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June 2012



  A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to
        Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Data from Aberdeen’s October 2011 report, Business Intelligence                                                            Analyst Insight
Enhancements in Retail, indicates that for 62% of retailers, escalating big data-                                          Aberdeen’s Insights provide the
related complexities within their enterprises makes day-to-day decision-                                                   analyst's perspective on the
making and creating a single view of the product and customer an arduous                                                   research as drawn from an
task. The problem is not just data aggregation but also lack of real-time                                                  aggregated view of research
access to customer and business information. This impedes customer-                                                        surveys, interviews, and
centricity and business process continuity. Another roadblock for retailers                                                data analysis
is also the volume, sources, complexity, and velocity of data. Aberdeen's                                                  Big Data in Retail Defined
latest April 2012 survey of 50 retail enterprises shows that 70% of retailers                                              Big data in retail and consumer
are currently grappling with, on average, at least eight disparate sources of                                              markets refers to the overall
business and customer data (both structured and un-structured) within their                                                size or extent of active data an
organization. Such data variability fluctuates quite a bit due to seasonality,                                             organization stores, as well as
number of Stock Keeping Units (SKUs), and types of customers.                                                              the size of the data sets it uses
                                                                                                                           for its business intelligence and
The collection and analysis of customer and business data, from its raw form                                               analysis. Big data is also used to
of analytical data to its polished form of predictive Business Intelligence (BI)                                           describe the common
helps to increase precision and real-time retailing. This includes: product                                                difficulties associated with this
innovation, supply chain, pricing, customer engagement, promotions and                                                     active data: size or extent
marketing, and other value chain areas. The benefits associated with real-                                                 (storing and accessing the data),
time and precision retailing can be realized at every stage of the cross-                                                  speed (how fast the data must
channel retail lifecycle - from product design stage to customer fulfillment,                                              be captured, processed,
and loyalty creation. This Analyst Insight addresses the aforementioned                                                    analyzed and delivered),
                                                                                                                           complexity (the sophistication
complexities and benefits, and identifies a best practices roadmap that
                                                                                                                           and level of detail in the data
enables companies to apply big data initiatives for real-time customer                                                     analysis), and types (the
engagement and agile operations. Four main issues are also addressed:                                                      number of different formats the
      •     Cross-channel impact of big data                                                                               data takes).

      •     Consumer pressures and organizational challenges surrounding big
            data
      •     Capabilities and enablers to tame big customer and business data
      •     Actionable recommendations for overcoming big data complexities

The Cross-Channel Impact of Big Data
For today's consumer, who has multi-faceted channel and shopping
preferences, retailers need to be prepared at all times to provide one view
of the customer and product across all channels. However, this has not
been easy for a majority of retailers. The need for addressing big data is a

This document is the result of primary research performed by Aberdeen Group. Aberdeen Group's methodologies provide for objective fact-based research and
represent the best analysis available at the time of publication. Unless otherwise noted, the entire contents of this publication are copyrighted by Aberdeen Group, Inc.
and may not be reproduced, distributed, archived, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent by Aberdeen Group, Inc.
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 2




cross-channel challenge and a transformation need for retailers. Consider
the following trends:
    •   The rise in digital retailing. Online (used by two-thirds of
        retailers) and mobile commerce (used by one-third of retailers)
        have given consumers increased amounts of product information
        and ease of access to competitive alternatives. For instance,
        smartphone-based UPC scanning capabilities, as well as mobile
        search engine accessibility, has allowed both new and existing
        customers to closely examine product price and details to make a
        more immediate and informed decision within and outside the four
        walls of a store. Retailers are challenged to compete with this reality
        by offering a more personalized, digital retailing experience or lose
        out to a competitor.
    •   In-store transformation. The proliferation of retail categories in        "Impact is more from lack of
        non-traditional retail formats (such as Wal-Mart’s in-store banking,      analysis / learning from big data
        optometry, and hair salon offerings) pressure these organizations to      than from data issues
        further scrutinize their customer base to match established               themselves."
        purchase patterns with new purchase patterns. Moreover, multiple
                                                                                  ~Vice-President, Logistics,
        store formats appeal to product affinity and preferences of multiple
                                                                                  Large Apparel Retailer, North
        customer segments. Customer segmentation requires re-thinking of
                                                                                  America
        existing store models, precision merchandising, and inventory
        localization requirements.
    •   Voice retailing integration. The increased use of voice retailing
        by a third of retailers provides not just another channel sales avenue
        but also valuable information about customer experience before,
        during, and after a sale. This information yields important clues
        about future purchasing patterns across all channels. A stated focus
        on electronics, for example, may yield success in the cross-selling of
        extension cords, batteries, and other accessories online or in the
        store.
    •   An extended supply chain. Two-thirds of retailers are far from
        creating a unified view of product and customer data across all
        channels to understand category-level affinity and preferences. A
        unified view of product, order management, and customer data also
        aids accurate and timely supply chain planning and logistics to deliver
        the right product, at the right place, at the right time. Aberdeen's
        March 2012 Best-in-Class Strategies to Overcome Disconnected
        Customer Experience report indicates that only a third of retailers
        overall are sharing customer and product information across all
        channels to create one view of the product and customer. Upon
        taking a deeper look, retailers find that creating a customer-centric
        and localized assortment-mix (71%), shelf-level inventory
        optimization (65%), and product innovation (60%) are the most
        affected value chain competencies due to big data issues. This means
        that while retailers want to be more customer-centric, addressing
        big data issues is "front and center" in the way of cross-channel
        customer-centric retailing.
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
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Need for Increased Consumer Insights is Paramount
As detailed in the previous section, as customer shopping options and
channels proliferate, 59% of retailers are compelled to respond to the need
for creating granular consumer insights in areas such as; cross-channel
buying behavior, share of wallet, market basket analysis, and segmentation
strategies (Figure 1).

Figure 1: Lack of Consumer Insights is a Top Market Pain-Point

    Need to increase overall consumer
                                                                          59%
                 insight
   Need to improve speed of access to
                                                                  45%
         relevant business data
Need to move beyond data integration
                                                         28%
               stage
 Need to improve data accessibility for
                                                     22%
     customer-facing employees
    Improve ease-of-use of BI for non-
                                                   18%
          technical employees

                                          0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
                                                Percent of Respondents
                                                Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012

More often than not, retailers blame disparate data sources and the                  Variety of Different Data
enormity of active customer data as the primary reason for lack of adequate          Formats- Big Data in Retail (by
and timely consumer insights that inhibits new customer acquisition,                 % of respondents)
customer retention, and re-activation. Currently, the total amount of active
(non-archive or backup) business data that retailers store is between 1TB            √ Pricing data- 68%
and 25 TB for 38% of retailers, and another 21% store significantly higher           √ Point-of-sale transaction data
amounts of business data.                                                              (in-store, online, call center,
                                                                                       and other channels)- 65%
One of the most fundamental challenges for retailers is revenue growth
despite any economic climate, positive or negative. To accomplish this goal:         √ Supplier community
                                                                                       business-to-business data
    •   81% of retailers are relying on increased customer insight for new             (e.g. EDI)- 65%
        customer acquisition
                                                                                     √ Shipping data- 55%
    •   75% are increasing efforts to derive additional value from existing
        customers - the challenge, however, is how to accomplish this task           √ Text resulting from business
        effectively                                                                    activities- 55%

The enormity of customer data coupled with inadequate guidelines for agile           √ Merchandising data- 45%
data-driven insights fuels the inability to conduct timely analysis. This            √ Other data sources- 43%
inability in turn curtails effective customer-centric merchandising, marketing,
promotions, supply chain planning and pricing strategies, among other                √ Social media data- 39%
critical operational competencies. The question that often perplexes                 √ Human resources data- 30%
retailers is how to accurately analyze customer data and predict customer
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                      Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                  Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 4




behavior in order to provide timely updates for retail business leaders,
departmental heads, managers and associates.
The second highest business pressure according to 45% of retailers is
related to faster access to business information. More than a fourth (28%)
of all retailers indicated that there is a lag time of at least "a week" between
the time they receive critical actionable operation information and the
actual business events. For instance, delayed reporting of inventory activity
can severely hinder timely on-the-shelf response to customers, suppliers, or
internal stakeholders. This in turn hampers the pace of new retail initiatives,
business transformation, and recovery strategies that turnaround a poor
sales cycle. Moreover, growing hyper-competitiveness on the shelf, has led
to the need for better time-to-information, time-to-decision, and improved
enterprise-wide visibility towards Key Performance Indicators (KPIs).
Another top pressure is related to the inability to move processes beyond
the data integration stage toward departmental and user-level access,
analysis, and reporting. This need for on-demand self-service reporting and
data visualization is not just required at corporate headquarters but also
down to the channel or store-level. Aberdeen's April 2012 retail big data
and analytics survey indicates that 66% of retailers are unable to provide
uniform self-service reporting and data access capabilities that are otherwise
available to the core super user team. For instance, customer-facing
employees need readily accessible real-time sales and service performance
reporting, customer order history, real-time inventory on-hand data access,
product information, cross-selling and up-selling data, among other
resources.
This information enables store or channel-level employees to assist
customers in the best possible way and complete the customer experience
process in an effective way. However, only 25% of retailers indicate that
they have uniformly executed downstream information access among
                                                                                   "Too much unstructured data
customer-facing employees. This has hurt in-store customer engagement
                                                                                   causes delays in compiling
culture the most. Other channel associates (e.g. online or call center agents)     actionable information in
who are not necessarily customer-facing, do have access to at least some           needed time frames. This
web-based product information that store employees often lack at the               relates to CRM, customer
Point-of-Service (POS).                                                            data/view; competitive analysis;
                                                                                   social engagement; product line
Organizational Challenges                                                          evaluation and sales
                                                                                   promotional programs."
Data from the January 2012 Omni-Channel Retail Experience report shows
that 48% of retailers store customer and business data in two to five              ~Vice-President, Marketing,
disparate systems. Another 20% of retailers store data in six to 15 distinct       Mid-Market Retailer, North
systems. Relevant customer and business data resides in operational silos          America
leading to data duplication, batch processing, and delays associated with
structured and unstructured data integration with other business systems
such as: POS, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), marketing
management, promotions, pricing, inventory management, etc.
As shown in Figure 2, companies find structured and unstructured data
integration with other systems most challenging. These companies are also
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                    Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 5




most likely to experience "delayed time-to-information" and "slower time-
to-decision" among customer-facing and non-customer-facing employees.
Structured data sources in retail relate to POS, supply chain, pricing,
shipping data, etc. Unstructured data relates to text resulting from business
activities, data from social channels, and other data sources.

Figure 2: Top Challenges

Lack of structured / unstructured data integration
                                                                                            35%
             with business systems


                 Legacy processes and systems                                             32%


  Little or no expertise related to analyzing large
                                                                                    29%
                  amounts of data


                     Too much unstructured data                                     29%



                  Lack of data analysis mandate                                  26%


                                                      0%   5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
                                                              Percentage of Respondents

                                                             Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012

Secondly, for 32% of companies, business/customer data management and
related intelligence is fraught with legacy system obstacles. Multi-
generational and legacy processes and systems hinder the advancement of                           "Systems have improved and
ancross-channel customer experience. Unless channel data is centralized                           this has led to better customer
                                                                                                  information being available. This
and shared in real-time, there is little chance of timely coordination
                                                                                                  has helped us sustain a good
between channels. Often, the end result is duplicated efforts, duplicated                         performance despite the
data, and incremental time and money spent on duplicate customers and                             economic and other natural
processes.                                                                                        disasters impacting our industry
                                                                                                  in the last year."
The line-of-business and IT executives in retail must seek to address unified
big data management in multi-tier, multi-site, and multi-channel user                             ~ Director, Marketing, Large
organizations. Multi-generational and legacy technology applications do not                       Consumer Electronics Retailer,
allow organizations to remain agile enough to meet the changing needs and                         Asia-Pacific Region
desires of their customers. Instead, the users of these legacy technologies
are saddled with out-of-date technology capabilities, and as a result, an out-
of-date and out-of-touch approach to the cross-channel customer
experience. A related challenge facing 29% of companies is scant expertise
within IT teams to handle large amounts of data. As more and more
companies deem IT as a cost center, adequate human resource talent and
associated expenditure is a constant headache for executives.
This is despite the fact that 88% of retailers expect the fastest big data
initiative ROI from agile business forecasting value and agile business
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                                  Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                              Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
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execution value. According to Aberdeen's analysis, the disconnect in what
companies want from data insights and their actions, lies in the fact that
nearly half (42%) of big data decisions are still taken by the CIO, the next
closest job-role associated with big data-related decision making is the
CMO (13%).
Somehow, retailers have kept big data and business intelligence-related
process and system improvement decisions non-collaborative, where IT and
line of business do not see eye-to-eye. However, this process of collective
data and BI decision-making needs to be reversed for establishing usage and
access equilibrium.

Realized and Unrealized Benefits of Big Data Strategies
The four leading areas where retailers expect big data initiative ROI include:
business execution information; transparent sales forecasting; product and
customer service innovation; predictive product innovation and customer
service capabilities (see first four rows of Table 1).
However, the realized gains have been in the teens and low double-digits at
best in the aforementioned areas. In fact, the bottom three areas for
expected ROI, namely, performance information, deeper customer
segmentation, and one view of product information have seen better
comparative realization of actual gains from big data initiatives.

Table 1: Expected Benefits vs. Actual Benefits of Big Data
Initiative
          Data Summary                       Expected               Actual
Agile business execution value as                90%                     23%
information is easily available
Improved product and service                     89%                     22%
innovation
Agile business forecasting value as              87%                     19%
information is transparent
Enhanced predicting capabilities                 86%                     17%
related to product and customer
problems
Detailed performance information                 79%                     36%
available for rectifying errors
Possibilities for deeper customer                77%                     42%
segmentation
Assistance with development of one               72%                     34%
view of product information
                                               Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012

The reasons are short-term vs. long-term realized gains. Retailers applied
better organizational focus when it comes to the easiest and fastest route to
big data investment justification. In the last two years, more than a third of
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 7




companies focused on big data initiatives that are geared towards customer
segmentation for tactical business objectives, internal employee and external
trading partner/supplier performance management, and centralized product
information management due to expansive cross-channel needs. Business
execution correction, product/service innovation, and predictive capabilities
were delayed, getting pushed into the category of "long-term aspirational
gains" or "long-term roadmap goals." Retailers show low levels of process
maturity in handling complex and real-time big data models that can be
geared towards accurate forecasts and predictive sales and operations. The
value of business forecasting and predictive sales and operations is
undeniable. For instance, in the area of predictive capabilities, two key
                                                                                   "Detailed knowledge of how
process capabilities have emerged as top strategies retailers are focusing on      customers perceive our
in the immediate future:                                                           products, our services, our
                                                                                   promotions, and the brands in
    •   Predict customer purchasing behavior (66% of retailers planning,
                                                                                   all channels give us the most
        19% current)                                                               important facts to decide how
    •   Real-time analysis based on segmentation, affinity, and preference         to be closely personal with our
        (64% of retailers planning, 25% current)                                   customers."
                                                                                    ~Director of Marketing, Large
Big Data Capabilities                                                                   Specialty Retailers, North
                                                                                                          America
So how can retailers maximize gains from big data initiatives described in
the previous section? The next two sections address key ways in attaining
benefits from big data initiatives.
To execute a cross-channel big data strategy within retail, enterprises must
develop a solid foundation of business-to-consumer process, organizational,
knowledge, and performance management capabilities.
The top three currently deployed capabilities relate to setting-up guidelines
for data gathering, security, and external sharing of data with business
partners/suppliers (Table 2). Guidelines are required as not all departments
are alike when it comes to the role of solving big data aggregation, analysis,
and access. The capabilities that are critical for laying out common
guidelines include: data access, coding, cubing, querying, security, and job-
role based reporting need to be presented via a common set of data
presentation in varied formats of data delivery tools. The disparate analytics
presentation formats (i.e. dashboards vs. spreadsheets) lead to lack of a
unified view of the brand, customer, and day-to-day operations.
For the above reasons, big data and BI-related processes require adequate
IT expertise, and line of business collaboration to solve big data analyses,
quantitative / statistical analytics or dashboards and drill downs. Only a third
of retailers possess the IT and line of business expertise today to address
big data, however, 55% of retailers plan to adopt these capabilities in the
foreseeable future. If internal resources are inadequate or cost prohibitive,
then companies can turn towards managed and outsourced services for
integrating structured and un-structured data with customer-facing and
back-end systems. This can create a homogenous way of treating the big
data and lack of consumer/business insights in a cost-effective manner. The

© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                   Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                               Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 8




April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey indicates that 36% plan to use
IT / systems integrator consulting services within two years. In fact, within
the next 24 months, some of the leading retail data and infrastructure -
related planned technology improvements for companies that aspire to
become Best-in-Class include delivery models such as: managed/outsourced
services (33%), and cloud services (36%).

Table 2: Current and Planned Process and Organization
Capabilities
           Data Summary                      Currently Use       Plan to Use
Established data gathering and assembly            54%                   43%
guidelines
Guidelines for external data sharing (e.g.         52%                   30%
EDI) with suppliers and trading partners
Guidelines for data security, privacy,             48%                   48%
and consumer / client rights protection
Alignment of new product releases with             21%                   59%
customer preference and affinity
Job-role based access to customer                  36%                   49%
behavior and purchase trends
IT expertise to solve Big Data analyses,           31%                   55%
quantitative / statistical analytics or
dashboards and drill downs
The ability to provide performance data            15%                   55%
at the associate level
                                               Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012

In studying the varied cases of big data initiatives in retail organizations,
Aberdeen's analysis indicates that retailers need an enterprise-wide big data
strategy. These companies must apply an enterprise-wide strategy if they
want to see customer and business dynamics through the same prism in
order to scale, differentiate, and grow in these challenging times.
Finally, as seen in Table 3, as companies embark upon an enterprise-wide big
data complexity solving mission, it is important to take into consideration
the extent of real-time data capture (from varied sources) capabilities that
companies currently possess or plan to use in the future. These capabilities
most likely impact "time-to-information" and "time-to-decision" goals as
companies also need to ensure rapid data processing and intelligence so that
all departments and teams have an equal measure of real-time customer
needs, response times, collaborative, and performance improvement
requirements.
For instance, retailers not only need to capture POS data in real-time across
channels but also drive real-time promotions to customers by analyzing POS
and loyalty data so that channels can benefit from real-time offers and
customer mapping. The real-time nature or velocity of data capture,

© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 9




processing, analysis, and reporting depends on several factors such as
database processing, data mining grids, in-memory computing processes, etc.
We will explore some of these technology enablers in the next section.

Table 3: Knowledge Capabilities
           Data Summary                     Currently Use        Plan to Use
Real-time customer data capture at the             55%                   29%
point of service (POS)
Real-time customer data capture at the             44%                   30%
call center
Real-time customer data capture at the             44%                   50%
website
Real-time customer data capture at the             37%                   45%
headquarters
Real-time customer data capture within             27%                   54%
online communities
                                               Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012


Technology Enablers
There are four broad categories of big data complexity-solving enablers sub-
divided in four broad groups: size or extent (storing and accessing the data);
speed (how fast the data must be captured, processed, analyzed and
delivered); complexity (the sophistication and level of detail in the data
analysis), and types (the number of different formats the data takes).
For addressing data size or extent needs, on average a third of
retailers indicate usage of distributed databases, data integration tools,
enterprise data warehouses, distributed file systems, cloud computing data
center tools, among other solutions that support data aggregation and
assembly.
From a data speed and complexity standpoint, retailers currently
indicate affinity towards real-time enterprise-level data processing and
intelligence tools such as in-memory computing processes/analytics, cloud
computing data delivery models, and Massively Parallel Processing (MPP)
databases. At least a third of retailers plan to invest in these tools in the
near future.
As shown in Table 4, retail databases initiatives for real-time customer
engagement and agile operations can be supported through the use of in-
memory computing processes. These tools help support real-time data
processing and delivery of intelligence as in-memory computing removes the
latency factor of storing and accessing from multiple disks, on multiple
computers that are installed across multiple retail store, channel or
headquarter locations. In-memory processes help move data and intelligence
faster than other processes as in-memory processes move data from
different computers to the central memory location.

© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                              Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                          Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 10




Data from Aberdeen's April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey
indicated that companies that have adopted in-memory computing
processes are two-times more likely to experience real-time operational
information availability, and as a result, faster decision making compared to
retailers that do not use in-memory computing. Even in the area of retail
data processing and intelligence-related complexity, our data shows that in-
memory computing processes/analytics and MPP support close to actual
business activity availability of information.
The real-time multi-location data processing capability of in-memory
computing can be of immense value as at least 50% of retailers are still
executing overnight or delayed polling of POS data for various types of
customer and business analyses. In fact, in-memory computing can enable
faster and more real-time access to customer and business information in
the following areas:
      1. One view of the customer through segmented customer purchase
      behavior, affinity, and preferences-related insights for optimized
      assortments, real-time pricing management and promotions
      management
      2. Easier mining and granular shelf-level insights provide deeper
      merchandising insights for category optimization, in-stock, and
      store/channel product sell-through strategies
      3. Creating one view of product, inventory, and order management
      data-from design stage to customer fulfillment/delivery
      4. Solve retail supply chain big data with improved product visibility,
      data exchange, and supplier collaboration

Table 4: Enablers
            Data Summary                     Currently Use       Plan to Use        "Our greatest big data
                                                                                    complexity is difficulty in
In-memory computing                                 35%                  36%        matching strategy to actions
processes/analytics                                                                 and outcomes. It is very difficult
Data cleansing tools                                24%                  55%        to set the right KPIs and even
                                                                                    more difficult to measure
Customer segmentation application                   32%                  52%        them."
                                               Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012   ~ Senior Executive, SMB
                                                                                    Retailer, Asia-Pacific Region
Finally, in terms of types or formats (the number of different
formats the data processing and intelligence takes), departmental
and store-level data access, viewing, and analysis capabilities are also
important, and this is where the concepts of dashboards and scorecards
come into play. Data from the April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey
indicates that at least half of the companies plan to use dashboards for
multiple departments and functions. Real-time data processing via in-
memory computing can help support faster data uploads to the enterprise
dashboards and scorecards.

© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                      Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                  Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 11




Conclusion
The enormity of data coupled with lack of adequate guidelines for agile data-       Big Data Demographics
driven insights fuels the inability to conduct timely analysis. This inability in   Of the responding retail
turn curtails effective retail planning and execution within: customer-centric      organizations, demographics
merchandising, marketing, promotions, supply chain planning and pricing             include the following:
strategies, among other critical customer value chain areas.
                                                                                    √ Job title: Senior Management
Few retailers would argue that a difficult economic recovery requires new             (23%); EVP / SVP / VP (11%);
and creative ways of reaching customers to offer products and services.               Director (11%); Manager
Most of these creative ways depend on a closer, more intimate                         (26%); Consultant (20%);
understanding of consumer activity at all touch points to personalize the             Other (9%)
shopping interaction. This is for the benefit of the retailer in the form of        √ Department / function: Sales
increased cross-sells, up-sells and consumer loyalty. It is also for the benefit      and Marketing (30%); IT
of the customer in the form of a more direct, informed, and relevant                  (7%); Business Management
experience to decrease the time needed for product searches and overall               (19%); Operations (6%);
interaction steps.                                                                    Logistics (15%);
                                                                                      Procurement (11%); Other
In order to realize these benefits, however, retailers must rely on solving big       (12%)
data issues to help guide this personalized selling experience goal into
                                                                                    √ Segment: Consumer markets
fruition. This can start with data collection processes at, for example, the
                                                                                      (25%); Retail/Apparel (15%);
POS, continue into a predictive analytical model, and end with increased              Software (17%); Automotive
business intelligence for a dynamic, macro and micro view of customer and             (6%); Food and Beverage
business operations at all levels in the retail enterprise. In a challenging          (6%); Other (31%)
economy, such insight can be a competitive differentiator for a more
satisfied and profitable existing and new customer base.                            √ Geography: North America
                                                                                      (67%); APAC region (14%)
The end use of big data is not defined as mere reporting or analytics-related         and EMEA (19%)
capabilities but what companies actually do with big data initiatives, i.e.
                                                                                    √ Company size: Large
finding solutions for filling business gaps and addressing customer process
                                                                                      enterprises (annual revenues
complexities. This involves the ability to access information affecting the           above US $1 billion)- 40%;
entire business as the data is created from multiple sources. This can involve        midsize enterprises (annual
one or multiple sets of data sources, and can affect one or many sets of              revenues between $50
decisions, actions, departments and people. Retail organizations that take a          million and $1 billion)- 17%;
strategic approach to enterprise big data complexities and the access to              and small businesses (annual
relevant data - when, how, and where people need it - will be better                  revenues of $50 million or
positioned to achieve organizational success. One of the ways to alleviate            less)- 43%
data and intelligence latency is via in-memory computing that helps remove
the latency factor of storing and accessing from multiple disks, on multiple
computers, across multiple locations, which is very common in retail. In-
memory processes help move data and intelligence faster from multiple
locations than other processes as in-memory processes move data from
different computers to the central memory location.

Key Takeaways
The following are some recommendations that can be applied by end-users
to help alleviate big data and BI-related complexities:
    •   Develop a robust relationship between line of business needs for
        customer analytics and IT to increase operational visibility. To

© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                     Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                 Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 12




        maximize the ROI from big data solutions, retailers should be able
        to trace the need for increased customer insights to a retailer's
        number one reason for existence: selling a product and increasing
        revenue. From a customer-centric retailing standpoint, companies
        need to invest in providing access to real-time customer purchase
        affinity, preferences, and segmentation data across; procurement,
        finance, marketing, merchandising, pricing, promotions, supply chain,
        and other departments. Enterprise-wide consumer insights have the
        potential to transform the assortment-mix towards a level of
        precision that can increase customer recency and frequency in
        increasingly competitive retail environment.
    •   Create a roadmap for addressing complex unstructured and
        structured data integration with business systems so that
        enterprise-wide data processing and intelligence can be streamlined.
        Take into account all unstructured data streams including new
        customer interaction channels (such as social networking data).
    •   Provide deeper business insights to employees for improving
        customer, inventory, and merchandise assortment-related decision
        making. Real-time customer/business data intelligence reporting and
        delivery enables retailers to develop a knowledge-driven culture,
        one that encourages rapid decision-making during a typical retail
        sales day, week, quarter, and fiscal year.
    •   Predicting customer purchasing behavior speaks to the very essence
        of increased cross-selling and up-selling for retailers, no matter the
        channel. If a retailer can understand what type of purchase a
        consumer is likely to make, they can not only tailor marketing
        efforts to ensure a timely purchase is made, but they can also offer
        similar companion products to increase order size at the same time.
    •   When considering on-premise or hosted end-to-end big data
        initiatives, it is vital that retailers create a framework that ties the
        top enterprise-wide productivity needs to specific data processing
        and intelligence processes such as data gathering, aggregation,
        cubing, reporting, and delivery. If on-premise deployment is deemed
        difficult to implement, consider managed services/outsourced
        services and/or private cloud computing models that address real-
        time data processing, intelligence, and delivery options in a
        resource-constrained IT environment.
    •   Consider in-memory computing processes that help support real-
        time data processing and delivery of intelligence as in-memory
        computing removes the latency factor of storing and accessing from
        multiple disks, on multiple computers, across multiple locations,
        which is very common in retail.
For more information on this or other research topics, please visit
www.aberdeen.com.



© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                             Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                         Fax: 617 723 7897
A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing
Page 13




                                             Related Research
 Best-in-Class Strategies to Overcome                        State of Multi-Channel Retail Marketing:
 Disconnected Customer Experience;                           A Paradigm Shift for Reaching New
 March 2012                                                  Customers; June 2011
 Mobile and Tablet Shopping Demystified:                     State of Customer-Centric Retailing: A
 Adoption and the ROI Business Case;                         Best Practices Guide for Higher Sales,
 September 2011                                              Customer Retention, and Satisfaction;
 Early Consumer Insight Delivers Revenue                     May 2010
 Growth Opportunities for Retailers; July
 2011
 Author: Sahir Anand, VP/Research Group Director,
 (sahir.anand@aberdeen.com)
For more than two decades, Aberdeen's research has been helping corporations worldwide become Best-in-Class.
Having benchmarked the performance of more than 644,000 companies, Aberdeen is uniquely positioned to provide
organizations with the facts that matter — the facts that enable companies to get ahead and drive results. That's why
our research is relied on by more than 2.5 million readers in over 40 countries, 90% of the Fortune 1,000, and 93% of
the Technology 500.
As a Harte-Hanks Company, Aberdeen’s research provides insight and analysis to the Harte-Hanks community of
local, regional, national and international marketing executives. Combined, we help our customers leverage the power
of insight to deliver innovative multichannel marketing programs that drive business-changing results. For additional
information, visit Aberdeen http://www.aberdeen.com or call (617) 854-5200, or to learn more about Harte-Hanks, call
(800) 456-9748 or go to http://www.harte-hanks.com.
This document is the result of primary research performed by Aberdeen Group. Aberdeen Group's methodologies
provide for objective fact-based research and represent the best analysis available at the time of publication. Unless
otherwise noted, the entire contents of this publication are copyrighted by Aberdeen Group, Inc. and may not be
reproduced, distributed, archived, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent by
Aberdeen Group, Inc. (2012a)
© 2012 Aberdeen Group.                                                                                                   Telephone: 617 854 5200
www.aberdeen.com                                                                                                               Fax: 617 723 7897

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Big Data

  • 1. June 2012 A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Data from Aberdeen’s October 2011 report, Business Intelligence Analyst Insight Enhancements in Retail, indicates that for 62% of retailers, escalating big data- Aberdeen’s Insights provide the related complexities within their enterprises makes day-to-day decision- analyst's perspective on the making and creating a single view of the product and customer an arduous research as drawn from an task. The problem is not just data aggregation but also lack of real-time aggregated view of research access to customer and business information. This impedes customer- surveys, interviews, and centricity and business process continuity. Another roadblock for retailers data analysis is also the volume, sources, complexity, and velocity of data. Aberdeen's Big Data in Retail Defined latest April 2012 survey of 50 retail enterprises shows that 70% of retailers Big data in retail and consumer are currently grappling with, on average, at least eight disparate sources of markets refers to the overall business and customer data (both structured and un-structured) within their size or extent of active data an organization. Such data variability fluctuates quite a bit due to seasonality, organization stores, as well as number of Stock Keeping Units (SKUs), and types of customers. the size of the data sets it uses for its business intelligence and The collection and analysis of customer and business data, from its raw form analysis. Big data is also used to of analytical data to its polished form of predictive Business Intelligence (BI) describe the common helps to increase precision and real-time retailing. This includes: product difficulties associated with this innovation, supply chain, pricing, customer engagement, promotions and active data: size or extent marketing, and other value chain areas. The benefits associated with real- (storing and accessing the data), time and precision retailing can be realized at every stage of the cross- speed (how fast the data must channel retail lifecycle - from product design stage to customer fulfillment, be captured, processed, and loyalty creation. This Analyst Insight addresses the aforementioned analyzed and delivered), complexity (the sophistication complexities and benefits, and identifies a best practices roadmap that and level of detail in the data enables companies to apply big data initiatives for real-time customer analysis), and types (the engagement and agile operations. Four main issues are also addressed: number of different formats the • Cross-channel impact of big data data takes). • Consumer pressures and organizational challenges surrounding big data • Capabilities and enablers to tame big customer and business data • Actionable recommendations for overcoming big data complexities The Cross-Channel Impact of Big Data For today's consumer, who has multi-faceted channel and shopping preferences, retailers need to be prepared at all times to provide one view of the customer and product across all channels. However, this has not been easy for a majority of retailers. The need for addressing big data is a This document is the result of primary research performed by Aberdeen Group. Aberdeen Group's methodologies provide for objective fact-based research and represent the best analysis available at the time of publication. Unless otherwise noted, the entire contents of this publication are copyrighted by Aberdeen Group, Inc. and may not be reproduced, distributed, archived, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent by Aberdeen Group, Inc.
  • 2. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 2 cross-channel challenge and a transformation need for retailers. Consider the following trends: • The rise in digital retailing. Online (used by two-thirds of retailers) and mobile commerce (used by one-third of retailers) have given consumers increased amounts of product information and ease of access to competitive alternatives. For instance, smartphone-based UPC scanning capabilities, as well as mobile search engine accessibility, has allowed both new and existing customers to closely examine product price and details to make a more immediate and informed decision within and outside the four walls of a store. Retailers are challenged to compete with this reality by offering a more personalized, digital retailing experience or lose out to a competitor. • In-store transformation. The proliferation of retail categories in "Impact is more from lack of non-traditional retail formats (such as Wal-Mart’s in-store banking, analysis / learning from big data optometry, and hair salon offerings) pressure these organizations to than from data issues further scrutinize their customer base to match established themselves." purchase patterns with new purchase patterns. Moreover, multiple ~Vice-President, Logistics, store formats appeal to product affinity and preferences of multiple Large Apparel Retailer, North customer segments. Customer segmentation requires re-thinking of America existing store models, precision merchandising, and inventory localization requirements. • Voice retailing integration. The increased use of voice retailing by a third of retailers provides not just another channel sales avenue but also valuable information about customer experience before, during, and after a sale. This information yields important clues about future purchasing patterns across all channels. A stated focus on electronics, for example, may yield success in the cross-selling of extension cords, batteries, and other accessories online or in the store. • An extended supply chain. Two-thirds of retailers are far from creating a unified view of product and customer data across all channels to understand category-level affinity and preferences. A unified view of product, order management, and customer data also aids accurate and timely supply chain planning and logistics to deliver the right product, at the right place, at the right time. Aberdeen's March 2012 Best-in-Class Strategies to Overcome Disconnected Customer Experience report indicates that only a third of retailers overall are sharing customer and product information across all channels to create one view of the product and customer. Upon taking a deeper look, retailers find that creating a customer-centric and localized assortment-mix (71%), shelf-level inventory optimization (65%), and product innovation (60%) are the most affected value chain competencies due to big data issues. This means that while retailers want to be more customer-centric, addressing big data issues is "front and center" in the way of cross-channel customer-centric retailing. © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 3. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 3 Need for Increased Consumer Insights is Paramount As detailed in the previous section, as customer shopping options and channels proliferate, 59% of retailers are compelled to respond to the need for creating granular consumer insights in areas such as; cross-channel buying behavior, share of wallet, market basket analysis, and segmentation strategies (Figure 1). Figure 1: Lack of Consumer Insights is a Top Market Pain-Point Need to increase overall consumer 59% insight Need to improve speed of access to 45% relevant business data Need to move beyond data integration 28% stage Need to improve data accessibility for 22% customer-facing employees Improve ease-of-use of BI for non- 18% technical employees 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Percent of Respondents Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 More often than not, retailers blame disparate data sources and the Variety of Different Data enormity of active customer data as the primary reason for lack of adequate Formats- Big Data in Retail (by and timely consumer insights that inhibits new customer acquisition, % of respondents) customer retention, and re-activation. Currently, the total amount of active (non-archive or backup) business data that retailers store is between 1TB √ Pricing data- 68% and 25 TB for 38% of retailers, and another 21% store significantly higher √ Point-of-sale transaction data amounts of business data. (in-store, online, call center, and other channels)- 65% One of the most fundamental challenges for retailers is revenue growth despite any economic climate, positive or negative. To accomplish this goal: √ Supplier community business-to-business data • 81% of retailers are relying on increased customer insight for new (e.g. EDI)- 65% customer acquisition √ Shipping data- 55% • 75% are increasing efforts to derive additional value from existing customers - the challenge, however, is how to accomplish this task √ Text resulting from business effectively activities- 55% The enormity of customer data coupled with inadequate guidelines for agile √ Merchandising data- 45% data-driven insights fuels the inability to conduct timely analysis. This √ Other data sources- 43% inability in turn curtails effective customer-centric merchandising, marketing, promotions, supply chain planning and pricing strategies, among other √ Social media data- 39% critical operational competencies. The question that often perplexes √ Human resources data- 30% retailers is how to accurately analyze customer data and predict customer © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 4. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 4 behavior in order to provide timely updates for retail business leaders, departmental heads, managers and associates. The second highest business pressure according to 45% of retailers is related to faster access to business information. More than a fourth (28%) of all retailers indicated that there is a lag time of at least "a week" between the time they receive critical actionable operation information and the actual business events. For instance, delayed reporting of inventory activity can severely hinder timely on-the-shelf response to customers, suppliers, or internal stakeholders. This in turn hampers the pace of new retail initiatives, business transformation, and recovery strategies that turnaround a poor sales cycle. Moreover, growing hyper-competitiveness on the shelf, has led to the need for better time-to-information, time-to-decision, and improved enterprise-wide visibility towards Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Another top pressure is related to the inability to move processes beyond the data integration stage toward departmental and user-level access, analysis, and reporting. This need for on-demand self-service reporting and data visualization is not just required at corporate headquarters but also down to the channel or store-level. Aberdeen's April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey indicates that 66% of retailers are unable to provide uniform self-service reporting and data access capabilities that are otherwise available to the core super user team. For instance, customer-facing employees need readily accessible real-time sales and service performance reporting, customer order history, real-time inventory on-hand data access, product information, cross-selling and up-selling data, among other resources. This information enables store or channel-level employees to assist customers in the best possible way and complete the customer experience process in an effective way. However, only 25% of retailers indicate that they have uniformly executed downstream information access among "Too much unstructured data customer-facing employees. This has hurt in-store customer engagement causes delays in compiling culture the most. Other channel associates (e.g. online or call center agents) actionable information in who are not necessarily customer-facing, do have access to at least some needed time frames. This web-based product information that store employees often lack at the relates to CRM, customer Point-of-Service (POS). data/view; competitive analysis; social engagement; product line Organizational Challenges evaluation and sales promotional programs." Data from the January 2012 Omni-Channel Retail Experience report shows that 48% of retailers store customer and business data in two to five ~Vice-President, Marketing, disparate systems. Another 20% of retailers store data in six to 15 distinct Mid-Market Retailer, North systems. Relevant customer and business data resides in operational silos America leading to data duplication, batch processing, and delays associated with structured and unstructured data integration with other business systems such as: POS, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), marketing management, promotions, pricing, inventory management, etc. As shown in Figure 2, companies find structured and unstructured data integration with other systems most challenging. These companies are also © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 5. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 5 most likely to experience "delayed time-to-information" and "slower time- to-decision" among customer-facing and non-customer-facing employees. Structured data sources in retail relate to POS, supply chain, pricing, shipping data, etc. Unstructured data relates to text resulting from business activities, data from social channels, and other data sources. Figure 2: Top Challenges Lack of structured / unstructured data integration 35% with business systems Legacy processes and systems 32% Little or no expertise related to analyzing large 29% amounts of data Too much unstructured data 29% Lack of data analysis mandate 26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Percentage of Respondents Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 Secondly, for 32% of companies, business/customer data management and related intelligence is fraught with legacy system obstacles. Multi- generational and legacy processes and systems hinder the advancement of "Systems have improved and ancross-channel customer experience. Unless channel data is centralized this has led to better customer information being available. This and shared in real-time, there is little chance of timely coordination has helped us sustain a good between channels. Often, the end result is duplicated efforts, duplicated performance despite the data, and incremental time and money spent on duplicate customers and economic and other natural processes. disasters impacting our industry in the last year." The line-of-business and IT executives in retail must seek to address unified big data management in multi-tier, multi-site, and multi-channel user ~ Director, Marketing, Large organizations. Multi-generational and legacy technology applications do not Consumer Electronics Retailer, allow organizations to remain agile enough to meet the changing needs and Asia-Pacific Region desires of their customers. Instead, the users of these legacy technologies are saddled with out-of-date technology capabilities, and as a result, an out- of-date and out-of-touch approach to the cross-channel customer experience. A related challenge facing 29% of companies is scant expertise within IT teams to handle large amounts of data. As more and more companies deem IT as a cost center, adequate human resource talent and associated expenditure is a constant headache for executives. This is despite the fact that 88% of retailers expect the fastest big data initiative ROI from agile business forecasting value and agile business © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 6. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 6 execution value. According to Aberdeen's analysis, the disconnect in what companies want from data insights and their actions, lies in the fact that nearly half (42%) of big data decisions are still taken by the CIO, the next closest job-role associated with big data-related decision making is the CMO (13%). Somehow, retailers have kept big data and business intelligence-related process and system improvement decisions non-collaborative, where IT and line of business do not see eye-to-eye. However, this process of collective data and BI decision-making needs to be reversed for establishing usage and access equilibrium. Realized and Unrealized Benefits of Big Data Strategies The four leading areas where retailers expect big data initiative ROI include: business execution information; transparent sales forecasting; product and customer service innovation; predictive product innovation and customer service capabilities (see first four rows of Table 1). However, the realized gains have been in the teens and low double-digits at best in the aforementioned areas. In fact, the bottom three areas for expected ROI, namely, performance information, deeper customer segmentation, and one view of product information have seen better comparative realization of actual gains from big data initiatives. Table 1: Expected Benefits vs. Actual Benefits of Big Data Initiative Data Summary Expected Actual Agile business execution value as 90% 23% information is easily available Improved product and service 89% 22% innovation Agile business forecasting value as 87% 19% information is transparent Enhanced predicting capabilities 86% 17% related to product and customer problems Detailed performance information 79% 36% available for rectifying errors Possibilities for deeper customer 77% 42% segmentation Assistance with development of one 72% 34% view of product information Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 The reasons are short-term vs. long-term realized gains. Retailers applied better organizational focus when it comes to the easiest and fastest route to big data investment justification. In the last two years, more than a third of © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 7. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 7 companies focused on big data initiatives that are geared towards customer segmentation for tactical business objectives, internal employee and external trading partner/supplier performance management, and centralized product information management due to expansive cross-channel needs. Business execution correction, product/service innovation, and predictive capabilities were delayed, getting pushed into the category of "long-term aspirational gains" or "long-term roadmap goals." Retailers show low levels of process maturity in handling complex and real-time big data models that can be geared towards accurate forecasts and predictive sales and operations. The value of business forecasting and predictive sales and operations is undeniable. For instance, in the area of predictive capabilities, two key "Detailed knowledge of how process capabilities have emerged as top strategies retailers are focusing on customers perceive our in the immediate future: products, our services, our promotions, and the brands in • Predict customer purchasing behavior (66% of retailers planning, all channels give us the most 19% current) important facts to decide how • Real-time analysis based on segmentation, affinity, and preference to be closely personal with our (64% of retailers planning, 25% current) customers." ~Director of Marketing, Large Big Data Capabilities Specialty Retailers, North America So how can retailers maximize gains from big data initiatives described in the previous section? The next two sections address key ways in attaining benefits from big data initiatives. To execute a cross-channel big data strategy within retail, enterprises must develop a solid foundation of business-to-consumer process, organizational, knowledge, and performance management capabilities. The top three currently deployed capabilities relate to setting-up guidelines for data gathering, security, and external sharing of data with business partners/suppliers (Table 2). Guidelines are required as not all departments are alike when it comes to the role of solving big data aggregation, analysis, and access. The capabilities that are critical for laying out common guidelines include: data access, coding, cubing, querying, security, and job- role based reporting need to be presented via a common set of data presentation in varied formats of data delivery tools. The disparate analytics presentation formats (i.e. dashboards vs. spreadsheets) lead to lack of a unified view of the brand, customer, and day-to-day operations. For the above reasons, big data and BI-related processes require adequate IT expertise, and line of business collaboration to solve big data analyses, quantitative / statistical analytics or dashboards and drill downs. Only a third of retailers possess the IT and line of business expertise today to address big data, however, 55% of retailers plan to adopt these capabilities in the foreseeable future. If internal resources are inadequate or cost prohibitive, then companies can turn towards managed and outsourced services for integrating structured and un-structured data with customer-facing and back-end systems. This can create a homogenous way of treating the big data and lack of consumer/business insights in a cost-effective manner. The © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 8. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 8 April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey indicates that 36% plan to use IT / systems integrator consulting services within two years. In fact, within the next 24 months, some of the leading retail data and infrastructure - related planned technology improvements for companies that aspire to become Best-in-Class include delivery models such as: managed/outsourced services (33%), and cloud services (36%). Table 2: Current and Planned Process and Organization Capabilities Data Summary Currently Use Plan to Use Established data gathering and assembly 54% 43% guidelines Guidelines for external data sharing (e.g. 52% 30% EDI) with suppliers and trading partners Guidelines for data security, privacy, 48% 48% and consumer / client rights protection Alignment of new product releases with 21% 59% customer preference and affinity Job-role based access to customer 36% 49% behavior and purchase trends IT expertise to solve Big Data analyses, 31% 55% quantitative / statistical analytics or dashboards and drill downs The ability to provide performance data 15% 55% at the associate level Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 In studying the varied cases of big data initiatives in retail organizations, Aberdeen's analysis indicates that retailers need an enterprise-wide big data strategy. These companies must apply an enterprise-wide strategy if they want to see customer and business dynamics through the same prism in order to scale, differentiate, and grow in these challenging times. Finally, as seen in Table 3, as companies embark upon an enterprise-wide big data complexity solving mission, it is important to take into consideration the extent of real-time data capture (from varied sources) capabilities that companies currently possess or plan to use in the future. These capabilities most likely impact "time-to-information" and "time-to-decision" goals as companies also need to ensure rapid data processing and intelligence so that all departments and teams have an equal measure of real-time customer needs, response times, collaborative, and performance improvement requirements. For instance, retailers not only need to capture POS data in real-time across channels but also drive real-time promotions to customers by analyzing POS and loyalty data so that channels can benefit from real-time offers and customer mapping. The real-time nature or velocity of data capture, © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 9. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 9 processing, analysis, and reporting depends on several factors such as database processing, data mining grids, in-memory computing processes, etc. We will explore some of these technology enablers in the next section. Table 3: Knowledge Capabilities Data Summary Currently Use Plan to Use Real-time customer data capture at the 55% 29% point of service (POS) Real-time customer data capture at the 44% 30% call center Real-time customer data capture at the 44% 50% website Real-time customer data capture at the 37% 45% headquarters Real-time customer data capture within 27% 54% online communities Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 Technology Enablers There are four broad categories of big data complexity-solving enablers sub- divided in four broad groups: size or extent (storing and accessing the data); speed (how fast the data must be captured, processed, analyzed and delivered); complexity (the sophistication and level of detail in the data analysis), and types (the number of different formats the data takes). For addressing data size or extent needs, on average a third of retailers indicate usage of distributed databases, data integration tools, enterprise data warehouses, distributed file systems, cloud computing data center tools, among other solutions that support data aggregation and assembly. From a data speed and complexity standpoint, retailers currently indicate affinity towards real-time enterprise-level data processing and intelligence tools such as in-memory computing processes/analytics, cloud computing data delivery models, and Massively Parallel Processing (MPP) databases. At least a third of retailers plan to invest in these tools in the near future. As shown in Table 4, retail databases initiatives for real-time customer engagement and agile operations can be supported through the use of in- memory computing processes. These tools help support real-time data processing and delivery of intelligence as in-memory computing removes the latency factor of storing and accessing from multiple disks, on multiple computers that are installed across multiple retail store, channel or headquarter locations. In-memory processes help move data and intelligence faster than other processes as in-memory processes move data from different computers to the central memory location. © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 10. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 10 Data from Aberdeen's April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey indicated that companies that have adopted in-memory computing processes are two-times more likely to experience real-time operational information availability, and as a result, faster decision making compared to retailers that do not use in-memory computing. Even in the area of retail data processing and intelligence-related complexity, our data shows that in- memory computing processes/analytics and MPP support close to actual business activity availability of information. The real-time multi-location data processing capability of in-memory computing can be of immense value as at least 50% of retailers are still executing overnight or delayed polling of POS data for various types of customer and business analyses. In fact, in-memory computing can enable faster and more real-time access to customer and business information in the following areas: 1. One view of the customer through segmented customer purchase behavior, affinity, and preferences-related insights for optimized assortments, real-time pricing management and promotions management 2. Easier mining and granular shelf-level insights provide deeper merchandising insights for category optimization, in-stock, and store/channel product sell-through strategies 3. Creating one view of product, inventory, and order management data-from design stage to customer fulfillment/delivery 4. Solve retail supply chain big data with improved product visibility, data exchange, and supplier collaboration Table 4: Enablers Data Summary Currently Use Plan to Use "Our greatest big data complexity is difficulty in In-memory computing 35% 36% matching strategy to actions processes/analytics and outcomes. It is very difficult Data cleansing tools 24% 55% to set the right KPIs and even more difficult to measure Customer segmentation application 32% 52% them." Source: Aberdeen Group, April 2012 ~ Senior Executive, SMB Retailer, Asia-Pacific Region Finally, in terms of types or formats (the number of different formats the data processing and intelligence takes), departmental and store-level data access, viewing, and analysis capabilities are also important, and this is where the concepts of dashboards and scorecards come into play. Data from the April 2012 retail big data and analytics survey indicates that at least half of the companies plan to use dashboards for multiple departments and functions. Real-time data processing via in- memory computing can help support faster data uploads to the enterprise dashboards and scorecards. © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 11. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 11 Conclusion The enormity of data coupled with lack of adequate guidelines for agile data- Big Data Demographics driven insights fuels the inability to conduct timely analysis. This inability in Of the responding retail turn curtails effective retail planning and execution within: customer-centric organizations, demographics merchandising, marketing, promotions, supply chain planning and pricing include the following: strategies, among other critical customer value chain areas. √ Job title: Senior Management Few retailers would argue that a difficult economic recovery requires new (23%); EVP / SVP / VP (11%); and creative ways of reaching customers to offer products and services. Director (11%); Manager Most of these creative ways depend on a closer, more intimate (26%); Consultant (20%); understanding of consumer activity at all touch points to personalize the Other (9%) shopping interaction. This is for the benefit of the retailer in the form of √ Department / function: Sales increased cross-sells, up-sells and consumer loyalty. It is also for the benefit and Marketing (30%); IT of the customer in the form of a more direct, informed, and relevant (7%); Business Management experience to decrease the time needed for product searches and overall (19%); Operations (6%); interaction steps. Logistics (15%); Procurement (11%); Other In order to realize these benefits, however, retailers must rely on solving big (12%) data issues to help guide this personalized selling experience goal into √ Segment: Consumer markets fruition. This can start with data collection processes at, for example, the (25%); Retail/Apparel (15%); POS, continue into a predictive analytical model, and end with increased Software (17%); Automotive business intelligence for a dynamic, macro and micro view of customer and (6%); Food and Beverage business operations at all levels in the retail enterprise. In a challenging (6%); Other (31%) economy, such insight can be a competitive differentiator for a more satisfied and profitable existing and new customer base. √ Geography: North America (67%); APAC region (14%) The end use of big data is not defined as mere reporting or analytics-related and EMEA (19%) capabilities but what companies actually do with big data initiatives, i.e. √ Company size: Large finding solutions for filling business gaps and addressing customer process enterprises (annual revenues complexities. This involves the ability to access information affecting the above US $1 billion)- 40%; entire business as the data is created from multiple sources. This can involve midsize enterprises (annual one or multiple sets of data sources, and can affect one or many sets of revenues between $50 decisions, actions, departments and people. Retail organizations that take a million and $1 billion)- 17%; strategic approach to enterprise big data complexities and the access to and small businesses (annual relevant data - when, how, and where people need it - will be better revenues of $50 million or positioned to achieve organizational success. One of the ways to alleviate less)- 43% data and intelligence latency is via in-memory computing that helps remove the latency factor of storing and accessing from multiple disks, on multiple computers, across multiple locations, which is very common in retail. In- memory processes help move data and intelligence faster from multiple locations than other processes as in-memory processes move data from different computers to the central memory location. Key Takeaways The following are some recommendations that can be applied by end-users to help alleviate big data and BI-related complexities: • Develop a robust relationship between line of business needs for customer analytics and IT to increase operational visibility. To © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 12. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 12 maximize the ROI from big data solutions, retailers should be able to trace the need for increased customer insights to a retailer's number one reason for existence: selling a product and increasing revenue. From a customer-centric retailing standpoint, companies need to invest in providing access to real-time customer purchase affinity, preferences, and segmentation data across; procurement, finance, marketing, merchandising, pricing, promotions, supply chain, and other departments. Enterprise-wide consumer insights have the potential to transform the assortment-mix towards a level of precision that can increase customer recency and frequency in increasingly competitive retail environment. • Create a roadmap for addressing complex unstructured and structured data integration with business systems so that enterprise-wide data processing and intelligence can be streamlined. Take into account all unstructured data streams including new customer interaction channels (such as social networking data). • Provide deeper business insights to employees for improving customer, inventory, and merchandise assortment-related decision making. Real-time customer/business data intelligence reporting and delivery enables retailers to develop a knowledge-driven culture, one that encourages rapid decision-making during a typical retail sales day, week, quarter, and fiscal year. • Predicting customer purchasing behavior speaks to the very essence of increased cross-selling and up-selling for retailers, no matter the channel. If a retailer can understand what type of purchase a consumer is likely to make, they can not only tailor marketing efforts to ensure a timely purchase is made, but they can also offer similar companion products to increase order size at the same time. • When considering on-premise or hosted end-to-end big data initiatives, it is vital that retailers create a framework that ties the top enterprise-wide productivity needs to specific data processing and intelligence processes such as data gathering, aggregation, cubing, reporting, and delivery. If on-premise deployment is deemed difficult to implement, consider managed services/outsourced services and/or private cloud computing models that address real- time data processing, intelligence, and delivery options in a resource-constrained IT environment. • Consider in-memory computing processes that help support real- time data processing and delivery of intelligence as in-memory computing removes the latency factor of storing and accessing from multiple disks, on multiple computers, across multiple locations, which is very common in retail. For more information on this or other research topics, please visit www.aberdeen.com. © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897
  • 13. A New Retail Paradigm: Solving Big Data to Enhance Real-Time Retailing Page 13 Related Research Best-in-Class Strategies to Overcome State of Multi-Channel Retail Marketing: Disconnected Customer Experience; A Paradigm Shift for Reaching New March 2012 Customers; June 2011 Mobile and Tablet Shopping Demystified: State of Customer-Centric Retailing: A Adoption and the ROI Business Case; Best Practices Guide for Higher Sales, September 2011 Customer Retention, and Satisfaction; Early Consumer Insight Delivers Revenue May 2010 Growth Opportunities for Retailers; July 2011 Author: Sahir Anand, VP/Research Group Director, (sahir.anand@aberdeen.com) For more than two decades, Aberdeen's research has been helping corporations worldwide become Best-in-Class. Having benchmarked the performance of more than 644,000 companies, Aberdeen is uniquely positioned to provide organizations with the facts that matter — the facts that enable companies to get ahead and drive results. That's why our research is relied on by more than 2.5 million readers in over 40 countries, 90% of the Fortune 1,000, and 93% of the Technology 500. As a Harte-Hanks Company, Aberdeen’s research provides insight and analysis to the Harte-Hanks community of local, regional, national and international marketing executives. Combined, we help our customers leverage the power of insight to deliver innovative multichannel marketing programs that drive business-changing results. For additional information, visit Aberdeen http://www.aberdeen.com or call (617) 854-5200, or to learn more about Harte-Hanks, call (800) 456-9748 or go to http://www.harte-hanks.com. This document is the result of primary research performed by Aberdeen Group. Aberdeen Group's methodologies provide for objective fact-based research and represent the best analysis available at the time of publication. Unless otherwise noted, the entire contents of this publication are copyrighted by Aberdeen Group, Inc. and may not be reproduced, distributed, archived, or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent by Aberdeen Group, Inc. (2012a) © 2012 Aberdeen Group. Telephone: 617 854 5200 www.aberdeen.com Fax: 617 723 7897