requirement.
The document discusses emissions to air from ships and strategies for reducing air pollution beyond regulatory compliance. It outlines various air pollutants emitted from ships, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx), and regulations from the International Maritime Organization (IMO) to limit these emissions. Methods for reducing ship emissions are discussed, including using low-sulfur fuel, exhaust gas cleaning systems, and operational measures like slow steaming. The document emphasizes that reducing emissions requires approaches throughout the combustion process, from fuel preparation to exhaust cleaning.
The document provides information on storage tank design based on API 650 standards. It discusses the different types of storage tanks including their shapes, sizes, and applications. The two main types are atmospheric storage tanks and pressurized storage tanks. Cylindrical tanks are the most common and can have different roof types like fixed, floating, or cone/dome roofs depending on the stored liquid's flash point. Material selection, tank capacities, accessories, foundations, and important notes about containment are also covered.
Cost Estimating for Offshore Oil & Gas Facility DecommissioningDonnie Miller
This paper reviews the process of decommissioning offshore oil and gas facilities in the US Gulf of Mexico. It discusses the typical cost elements of decommissioning including planning, well plugging and abandonment, platform preparation, topsides and jacket removal, and site clearance. It provides details on the costs and time required for various tasks such as pipeline abandonment, conductor removal, and cutting and removing the platform jacket. The paper also gives an example cost estimate for decommissioning a typical 4-pile drilling/production platform and compares actual costs to estimated costs for several projects to evaluate estimate accuracy.
The document summarizes new regulations under MARPOL Annex V regarding shipboard garbage disposal that will take effect on January 1, 2013. Key points:
- Disposal of garbage at sea will be prohibited except for certain permitted discharges. Ships will need to send garbage to port reception facilities.
- Garbage will need to be segregated according to port requirements. Port garbage processing capabilities should be checked in advance.
- Cleaning products may be discharged if not harmful to the environment and records are maintained. Ash residues from incinerators are considered garbage.
- Outside special areas, certain comminuted food waste and cargo residues may be discharged under specified conditions. Animal carcasses require special disposal methods.
This document provides design calculations for the seismic and wind loading of an oil storage tank. It calculates the overturning moment due to seismic forces and wind forces acting on the tank. It then calculates the required strength of the tank shell, bottom plate, and anchorage to resist these overturning forces, taking into account the weight and distribution of the tank, contents, roof and supporting structures. Design requirements including allowable stresses and load factors are considered to ensure the structural integrity of the tank under the specified loading conditions.
This document provides technical specifications for truck loading and unloading facilities. It outlines general requirements, definitions, safety considerations, and process design parameters. For loading, it discusses factors like environmental conservation, health and safety, and compares top loading versus bottom loading systems. Bottom loading is preferred for high vapor pressure products. The document also covers control systems, equipment requirements, and considerations for truck unloading. It includes several appendices with additional details.
1) The document discusses mechanical design of pressure vessels. It covers classification of pressure vessels and design considerations like stresses and stability.
2) Pressure vessels are classified based on thickness-to-diameter ratio into thin-walled and thick-walled vessels. Common shapes are cylindrical and spherical.
3) Design codes specify guidelines for design, materials, fabrication, inspection and testing of pressure vessels. Stresses like circumferential, longitudinal and shear stresses are derived. Failure theories like maximum principal and shear stresses are discussed.
4) Buckling stability is important for thin-walled vessels under compression. Membrane stress equations are provided for common vessel shapes like cylinders, spheres, cones and ellipsoids.
1. Ship propellers work by sucking in water and accelerating it out in a slipstream, using the change in momentum to generate thrust.
2. Screw propellers have key parts like the blade, hub, tip circle, and define characteristics like pitch. Pitch is the theoretical distance traveled per revolution.
3. Propellers can be fixed pitch or variable pitch (controllable), with the latter allowing control of thrust without changing engine power.
This document provides guidelines for preliminary ship design parameter estimation. It discusses selecting main parameters like length, breadth, depth and draft based on owner requirements and stability constraints. Empirical formulas are presented for estimating parameters like displacement, dimensions, form coefficients, block coefficients, and initial stability values. Statistical data analysis and extrapolating from similar ship designs can also help in the first estimates. The relationships between parameters and their influence on ship performance aspects are outlined.
This document provides an introduction to various types of watercraft, including definitions, classifications, and key concepts. It discusses displacement vessels, semi-displacement vessels, and planning vessels. Military and civilian vessel types are described. Advanced high-speed watercraft like hydrofoils, air cushion vehicles (ACVs), and surface effect ships (SES) are explained. Ship stability concepts such as center of buoyancy, center of flotation, and reserve buoyancy are covered.
This document summarizes the design calculations for key components of a ship's rudder based on classification society rules and reference books. It provides dimensions for the rudder area, rudder force and torque, rudder stock, couplings, frames, plates, webs, pintle, bearings, and steering arrangement based on ship particulars including length, breadth, draft and speed. Calculations are shown for rudder area, force, torque and structural component sizing based on formulas from classification rules.
Procedure for Inspection Pistons and Cylinder Liners Erkut Denizci
This cylinder liner and piston condition monitoring procedure holds guidelines for inspections, and trouble shooting. It has been prepared in order to give engineers with limited experience a better understanding of what they are observing and how they should interpret what they observe.
Many of the examples may be considered superfluous by experienced engineers, nevertheless, every piece of information is useful for everyone.
This guideline provides technical, safety and health instructions for safely conducting “Inspection through Scavenge Ports” tasks being conducted onboard. This guideline does not and can not cover every possible unique condition, hazard or situation that may arise during subject tasks. This site specific, product specific hazards and situations must be addressed by senior engineers using the appropriate principles and considerations.
This document discusses the history and types of batteries. It begins with defining batteries and describing their invention by Volta in 1800. It then discusses the increasing demand for batteries to power electronics and electric vehicles. The document outlines several recent advances in batteries, including sodium-ion and solid-state designs that improve safety. It concludes that continued research in nanoscience and new materials could enable breakthroughs in sustainable battery technologies.
Introduction to Ship Resistance and Propulsion.pdfMUswahPawara
This document provides an introduction to ship resistance and propulsion. It discusses the key components of ship resistance including appendages resistance, friction resistance, wave making resistance, air resistance, and eddy resistance. It also covers total resistance and additional resistance components like spray resistance and eddy making resistance. The document then discusses propulsive efficiency factors like relative rotative efficiency, open water efficiency, and hull efficiency. It introduces concepts like propulsion coefficient and relationships between delivered horsepower, shaft horsepower, and required horsepower. Finally, it briefly compares different propulsion systems like fixed pitch propeller, controllable pitch propeller, and azimuthing stern drive regarding their advantages, disadvantages, costs, and maneuverability.
Η παρουσίαση της CVexperts από το σεμινάριο που υλοποίησε στο ΑΕΙ Πειραιά ΤΤ σε συνεργασία με το Γραφείο Διασύνδεσης (12/03/2015). Οι συμμετέχοντες ήταν όλοι υπέροχοι, με πολύ στοχευμένες ερωτήσεις και σχόλια που