0400 Series - Safetydfsdfsdf Fencing & Parapets.doc

257467/HWY/HWA/201/A May 2010
C:tempwindows20240228044832_c8d03a8824034f03adab1fa3f2d08ba070dc0f6e0400series-safetyfencingparapets-
240228044832-0b99c790.doc
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Lashkar Gah to Gereshk Road Improvements
Contract 2: Chah-e Anjir to Gereshk
Part II(A) Employer’s Requirements - Section 6.2 Specification
0400 Safety Fencing and Parapets
0401: Scope ....................................................................................2
0401.01 Terms and definitions........................................................2
0401.02 General .............................................................................2
0402: Performance Criteria.............................................................2
0402.01 Containment level .............................................................2
0402.02 Maintenance requirements ...............................................3
0402.03 Geometry ..........................................................................3
0402.04 Movement joints................................................................3
0403: Steel Components.................................................................4
0403.01 Materials and fabrication...................................................4
0403.02 Installation.........................................................................4
0403.04 Finish.................................................................................4
0404: Concrete Components ..........................................................4
0404.01 Materials and construction ................................................4
0405: Parapet Anchorage Systems ................................................5
0405.01 General .............................................................................5
0405.02 Use of resin.......................................................................5
0405.03 Drilling holes into concrete................................................6
0406: Fabrication and Construction Drawings................................6
0407: Appearance...........................................................................7
0407.01 General .............................................................................7
0407.02 Steel parapets...................................................................7
0408: Temporary safety barriers.....................................................7
0409: On Site Testing of Post Foundations & Anchorages ............8
0409.01 Post foundations ...............................................................8
0409.02 Post anchorages ...............................................................8

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0401: Scope
0401.01 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this Specification the following definitions apply:
(a) Safety Barrier: Road vehicle restraint system installed alongside of a road
(b) Parapet: Safety barrier installed on the edge of a bridge or on a retaining wall or similar structure
where there is a vertical drop of more than 1.0m, and which may include additional
protection and restraint for pedestrians and other road users
(c) Guardrail: Horizontal rail of a parapet or safety barrier.
(d) Approach Railing: A safety barrier which is provided at the beginning of a bridge parapets
(e) End Treatment: A safety barrier which is provided at the departure end of a bridge parapet
(f) Post Support: Post supports on bridge decks also are referred to as anchorage systems and
posts supports embedded in soil are also referred to as post foundations.
(g) Safety Fencing: A Safety Barrier which is installed alongside a section of road where the vertical
drop behind the safety barrier is less than 1.0m.
(h) Temporary Safety
Barrier:
A Safety Barrier used for traffic management during the construction of the works
and which is removed by the Contractor at completion of the works.
0401.02 General
The Contractor shall propose, supply and install suitable safety barrier systems including Approach
Railings and end treatments at locations and in accordance with the details and dimensions shown on the
Drawings or as directed by the Engineer. The proposed safety barrier systems shall comply with Section
13 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification.
0402: Performance Criteria
The following performance criteria apply to parapets and safety fencing, approach railings and end
treatments.
0402.01 Containment level
Any proposed safety barrier system shall provide vehicle containment equivalent to test level 4 (TL4) as
defined in Section 13 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification.
The bridge design as specified within the contract documents accommodates design forces to test level 4
as specified in Section 13 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specification. If the Contractor proposes a

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safety barrier system accommodating a containment level greater than TL 4, he shall demonstrate by
calculation that the bridge deck can accommodate the respective design forces or shall propose an
alternative design in accordance with Series 0100 of the Specification.
0402.02 Maintenance requirements
(a) Durability
All components of a permanent steel safety barrier system shall be designed to achieve a serviceable life
of not less than 20 years and for concrete barriers 50 years
(b) Replacement of damaged sections on bridge structures
Any safety barrier shall be designed to allow replacement of locally damaged areas. Detailed proposals by
the Contractor are subject to review and approval by the Engineer.
0402.03 Geometry
Any parapet which provides containment to both pedestrians and vehicles shall provide a minimum post
height of 1m.
0402.04 Movement joints
Movement joints are required which coincide with deck movement joints. Rail joints of safety barrier
systems shall be capable of accommodating movement as shown in Table 0402/1.
Table 0402/1: Rail joints allowing for movement with 60ºC temperature range
Continuous section of Parapet (m) Rail joint allowing for movement (mm)
Up to 10 6
Up to 20 12
Up to 30 18
Up to 40 24
Up to 50 30
Up to 60 36

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0403: Steel Components
0403.01 Materials and fabrication
Fabricated steel components shall meet the requirements in clause 20.2.1.1 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge
Construction Specification and where applicable AASHTO designation M180-98 or equivalent.
0403.02 Installation
Steel posts shall be erected and fixed as shown on the Drawings. Unless otherwise approved by the
Engineer, posts founded in soil shall be installed by driving them into the ground, preferably by a
mechanical post driver.
The posts, spacer blocks (if applicable) and horizontal rails shall be erected and set true to line and level,
so that the rails will be at the required height above the level of the completed road shoulder.
All safety barriers shall be so erected as to have no projecting ends that might interfere with or endanger
traffic. The edges and the centre of the guardrails shall touch either the spacer block or the post where no
spacer blocks are used.
Parapets shall be provided with approach railings and end treatments. All bolts shall be tightened and
unless otherwise directed by the Engineer and spot-welded to protect against theft.
Reflective plates shall be fixed in accordance with the details shown on the Drawings. The reflective
surfaces shall be arranged with the colours as shown on the Drawings.
0403.04 Finish
(a) Galvanising
All steel parapet components including bolts, nuts and washers shall be galvanised with a hot-dip
(galvanised) zinc coating, which complies with the requirements of AASHTO designation M232M/97 or
equivalent. Galvanised safety barriers shall not be nested when stacked for storage.
0404: Concrete Components
0404.01 Materials and construction
(a) General
The Contractor shall conform to clause 20.3 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specification.
(b) Formwork requirements for Concrete railings and parapets
Forms shall be smooth, tight-fitting and rigid with neatly mitred corners. Concrete railings and parapets
shall be placed after the falsework for the supporting span is released. Forms shall be removed without

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damaging the concrete. The finish to all corners shall be true, clean-cut and free from cracks, spalls or
other defects.
Precast railing members shall be cast in mortar-tight forms. Precast members shall be removed from
moulds as soon as the concrete has sufficient strength to be self-supporting. The edges and corners shall
be protected from chipping, cracking and other damage. The concrete shall be cured according to Series
1700. The curing period may be shortened, as approved by the Engineer by using moist heat, type III
Portland cement, or water reducing agents.
0405: Parapet Anchorage Systems
0405.01 General
Any parapet anchorage system shall be able to resist the design forces defined in Section 13 of AASHTO
LRFD Bridge Design Specification. The fixing bolts of the post fixing systems shall be designed to fail first
out of all components.
Parapet post cradle system shall be installed on the bridge deck sections and wing wall areas. The
Contractor shall propose cradle systems to suit to parapet manufacturers requirements.
Should parapet post resin anchorage systems be required, the Contractor shall conform to the
following:
(ii) The Installation of resin anchored fixings shall utilise proprietary products, materials and
methods suitable for highway works and for the conditions set out below.
(iii) The suitability of the resin anchor system proposed by the Contractor shall be agreed with
the Engineer before use within the works.
(iv) Installation shall strictly follow the methods and working procedures specified by the
proprietary product manufacturer. The Contractor shall ensure that adequate preparations are
made to undertake work involving resin grouting to avoid inconsistent results.
(v) The Contractor shall conform to sub-sections 0405.02 and 0405.03.
0405.02 Use of resin
The resin shall be capable of achieving the loads and factors of safety required by the parapet system.
To enable adequate setting of the resin, the temperature range of the concrete in which the resin is injected
into must be between +5°C and 40°C. For setting of resin below +5°C approval of Engineer is required.
Resin shall be non expansive, corrosion resistant and compliant with AASHTO M 235 or ASTM M 235-03.
The resin grout shall be stable over the temperature range of -30°C and +60°C and be resistant to
mechanical and chemical degradation under normal service conditions.

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The compressive strength of the resin grouts shall be a minimum of 70 N/mm2 and the tensile strength of
resin grout shall be a minimum of 10 N/mm2.
The resin shall pass the testing as specified in sub-section 0409.02.
0405.03 Drilling holes into concrete
The Contractor shall identify the location of the existing reinforcement prior to the commencement of drilling
operations. The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to avoid the existing reinforcement and shall
not cut through existing reinforcement unless instructed by the Engineer.
Hole diameters for resin fixings shall be suitable for the type of fixing and resin to be accommodated.
Drilling shall be carried out by means of rotary percussive equipment. Diamond coring shall be employed
only for cutting through reinforcement and cored holes shall be roughened by mechanical means after
completion. Only drilling techniques shall be employed.
Holes shall be cleared by air flush as drilling proceeds and at no time shall clearing out by water flush be
permitted. Measures shall be taken to prevent ingress of water until installation of the fixings.
Before and after drilling holes the Contractor shall ensure that the existing concrete is sound, by visual
inspection of the general condition of the concrete, and free from significant defects such as loose fractures
and voids. Any such defects to be brought to the attention of the Engineer. Any defective holes shall be
re-drilled in new locations. Before installation of the working anchors, 5No. test anchors will be installed
and tested to verify the strength of the existing concrete of the structure.
After drilling, holes shall be free of all contaminants including dust and water before injecting grout. The
Contractor shall ensure that grout fills the hole entirely without air voids following insertion of the anchor
bolt, and that the anchor bolt is fully coated by the grout. Excess grout shall be removed immediately.
The Contractor shall not insert anchor bolts or use grout after the gel time, and shall not disturb the
completed installation until the grout is fully cured. Gel times and curing times as stated by the product
manufacturer will depend on concrete temperature and therefore temperature shall be recorded during
installation.
Resin anchored fixings shall not be fixed until the Engineer has inspected the holes and approval for fixing
has been given.
0406: Fabrication and Construction Drawings
The Contractor shall provide fabrication and construction drawings for any proposed system which will
state the fulfilled specification requirements and relevant standards. Where systems with posts are
proposed, the drawings shall also show the type of post support with its installation details.

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0407: Appearance
0407.01 General
The completed system shall have a neat appearance and shall not show any visible deviations from line
and grade. Any damage to the surface shall be repaired at the Contractor's expense.
0407.02 Steel parapets
Posts shall be straight and vertical. The guardrails shall not be warped but shall be in a vertical plane
parallel to the road centre line except at flared terminal sections. The galvanised surface on the guardrail
shall be smooth and continuous and free from abrasions or scratches.
0408: Temporary safety barriers
The Contractor shall install and maintain temporary traffic control devices adjacent to and within the project
as required by the traffic management plan. Temporary safety barrier shall be installed and maintained as
follows:
(a) Supply and install traffic control devices before the start of construction operations.
(b) Install only those traffic control devices needed for each stage or phase.
(c) Relocate temporary traffic control devices as necessary.
(d) Remove devices that no longer apply to the existing conditions.
(e) Immediately replace any device that is lost, stolen, destroyed, or inoperative.
(f) Keep temporary traffic control devices clean.
(g) Provide and maintain temporary safety barriers that meet the "acceptable" standard described in Quality
Standards for Work Zone Traffic Control Devices published by ATSSA and amended as follows:
(1) Repair or remove and replace "marginal" devices within 48 hours; and
(2) Repair or remove and replace "unacceptable" devices immediately.
(h) Remove all temporary traffic control devices upon contract completion or when approved.
(i) Provide temporary safety barriers that meet the NCHRP Report 350, Recommended Procedures for the
Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features, for crashworthiness standards as applicable.

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0409: On Site Testing of Post Foundations & Anchorages
0409.01 Post foundations
The Contractor shall provide all the requirements for the testing of safety barrier posts and post
foundations. The Contractor shall allow in his rates for the testing of post foundations at the rate of one per
100 m for each individual length of barrier. For sections of barrier less than 100m in length, two (2) posts
shall be tested. The Contractor shall agree the precise locations for test foundations with the Engineer.
Upon completion of loading tests the Contractor shall remove the test posts and foundations and reinstate
the finished ground to meet the requirements of the contract.
0409.02 Post anchorages
(a) General
One anchorage on the inside face at each post location shall be tested. This rate of testing may be
reduced subject to a minimum sample of 12 successful tests and with the approval of the Engineer.
The test force shall be equal to 10 percent above the ultimate factored design tensile load to be resisted by
the fixing and shall be measured by means of a precision load cell which has an accuracy of 1% with a
range of 25% greater than the anticipated load.
Each tested reinforcement bar shall be loaded incrementally in tension in up to the test load. The number
of load increments shall not be less than 10. Incremental loads shall be held for not less than 30 seconds
and the test load for not less than 5 minutes.
Readings shall be taken immediately after applying load and at the ends of the time intervals stated above.
Any evidence of slip during loading up to the test load, as demonstrated by a significant change in the
slope of the load/extension curve, shall constitute a failure.
(b) Additional Testing requirements for Resin anchorage systems
The Contractor shall demonstrate that the anchored fixings are capable of developing the full characteristic
tensile strength of the bar as follows:
The measurement of pullout movement shall be by means of a dial gauge measuring to 0.1mm.
Five tests will initially be carried out on trial anchorages. The number of subsequent load tests will be
equivalent to the percentage of the total number of anchorages proposed by the Contractor in the works,
subject to a minimum of 3 anchorages for the type of anchorage.
An anchor shall be deemed to be satisfactory if the displacement when the load is held is no more than the
lesser of 1mm or 5% of the bar diameter.

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The residual displacement of the resin anchored reinforcement shall not exceed 0.1 mm. Should the
displacement be in excess of 0.1 mm a second cycle of the test load should be applied to the tested resin
anchored reinforcement. The Contractor should record the results of both tests, but the displacement of
the second test should be used as the result. Should the residual displacement of the second test be in
excess of 0.1 mm the result should be referred to the Engineer for acceptance.

0400 Series - Safetydfsdfsdf Fencing & Parapets.doc

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