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Gawad
Neuroscience Physiology
Lecture 11
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 2
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 3
General properties of reflexes
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 4
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 5
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 6
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 7
4, 5. Occlusion vs Subliminal fringe
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 8
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 9
excitation field
summation facilitated
discharge zone subliminal fringe
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 10
4. Occlusion:
1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 11
4. Occlusion:
1 1 +1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 12
4. Occlusion:
1 1 +1
1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 13
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 14
5. Subliminal
fringe:
1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 15
5. Subliminal
fringe:
1 1 +1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 16
5. Subliminal
fringe:
1 1 +1
1 +1 +1
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 17
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 18
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 19
8. Reciprocal innervation:
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 20
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 21
9. Recruitment and after discharge:
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Wednesday, November 28, 2018 25
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Wednesday, November 28, 2018 29
Spinal cord reflexes
Gawad
I) Superficial reflexes:
• They result from stimulation of receptors present in the skin.
1. Plantar reflex
• - method: Scratching the
lateral edge of the sole with a
blunt object
• - result: plantar flexion of the
toes.
• Center: S1,2
2. Flexor withdrawal reflex:
• protective reflex
• prepotent; that is, they preempt
(precede)
• polysynaptic reflex with a central
delay of more than 3 milliseconds.
v
v
2. Flexor withdrawal reflex:
3. Crossed extensor reflex:
• protective reflex
• supportive reflex
4. Upper and lower abdominal reflexes:
withdrawal reflex
T7,
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 38
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 39
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3-10 muscle fibers
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 43
3-10 muscle fibers
central non-contractile part
called the receptor area
peripheral contractile part
peripheral contractile part
44
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 45
α
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 46
α
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Stretching
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 47
α
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Stretching Stretching
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 48
α
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Stretching Stretching
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 49
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 50
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 51
α
γ
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 52
α
γ
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic
gamma
efferent
Static
gamma
efferent
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
α
γ
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 53
α
γ
Dynamic
gamma
efferent
Static
gamma
efferent
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 54
α
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Stretching Stretching
γ γ
Dynamic
gamma
efferent
Static
gamma
efferent
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
α
γ
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 55
α
γ
Dynamic
gamma
efferent
Static
gamma
efferent
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Alpha motor neuron
thick myelinated
Primary or annulospinal endings
myelinated group Ia
Secondary or flower spray endings
type II myelinated
Dynamic response (dynamic stretch reflex - tendon jerk) Static response (static stretch reflex – skeletal muscle tone)
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 56
2- stimulation of dynamic gamma motor neuron
1-
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 57
2- stimulation of static gamma motor neuron
1-
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 58
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 59
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 60
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 61
Wednesday, November 28, 2018 62

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