Size Separation as per PCI Syllabus
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This document discusses size separation, which involves separating mixtures of particles of different sizes into two or more portions using screens. It defines size separation and lists some common applications like quality control and determining particle size distribution. It also outlines official standards for powder grades based on the sizes of screens particles can pass through. Finally, it examines different types of screens, standards for screens, and modes of motion used in size separation like agitation and centrifugal force.
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Size Separation as per PCI Syllabus
- 1. Size Separation Dr. Laxmikant Zawar H R P I P E R, Shirpur
- 2. Definition Size separation is a unit operation that involves the separation of mixture of various size of particles into two or more portion by means of screening surface. Size separation is also known as sieving,sifting,classifyingor screening.
- 3. Applications 1. Determination of particle size & particle size distribution. 2. Quality control tool for analysis of raw materials. 3. To test efficiency of size reduction equipment or process. 4. To optimize process condition such as agitation, time of screening, feed rate etc. 5. To recover valuable byproduct. 6. To prevent environmental pollution.
- 4. Official Standards for Powders Sr. No Grades of powder Sieve through all particles must pass Nominal mesh aperture size Sieves through which 40% particles pass Nominal mesh aperture size 01 Coarse Powder 10 1.7 mm 44 355 µm 02 Moderately Coarse Powder 22 710 µm 60 250 µm 03 Moderately Fine Powder 44 355 µm 85 180 µm 04 Fine Powder 85 180 µm - - 05 Very Fine Powder 120 125 µm - -
- 5. Sieves Sieves for pharmacopeial testing are constructed from wire cloth with square meshes, woven from wires of brass, bronze, stainless steel or any other suitable material.
- 6. Types of Sieves Woven Wire Sieves Bolting Cloth Sieve Bar Screens Punched Plates
- 7. Woven wire sieves Plain Weave Sieve Twilled Weave Sieve
- 9. Bar Screen
- 10. Punched Plates
- 11. Standards of Sieve Number of Sieve Nominal Diameter of Wire % Sieving Area Nominal Size of Aperture Aperture Tolerance Size
- 12. Number of Sieve This is the number of meshes in a length of 25.4 mm (1 in.), in each direction, parallel to the wires.
- 13. Nominal Size of Aperture Nominal size of aperture indicates the distance between the wires. It represents the size of a square aperture. IP 1996 gives the nominal mesh aperture size for majority of sieves in mm or in µm.
- 14. Nominal Diameter of Wire Wire mesh sieves are made from the wire having the specified diameter in order to give a suitable aperture size and sufficient strength to avoid distortion of the sieve.
- 15. Approximate % Sieving Area This standard expresses the area of meshes as a percentage of the total area of the sieve. It depends on the size of the wire used for any particular sieve. Generally sieving area is kept within range of 35 % to 40 % in order to give suitable strength to the sieve.
- 16. Aperture Tolerance Average Size Some variation in the aperture size is unavoidable. This variation is expressed as a percentage and is known as the aperture tolerance average.
- 17. Modes of Motion in Size Separation Agitation Brushing Centrifugal Force
- 20. Sieve Shaker • Principle • Construction • Working • Advantages and Disadvantages 2 1 3 4
- 21. Sieve Shaker
- 22. Cyclone Separator • Principle • Construction • Working • Advantages and Disadvantages 2 1 3 4
- 24. Air Separator • Principle • Construction • Working • Advantages and Disadvantages 2 1 3 4
- 25. Air Separator
- 26. Bag Filter • Principle • Construction • Working • Advantages and Disadvantages 2 1 3 4
- 27. Bag Filter
- 29. Sedimentation Tank A suspension of the solids in a fluid, most commonly water, is placed in a tank and allowed to stand for a suitable time. The upper layer is then removed, giving a single separation, or the suspension may be collected as a number of fractions by arranging for the pump inlet to remain just below the surface. The suspension pumped out will then contain successively coarser particles.
- 31. Particles entering the tank will be acted upon by a force • that can be divided into two components: Horizontal component due to the flow of the fluid that carries the particle forward Vertical component due to gravity, which causes the particle to fall towards the bottom of the tank. The latter will depend on Stokes' law, so that the velocity of fall is proportional to the diameter. Thus, particles will settle to the floor of the tank at a point that depends on particle size, the coarsest particles being nearest to the inlet and the finest nearest to the outlet.
- 32. Elutriation Tank
- 33. Thank You
Editor's Notes
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- Notes to presenter: Description of what you learned in your own words on one side. Include information about the topic Details about the topic will also be helpful here. Tell the story of your learning experience. Just like a story there should always be a beginning, middle and an end. On the other side, you can add a graphic that provides evidence of what you learned. Feel free to use more than one slide to reflect upon your process. It also helps to add some video of your process.
- Notes to presenter: What is your purpose for sharing this reflection? Is it at the end of a unit or project? Are you sharing this reflection, at the attainment of a learning goal you set for yourself? Is it at the end of a course? State your purpose for the reflection or even the purpose of the learning experience or learning goal. Be clear and be specific in stating your purpose.
- Notes to presenter: What steps will you be taking as a result of this learning experience? Did you learn from any failed experiences? How will you do things differently? What advice will you give to others so they can learn from your experiences? How can you share what you learned with a real-world audience? Some examples of next steps might be: After delivering my first persuasive presentation, I am thinking about joining the debate team. After making my first film, I’m considering entering it in our school film festival or local film festival. After connecting with this career expert, I’d like to do some research on that career field because it sounds interesting to me. This SmartArt allows you add images and text to help outline your process. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then pictures and words should help you communicate this reflection on learning perfectly! You can always click on Insert>SmartArt to change this graphic or select the graphic and click on the Design contextual menu to change the colors. Feel free to use more than one slide to share your next steps. It also helps to add some video content to explain your message.
- Notes to presenter: What steps will you be taking as a result of this learning experience? Did you learn from any failed experiences? How will you do things differently? What advice will you give to others so they can learn from your experiences? How can you share what you learned with a real-world audience? Some examples of next steps might be: After delivering my first persuasive presentation, I am thinking about joining the debate team. After making my first film, I’m considering entering it in our school film festival or local film festival. After connecting with this career expert, I’d like to do some research on that career field because it sounds interesting to me. This SmartArt allows you add images and text to help outline your process. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then pictures and words should help you communicate this reflection on learning perfectly! You can always click on Insert>SmartArt to change this graphic or select the graphic and click on the Design contextual menu to change the colors. Feel free to use more than one slide to share your next steps. It also helps to add some video content to explain your message.
- Notes to presenter: What steps will you be taking as a result of this learning experience? Did you learn from any failed experiences? How will you do things differently? What advice will you give to others so they can learn from your experiences? How can you share what you learned with a real-world audience? Some examples of next steps might be: After delivering my first persuasive presentation, I am thinking about joining the debate team. After making my first film, I’m considering entering it in our school film festival or local film festival. After connecting with this career expert, I’d like to do some research on that career field because it sounds interesting to me. This SmartArt allows you add images and text to help outline your process. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then pictures and words should help you communicate this reflection on learning perfectly! You can always click on Insert>SmartArt to change this graphic or select the graphic and click on the Design contextual menu to change the colors. Feel free to use more than one slide to share your next steps. It also helps to add some video content to explain your message.
- Notes to presenter: What steps will you be taking as a result of this learning experience? Did you learn from any failed experiences? How will you do things differently? What advice will you give to others so they can learn from your experiences? How can you share what you learned with a real-world audience? Some examples of next steps might be: After delivering my first persuasive presentation, I am thinking about joining the debate team. After making my first film, I’m considering entering it in our school film festival or local film festival. After connecting with this career expert, I’d like to do some research on that career field because it sounds interesting to me. This SmartArt allows you add images and text to help outline your process. If a picture is worth a thousand words, then pictures and words should help you communicate this reflection on learning perfectly! You can always click on Insert>SmartArt to change this graphic or select the graphic and click on the Design contextual menu to change the colors. Feel free to use more than one slide to share your next steps. It also helps to add some video content to explain your message.