types of sonochemical reaction sonochemistry sono chemical reaction

1. TYPE OF SONO CHEMICAL
REACTION
PRESENTED BY-
SANDEEP BINDRA

2. SONOCHEMISTRY-
• The frequency of sound waves, beyond the human audible limits (20 Hz to
20KHz), is called ultrasound, which extends up to 500 MHz or even more.
• The upper limit of ultrasonic frequency for gases is 5MHz compared to
500MHz for liquids and solids.
• The use of ultrasound within this large frequency range may be broadly
divided into two areas.
• The first area involves low amplitude (higher frequency) propagation, which is
concerned with the effect of the medium on the wave and is commonly
referred to as low power and high frequency ultrasound. Besides the studies of
the measurement of velocity and absorption co-efficient in this range (1 – 10
MHz), other important uses are in the fields of medical imaging, chemical
analysis and relaxation phenomenon.
• The second area involves high energy (low frequency) waves known as high
power ultrasound between 20 – 100 KHz, which is used for cleaning, plastic

3. • The branch of chemistry dealing with the study of the effect of
• ultrasound waves (20 KHz – 100 KHz), on chemical activity is known as Sonochemistry.
• In chemistry, the study of sonochemistry is concerned with understanding the effect of sonic
waves and wave properties on chemical systems.
• The chemical effects of ultrasound do not come from a direct interaction with molecular
species.
• Studies have shown that no direct coupling of the acoustic field with chemical species on a
molecular level can account for sonochemistry or sonoluminescence.
• Instead, sonochemistry arises from acoustic cavitation: the formation, growth, and implosive
collapse of bubbles in a liquid.

4. • This is demonstrated in phenomena such as ultrasound, sonication,
sonoluminescence, and sonic cavitation.
Sonochemistry is that branch of one, which deals with the study of sonic
waves and their properties on chemical systems.

5. HOMOGENOUS LIQUID REACTION
• In the bulk liquid immediately surrounding the bubble where
the rapid collapse of Bubble generates shear forces which can
produce mechanical effects.
• In the bubble itself where any species introduced during its
formation will be Subjected to extreme condition of
temperature and pressure on collapse leading to Chemical
effects.

7. HETEROGENEOUS SOLID/LIQUID REACTION
• Solid surfaces = implosion, microjets, shock waves
200 μm minimum particle size at 20 kHz for microjets.
• Acoustic cavitation can produce dramatic effects on solid in liquid
imperfection Or trapped gas can act as the nuclei for cavitation bubble
formation on the surface collapse Can the lead to shock waves break
the particle apart.
• cavitation bubble collapse in the liquid Phase near to a particle can
produce force into rapid motion.

8. HETEROGENEOUS LIQUID/LIQUID REACTION
• Solid particles in liquid = shock waves
high speed interparticle collisions (500 km/s)
• In heterogeneous liquid/liquid reaction cavitation collapse at or
near the interface will Causes disruption and mixing resulting
in the formation of very fine emulsions.

10. REFERENCES-
• Patel, V. K., Sen, D. J., Patel, H. U., & Patel, C. N. (2010).
Sonochemistry: The effect of sonic waves on chemical systems.
Jocpr.com. https://www.jocpr.com/articles/sonochemistry-
the-effect-of-sonic-waves-on-chemical-systems.pdf
• (N.d.-b). Researchgate.net. Retrieved April 20, 2023, from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299830823_Sonoch
emistry_An_overview
• Vinatoru, M., & Mason, T. J. (2021). Jean-Louis Luche and the
interpretation of sonochemical reaction mechanisms. Molecules
(Basel, Switzerland), 26(3), 755.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26030755
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11. THANK YOU