1. MariaDB: The New
MySQL?
Colin Charles, Monty Program Ab
colin@montyprogram.com | colin@mariadb.org
http://montyprogram.com/ | http://mariadb.org/
http://bytebot.net/blog/ | @bytebot on Twitter
HighLoad++, Moscow, Russia
23 October 2012
2. whoami
MariaDB guy at Monty Program Ab
Formerly MySQL AB/Sun Microsystems
Past lives included Fedora Project (FESCO),
OpenOffice.org
3. Aims
32 months, four major releases
(5.1,5.2,5.3,5.5) & more (Galera Cluster, 10.0)
Discuss the broader MySQL ecosystem
The future of MariaDB
4. First up...
Thank you Oracle & Percona and the larger
MySQL community for continuing to do work
that is great
5. MariaDB is... (currently)
Community developed
Feature enhanced
a better MySQL
Fully compatible with MySQL
not a fork
feature complete
6. Ownership
MySQL (database) owned by MySQL AB
(company) -> Sun -> Oracle
Monty Program is a (major) sponsor of
MariaDB
maria-captains: 50% MP, 50% community
including Sphinxsearch, Twitter, SkySQL,
Taobao, Facebook, Percona, Codership, &
more
7. Aims of MariaDB
100% compatible, drop-in replacement to MySQL
i.e. no changes in connectors, app doesn’t
care its MariaDB unless using new features,
easy upgrade (uninstall mysql, install mariadb,
magic!)
Stable (bug-free) releases with no regressions
GPLv2
8. Compatibility with
MySQL
NDB cluster included, but not enabled by default
Client libraries, client server protocol, SQL dialect,
master-slave replication all same
Data files supported as long as same versions
XtraDB enabled by default now. InnoDB included too &
may change to default
MariaDB Galera Cluster is a separate download
http://kb.askmonty.org/v/mariadb-versus-mysql-
compatibility
10. MariaDB 5.5
GA April 2012
https://kb.askmonty.org/en/what-is-mariadb-55/
Current release: MariaDB 5.5.27
By far the most popular release of MariaDB
downloaded, in use, today
11. MariaDB 5.5: an
opensource threadpool
Modified from 5.1 (libevent based), great for CPU bound
loads and short running queries
Windows (threadpool), Linux (epoll), Solaris (event ports),
FreeBSD/OSX (kevents)
No minimization of concurrent transactions with dynamic
pool size
12. MariaDB 5.5: Better for
DBAs
non-blocking client library
start operation, do work in thread, operation processed, result
travels back
use cases: multiple queries against single server (utilize more
CPUs); queries against multiple servers (SHOW STATUS on
many machines)
fast node.js driver available: mariasql
SELECT now has LIMIT ROWS EXAMINED to consume less
resources
SELECT * from t1, t2 LIMIT 10 ROWS EXAMINED 1000;
14. MariaDB 5.3
Biggest change in the optimizer since it was
written - more complete than MySQL 5.6RC!!!
Replication improvements
Released February 2012
Based on the MySQL 5.1 codebase
15. Better replication
Original statements logged with row based
replication (RBR) events
Checksum for binlog events
RBR works for tables with no primary key
Consistent snapshot between storage engines
16. Group commit in the
binary log
sync_binlog=1, innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
https://www.facebook.com/note.php?note_id=10150261692455933
http://kb.askmonty.org/en/group-commit-for-the-binary-log
17. MariaDB 5.3: GIS
support!
MySQL has OpenGIS SFS (Simple feature
access, SQL access method)
Now, SQL with full geometry types
ST_ prefix
http://kb.askmonty.org/en/gis-features-in-533
18. Optimizer enhancements
Join additions
block nested loop joins for outer-joins, block hash joins,
Batched Key Access (BKA)
Optimization for derived tables & views
mergeable derived tables processed like VIEWs + optimizer
creates indexes over materialized derived tables
Disk access optimization
Index Condition Pushdown (ICP), Multi-Range Read (MRR)
19. Subquery optimizations
Semi-join optimization, materialization for non-
correlated IN queries, subquery cache
Goodbye rewriting as JOINs or separate queries
DBT-3, 60M rows, 29GB XtraDB
21. Progress reporting
For ALTER TABLE or LOAD DATA INFILE
MariaDB [mail]> alter table mail engine = maria;
Stage: 1 of 2 'copy to tmp table' 17.55% of stage done
MariaDB [mail]> select id, user, db, command, state,
-> time_ms, progress from information_schema.processlist;
+---------+-------------------+-----------+----------+
| command | state | time_ms | progress |
+---------+-------------------+-----------+----------+
| Query | copy to tmp table | 23407.131 | 17.551 |
+---------+-------------------+-----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.47 sec)
22. NoSQL access methods
Comes with HandlerSocket
direct access to XtraDB/InnoDB for CRUD
operations
Dynamic columns
create columns with dynamic content
basically a blob with handling functions
23. MariaDB 5.2
Released November 2011
Pluggable authentication w/PAM plugin
User statistics: CLIENT_STATISTICS,
USER_STATISTICS, INDEX_STATISTICS,
TABLE_STATISTICS (userstats=1)
Virtual columns - PERSISTENT or VIRTUAL
24. Still using MyISAM?
Mitigates thread contention for key cache lock,
with notable performance improvements
Key caches divided into different segments,
allowing for better key cache concurrency
1-64 segments
25. SphinxSE
CREATE TABLE t1 (..) ENGINE=SPHINX
CONNECTION=”sphinx://localhost:9312/test”;
Engine connects to Sphinx searchd
Let indexing, searching, sorting, filtering be performed by
Sphinx
instead of WHERE, ORDER BY, LIMIT
Sphinx is optimized/fast for these tasks
Most of the Sphinx API is exposed to engine
JOIN search table with other MySQL tables
27. What is Aria?
Still just a crash-safe MyISAM
used for temporary tables internally
group commit added in 5.2 to speed up multi-
user inserts
28. How do we support all
this?
Support Latest
Version Released MySQL
till release
5.1.42 Feb 2010 Feb 2015 5.1.62 5.1.63
5.2.3 Nov 2010 Nov 2015 5.2.12 5.1.63
5.3.5 Feb 2012 Feb 2017 5.3.8 5.1.65
5.5.23 Apr 2012 Apr 2017 5.5.28 5.5.28
29. Oh, and we’re fast
Oracle loves MySQL performance on
Microsoft Windows. So do we
OLTP read-only OLTP write-only
30. How open is MariaDB?
Mailing lists: Launchpad
maria-developers@lists.launchpad.net
maria-discuss@lists.launchpad.net
Code hosting: Launchpad
http://launchpad.net/maria/
Bugs database/feature worklog: Jira
http://mariadb.atlassian.net/
#maria on freenode
32. Deployments!
happy users: pap.fr, wabtec, Paybox Services,
OLX, Jelastic, Web of Trust, SaltOS, ERP5, etc. “We made the switch on Saturday
-- and we’re seeing benefits
“MariaDB had these same bugs that we ran into already -- our daily optimization
with MySQL. However the big difference was that time is down from 24 minutes to
when we reported these bugs, they were quickly just 4 minutes” -- Ali Watters,
resolved within 48 hours!” -- Dreas van Donselaar, CEO, travelblog.org
Chief Technology Officer, SpamExperts
B.V. after migrating over 300 servers from MySQL
5.0 to MariaDB 5.1.
“Migrating from MySQL 5.1 to MariaDB 5.2 was as
simple as removing MySQL RPMs and installing the
MariaDB packages, then running mysql_upgrade.” -
Panayot Belchev, proprietor, Host Bulgaria on
providing
MariaDB to over 7,000 of their web hosting
customers.
33. Getting MariaDB
http://mariadb.org/ has repositories
(APT,YUM) & regular downloads
OpenSUSE build service
Gentoo, FreeBSD, Homebrew, Mageia, many
distributions
http://kb.askmonty.org/v/distributions-which-include-m
35. Other branches
MariaD Percon
MySQL Percona MySQL MariaDB
B a
5.5.20 7.7M 61M 5.5.20 222299 1587843
5.5.22 16M 60M 5.5.22 438567 1540932
36. What are we missing
from Percona Server?
percona_innodb_buffer_pool_shm - requires
big shmax not default on many systems
percona_log_slow_query_log-
log_slow_verbosity - InnoDB filtering
information not fully in MariaDB
Disabled test suite is resource
37. Faster even?
read only? InnoDB/XtraDB is fine
InnoDB has higher throughput, but stalls & checkpoints w/high
write load
38. Track record
We found the latest MySQL security bug and MariaDB was first to be
patched (sql/password.c & memcmp())
We don’t like regressions
http://www.skysql.com/blogs/hartmut/nasty-innodb-regression-mysql-5525
http://www.skysql.com/blogs/kolbe/heads-no-more-query-cache-partitioned-tabl
We care about backward compatibility & introduce features carefully
XtraDB innodb_adaptive_checkpoint=none|reflex|estimate|
keep_average (no more reflex...)
39. We care about quality
Automated test suite run upon every push
Better QA & code coverage
MySQL test cases: 1,765
Percona Server test cases: 1,837
MariaDB test cases: 2,180
40. User stats plugin
Disabled by default, consider enabling it to show
use! http://mariadb.org/feedback_plugin/
data from over 85
countries!
41. We love the community
Tokutek’s TokuDB ships with MariaDB too
groonga/spider may be merged next
Multiple software packages talk about us (as
an alternative to MySQL): Drupal, MediaWiki,
Plone, phpMyAdmin, WordPress, etc.
42. Future
MySQL 5.6 just RC, we have most features in 5.5
MariaDB 10.0
new InnoDB inside MariaDB (done)
Global transaction ID support
Multi-source replication (done)
Enhanced semisync replication
Persistent InnoDB statistics (done)
Cassandra Storage Engine (done), HBase Storage Engine
virtual machine for Cassandra made by community!
43. MariaDB Galera Cluster
http://kb.askmonty.org/en/galera/
Scale your read & write Now in ALPHA!
workloads, automatically, without
the need for NDB Cluster!
