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Mitral
regurgitation
Pelle, Philipp, Sebastiaan
Etiology and pathophysiolology
Treatment
Risk factors
murmurs: heard best downstream of the defect
Auscultation:
mid-high frequency
holosytolic murmurs
auscultation: crackles at the base of the lungs
auscultation: narrowed airways lead to wheezing
hypoxemia -> increased respiratory rate: 36 per minute
Healthy PV loop
Reduce preload
AND edema:
short acting
diuretic:
Nitroprusside
Notice:
no isovolumic
contraction
Prevent exacerbation:
Decreased blood flow to kidney
Activation of renin-angiotensin
Angiotensin stimulates aldosterone
Water reabsorption and vasoconstriction
Even larger volume overload
Even higher blood pressure
Use ACE-inhibitor
Surgery to repair/replace the mitral valve
Left sided heart failure
Damage to pulmonary capillaries due to infection or
breathing noxious substances
Medications
Cardiomyopathy
High altitude
Heart disease
Renal failure
Risks

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Mitral regurgitation