5. 英文摘要
We applied the modified survey method of ReefCheck International to study the
status of coral reefs in Taiwan. Eight regions including Northeastern coast, I-lan
County, Eastern coast, Hengchun Peninsula, Penghu Islands, Hsiao-Liuchiu, Lutao,
and Lanyu were surveyed. The substrate of NE coast were mainly composed of bare
rocks (35.0 – 76.5%), with coral cover higher at 10 m depth and lower at 3 m depth.
The substrates of four localities in I-lan County were also dominated by bare rocks.
Coral cover was higher at 3 m depth at Nei-bei (60%) and much lower at other sites
(<10%). Coral cover on the coastal areas of Hengchun Peninsula was high at
Hsiang-chiao-wan (64%) and low at Tiaoshi where dead coral skeletons comprised
about 41.5 to 66.5% of the cover. Other sites had moderate coral cover ranging from
25 to 35%. Benthic communities on the eastern coast were dominated by
scleractinian corals that comprised about 31.1 to 46.5% of the cover. Soft corals
were less than 5% of the cover and a high proportion of the substrate was bare rocks.
The highest coral cover at Penghu Islands was found at the inner bay of Chinwan
(55.5 - 76.3%) while the lowest at Chitou (<1%). Dead coral skeletons comprised
more than 60% of the substrate at Chitou and Sher-tou-shan, possibly due to the
destruction by a typhoon. Coral cover was low (<9%) at two sites on Hsiao-Liuchiu
Island where bare rocks comprised more than 90% of the substrate. Coral cover at
three sites in Lutao was higher than 50% indicating the favorable environment for
coral growth. At Lanyu, the coral cover was variable among sites with the highest
cover found at Yuiniyan (46.8 and 62.2%). Bare rocks comprised about 30 to 40 %
of the substrate. In comparison with the Reefcheck data in 2000, dramatic decrease
of coral cover was found at Chitou, the outer bay of Chinwan, and Wang-an on
Penghu Islands, as well as at Tiaoshi in Hengchun Peninsula. These changes were
mainly caused by typhoon destructions and sedimentation pollution.
(Keywords: coral reef, Taiwan, Reef Check)
24. 稀少,表示台灣海域的珊瑚礁都處於過漁和被高度干擾的狀態。
三、台灣海域珊瑚礁的迫害因子,主要是沉積物污染、破壞性漁法(炸魚、毒魚、
放置流刺網等)、有機質污染、海洋遊憩活動的破壞等。
四、建議儘速研擬設立海洋保護區、防治海洋污染、取締破壞性漁法、妥善規
劃和管理海洋遊憩活動等,以保護台灣海域的珊瑚礁。
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