1. Technological
Development in
International Transport.
(Export Procedure & Documentation )
By: Saurabh Kumar (43) Submitted to :

2. Timeline of transportation technology
• Stone Age (Extreme Olden Days)
3500 BC -- Wheeled carts, River boats, Horses.
• 19th & 20th century (At Present)
•Airplanes, Cargo ships, Roadways and Railways.
•So, Technology has had a tremendous impact upon
the transportation and continual enhancements are
made, the world continues to "grow smaller" .

3. Transportation and Advantages
• Transportation enables a company on one
continent to send its raw materials or products
to another company in a different continent
• Transport technology enhancements supports
developments in Communication, Financing
and Management technology.
• Technological advancements in airplanes,
cargo ships and railways allow for quicker,
cheaper, reliable and user friendly delivery,
making global distribution more feasible.

4. •Transportation follows a path of experimentation,
Introduction, adoption and diffusion and, finally,
obsolescence, each of which has an impact on the rate
of economic development.
• Transport technology can be linked to five major
waves of economic development where a specific
mode or system emerged:
• Seaports.
• Rivers and canals.
• Railways.
• Roads.
• Airways and information.

5. Lifespan of the concerned mode
Seaports: Linked with the early stages of European
expansion from the 16th to the 18th centuries.
They supported the development of international
trade through colonial empires, but were
constrained by limited inland access.
Rivers and canals: The first stage of the industrial
revolution in the late 18th and early 19th centuries
was linked to the development of canal systems in
Western Europe and North America, mainly to
transport heavy goods.
This permitted the development of rudimentary and
constrained inland distribution systems.

6. • Railways: The second stage of industrial revolution in
the 19th century was intimately linked to the
development and implementation of rail systems, some
transcontinental, enabling a more flexible inland
transportation system.
• Roads: The 20th century saw the development of road
transportation systems and automobile manufacturing.
Individual transportation became a commodity
available to the masses, especially after the Second
World War.
• Airways and information: The later part of the 20th
century saw the development of global air and
telecommunication networks in conjunction with the
globalization of economic activities.

7. Limitations Transport Technology
• Demand tends to grow at a geometric rate, while the
environmental capacity (at given technologies) to
handle such growth is fixed.
• In Land transportation includes
• Traffic congestion
• Availability and price of crude oil
• Air pollution
• Global warming
• Adoption of new regulatory policies by