Premenstrual syndrome is a condition in which women experience emotional and physical sensitivity in the days before their period starts, caused by hormonal imbalances. Signs include irritability, food cravings, insomnia, and weight gain. Treatment involves diuretics, antidepressants, and anti-inflammatories. Pelvic inflammatory disease is a bacterial infection of the female reproductive organs that spreads from the uterus. It causes lower abdominal pain and discharge and is treated with antibiotics and abstinence. Toxic shock syndrome is a potentially fatal condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria transmitted by tampon use. Symptoms include fever, rash, and low blood pressure. Treatment involves intravenous antibiotics, injections, and blood pressure

1. Reproductive System
“Abbreviation's”

2. Premenstrual Syndrome
(PMS)
Premenstrual syndrome is a condition in which women become highly sensitive emotionally as
well as physically which can altar their behavior days before the start of the menstrual cycle.
What causes PMS?
• A change in hormones which can
cause an imbalance of the hormones
estrogen and progesterone.
• A neurotransmitter known as
serotonin has been linked to
premenstrual syndrome causing
restlessness, extreme food cravings and
feelings of exhaustion.
• Depression has also played a key
element in the severity of the
symptoms associated with
premenstrual syndrome.

3. Premenstrual Syndrome Con’t
(PMS)
Signs and Symptoms:
• Irritability
• Extreme food cravings
• Insomnia
• Weight gain caused by water retention
• Breast sensitivity
Treatment:
• Diuretics- a medication to assisted
with the release of excess fluid
retention.
• Antidepressants- a medication that
aides in reducing mood swings and
episodes of depression.
• Anti-inflammatory’- a medication
used to help decrease breast
tenderness and cramping.

4. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
(PID)
Premenstrual syndrome is a condition in which a bacterial infection has occurred in
the female reproductive organs such as the uterus, fallopian tubes or the ovaries.
What causes PID?
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease has been said to be caused by the exposure of
a sexually transmitted bacteria such as gonorrhea or chlamydia that causes
inflammation that can travel from the uterus to the fallopian tubes and even
the ovaries.

5. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Con’t
(PID)
Signs and Symptoms:
• Pain during intercourse
• Lower abdominal pain
• Fever
• Heavy vaginal discharge
• Bleeding between menstrual cycles
• Strong vaginal odor
Treatment:
• Antibiotic- a medication used to treat
different types of bacterial infections.
• Abstinence- the temporary absence
of sexual intercourse recommended by
the physician until the regimented
completion of antibiotics is complete
and the infection is gone.

6. Toxic Shock Syndrome
(TSS)
Toxic Shock Syndrome is a potentially fatal condition that is categorized as a rapidly growing
harmful bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus which is commonly transmitted during the
menstruation processes by the use of female tampons.
What causes TSS?
• Toxic Shock Syndrome is caused by a strain of bacteria that is called
Staphylococcus Aureus. This very complex bacteria can be rapidly produced
and secreted passing through multiple systems. The most common way is
through the use of female tampons and other less common ways are in
post-operative wound infections and nasal packings.

7. Toxic Shock Syndrome Con’t
(TSS)
Signs and Symptoms:
• Fever
• Rash
• Low blood pressure
• Disorientation
• Respiratory distress
• Muscle Pain
Treatment:
• Intravenous Antibiotics- a
medication used to treat different types
of bacterial infections.
• Gamma Globulin Injections- a
medication used to suppress
inflammation.
• Blood Pressure Medications-
medications used to stabilize your
blood pressure when shock sets in.

8. Gynecology
(GYN)
Gynecology is the medical practice that pertains to function and diseases of the
female reproductive system such as the breast, vagina, uterus and the ovaries.
What do Gynecologist treat?
• Hormonal Problems
• Urinary tract and Pelvic disorders
• Psychiatric conditions such as depression
• Cancers of the female reproductive system
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding, STD’s and menstrual cycle problems

9. Gynecology Con’t
(GYN)
Gynecological Procedures:
• Pelvic or vaginal exams
• Bone Density Testing
• Cervical biopsies
• Breast exams
• Pregnancy Testing
• Pelvic Ultrasounds
• STD Testing
Surgical or In-office Gynecology
Treatments:
• Hormone Replacement Therapy
• Endometrial Ablations
• Hysteroscopy
• Hysterectomy
• Dilation and Curettage
• Laparoscopy
• Operative Hysteroscopy

10. Fetal Heart Rate
(FHR)
The fetal heart rate of a fetus begins in utero and it is something that can only
be measured sonographically during pregnancy, labor and delivery
What are the characteristics of a FHR?
• The average fetal heart rate is between 120-160 bpm.
• In early pregnancy the FHR averages 80-85 bpm and increase 3 bpm per day
the first trimester.
• The fetal heart rate measures the heart beat and the rhythm of the fetus.
• Fetal heart rate can also be measured internally by the application of a scalp
electrode to the fetal scalp.

11. Fetal Heart Rate Con’t
(FHR)
What are the different ranges?
• Normal- FHR between 120-160
bpm
• Tachycardia- FHR above 160-180
bpm
• Bradycardia-FHR below 100 bpm

12. Citations
“Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) improves with lifestyle changes.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation
for Medical Education and Research, 16 Dec. 2014, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/premenstrual-syndrome/basics/causes/CON-20020003.
“What are the symptoms of Toxic Shock Syndrome?” WebMD, WebMD, LLC., 2005,
www.webmd.com/women/guide/what-are-toxic-shock-syndrome-symptoms#1.
“Common Gynecologic Problems & Procedures.” Common Gynecologic Problems and Procedures |
Women's Health CT, Women's Health Connecticut, Inc. Physicians for Women's Health, LLC ,
2016, www.womenshealthct.com/your-health/routine-care/common-gynecologic-problems-and-
procedures.
“Fetal Heart Rate Facts.” Fetal Heartbeat & Heart Rate Facts | FetalDopplerFacts.Org, 2007,
www.fetaldopplerfacts.org/facts/dopplers/fetal-heart-rate-facts.php.