This document discusses research on using ultrasonography techniques to analyze cultural heritage textiles in the context of the circular economy. The researchers used ultrasonography to examine a 100-year-old embroidered Romanian peasant blouse to identify defects not visible to the naked eye. Ultrasonography revealed gaps, interruptions and other issues in the fabric's material density. The cotton material could then be reconditioned by recycling cotton yarns from other degraded textiles. This helps preserve cultural heritage objects while reducing environmental impact compared to producing new cotton fibers. The study aims to highlight methods for assessing, conserving and reconditioning cultural textiles within a circular economy approach focused on waste reduction and reuse.
Textile Industry: Weaving Threads of Innovation and SustainabilityMarkCummins4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter of the Knitwear Industry since 1987 when its pioneers Late Mr. Muhammad Sultan Chandna (Father) and Muhammad Kamran Chandna (Son) together established a Knitted garments factory on a very small scale. Main customers were from USA, due to acceptable quality and reasonable prices, the quantum of orders from the customers increased day by day. Today Chandna Corporation stands as a complete vertical setup with all the processing units in one premises having capacity of 600,000 garments per month.
Chandna Corporation is associated with Knitwear Industry since 1987 when its pioneers Late Mr. Muhammad Sultan Chandna (Father) and Muhammad Kamran Chandna (Son) together established a Knitted garments factory on a very small scale. Main customers were from USA, due to acceptable quality and reasonable prices, the quantum of orders from the customers increased day by day. Today Chandna Corporation stands as a complete vertical setup with all the processing units in one premises having capacity of 600,000 garments per month.
The Weaving of Prosperity: A Deep Dive into the Textile IndustryMarkCummins4
The textile industry, often referred to as the backbone of civilization, is a tapestry of history, culture, and economic dynamism. This global giant has evolved over millennia, transitioning from manual craftsmanship to high-tech production hubs. In this article, we will unravel the intricate threads of the textile industry, exploring its rich history, modern transformations, sustainability challenges, and the promise it holds for the future.
Unraveling the Threads: The Dynamics and Evolution of the Textile Industryzarajan4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter in the knitwear industry. With years of experience and expertise, they produce high-quality knitwear products that are both comfortable and stylish. Their production facilities are equipped with the latest technology and machinery, allowing them to efficiently produce a wide range of knitwear products such as sweaters, cardigans, tops, dresses, and more. They also have a highly skilled and dedicated team of professionals who oversee every aspect of the production process, ensuring that each garment meets their high standards of quality.
Unraveling the Threads: The Dynamics and Evolution of the Textile IndustryMarkCummins4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter in the knitwear industry. With years of experience and expertise, they produce high-quality knitwear products that are both comfortable and stylish. Their production facilities are equipped with the latest technology and machinery, allowing them to efficiently produce a wide range of knitwear products such as sweaters, cardigans, tops, dresses, and more. They also have a highly skilled and dedicated team of professionals who oversee every aspect of the production process, ensuring that each garment meets their high standards of quality
upcycling used garments to recreate sustainable fashion designs treated by s...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Upcycled garments can have that independent appeal. No matter whom the designer is or what styling options designers choose, these upcycled fashion garments and accessories are by nature one-of-a kind. Finishing of textile fabric is carried out to increase attractiveness and/or serviceability of the fabric. Different finishing treatments are available to get various effects, which add value to the basic textile material, which can be better solutions for sustainable fashion. The sustainable fashion was achieved to a certain extent by using available materials to its ultimate usage, using waste material, recycling of the products, planning second life for the fashion product, slowing down the fashion etc. The main idea to do so is to develop more sustainable and responsible designs. This paper is not just about recycled clothes but about fashion, recycling, upcycling, adding value and uniqueness by the resulting one-of-a-kind design available for women to purchase in any retail store. Create nine designs using waste garments treated by soil release finishing agent as a source of sustainable fashionable designs.
Textile Industry: Weaving Threads of Innovation and SustainabilityMarkCummins4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter of the Knitwear Industry since 1987 when its pioneers Late Mr. Muhammad Sultan Chandna (Father) and Muhammad Kamran Chandna (Son) together established a Knitted garments factory on a very small scale. Main customers were from USA, due to acceptable quality and reasonable prices, the quantum of orders from the customers increased day by day. Today Chandna Corporation stands as a complete vertical setup with all the processing units in one premises having capacity of 600,000 garments per month.
Chandna Corporation is associated with Knitwear Industry since 1987 when its pioneers Late Mr. Muhammad Sultan Chandna (Father) and Muhammad Kamran Chandna (Son) together established a Knitted garments factory on a very small scale. Main customers were from USA, due to acceptable quality and reasonable prices, the quantum of orders from the customers increased day by day. Today Chandna Corporation stands as a complete vertical setup with all the processing units in one premises having capacity of 600,000 garments per month.
The Weaving of Prosperity: A Deep Dive into the Textile IndustryMarkCummins4
The textile industry, often referred to as the backbone of civilization, is a tapestry of history, culture, and economic dynamism. This global giant has evolved over millennia, transitioning from manual craftsmanship to high-tech production hubs. In this article, we will unravel the intricate threads of the textile industry, exploring its rich history, modern transformations, sustainability challenges, and the promise it holds for the future.
Unraveling the Threads: The Dynamics and Evolution of the Textile Industryzarajan4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter in the knitwear industry. With years of experience and expertise, they produce high-quality knitwear products that are both comfortable and stylish. Their production facilities are equipped with the latest technology and machinery, allowing them to efficiently produce a wide range of knitwear products such as sweaters, cardigans, tops, dresses, and more. They also have a highly skilled and dedicated team of professionals who oversee every aspect of the production process, ensuring that each garment meets their high standards of quality.
Unraveling the Threads: The Dynamics and Evolution of the Textile IndustryMarkCummins4
Chandna Corporation is a leading manufacturer and exporter in the knitwear industry. With years of experience and expertise, they produce high-quality knitwear products that are both comfortable and stylish. Their production facilities are equipped with the latest technology and machinery, allowing them to efficiently produce a wide range of knitwear products such as sweaters, cardigans, tops, dresses, and more. They also have a highly skilled and dedicated team of professionals who oversee every aspect of the production process, ensuring that each garment meets their high standards of quality
upcycling used garments to recreate sustainable fashion designs treated by s...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Upcycled garments can have that independent appeal. No matter whom the designer is or what styling options designers choose, these upcycled fashion garments and accessories are by nature one-of-a kind. Finishing of textile fabric is carried out to increase attractiveness and/or serviceability of the fabric. Different finishing treatments are available to get various effects, which add value to the basic textile material, which can be better solutions for sustainable fashion. The sustainable fashion was achieved to a certain extent by using available materials to its ultimate usage, using waste material, recycling of the products, planning second life for the fashion product, slowing down the fashion etc. The main idea to do so is to develop more sustainable and responsible designs. This paper is not just about recycled clothes but about fashion, recycling, upcycling, adding value and uniqueness by the resulting one-of-a-kind design available for women to purchase in any retail store. Create nine designs using waste garments treated by soil release finishing agent as a source of sustainable fashionable designs.
I was invited to have a critical discussion on the ethics and political issues of the fashion industry and discuss the WEAR Sustain project aims and activities.
A presentation for Research in Humanities and the Arts 2017 (DRHA): DataAche, Plymouth, UK - on the WEAR Sustain EU funded project progress, challenges and values on ethical and sustainable wearable technologies and e-textiles.
In September, at the third annual Green Carpet FashionLizbethQuinonez813
I
n September, at the
third annual Green
Carpet Fashion
Awards Italia, fiber
producer Aquafil
provided a design showstop-
per—a sustainable carpet
made with Econyl regener-
ated nylon that is created
from discarded fishing nets
and other nylon waste.
Covering Milan’s Piazza
della Scala, the green carpet
spanned more than 21,000
square feet and welcomed
celebrity guests including
Vogue editor-in-chief Anna
Wintour, fashion designer
Stella McCartney, actor
Colin Firth and actress
Sophia Loren.
The event celebrated fash-
ion houses’ commitment to
sustainability as they work to
embrace rapid change while
preserving the heritage and
authenticity of small-scale
producers. As in previous
years, the Econyl carpet was
produced in collaboration
with the Danish Company,
European manufacturer Ege
Carpets, and for the second
year, designed by Vogue
Editor Hamish Bowles.
“We are privileged to
partner with the Green
Carpet Fashion Awards
Italia for the third year run-
ning”, said Giulio Bonazzi,
Aquafil president and CEO
“Honoring the endless possi-
bilities offered by our Econyl
regenerated nylon, which
can be used both in fashion
and design, Aquafil is turn-
ing a waste problem into
exceptional solutions.”
Each year in the U.S., four
billion pounds of carpet
is tossed in landfills. Most
carpets are made primarily
from finite resources such as
oil-based plastics that could
be recycled, yet only 5% of
carpet waste is recycled. To
tackle the issue, Aquafil’s
Econyl fiber is 100% regen-
erated nylon yarn from
waste that is used widely in
commercial carpeting. To
make its fiber, the company
rescues waste from a number
of sources including fishing
nets, carpets, fabric scraps
and industrial plastic.
To help these recycled
fibers, Aquafil has a carpet
recycling plant in Phoenix
that opened in 2018 and has
the capacity to collect and
aQUaFiL WriTEs a nEW sTOrY
ECOnYL rEgEnEraTEd nYLOn OFFErs OFFErs
arCHiTECTs and dEsignErs nEW sOLUTiOns
Above: The NeoCon 2019
Plaza featured carpet tile
designed and supplied by
Interface and made with
Econyl yarn.
28 December 2019 + floortrendsmag.com
treat 35 million pounds of
carpet each year. Econyl con-
tributes to LEED v4 points
in four main categories:
Integrative Process
Aquafil shares its knowl-
edge and experience creating
sustainable materials with
project teams to collectively
enhance human comfort and
environmental benefits.
• Indoor Environmental
Quality—Econyl is a low-
VOC emitting material.
• Materials and Resources—
In terms of Building Life
Cycle Impact Reduction,
Econyl has an 80% reduc-
tion on global warming
potential compared to
virgin nylon. And regarding
Sourcing of Raw Materials,
Econyl comes from 100%
waste material of which a
minimum of 50% post-
consumer waste is certified.
• Innovation—Econyl fos-
ters advancement of the
circular economy through
nylon regeneration, going
beyond recycling ...
Design and Materials Selection: analysis of similar sanitary pads for daily useIJERA Editor
Hygiene practices have effects on vulvovaginal microbiota. Specific products for intimate female hygiene are available in the market, such as the sanitary pads. Since these pads were introduced in the market , they became the focus of research that seek to improve their shape, manufacturing processes and the properties of materials used in order to provide more benefits to users. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the fabrics used in daily sanitary pads, focusing on the development of future products. The spectra generated by FTIR/ATR suggest that the samples were composed of polypropylene. The photomicrographs showed that the polymeric outer layer was made of nonwoven fabric manufactured by spunbond and point bonding processes.
Service Design for the Future of Textile Artisans' Communities: An Enabling E...Loughborough University
Overview of my PhD at Loughborough Design School (UK), within the AHRC Design Star CDT. The overall aim is to explore how service design can contribute to encourage textile artisans' communities towards a sustainable future.
Vanderveer Designers recently traveled to the Techtextil exhibit in Frankfurt to see where the industry is heading with new substances and developments in technical textiles. Our team was inspired by the wide range of applications — from fashion and clothing to architecture, healthcare, the outdoors and automotives. Once again, we have left with many new creative and innovative ideas. In part, thanks to the awesome presentations given by @nextnaturenetwork. Until next year!
I was invited to have a critical discussion on the ethics and political issues of the fashion industry and discuss the WEAR Sustain project aims and activities.
A presentation for Research in Humanities and the Arts 2017 (DRHA): DataAche, Plymouth, UK - on the WEAR Sustain EU funded project progress, challenges and values on ethical and sustainable wearable technologies and e-textiles.
In September, at the third annual Green Carpet FashionLizbethQuinonez813
I
n September, at the
third annual Green
Carpet Fashion
Awards Italia, fiber
producer Aquafil
provided a design showstop-
per—a sustainable carpet
made with Econyl regener-
ated nylon that is created
from discarded fishing nets
and other nylon waste.
Covering Milan’s Piazza
della Scala, the green carpet
spanned more than 21,000
square feet and welcomed
celebrity guests including
Vogue editor-in-chief Anna
Wintour, fashion designer
Stella McCartney, actor
Colin Firth and actress
Sophia Loren.
The event celebrated fash-
ion houses’ commitment to
sustainability as they work to
embrace rapid change while
preserving the heritage and
authenticity of small-scale
producers. As in previous
years, the Econyl carpet was
produced in collaboration
with the Danish Company,
European manufacturer Ege
Carpets, and for the second
year, designed by Vogue
Editor Hamish Bowles.
“We are privileged to
partner with the Green
Carpet Fashion Awards
Italia for the third year run-
ning”, said Giulio Bonazzi,
Aquafil president and CEO
“Honoring the endless possi-
bilities offered by our Econyl
regenerated nylon, which
can be used both in fashion
and design, Aquafil is turn-
ing a waste problem into
exceptional solutions.”
Each year in the U.S., four
billion pounds of carpet
is tossed in landfills. Most
carpets are made primarily
from finite resources such as
oil-based plastics that could
be recycled, yet only 5% of
carpet waste is recycled. To
tackle the issue, Aquafil’s
Econyl fiber is 100% regen-
erated nylon yarn from
waste that is used widely in
commercial carpeting. To
make its fiber, the company
rescues waste from a number
of sources including fishing
nets, carpets, fabric scraps
and industrial plastic.
To help these recycled
fibers, Aquafil has a carpet
recycling plant in Phoenix
that opened in 2018 and has
the capacity to collect and
aQUaFiL WriTEs a nEW sTOrY
ECOnYL rEgEnEraTEd nYLOn OFFErs OFFErs
arCHiTECTs and dEsignErs nEW sOLUTiOns
Above: The NeoCon 2019
Plaza featured carpet tile
designed and supplied by
Interface and made with
Econyl yarn.
28 December 2019 + floortrendsmag.com
treat 35 million pounds of
carpet each year. Econyl con-
tributes to LEED v4 points
in four main categories:
Integrative Process
Aquafil shares its knowl-
edge and experience creating
sustainable materials with
project teams to collectively
enhance human comfort and
environmental benefits.
• Indoor Environmental
Quality—Econyl is a low-
VOC emitting material.
• Materials and Resources—
In terms of Building Life
Cycle Impact Reduction,
Econyl has an 80% reduc-
tion on global warming
potential compared to
virgin nylon. And regarding
Sourcing of Raw Materials,
Econyl comes from 100%
waste material of which a
minimum of 50% post-
consumer waste is certified.
• Innovation—Econyl fos-
ters advancement of the
circular economy through
nylon regeneration, going
beyond recycling ...
Design and Materials Selection: analysis of similar sanitary pads for daily useIJERA Editor
Hygiene practices have effects on vulvovaginal microbiota. Specific products for intimate female hygiene are available in the market, such as the sanitary pads. Since these pads were introduced in the market , they became the focus of research that seek to improve their shape, manufacturing processes and the properties of materials used in order to provide more benefits to users. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the fabrics used in daily sanitary pads, focusing on the development of future products. The spectra generated by FTIR/ATR suggest that the samples were composed of polypropylene. The photomicrographs showed that the polymeric outer layer was made of nonwoven fabric manufactured by spunbond and point bonding processes.
Service Design for the Future of Textile Artisans' Communities: An Enabling E...Loughborough University
Overview of my PhD at Loughborough Design School (UK), within the AHRC Design Star CDT. The overall aim is to explore how service design can contribute to encourage textile artisans' communities towards a sustainable future.
Vanderveer Designers recently traveled to the Techtextil exhibit in Frankfurt to see where the industry is heading with new substances and developments in technical textiles. Our team was inspired by the wide range of applications — from fashion and clothing to architecture, healthcare, the outdoors and automotives. Once again, we have left with many new creative and innovative ideas. In part, thanks to the awesome presentations given by @nextnaturenetwork. Until next year!
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
Follow us on: Pinterest
Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024
06 dorinacameliailies industriatextila1_2021 (1)
1. See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349749410
Research for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context of the
circular economy
Article in Circular Economy and Sustainability · February 2021
DOI: 10.35530/IT.072.01.1807
CITATIONS
0
READS
36
14 authors, including:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
Image processing and analysis of elements from folk costumes View project
scanning software View project
Dorina Ilies
University of Oradea
68 PUBLICATIONS 707 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
Liliana Indrie
University of Oradea
45 PUBLICATIONS 174 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
Mihai Florin Marcu
University of Oradea
47 PUBLICATIONS 231 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
Adina Victoria Albu
University of Oradea
24 PUBLICATIONS 28 CITATIONS
SEE PROFILE
All content following this page was uploaded by Mihai Florin Marcu on 06 February 2022.
The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.
2. INTRODUCTION
When thinking about the textile industry for the past
century, it should be mentioned that most of the gar-
ments have been reused and recycled, as the tech-
nological process to obtain them was difficult and
time consuming, but the materials were of natural
provenance. In this manner, the impact over the envi-
ronment was minimum, natural materials decom-
posed easily and there were no questions if the nat-
ural resources would be exhausted although the
society was intensively using them. Amid the aggres-
sive promotion of the consumer society, the world is
currently witnessing, the increase of the moral per-
ishability process of textile products, despite the fact
that physically and functional they meet all the
requirements. Scientists figured out that a linear
economy is no longer sustainable for the society and
the circular economy flourished, proving real benefits
both for now and for the future. Nevertheless, in the
last few years, due to a growing awareness of the
environmental issues, there has been a considerable
interest in repair, maintenance, recycling and regen-
eration of the products. Some designers and produc-
ers have adopted techniques such as refurbishment,
restyling and clothing redesigning, additional decora-
tions and overlapping, patchworks, in order to restore
used fabrics, increasing its value and delaying the
removal from the landfill of waste. The study case is
represented by an element of textile heritage, respec-
tively an embroidered peasant blouse (“ie”) around
100 years old from Bihor County, Romania (figure 1).
The embroidered peasant blouse (“IA”), part of the
cultural heritage, represents an essential clothing
component of the Romanian folk costume, incorpo-
rating a multitude of defying aspects for the specific
identity of the local, especially rural, respectively of
the geographical and historical space where it
Research for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context
of the circular economy
DOI: 10.35530/IT.072.01.1807
DORINA CAMELIA ILIEȘ MONICA COSTEA
MIHAELA CRISTINA LITE ADINA VICTORIA ALBU
LILIANA INDRIE PAUL SZABO-ALEXI
FLORIN MARCU ALPHONSE SAMBOU
CĂLIN MOȘ GRIGORE VASILE HERMAN
MĂDĂLINA ROPA TUDOR CACIORA
BOGDAN STURZU NICOLAIE HODOR
ABSTRACT – REZUMAT
Research for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context of the circular economy
The heritage woven objects could be analyzed for defects hidden to the naked eye using non-invasive and
non-destructive ultrasonography techniques. Ultrasonography is able to offer information about altered areas, such as
gasps, interruptions, discontinuances, narrowed areas, fiber breaks, different densities of the material, defects caused
by natural or anthropic factors: improper storage and exposure conditions, the presence of microorganisms and traces
of their activity, mechanical causes etc. By recycling of the cotton fibers from other decrepit materials, which are not
directly usable, the recondition and rendition of the national and world cultural heritage of these refurbished objects
would be accomplished. The impact on the environment is diminished compared to the case when new cotton fibers are
created.
Keywords: cultural heritage, ultrasonography, recycling, circular economy
Investigații privind conservarea patrimoniului cultural în contextul economiei circulare
Textilele de patrimoniu ar putea fi analizate în ceea ce privește unele defecte care nu pot fi văzute cu ochiul liber, prin
folosirea tehnicilor de ultrasonografie non-invazive și non-destructive. Ultrasonografia este capabilă să ofere informații
despre zonele modificate, precum adâncituri, întreruperi, discontinuități, zone înguste, rupturi de fibre, diferite densități
ale materialului, defecte cauzate de factori naturali sau antropici: condiții de depozitare și expunere necorespunzătoare,
prezența microorganismelor și urme ale activității lor, cauze mecanice etc. Prin reciclarea fibrelor de bumbac din alte
materiale uzate, care nu sunt direct utilizabile, s-ar putea realiza recondiționarea articolelor deteriorate, obiectele
recondiționate putând fi redate patrimoniului cultural național și mondial. Impactul asupra mediului este diminuat în
comparație cu cazul în care sunt create noi fibre de bumbac.
Cuvinte-cheie: patrimoniu, ultrasonografie, reciclare, economie circulară
50
industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1
˘
Special issue on Circular economy
3. appeared and evolved [1, 2]. There has been a while
when, either from ignorance or carelessness, the
embroidered peasant blouses were thrown away to
the garbage can, as they were not “fashionable any-
more”. The disappearance of the custom of wearing
embroidered peasant blouses represents a dramatic
period for the Romanian traditional art. The major
fashion houses started to be inspired by the patterns
and motifs sewn once on the traditional costumes,
including the Romanian ones. In the last few years,
the embroidered peasant blouses have experienced
a delightful come back. Famous designers have
brought on the fashion catwalk the Romanian
embroidered peasant blouse. Once returned” in
trends”, the famous blouse of the traditional folk cos-
tume gained the attention of the Romanian women
as well. The embroidered peasant blouses started to
be reused, to be reconditioned, even workshops
were created where women are learning how to cre-
ate an embroidered peasant blouse. The old embroi-
dered peasant blouses are different from the ones
that are now being worked in series to be marketed,
because they are made of cotton cloth different in
texture from the present ones. For the assessment of
the fibrillary structure of the fabric’s identification of
visible and less visible defects on naked eye of the
textile materials, the use of high ultrasonography has
been tried. Common in medicine, it can also con-
tribute to the analysis of other structures that can be
penetrated by ultrasounds. Modern ultrasounds are
equipped with high resolution (high frequency) suit-
able to qualitative analysis of superficial structures,
such as fabrics. The extremely high resolution of the
obtained images gives the possibility of a fine analy-
sis of the structure of the yarns of a woven material.
CASE STUDY
Literature review
The circular economy proposes a different approach
based on the reuse and recycling of the goods
instead of disposing them as soon as there are no
longer useful [3, 4]. There is a major link between
circular economy and sustainable development as
circular economy embraces the principles of sustain-
able development, having its starting point in the
Agenda [4, 5]. Mostly CE it is referred as cyclical
closed – loop system which could solve the linear
economy environmental issues [6, 7]. The interest for
the circular economy is high among scholars from dif-
ferent domains due to the benefits it brings to the
modern society and the perspective for the future [8].
Large sports equipment companies have started
using recycling since 2010 to create highly perform-
ing sports equipment with the least impact on the
environment [9, 10].
The purpose of the present study is to highlight new
methods and techniques for investigating some ele-
ments of textile heritage for the assessments of their
condition, conservation and reconditioning, in the
context of imposing a new conceptual approach to
the circular economy, focused on volume reduction of
waste, recycling and reuse [11–21]. The present
study is a continuation of others scientific approach-
es that had as subject different elements of textile
heritage [22–29].
Method
X-radiography tools used for textile contributes to a
good documentation for a better condition assess-
ment and for the preserving of the objects, being a
non-invasive and non-destructive technique; the
analysis and interpretation of the obtained images
highlight certain details and the hidden characters of
the textile material, the techniques of sewing and
weaving, repair, use, patterns of decay and dating,
through digital image manipulation and interpretation
[30]. Such techniques have been successfully used
in the analysis of textile on the mummies in Peru,
within the Peruvian Institute of Bioanthropology [31],
Utrcht Museum being a pioneer in introducing the
public in the use of X-rays in research [31]. As an
objective method of analyzing the integrity of the fab-
ric we used ultrasonography, a Samsung RS 80
(Samsung Healthcare Ultrasound) device, equipped
with high resolution linear probes: L3-12A probe, with
variable frequency up to 12MHz, respectively LA4-
18B probe, with variable frequency up to 18MHz.
Results and discussions
At a frequency of 15–18 MHz, high-frequency ultra-
sonography achieves an axial resolution (the possi-
bility to distinguish two points perpendicular to the
plane of the ultrasound waves) of 100 μm/pixel and a
lateral resolution (the possibility to distinguish two
points in the plane parallel to the ultrasound waves)
of 90 μm/pixel, which can be used to differentiate cer-
tain lesions and interruptions in mass of material larg-
er than 0.1 mm [32].
The study object is an embroidered peasant blouse
around 100 years old from Bihor County, Romania
(figure 1). The aim was to identify on the ultrasound
images the interrupted, thin threads or the presence
of larger defects inside the fabric, the lack of homo-
geneity of the material and respectively the presence
51
industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1
˘
Fig. 1. The geographical location of the area of origin
of the traditional women’s shirt “ie”
4. of several gaps in its mass (figures 2 and 3). It is pos-
sible to identify and interpret, monitor and map the
degraded and vulnerable areas, where the density of
the material is different from the average, where
there are gaps in the mass of the material, broken,
broken or thinned fibers, etc. In the future, an objec-
tive method of analysis will be refined regarding the
examination protocol: choosing the place where the
examination will be carried out; the surface of the fab-
ric examined; meticulous identification and quantifi-
cation of defects identified in the field and use of sta-
tistical methods.
The cotton material of the embroidered peasant
blouse could be reconditioned on the areas thus
identified and which requires it, with the use of a sim-
ilar or even identical raw material by recycling/regen-
erating the cotton yarns from other materials, not
recoverable for direct use [33, 34].
52
industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1
˘
CONCLUSIONS
The circular economy proposes a different approach
based on the reuse and recycling of the goods
instead of disposing them as soon as there are no
longer useful so that the impact on the environment
is greatly diminished. This is successfully implement-
ed by the major fashion houses in the world, but also
in the field of high-performance sports. The non-inva-
sive and non-destructive technique of monitoring and
interpreting the images obtained by ultrasonography
(including textile materials) has proved very useful in
evaluating the state of the objects, identifying, quan-
tifying, interpreting material defects (gaps, broken
fibers, thinned etc.) for good preservation by recy-
cling/regenerating textile fibers from other end-of-life
materials, but which can be used successfully for
reconditioning and reinvents the materials for future
generations.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The research was possible by equal scientific involvement
of all authors. The authors wish to thank to anonymous
reviewer for their thoughtful suggestions and comments
and to acknowledge the support of the Grant PN-III-P1-1.2-
PCCDI-2017-0686.
Fig. 2. Clinical echography images of the fabric of the traditional shirt (“ie”)
Fig. 3. Photo of deteriorated fabric of traditional shirt (“ie”)
REFERENCES
[1] Gutarowska, B., Pietrzak, K., Machnowski, W., Milczarek, J.M., Historical textiles – a review of microbial
deterioration analysis and disinfection methods, In: Textile Research Journal, 2016, 87, 19, 2388–2406
[2] Kumar, R.A., Sathya, R.I., Importance of digitization process in textiles, In: International Journal of Innovative
Research in Computer and Communication Engineering, 2015, 3, 7, 7011–7015
[3] Patrizia, G., Ulgiati, S., Managing the transition to the circular economy, Part VI draft chapter, 2015, Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335475059_Managing_the_transition_to_the_circular_economy
[Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[4] Cepolina, S.E., Textile and clothing industry: an approach towards sustainable life cycle production, In: International
Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 2022, 3, 1, 7–13
[5] Valavanidis, A., Concept and Practice of the Circular Economy. Turning goods at the end of their service life into
resources, closing loops in industrial ecosystems and minimizing waste, Available at: https://www.researchgate.
net/publication/326625684_Concept_and_Practice_of_the_Circular_Economy [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[6] Murray, A., Skene, K., Haynes, K., The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and
Application in a Global Context, In: Journal of Business Ethics, 2017, 140, 3, 369–380
[7] Alcayaga, A., Hansen, E.G., Smart Products as Enabler for Circular Business Models: the Case of B2B Textile
Washing Services, 3rd PLATE 2019 Conference, Berlin, Germany, 18–20 September 2019, Available at:
5. 53
industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1
˘
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336073114_Smart_Products_as_Enabler_for_Circular_Business_Model
s_the_Case_of_B2B_Textile_Washing_Services [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[8] Wilson, L., The sustainable future of the Scottish textiles sector: challenges and opportunities of introducing a
circular economy model, In: Textiles and Clothing Sustainability, 2015, 1, 1, 5
[9] Nike News, Nike’s Football Kits are Made of Recycled Plastic Bottles, 2018, Available at: https://news.nike.com/
news/sustainability-football-kits [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[10] Ling, K., Recycled Plastics Industry Scores ‘Gooooal!’ at World Cup, 2010, Available at: https://archive.nytimes.
com/www.nytimes.com/gwire/2010/07/09/09greenwire-recycled-plastics-industry-scores-gooooal-at-w-42896.html
[Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[11] United Nations, Transforming our world: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, 2015
[12] European Commission, COM 2014-398 final, Towards a circular economy: a zero waste program for Europe,
Bruxelles, 2014
[13] European Commission, COM 2015-614 final, Closing the loop – an EU action plan for the circular economy,
Bruxelles, 2015
[14] MacArthur Foundation, The concept of circular economy, regenerative economy, 2010, Available at:
https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/circular-economy/concept [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[15] MacArthur Foundation, Towards a circular economy: business rationale for an accelerated transition, 2015,
Available at: https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/TCE_Ellen-MacArthur-Foundation-9-
Dec-2015.pdf [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[16] Popescu, D.I., Social Responsibility and Business Ethics: VII. Circular Economy and the Role of Corporate Social
Marketing, In: Calitatea, 2018, 19, 163, 118-121
[17] De Wit, M., Hoogzaad, J., Ramkumar, S., Friedl, H., Douma, A., The Circularity Gap Report: An analysis of the
circular state of the global economy, In: Circle Economy: Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2018
[18] Moraga, G., Huysveld, S., Mathieux, F., Blengini, G. A., Alaerts, L., Van Acker, K., Dewulf, J., Circular economy
indicators: What do they measure?, In: Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2019, 146, 452–461
[19] Păcurariu, R.L., Nan, L.M., Bîrgovan, L.A., David, M., Geanina, C., Implementarea economiei circulare în industria
textilă, In: Review of Management & Economic Engineering, 2019, 18, 4
[20] Hartley, K., van Santen, R., Kirchherr, J., Policies for transitioning towards a circular economy: Expectations from
the European Union (EU), In: Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 2020, 155, 104634
[21] Migliore, M., Oberti, I., Talamo, C., Circular Economy and Recycling of Pre-consumer Scraps in the Construction
Sector. Cross-Sectoral Exchange Strategies for the Production of Eco-Innovative Building Products, In:
Regeneration of the Built Environment from a Circular Economy Perspective, Springer, Cham, 2020, 217–228
[22] IIieș, D.C., Oneț, A., Wendt, J. A., Ilieş, M., Timar, A., Ilieș, A., Herman, G. V., Study on microbial and fungal
contamination of air and wooden surfaces inside of a historical Church from Romania, In: Journal of Environmental
Biology, 2018, 39, 6, 980–984
[23] Ilieș, D.C., Onet, A., Marcu, F., Gaceu, O., Timar, A., Baias, S., Ilies, A., Herman, G.V., Costea, M., Tepelea, M.,
Josan, I., Wendt, J., Investigations on air quality in the historic wooden church in Oradea city, Romania, In:
Environmental engineering and management journal, 2018, 17, 11, 2731–2739
[24] Ilieș, D.C., Indrie, L., Wendt, J., Ilieș, A., Gaceu, O., Demenchuk, E., Marcu, F., Burtă, L., Baidog, A., Albu, A.,
Herman, G.V., Axinte, A., SEM investigations on old maps with canvas support. In: Proceedings of the International
Conference TexTeh IX. Advances textiles for a better world, 2019, ISSN 2068-9101, 153–157
[25] Ilieș, D.C., Oneț, A., Herman, G., Indrie, L., Ilieș, A., Burtă, L., Gaceu, O., Marcu, F., Baias, Ș., Caciora, T., Marcu,
A.P., Oana, I., Costea, M., Ilieș, M., Wendt, J., Mihincău, D., Exploring the indoor environment of heritage buildings
and its role in the conservation of valuable objects, In: Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 2019,
18, 12, 2579–2586
[26] Ilies, D.C., Herman, G.V., Caciora, T., Ilies, A., Indrie, L., Wendt, J., Axinte, A., Diombera, M., Lite, C., Berdenov, Z.,
Albu, A., Considerations Regarding the Research for the Conservation of Heritage Textiles in Romania,
IntechOpen, Waste in Textile and Leather Sectors, 2020, 185–207, http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91393
[27] Ilieș, D.C., Indrie, L., Ilieș, A., Marcu, F., Axinte, A., Burtă, L., Herman, G.V., Atasoy, E., Baidog, A., Iovan, C., Albu,
A., Costea M. Wendt, J.A., Investigations of aged textiles using scanning electron microscopy, In: Journal of
Environmental Biology, 2020, 41, 2, 99–504
[28] Marcu, F., Ilieș, D.C., Wendt, J., Indrie, L., Ilieș, A., Burta, L., Caciora, T., Herman, G.V., Todoran, A., Baias, S., Albu,
A., Gozner, M., Investigations regarding the biodegradation of cultural heritage. Case study of traditional
embroidered peasant shirt (Maramures, Romania), In: Biotehnological Letters, 2020, 25, 2, 1362–1368
[29] Oneț, A., Ilieș, D.C., Ilieș, A., Herman, G.V., Burtă, L., Marcu, F., Buhaș, R., Caciora, T., Baias, Ș., Oneț, C., Ilieș,
M., Lincu, A., Indoor air quality assessment and its perception. Case study – historic wooden church, Romania, In:
Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 2020, 3, 1547–1551
[30] Calvert, S., Power, J., Ryall, H., Bills, P., Reconstructing textile heritage, In: Journal of Writing in Creative Practice,
2014, 7, 3, 415–425
6. 54
industria textila 2021, vol. 72, no. 1
˘
Authors:
DORINA CAMELIA ILIEȘ1, MIHAELA-CRISTINA LITE2,3, LILIANA INDRIE4, FLORIN MARCU5,
CĂLIN MOȘ5, MĂDĂLINA ROPA6, BOGDAN STURZU1, MONICA COSTEA7, ADINA VICTORIA ALBU4,
PAUL SZABO-ALEXI1, ALPHONSE SAMBOU8, GRIGORE VASILE HERMAN1, TUDOR CACIORA1,
NICOLAIE HODOR9
1University of Oradea, Faculty of Geography, Tourism and Sport, 1st University Street, Oradea, 410087, Romania
e-mail: iliesdorina@yahoo.com, bogdan_sturzu_laurentiu@yahoo.com, anamaria_lazuran@yahoo.com,
pszabo@uoradea.ro, grigoreherman@yahoo.com
2National Research and Development Institute for Textiles and Leather,
16 Lucretiu Patrascanu street, 030508, Bucharest, Romania
e-mail: cristina.lite@incdtp.ro
3Politehnica University of Bucharest, 1-7 Gheorghe Polizu street, 011061, Bucharest, Romania
4University of Oradea, Faculty of Energy Engineering and Industrial Management, Department of Textile,
Leather and Industrial Management, 4 B.St. Delavrancea street, 410058, Oradea, Romania
e-mail: liliindri@yahoo.com, adina_victoria@yahoo.com
5University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, Romania
e-mail: mfmihai27@yahoo.com, drmoscalin@yahoo.com
6National College „Avram Iancu” Ștei, Bihor, Romania
e-mail: madalinaropa@yahoo.com
7Faculty of Environmental Protection, University of Oradea, 26 Gen. Magheru street, 410048, Oradea, Romania
e-mail: costea.monica@yahoo.it
8University of Ziguinchor, Training and Research Unit of Economic and Social Sciences,
Department of Tourism, Senegal
e-mail: asambou@univ-zig.sn
9Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Geography, 5-6 Clinicilor Street, Cluj Napoca, Romania
e-mail: nicolaiehodor@ubbcluj.ro
Corresponding author:
TUDOR CACIORA
e-mail: tudor.caciora@yahoo.com
[31] O’Connor, S., Brooks, M., X-Radiography of Textiles, Dress and Related Objects, 2007, 359, Available at:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/38141670_X- [Accessed on January 31, 2020]
[32] Shung, K., Cannata, J., Zhou, M.Q., Lee, J,. High frequency ultrasound: A new frontier for ultrasound, In: Annual
International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, Minneapolis, USA, 2009
[33] Inferrera, A., Fibre tessili riciclate e rigenerate: é davvero moda etica sostenibile?, 2019, Available at:
https://concosalometto.com/2019/01/29/fibre-tessili-riciclate-rigenerate-moda-etica-sostenibile [Accessed on
January 31, 2020]
[34] Deac, L.A., Gozner, M., Sambou A., Ethnographic museums in the rural areas of Crișana region, Romania –
keepers of local heritage, tradition and lifestyle, In: GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 2019, 27, 4, 1251–1260,
http://doi.10.30892/gtg.27411-430
View publication stats
View publication stats