4. Model of the basic neural systems control of emotions
Filtering and Evaluation Effectors
Neocortical
processing
Skeletomotor and
Periphery
Stimulus
Autonomic control
Subcortical
processing
5. Theory of Emotion <1800
Cognition
1
2
3
Conation/Affect Response
Stimulus
6. Theory of Emotion: James Lange 1884
4
Cognition Affect
3
1 2
Conation Response
Stimulus
19. Kluver Bucy Syndrome 1939
Bilateral removal of the temporal
lobes in monkeys—including the
amygdala and the hippocampal
formation, as well as the nonlimbic
temporal cortex
the monkeys, which had been
quite wild before the procedure,
became tame and fearless and their
emotions flattened
Mouthing, Hypersexuality,
compulsive visual attention
35. What is Stress?
•Stress is reaction to something considerd
a challenge or a threat.
•Anything that causes a change in your
life causes stress
•Stress is a natural way for us to adjust to
changes so we can keep in balance
•Change may be real or virtual, good or
bad
36. STRESS EVENT VALUES
1. DEATH OF SPOUSE 100
2. DIVORCE 60
3. MENOPAUSE 60
4. SEPARATION FROM LIVING PARTNER 60
5. JAIL TERM OR PROBATION 60
6. DEATH OF CLOSE FAMILY MEMBER OTHER THAN SPOUSE 60
7. SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY OR ILLNESS 45
8. MARRIAGE OR ESTABLISHING LIFE PARTNERSHIP 45
9. FIRED AT WORK 45
10. MARITAL OR RELATIONSHIP RECONCILIATION 40
11. RETIREMENT 40
12. CHANGE IN HEALTH OF IMMEDIATE FAMILY MEMBER 40
13. WORK MORE THAN 40 HOURS PER WEEK 35
14. PREGNANCY OR CAUSING PREGNANCY 35
15. SEX DIFFICULTIES 35
16. GAIN OF NEW FAMILY MEMBER 35
17. BUSINESS OR WORK ROLE CHANGE 35
18. CHANGE IN FINANCIAL STATE 35
19. DEATH OF A CLOSE FRIEND (not a family member) 30
20. CHANGE IN NUMBER OF ARGUMENTS WITH SPOUSE OR LIFE PARTNER 30
21. MORTGAGE OR LOAN FOR A MAJOR PURPOSE 25
22. FORECLOSURE OF MORTGAGE OR LOAN 25
23. SLEEP LESS THAN 8 HOURS PER NIGHT 25
24. CHANGE IN RESPONSIBILITIES AT WORK 25
25. TROUBLE WITH IN-LAWS,OR WITH CHILDREN 25
26. OUTSTANDING PERSONAL ACHIEVEMENT 25
27. SPOUSE BEGINS OR STOPS WORK 20
28. BEGIN OR END SCHOOL 20
29. CHANGE IN LIVING CONDITIONS (visitors in the home, change in roommates, remodeling house) 20
30. CHANGE IN PERSONAL HABITS (diet, exercise, smoking, etc.) 20
31. CHRONIC ALLERGIES 20 32.TROUBLE WITH BOSS 20 33.CHANGE IN WORK HOURS OR CONDITIONS 15
32. MOVING TO NEW RESIDENCE 15 35.PRESENTLY IN PRE-MENSTRUAL PERIOD 15
33. CHANGE IN SCHOOLS 15
34. CHANGE IN RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES 15
35. CHANGE IN SOCIAL ACTIVITIES (more or less than before) 15
36. MINOR FINANCIAL LOAN 10
37. CHANGE IN FREQUENCY OF FAMILY GET-TOGETHERS 10
38. VACATION 10
39. PRESENTLY IN WINTER HOLIDAY SEASON 10
40. MINOR VIOLATION OF THE LAW 5
38. Acute stress
•Acute stress is the reaction to an
immediate threat, commonly known as
the fight or flight response. The threat
can be any situation that is
experienced, even subconsciously or
falsely, as a danger.
– noise,
– crowding,
– isolation,
– hunger,
– danger,
– infection,
– imagining a threat or
remembering a dangerous
event.
45. Other effect of Stress
Stroke
Susceptibility to infection
Immune disorders
Cancer
GI Problems
Endocrine problem
Metabolic problem
46. Who are at risk?
Psychological -Early nurturing, Personality trait
Genetic factor
Immunological
Age – Young and old
Sex - Women
Social – minorities, single
Economical - poor
Education – Less educated
Geographical – Cities
47. Work Risk Factors
Having no participation in decisions that affect
one's responsibilities.
Unrelenting and unreasonable demands for
performance.
Lack of effective communication and conflict-
resolution methods among workers and
employers.
Lack of job security.
Long hours.
Excessive time spent away from home and
family.
Office politics and conflicts between workers.
Wages not commensurate with levels of
responsibility.
51. Identify the magnitude of problem
Identify sources of stress,
Questioning the Sources of
Stress.
how serious a problem stress is
for you. Do you feel under
constant stress, or is it 'on
and off'?
try to decide if you are under
more stress now than you
were a year or two ago. If
you are, have the pressures
changed, or just your attitude
toward them?
52. Learn to handle stress
Talking about your problems
Learn to recognize when you are coming under stress
Look at the list of things that cause you stress
When dealing with a major problem, try to break it down into smaller
parts
Schedule your time realistically
53. Handling stress
Take occasional short breaks from your work
Learn how to relax. One way is to practice doing certain things
slowly
Learn to say no
Develop other interests that will help you forget about your
problems for a while
Consider outside help, such as counseling or group 'clinics
