The document discusses key concepts related to gender and development including:
1) Gender and development (GAD) focuses on achieving social and gender equality by changing unequal power relations between men and women.
2) Gender roles and relations have undergone changes in recent decades due to development, but meeting resistance from tradition.
3) Social and gender analysis examines the roles and relationships of different social groups to understand inequalities.
4) The document defines important terms like sex, gender, practical and strategic gender needs and interests, and empowerment.
Presentation by Jemimah Njuki at the FAO-ILRI Workshop on Integrating Gender in Livestock Projects and Programs, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 22-25 November 2011.
Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by making women's and men's concerns an integral part of policymaking. It involves assessing how gender norms can affect development programs and identifying opportunities to address inequalities. Key aspects of gender mainstreaming include political commitment, building technical capacity, and establishing accountability measures to ensure the process transforms unequal power structures over time. The ultimate goal is to achieve equitable and sustainable development outcomes where both women and men can equally participate in and benefit from development.
Understanding how gender relations shape women’s and men’s lives is critical to disaster risk reduction (DRR). This is because women’s and men’s different roles, responsibilities, and access to resources influence how each will be affected by different hazards, and how they will cope with and recover from disaster. This presentation is part of Oxfam GB's Gender and Disaster Risk Reduction training pack available at www.oxfam.org.uk/genderdrrpack.
This document discusses understanding gender and gender concepts such as gender, sex, gender stereotypes, and gender sensitivity. It defines gender as socially constructed relationships between men and women that change over time and context. Sex refers to biological differences. Gender stereotypes produce expectations that influence behavior and stand in the way of social change. Gender sensitivity means awareness is translated into practices that change perceptions and activities to make institutions more inclusive. It discusses analyzing the gender culture of departments and comparing them. It also addresses mainstreaming gender through context-specific analysis, profiling, gender audits and indicators.
This document discusses various concepts related to gender including:
1. The differences between sex (biological) and gender (socially constructed roles and behaviors)
2. Observations about gender issues in schools including higher enrollment of girls but increased dropout rates for boys.
3. Key terms like patriarchy, class, condition, position, discrimination, double burden, feminism, and violence against women.
4. God's original intention for men and women to be equal partners in dominion over creation.
The Gender and Development (GAD) approach focuses on the socially constructed differences between men and women and challenges existing gender roles. GAD refers to development that is participatory, empowering, equitable, sustainable, respects human rights, and allows self-determination. GAD was influenced by scholars in the 1970s and departs from the previous Women in Development approach by emphasizing social relationships. GAD aims to promote equality in areas like employment, remuneration, working conditions, and decision-making. However, some criticisms argue GAD may not fully explain how social relations undermine programs or neglect the bonds between men and women.
Glossary of gender related terms and conceptsJohn Ddembe
This document provides definitions for key gender-related terms used in development work. It defines sex as the biological characteristics that define humans as male or female. Gender is defined as the socially constructed roles, relationships, and expectations for women and men in a given culture. Other terms defined include gender equality, equity, needs, interests, analysis, and mainstreaming. The document also discusses approaches like women in development, gender and development, and empowerment.
Presentation by Jemimah Njuki at the FAO-ILRI Workshop on Integrating Gender in Livestock Projects and Programs, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 22-25 November 2011.
Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by making women's and men's concerns an integral part of policymaking. It involves assessing how gender norms can affect development programs and identifying opportunities to address inequalities. Key aspects of gender mainstreaming include political commitment, building technical capacity, and establishing accountability measures to ensure the process transforms unequal power structures over time. The ultimate goal is to achieve equitable and sustainable development outcomes where both women and men can equally participate in and benefit from development.
Understanding how gender relations shape women’s and men’s lives is critical to disaster risk reduction (DRR). This is because women’s and men’s different roles, responsibilities, and access to resources influence how each will be affected by different hazards, and how they will cope with and recover from disaster. This presentation is part of Oxfam GB's Gender and Disaster Risk Reduction training pack available at www.oxfam.org.uk/genderdrrpack.
This document discusses understanding gender and gender concepts such as gender, sex, gender stereotypes, and gender sensitivity. It defines gender as socially constructed relationships between men and women that change over time and context. Sex refers to biological differences. Gender stereotypes produce expectations that influence behavior and stand in the way of social change. Gender sensitivity means awareness is translated into practices that change perceptions and activities to make institutions more inclusive. It discusses analyzing the gender culture of departments and comparing them. It also addresses mainstreaming gender through context-specific analysis, profiling, gender audits and indicators.
This document discusses various concepts related to gender including:
1. The differences between sex (biological) and gender (socially constructed roles and behaviors)
2. Observations about gender issues in schools including higher enrollment of girls but increased dropout rates for boys.
3. Key terms like patriarchy, class, condition, position, discrimination, double burden, feminism, and violence against women.
4. God's original intention for men and women to be equal partners in dominion over creation.
The Gender and Development (GAD) approach focuses on the socially constructed differences between men and women and challenges existing gender roles. GAD refers to development that is participatory, empowering, equitable, sustainable, respects human rights, and allows self-determination. GAD was influenced by scholars in the 1970s and departs from the previous Women in Development approach by emphasizing social relationships. GAD aims to promote equality in areas like employment, remuneration, working conditions, and decision-making. However, some criticisms argue GAD may not fully explain how social relations undermine programs or neglect the bonds between men and women.
Glossary of gender related terms and conceptsJohn Ddembe
This document provides definitions for key gender-related terms used in development work. It defines sex as the biological characteristics that define humans as male or female. Gender is defined as the socially constructed roles, relationships, and expectations for women and men in a given culture. Other terms defined include gender equality, equity, needs, interests, analysis, and mainstreaming. The document also discusses approaches like women in development, gender and development, and empowerment.
This document discusses gender sensitivity training and concepts of sex and gender. It defines sex as the biological traits that distinguish males and females, while gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors and attributes ascribed to each sex in a given society. The training aims to promote understanding of gender equality and equity by recognizing the different experiences of both women and men and ensuring equal rights, treatment and sharing of opportunities and resources regardless of sex.
Gender sensitivity helps reduce barriers created by sexism by generating respect for individuals regardless of sex. Gender is a social construct that specifies the roles socially and culturally expected of men and women, while sex is a biological category of male and female. Gender sensitivity involves gender awareness to clarify issues around disparities and analyze how gender shapes women's and men's roles in society and development.
The document discusses the concepts of gender, sex, and socialization. It traces the evolution of approaches to promoting gender equality from Women in Development (WID) to Gender and Development (GAD) to the current approach of Gender Mainstreaming (GM). WID focused on women's practical needs but reinforced stereotypes. GAD examined unequal power relations and gender relations but was difficult to implement. GM aims to institutionalize gender sensitivity by integrating a gender perspective into all policies from the start. However, effectively applying gender mainstreaming remains a challenge.
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts related to gender mainstreaming. It discusses:
- The definition of gender mainstreaming as developing policies, programs, and development plans from a gender equality perspective to benefit both women and men.
- The differences between women's empowerment, which targets actions specifically towards women, and gender mainstreaming, which takes a gender lens to all programs and considers their differential impacts.
- Key gender-related terms like sex, gender, gender equality, and gender equity and how they are defined.
- The importance of gender analysis and gender-responsive budgeting in mainstreaming gender and addressing inequalities.
Introduction to gender concepts drvalentine_LIVESProjectvalentinejg
This document provides an introduction to key gender concepts for a training on gender and value chains. It defines terms like gender, sex, gender roles and gender analysis. It distinguishes between gender equality and equity. It also discusses approaches to integrating gender like gender mainstreaming and differences between women in development and gender and development frameworks. Gender is defined as socially constructed characteristics of women and men, including expected roles and behaviors, and how power is distributed. The training emphasizes that addressing both practical and strategic gender needs is important to improve gender relations and empower women.
This document provides guidance on conducting a gender analysis to inform development cooperation actions. It outlines key components of a gender analysis, including: geographical and demographic analysis; analysis of home life and family structure; analysis of the sexual division of labor; analysis of socio-political participation; and analysis of access to and control over resources. Conducting a thorough gender analysis at the design phase allows development initiatives to understand different conditions faced by men and women, identify causes of inequality, and ensure actions benefit both men and women equally.
Strategy and plan of action for mainstreaming gender in ILRIILRI
1. Women comprise 43% of the agricultural workforce in developing countries and account for two-thirds of the world's 600 million poor livestock keepers. However, women have limited access to extension services, technologies, and markets.
2. Integrating gender considerations throughout the project cycle, from design to implementation to evaluation, is important for ensuring gender equality and equity outcomes.
3. ILRI aims to mainstream gender in its organizational structure, research, and partnerships to promote equality of opportunities and outcomes for women and men in the livestock sector. Key areas of focus include documenting gender evidence, collecting sex-disaggregated data, and strategic research on topics like gender and value
Gender mainstreaming involves assessing how policies and programs may differently affect men and women. It offers a pluralistic approach that values diversity among both sexes. Building supportive networks with people like friends, family, colleagues and community members can help narrow gender gaps through enabling participation and impact. Gender mainstreaming should be applied in contexts like behavior, culture and society to manifest aspects like work attitudes, virtues, and harmony.
Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by integrating gender perspectives into all policies, programs, and activities. It seeks to address inequalities that discriminate against both women and men. Gender mainstreaming is not just about improving access or balancing statistics - it targets major economic and social policies to ensure both women and men participate fully and benefit equally from development. It recognizes that gender affects lives from birth and aims to establish a balanced distribution of responsibilities between women and men through determined political action and support.
The document discusses the concept of gender mainstreaming. It began in 1985 at the Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi and was further developed by the United Nations. Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by assessing how policies, programs, and legislation will impact men and women. It seeks to make gender perspectives central to all activities from policy development to implementation. The goal is to address inequalities that discriminate against both sexes and ensure initiatives work to reduce gender inequality.
The role of gender in enhancing the development agendaJack Onyisi Abebe
Gender and development is important because it focuses on connections between gender and development initiatives and feminists’ perspectives, and deals with issues such as health and education, decision making and leadership, peace building, violence against women and economic empowerment. Development cannot be realized without the very significant component of gender. Countries the world over have proved that exclusion of women in development has rendered their development efforts futile.
by Katharine Vincent and Tracy Cull, of Kulima Integrated Development Solutions.
Created for a CCAFS Training of Trainers (ToT) on gender, climate change, agriculture, and food security in New Delhi, India, 25-26 November 2011.
This presentation discusses gender as a development issue. It aims to understand gender and development, gender discriminations and inequalities, and the importance of addressing gender issues and achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It provides data on global educational, health, economic, and political inequalities faced by women. While Bangladesh has made progress in some development indicators, it still faces challenges like lower female education rates, labor participation, and political representation. Existing policy gaps and recommendations to promote gender equality and women's empowerment are discussed to foster more inclusive development.
The document discusses the concept of Gender and Development (GAD), which emerged in the 1980s to replace the previous "women in development" focus. GAD examines how social, economic, political and cultural forces influence how men and women participate in and benefit from development. It focuses on gender relations and aims to design programs that promote gender equality and women's empowerment. The document also outlines some international policies and legislation that support GAD implementation, including CEDAW, and discusses concepts like gender, development, and gender mainstreaming.
The document discusses various concepts related to gender including:
- Gender refers to the socially constructed roles and behaviors of men and women, as opposed to sex which refers to biological differences.
- Patriarchy involves the control of women's productive labor, reproduction, sexuality, and property by men in society.
- Gender roles are expectations of how men and women should behave and the types of work they do in a society.
- Gender equality means equal status and opportunities for men and women, while gender equity recognizes different needs and may require different treatment.
- Women's empowerment involves increasing women's power and control over their lives through awareness, self-confidence, access to resources, and transforming discriminatory structures.
The document discusses issues related to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sex characteristics (SOGIESC) in the Philippines. It notes that LGBTQIA+ people experience discrimination in employment and education, as well as unfair treatment from some law enforcers and service providers. This leaves them without legal recourse. The document advocates addressing these issues by enacting anti-discrimination laws, promoting women's rights and gender equality, and upholding international and national commitments to protect SOGIESC rights. It emphasizes the importance of discussing SOGIESC to combat misconceptions and enable inclusive policies.
This document provides an overview of concepts related to gender and development (GAD) mainstreaming including key concepts like sex, gender, gender roles and characteristics. It discusses the legal bases of GAD, including international agreements like CEDAW. Gender issues like stereotyping, economic marginalization and violence against women are examined. The document also explores strategic gender needs and practical gender needs. It emphasizes that development planning should address obstacles to women's participation and expand their choices and opportunities to promote gender equality.
Gender_Concepts and Issues in Bangladesh.pptDreamEater1
This document defines key concepts related to gender, including:
- Sex refers to biological differences between males and females, while gender refers to social and cultural roles and expectations.
- Gender roles are the activities that men and women perform, which can vary by time, place and culture.
- Gender needs include both practical needs like access to resources, as well as strategic needs like control over decision making.
- Key approaches to gender issues include Women in Development (WID), which views women in isolation, and Gender and Development (GAD), which examines social relations between men and women.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to gender and development. It defines gender as a social construct that determines societally appropriate roles and behaviors for men and women, as opposed to sex which refers to biological differences. It discusses the differences between practical and strategic gender needs, and how addressing each relates to improving women's conditions versus empowering women by transforming gender relations. The document also outlines different policy approaches to integrating gender into development like WID, WAD, and GAD. It concludes by summarizing four global conferences on women and the twelve areas of concern identified at the Beijing conference in 1995.
This document discusses gender sensitivity training and concepts of sex and gender. It defines sex as the biological traits that distinguish males and females, while gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors and attributes ascribed to each sex in a given society. The training aims to promote understanding of gender equality and equity by recognizing the different experiences of both women and men and ensuring equal rights, treatment and sharing of opportunities and resources regardless of sex.
Gender sensitivity helps reduce barriers created by sexism by generating respect for individuals regardless of sex. Gender is a social construct that specifies the roles socially and culturally expected of men and women, while sex is a biological category of male and female. Gender sensitivity involves gender awareness to clarify issues around disparities and analyze how gender shapes women's and men's roles in society and development.
The document discusses the concepts of gender, sex, and socialization. It traces the evolution of approaches to promoting gender equality from Women in Development (WID) to Gender and Development (GAD) to the current approach of Gender Mainstreaming (GM). WID focused on women's practical needs but reinforced stereotypes. GAD examined unequal power relations and gender relations but was difficult to implement. GM aims to institutionalize gender sensitivity by integrating a gender perspective into all policies from the start. However, effectively applying gender mainstreaming remains a challenge.
This document provides definitions and explanations of key concepts related to gender mainstreaming. It discusses:
- The definition of gender mainstreaming as developing policies, programs, and development plans from a gender equality perspective to benefit both women and men.
- The differences between women's empowerment, which targets actions specifically towards women, and gender mainstreaming, which takes a gender lens to all programs and considers their differential impacts.
- Key gender-related terms like sex, gender, gender equality, and gender equity and how they are defined.
- The importance of gender analysis and gender-responsive budgeting in mainstreaming gender and addressing inequalities.
Introduction to gender concepts drvalentine_LIVESProjectvalentinejg
This document provides an introduction to key gender concepts for a training on gender and value chains. It defines terms like gender, sex, gender roles and gender analysis. It distinguishes between gender equality and equity. It also discusses approaches to integrating gender like gender mainstreaming and differences between women in development and gender and development frameworks. Gender is defined as socially constructed characteristics of women and men, including expected roles and behaviors, and how power is distributed. The training emphasizes that addressing both practical and strategic gender needs is important to improve gender relations and empower women.
This document provides guidance on conducting a gender analysis to inform development cooperation actions. It outlines key components of a gender analysis, including: geographical and demographic analysis; analysis of home life and family structure; analysis of the sexual division of labor; analysis of socio-political participation; and analysis of access to and control over resources. Conducting a thorough gender analysis at the design phase allows development initiatives to understand different conditions faced by men and women, identify causes of inequality, and ensure actions benefit both men and women equally.
Strategy and plan of action for mainstreaming gender in ILRIILRI
1. Women comprise 43% of the agricultural workforce in developing countries and account for two-thirds of the world's 600 million poor livestock keepers. However, women have limited access to extension services, technologies, and markets.
2. Integrating gender considerations throughout the project cycle, from design to implementation to evaluation, is important for ensuring gender equality and equity outcomes.
3. ILRI aims to mainstream gender in its organizational structure, research, and partnerships to promote equality of opportunities and outcomes for women and men in the livestock sector. Key areas of focus include documenting gender evidence, collecting sex-disaggregated data, and strategic research on topics like gender and value
Gender mainstreaming involves assessing how policies and programs may differently affect men and women. It offers a pluralistic approach that values diversity among both sexes. Building supportive networks with people like friends, family, colleagues and community members can help narrow gender gaps through enabling participation and impact. Gender mainstreaming should be applied in contexts like behavior, culture and society to manifest aspects like work attitudes, virtues, and harmony.
Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by integrating gender perspectives into all policies, programs, and activities. It seeks to address inequalities that discriminate against both women and men. Gender mainstreaming is not just about improving access or balancing statistics - it targets major economic and social policies to ensure both women and men participate fully and benefit equally from development. It recognizes that gender affects lives from birth and aims to establish a balanced distribution of responsibilities between women and men through determined political action and support.
The document discusses the concept of gender mainstreaming. It began in 1985 at the Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi and was further developed by the United Nations. Gender mainstreaming aims to promote gender equality by assessing how policies, programs, and legislation will impact men and women. It seeks to make gender perspectives central to all activities from policy development to implementation. The goal is to address inequalities that discriminate against both sexes and ensure initiatives work to reduce gender inequality.
The role of gender in enhancing the development agendaJack Onyisi Abebe
Gender and development is important because it focuses on connections between gender and development initiatives and feminists’ perspectives, and deals with issues such as health and education, decision making and leadership, peace building, violence against women and economic empowerment. Development cannot be realized without the very significant component of gender. Countries the world over have proved that exclusion of women in development has rendered their development efforts futile.
by Katharine Vincent and Tracy Cull, of Kulima Integrated Development Solutions.
Created for a CCAFS Training of Trainers (ToT) on gender, climate change, agriculture, and food security in New Delhi, India, 25-26 November 2011.
This presentation discusses gender as a development issue. It aims to understand gender and development, gender discriminations and inequalities, and the importance of addressing gender issues and achieving the Millennium Development Goals. It provides data on global educational, health, economic, and political inequalities faced by women. While Bangladesh has made progress in some development indicators, it still faces challenges like lower female education rates, labor participation, and political representation. Existing policy gaps and recommendations to promote gender equality and women's empowerment are discussed to foster more inclusive development.
The document discusses the concept of Gender and Development (GAD), which emerged in the 1980s to replace the previous "women in development" focus. GAD examines how social, economic, political and cultural forces influence how men and women participate in and benefit from development. It focuses on gender relations and aims to design programs that promote gender equality and women's empowerment. The document also outlines some international policies and legislation that support GAD implementation, including CEDAW, and discusses concepts like gender, development, and gender mainstreaming.
The document discusses various concepts related to gender including:
- Gender refers to the socially constructed roles and behaviors of men and women, as opposed to sex which refers to biological differences.
- Patriarchy involves the control of women's productive labor, reproduction, sexuality, and property by men in society.
- Gender roles are expectations of how men and women should behave and the types of work they do in a society.
- Gender equality means equal status and opportunities for men and women, while gender equity recognizes different needs and may require different treatment.
- Women's empowerment involves increasing women's power and control over their lives through awareness, self-confidence, access to resources, and transforming discriminatory structures.
The document discusses issues related to sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sex characteristics (SOGIESC) in the Philippines. It notes that LGBTQIA+ people experience discrimination in employment and education, as well as unfair treatment from some law enforcers and service providers. This leaves them without legal recourse. The document advocates addressing these issues by enacting anti-discrimination laws, promoting women's rights and gender equality, and upholding international and national commitments to protect SOGIESC rights. It emphasizes the importance of discussing SOGIESC to combat misconceptions and enable inclusive policies.
This document provides an overview of concepts related to gender and development (GAD) mainstreaming including key concepts like sex, gender, gender roles and characteristics. It discusses the legal bases of GAD, including international agreements like CEDAW. Gender issues like stereotyping, economic marginalization and violence against women are examined. The document also explores strategic gender needs and practical gender needs. It emphasizes that development planning should address obstacles to women's participation and expand their choices and opportunities to promote gender equality.
Gender_Concepts and Issues in Bangladesh.pptDreamEater1
This document defines key concepts related to gender, including:
- Sex refers to biological differences between males and females, while gender refers to social and cultural roles and expectations.
- Gender roles are the activities that men and women perform, which can vary by time, place and culture.
- Gender needs include both practical needs like access to resources, as well as strategic needs like control over decision making.
- Key approaches to gender issues include Women in Development (WID), which views women in isolation, and Gender and Development (GAD), which examines social relations between men and women.
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to gender and development. It defines gender as a social construct that determines societally appropriate roles and behaviors for men and women, as opposed to sex which refers to biological differences. It discusses the differences between practical and strategic gender needs, and how addressing each relates to improving women's conditions versus empowering women by transforming gender relations. The document also outlines different policy approaches to integrating gender into development like WID, WAD, and GAD. It concludes by summarizing four global conferences on women and the twelve areas of concern identified at the Beijing conference in 1995.
This document discusses gender and gender mainstreaming in the context of local governance. It begins by defining key terms - sex refers to biological differences while gender refers to social roles and relations between women and men that are socially constructed and can vary by culture. Gender mainstreaming is defined as making men's and women's concerns an integral part of policies across all sectors to promote gender equality and sustainable development. The document outlines how gender is learned and reinforced through socialization agents like family, school and media. It also discusses patriarchal social systems and norms that create unequal power relations between men and women. Finally, it discusses approaches to development like empowerment that aim to achieve full participation and decision making power for both women and men.
This document discusses gender and gender mainstreaming in the context of local governance. It begins by defining key terms - sex refers to biological differences while gender refers to social roles and relations between women and men that are socially constructed and can vary by culture. Gender mainstreaming is defined as making men's and women's concerns an integral part of policies across all sectors to promote gender equality and sustainable development. The document outlines how gender is learned and reinforced through socialization agents like family, school and media. It also discusses patriarchal social systems and norms that construct unequal gender roles and relations that systematically disadvantage women. Gender mainstreaming aims to address both practical and strategic gender needs through women's participation and empowerment in all areas of community life
This document provides an introduction to key concepts related to gender, including:
- The differences between sex and gender, where sex is biological and gender is socio-cultural.
- Common gender roles, stereotypes, and the gendered division of labor within societies.
- Key gender concepts like gender discrimination, gender gaps, and strategic/practical gender needs.
- The importance of gender awareness and taking gender into account in planning and policy.
The document discusses gender and development (GAD), which recognizes equal contributions of women and men in development. It defines key terms like sex, gender, and gender roles. It explains that gender roles are socially constructed while sex is biological. The gendered division of labor assigns productive, reproductive and community roles differently to women and men. The document also outlines national and global mandates supporting GAD, such as the Convention on Discrimination Against Women and the Philippine Plan for Gender-Responsive Development. It discusses how to mainstream gender in planning, policies and programs to promote equality.
This document discusses key concepts related to gender sensitivity and gender and development. It defines sex and gender, explaining that sex is biological while gender is socially constructed. It outlines how gender roles are socialized through various institutions like family, school, church and society. It also discusses the gender division of labor between productive and reproductive roles. The document then covers manifestations of gender bias like stereotyping and violence against women. It defines different types of power in relation to gender and how this impacts development. Finally, it explains the goals and importance of adopting a gender and development framework to development work in order to promote fairness, equity and empower both women and men.
What is Gender...??? Describe in detail. Gender And Sex..??? written By Rizw...Rizwan Hussainy
This document provides an overview of key concepts related to gender mainstreaming and equality, including:
1. It defines important terms like gender, sex, gender discrimination, and the differences between equality and equity.
2. It explains the shift from Women in Development (WID) approaches to Gender and Development (GAD) approaches, which focus on unequal power relations rather than just integrating women.
3. It describes the concept of gender mainstreaming as making women's and men's concerns integral to policies and programs, and outlines some of the myths and challenges related to implementation.
4. It also discusses related topics like gender needs, women's empowerment, gender planning, gender analysis, and gender-responsive
This document defines key concepts related to gender and development (GAD), including gender and development, gender equity, gender equality, and substantive equality. It discusses why gender equality is important for sustainable development and human rights. The document also addresses how gender equality concerns both women and men and can be achieved through women's empowerment and ensuring equal participation and decision making between men and women. It emphasizes the importance of integrating gender concerns through gender mainstreaming.
This document provides an overview of key gender concepts and issues. It defines terms like sex, gender, gender equality, and gender equity. It also discusses gender roles and stereotypes. The document outlines different approaches to gender and development such as welfare, women in development, and empowerment models. It notes the importance of understanding both male and female roles, needs, and perspectives to effectively promote gender equality.
This document discusses gender and development (GAD). It defines GAD as a development perspective that recognizes unequal status between women and men in society. GAD aims to achieve gender equality in development by understanding how economic and social factors impact people differently based on their gender. It focuses on addressing disparities between men and women through integrating gender perspectives into policies, programs and projects. The document also discusses the importance of GAD in promoting women's empowerment and participation in society, as well as achieving greater equality. It distinguishes between gender, which refers to social roles and identities, versus sex which is biological.
This document provides an introduction to key gender concepts. It defines gender and differentiates it from sex. Gender refers to socially constructed characteristics and roles of women and men, while sex refers to biological differences. The document outlines differences between gender and sex roles. It explores the relationship between gender and power. It also defines related terms like gender equality, equity, mainstreaming, empowerment, and analyzes approaches like gender-neutral, aware and transformative. The document discusses realities of gender disparities and potential gains from reducing them, such as increased agricultural outputs and reduced hunger. It compares Women in Development and Gender and Development approaches. Finally, it defines practical and strategic gender needs.
Glossary of gender related terms and conceptsiesjacaranda
This document provides definitions for key gender-related terms used in development work. It defines sex as the biological characteristics that define humans as male or female. Gender is defined as the socially constructed roles, relationships, and attributes ascribed to the two sexes. Other terms defined include gender equality, gender equity, practical gender needs, strategic gender interests, and gender mainstreaming. Gender analysis and how projects can be designed to be gender-neutral, gender-sensitive, or gender-transformative are also summarized.
1. Develop basic understanding and familiarity with key concepts- gender, gender bias, gender stereotype, empowerment, gender parity, equity, and equality, patriarchy and feminism;
2. Understand the gradual paradigm shift from women’ studies to gender studies and some important landmarks in connection with gender and education in the historical and contemporary period;
3. Learn about gender issues in school, curriculum, textual materials across disciplines, pedagogical processes and its intersection with class, caste, religion and region; and
4. Understand how gender, power and sexuality relate to education (in terms of access, curriculum and pedagogy).
Gender refers to the roles and responsibilities of men and women that are created in our families, our societies and our cultures. The concept of gender also includes the expectations held about the characteristics, aptitudes and likely behaviours of both women and men (femininity and masculinity). Gender roles and expectations are learned. They can change over time and they vary within and between cultures. Systems of social differentiation such as political status, class, ethnicity, physical and mental disability, age and more, modify gender roles. The concept of gender is vital because, applied to social analysis, it reveals how women’s subordination (or men’s domination) is socially constructed. As such, the subordination can be changed or ended. It is not biologically predetermined nor is it fixed forever.
The document provides an overview of course content for a class on gender and youth in value chains. The course covers topics such as gender analysis frameworks, gender mainstreaming in value chain management, and related policy issues. Assessment will be based on continuous assessments (50%) and a final exam (50%). Key concepts discussed in Chapter 1 include the differences between gender and sex, gender roles and identities, and approaches to promoting women's development including Women in Development (WID), Women and Development (WAD), and Gender and Development (GAD).
This document discusses gender sensitization and related topics. It begins by defining key terms like gender, sex, and gender roles. It explores how gender roles are socially constructed and can vary by culture. It then discusses topics like gender stereotypes, discrimination, mainstreaming gender for equality, and challenges like the gender wage gap. Violence against women and gender-based issues are also examined. The importance of gender sensitivity, women's empowerment and education are emphasized for promoting equitable societies.
The document discusses various concepts related to gender, including:
- The difference between gender and sex, with gender referring to social relations and roles that can change over time.
- Types of gender discrimination and how women often have less access and control over important resources.
- The different gender roles expected of men and women in societies and the "triple role" many women play.
- The distinction between practical and strategic gender needs and how strategic needs challenge existing power structures.
- The shift from focusing only on women (WID) to addressing unequal gender relations between men and women (GAD).
- Key aspects of gender mainstreaming like making gender concerns integral to all policies, programs, and institutions.
This document discusses the concepts of gender, gender roles, and development. It defines key terms like gender, sex, and gender roles. The main points are:
1. Gender refers to the social and cultural construction of differences between men and women, including norms, behaviors and expectations. Sex refers to biological differences.
2. Gender roles and expectations are learned through socialization and can vary across cultures and over time. Gender is socially constructed while sex is biological.
3. Gender dynamics refer to relationships and interactions between men and women that are informed by socio-cultural ideas about gender and power relationships. Gender is constructed through these dynamics in society, schools, and other institutions.
1. Important Gender and Development Concepts 39
Important Gender and Development
Concepts
Gender and development
The main objectives of a Gender and Development approach (GAD) are to strengthen the effectiveness
of development work in improving the situation of both women and men, and achieving progress
towards social and gender equality. The focus is on social and gender equality as an objective, rather
than women as a target group.
GAD focuses on the relationship between men and women in the community and on the unequal rela-
tions of power between them. The GAD approach aims for development that changes gender relations
in order to enable women to participate and benefit on an equal basis with men. It is not a new app-
roach but builds on the efforts and experience gained over the last three decades in development
2. 40 Improving Livelihoods in the Uplands of the Lao PDR
Changes in gender identity and
gender relations
Gender roles and characteristics in almost all
societies have undergone many recent adjust-
ments and changes in response to development,
technological change and globalisation, which
have led to massive economic and social
changes in all parts of the world. Changes in
gender roles and relations often meet
resistance, particularly in the form of tradition.
Social and gender analysis can demonstrate
that change in certain aspects of social roles
and relations between women and men can
improve the quality and conditions of life for
everyone.
Social and gender analysis
Social and gender analysis attempts to
understand the roles of different social groups,
(including women and men) in relation to what
they do in the village and in relation to the
resources they have.There is also a need to
understand gender relations: how women and
men relate to one another and who makes
decisions over which resources.
work to understand and improve the position
of women and disadvantaged groups in the
community.
Based on this experience there has been:
Discrimination and the
constitution
Article 24 in the Constitution adopted by the
National Assembly in 1991 is very clear on
gender discrimination and states that:
'Discrimination is interpreted as any
distinction, exclusion or restriction, made on
the basis of sex, which has the effect or
purpose of impairing the recognition of
rights and freedoms in the political,
economic, social, cultural or other field.'
A shift in understanding of gender equality.
Recognition that gender equality is
integral to development goals.
Realisation that previous approaches were
not really changing the position of women
or improving gender equality.
This means:
Ensuring that forestry and agricultural
extension work not only responds to
differences in needs and interests of
women and men but seeks to increase
gender equality, by empowering women
(where women are at a disadvantage).
Gender differences relevant to an initiative
should be identified, not only to improve
efficiency but also to identify the
inequalities that constrain women from
participating and benefiting on an equal
basis with men.
The Lao Women's Union
(LWU)
The LWU is a mass organisation for women
in the Lao political system. It has an
organisational network from the central level
down to the grass roots level, serving as a
bridge between the party and the
government and Lao women of various
ethnic groups and social strata. It has a long
history rooted in political mobilisation and,
rural development and is now also taking on
gender advocacy.
Gender refers to social attributes learned when
growing up as a member of a community.
3. Important Gender and Development Concepts 41
While carrying out social and gender analysis
increases knowledge of social and gender
roles, inequalities and different impacts, this
alone will not automatically bring about
change.The results of social and gender analy-
sis should be used to bring about necessary
changes in relation to planning, priorities,
choice of methods, division of labour and
implementation of activities.
Social and gender analysis identifies the roles,
relations, responsibilities, access to and control
over resources, decision-making and power, as
well as the needs and potentials of different
social groups of both women and men. Social
and gender analysis is not limited only to the
social sectors, but can also be used at all levels
and areas of village development.
Sex and gender
Sex refers to the biological differences be-
tween men and women, which are universal
and do not change. Gender refers to social
attributes that are learned when growing up as
a member of a community. Because these
attributes are learned behaviours, they can and
do change over time. In addition, they vary
between different cultures and ethnic groups.
Gender therefore refers to the socially given
attributes, roles, activities, responsibilities and
needs connected to being men (masculine)
and women (feminine) in a given society at a
given time. Women’s and men's gender identity
determines how they are perceived and how
they are expected to think and act as men and
women. Gender is one of the variables (along
with ethnicity, age and class) used in the
distribution of privilege, prestige, power and a
range of social and economic resources.
Sexual division of labour
In all communities, tasks and responsibilities
are typically undertaken by either women or
men. This allocation of activities on the basis of
sex is known as the sexual division of labour,
and is learned and clearly understood by all
members of that community.
Whyaresomejobsconsidered
‘feminine’andothers
‘masculine’?
4. 42 Improving Livelihoods in the Uplands of the Lao PDR
Productive work
This is work that produces items for
consumption by the household and goods and
services for exchange in the market place. Both
men and women contribute to family income
with various forms of productive work, although
men usually dominate in productive work.
Reproductive work
This work involves all the tasks associated with
supporting the immediate and extended
family, young and old. It includes childcare, food
preparation, care for the sick or old,
socialisation of the young, and so on. Reproduc-
tive work is the basis of productive work.
Women of all ages are mainly responsible for
this work, which is usually unpaid.
Practical gender needs and
interests
Women and men have different roles and
responsibilities and therefore have different
needs and interests.
Access and control over
resources
When examining how resources are allocated
between women and men, it is important to
distinguish between access
to resources (e.g.
land, labour,
credit, income)
and control over
them. Access gives
a person the use of
a resource, e.g. land
to grow crops.
Control allows a
person to make
decisions about who
uses the resource or
to dispose of the
resource, for instance by
selling the land.
Community work
This work involves activities for the village -
usually voluntary unpaid work, such as
organising festivals or ceremonies, receiving
visitors, or maintaining a village resource, such
as a well.
5. Important Gender and Development Concepts 43
In most cases, the empowerment of women
requires change in the division of labour and
transformation of society.
Gender equity
Gender equity is concerned with promoting
personal, social, cultural, political and
economic equality for all. Traditions and
discriminatory practices have resulted in the
systematic devaluation of attitudes, activities
and abilities attributed to, and associated with,
girls and women. The consequences of these
discriminatory practices negatively affect men
Practical gender needs and interests relate to
living conditions. Women may identify safe
water, food security, health care and cash
income as immediate needs which they must
meet. Meeting these practical needs is essen-
tial to improving living conditions, but does not
in itself change the position women have in
the village.
Strategic gender needs and
interests
Strategic gender interests relate to issues of
power and control and the division of labour.
They may include:
Changes in the division of labour (women
to take on work not traditionally seen as
women's work, men take more
responsibility for child care and domestic
work).
Legal rights.
An end to domestic violence.
Equal wages.
Women's control over their own bodies
(family planning).
They are not as easily identified as the practical
needs and interests, therefore specific support
and opportunities to do so may have to be
provided and facilitated from outside.
Empowerment
Empowerment is about women or men
developing their ability to:
Collectively and individually take
control over their own lives.
Identify their needs and agendas.
Demand support from their com-
munities and the state to see that
their interests are responded to.
6. 44 Improving Livelihoods in the Uplands of the Lao PDR
as well as women. Initially however, gender
equity initiatives will place greater emphasis
on improving conditions and attitudes as they
affect girls and women. In the long-term, these
initiatives will also improve the situation for
boys and men.
For more information regarding tools for
carrying out Social and Gender Analysis please
refer to "Field Guide Gender and Develop-
ment", Lao-Swedish Forestry Programme, June
2001. NAFRI/Ministry of Agriculture and
Forestry. Vientiane.
Extracted from:
Lao-Swedish Forestry Programme. 2001. Field
Guide Gender and Development. Ministry of
Agriculture and Forestry. Vientiane.
ImprovingLivelihoodsintheUplandsofthe
Lao PDR was produced in 2005 by NAFRI,
NAFES and NUOL.