Laboratory Waste management

1. LABORATORY WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Tuba Arif
Syeda Rafia Shakoor
Alisha Moazzam
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2. What is laboratory waste
 Laboratory waste is waste that is generated
from laboratories in industry and in educational
centers and universities
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3. Importance
The waste, if not disposed of correctly, could
pose a danger to the environment and people
including;
 Dostors
 Nursing staff
 Housekeepers
 Patients & visitors
 Community
 Environment
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4. Main Aim
Strategies for managing laboratory waste aims:
 To maximize safety
 Minimize environmental impact
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5. Categories
 Hazardous
 Clinical
 Biological
 Electrical
 Laboratory
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6. Sources of healthcare waste
 Govt. hospitals
 Healthcare hospitals
 Nursing homes
 Physician’s office or clinic
 Dentist’s office or clinic
 Research laboratories
 Dispensaries
 Mortuaries
 Blood bank and collecting centers
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7. Classification of hospital waste
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8. Hazardous Waste
Any waste that directly or indirectly represents a
threat to human health or to the environment by
introducing one or more of the following risks
 Explosion or fire
 Infections
 Pathogens
 parasites or their vectors
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9. Chemical waste
Classification of dangerous goods and
substances:
 Class 1 Explosives
 Class 2 Gases
 Class 3 Flammable liquids
 Class 4 Flammable solids
 Class 5 Oxidizing substances and organic
peroxides
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10. Chemical waste
 Class 6 Toxic and infectious substances
 Class 7 Radioactive Substances
 Class 8 Corrosives
 Class 9 Other miscellaneous
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11. Biological waste
Waste generated from
 Biologically- cultured stocks and plates
 Molecular material
 Blood, animal and plant tissues
 All sharps e.g. glass implements, needles,
syringes, blades, glass Pasteur pipettes
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12. Clinical waste
Any waste that consists wholly or partly of:
 Human or animal tissue
 Blood or bodily fluids
 Excretions
 Drugs or other pharmaceutical products
 Swabs or dressings
 Syringes, needles or other sharp objects
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13. Special waste
 Ethidium bromide
 Electrophoresis gels<0.1% - trash
 Electrophoresis gels>0.1% - biohazard box
 EtBr solution-charcoal filtration
 Mercury
 Spilled-pooled droplets, gloves & paper-
puncture resistant container –label mercury
spill debris
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14. Waste management strategy
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 Categorization
 Collection & segregation of waste
 Proper packaging
 Proper storage of waste
 Effective labeling
 Transportation
 Treatment & disposal

15. Categories of biomedical waste
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16. Categories of biomedical waste
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17. Collection and segregation
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18. Collection and segregation
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19. Packaging of waste
 Place hazardous waste in sealable containers
 Containers must be kept closed
 Do not leave a hazardous waste container with
a funnel in it
 Container should not react with the waste
being stored
 Similar compatible wastes can be mixed
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20. Storage of waste
 Waste collected and stored in thick non-
corrosive plastic bags or containers of specific
color code
 Waste in bags and containers should be kept
in separate area, room or building (not more
than 48 hours)
 Healthcare waste should be transported within
the hospital or other facilities by means of
handcart wheeled trolley
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21. Labelling of waste
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22. Transportation of waste
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23. Treatment and disposal
techniques
 Incineration
 Chemical disinfection
 Wet and dry thermal treatment
 land filling
 Recycling
 Worm composting
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24. Incineration
 Burning waste at 1000 degree Celsius
 Organic and combustible waste→ inorganic
and incombustible waste
 fly to ash
 Collection of ash
 Dumping in community landfills
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25. Chemical disinfection
 Best for treating liquid waste
 Bleaching powder, alcohol,glutareldehyde,
quaternary ammonium compounds
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26. Wet thermal heating (autoclave)
 Penetration of steam in waste
 At specified temperature and pressure for
specific period of time
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27. Dry thermal treatment
 Also known as screw feed technology
 Waste is treated in rotatory auger
 Reduced by 80% by volume and 20-30% by
weight
 Infectious waste and sharps
 Not used for cytotoxic or radioactive wastes
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28. Land filling
 Sanitary landfills are specially constructed for
disposal of nonbiodegradable infectious
hospital wastes
 Should have impermeable base of clay and
pebbles
 Frequent spray of insecticide
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29. Worm composting
 Biodegradable general waste from areas like
kitchen, dining places, cafeteria
 Rectangular pit of 1m deep bound by brick
wall
 Introduction of few 100 worms
 Regular spray of water
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30. Latest techniques
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 Microwave irradiation
 Plasma torch technology
 Hydroclave

31. Microwaving
 Heat is generated during bombardment of EM
waves
 Highly efficient
 Cost effective
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32. Plasma torch technology
 It consists of a flame at about 2200 degree to
13,900 degree Celsius
 converts garbage into plasma
 Dispose biohazarduous waste safely
 Extremely costly
 Need proper setup
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33. Hydroclave
 An advance autoclave method
 Completely sterilize the waste
 Very low operating cost
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34. Don’ts
 Put the waste indiscriminately
 Put wrong bags in bin (adhere to the color
code)
 Fill the bags till the neck
 Handle bags without gloves
 Drag the bag
 Mix non infectious waste with the infectious
ones
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35. Conclusion
 Individual participation is required
 Municipality and government should pay
importance to disposal of waste economically
 PPE should be strictly followed
 Educating and motivating oneself
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36. Refrences
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 https://www.slideshare.net/rahul05071/bio-
medical-waste-management-51593353
 https://www.slideshare.net/sakshamagarwal12
11/bio-medical-waste-management-46902149
 https://www.acs.org/content/dam/acsorg/about/
governance/committees/chemicalsafety/waste-
management-flyer.pdf
 http://www.phswastemanagement.co.uk/inform
ation-centre/clinical-waste-segregation-and-
colour-coding