1. Floors & Flooring
Of all the furnishings in a room, the floor receives the
most abuse.
Numerous materials are used for flooring (wood,
carpet, ceramic tile, concrete, stone and brick).
Flooring sets the mood of the room.
When selecting background for a room, start with the
floor and work up.
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3. Floors are constantly subjected to:
- dirt and spills
- heavy traffic
- the weight of furniture
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4. Floor Coverings
Floor coverings must be attractive,
serviceable, durable and harmonize
with the rest of the room.
Floor coverings are often the most
expensive part of a redecoration project,
but quality will pay off over time.
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5. Type of flooring chosen
depends on:
the purpose of the room
the amount of traffic flowing through it
how much maintenance the flooring requires
and whether it coordinates with the
decorative scheme
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6. Materials for floors can be divided into two
types:
Finish flooring.. is considered a permanent
part of the floor.
Floor coverings that are non-permanent
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7. Types of Flooring
Wood is the most popular finish flooring,
wood is attractive, comfortable and provides
warmth to the room. Most can be applied over
concrete or wood.
Styles:
Strip flooring
Random Plank
Parquet
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8. Wood Flooring
In areas where people stand a lot (kitchens)
consider a floating floor with a foam
underlayment. It is more cushioned than a
fastened or glued-down floor.
350 per sq ft. onwards
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This is a pad!
9. Wood Flooring
When laying a floor orient the boards to the
longest wall. This creates a optical illusion,
making the room appear larger than it really is.
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10. Hardwood (ex: oak and maple) is made
either into planks that fit together with
tongue- and-groove joints or strips that
are fastened to the sub-flooring by nails
and glue. The wood comes both pre-
finished (factory-stained and sealed) and
unfinished styles.
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11. Parquet (small pieces of wood arranged in
different designs, such as herringbone and
checkerboard). Parquet come in pre-finished
squares and are easily installed.
Softwoods (ex: pine and alder) are much more
susceptible to scratching, denting, and overall
wear than hardwoods.
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12. Engineered Wood
A stable stack of wood veneers glued
together like a plywood sandwich and
made into strips that look like solid boards.
A thin layer of hardwood is glued on the
top. The harder wood the top layer, the
more resilient it is to dents and the longer
it’ll keep its like-new looks.
Polyurethane protects the top veneer.
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14. For added strength and stability, each
underlying layer of wood grain runs at 90̊
to its neighbors.
Currently, engineered wood flooring accounts
for 30% of the wood flooring sold in America
today.
80 per sq ft.
onwards
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15. Slate, Stone, and Brick
may be used indoors or outdoors
is often used for patios, porches, and entrance
halls
is not comfortable to stand on for long
periods of time.
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16. Types of Flooring: Stone
Marble- the colors depend on the area of the
world where it was quarried.
60 per sq ft.onwards
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17. Types of Flooring: Stone
Terrazzo-broken pieces of
stone are used to make
terrazzo.
150 per sq ft. onwards
It is often used in Italian
Renaissance style rooms
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18. Types of Flooring: Stone
Travertine- is a porous limestone that can be
formed into tiles that can be used on floors and
walls.
50-60 per sq ft. onwards
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19. Types of Flooring: Ceramic Tile
made of baked clay
originated in Egypt
about 4700 B.C.
is often named after the city
or areas from which they
originate.
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20. Ceramic Tile
It is moisture resistant, durable, easy to
clean, but it chips and cracks easily.
Tile is often used in baths and kitchens but
can become slippery.
Tiles come in various sizes.
The space between the tiles is filled with
cement like substance called grout.
30 per sq ft.onwards 20
21. Ceramic Mosaic
Individual tiles are mounted together on a
sheet to help keep them together and make
installation easier.
90 per sq ft. onwards
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22. Mexican Tile
made from clay taken directly from the
ground
shaped by hand which results in uneven
thickness
dried in a sun and often have prints of leaves,
animal tracks.
110 per sq ft. onwards
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23. Concrete Flooring
easy to clean and extremely durable
It can be hard on people’s feet and joints if
stood or walked on for long periods of time.
It is often used in large stores, restaurants,
garages and utility rooms.
It can be painted, stained or treated to be
attractive.
25 per sq ft. onwards
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24. Other Types of Flooring
Quarry tile
Vinyl
Linoleum
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25. Floor Coverings
Resilient flooring
flooring with a semi-hard surface that returns to
it’s original shape after stress.
it is warmer and quieter than finish flooring
it is not quite as durable as finish flooring
It is sold in tiles, self-adhesive tiles and sheet
form
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26. Vinyl Flooring
one of the best resilient coverings.
resists many stains, including grease and
bleach
durable and easy to clean
comes in many patterns and colors
can have no-wax finish with built in luster
15 per sq ft onwards
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27. Asphalt
Asphalt is the least expensive resilient covering.
It can be damaged by grease or dented so it may
not be good for kitchens,
but it is a good cover for concrete floors
40 per sq ft. onwards
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28. Rubber
resists denting and most
stains
is quiet and easy to walk
on
often used in hospital
for “static electricity”
Reduction
20 per sq ft onwards
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29. Cork flooring
is environmentally GREEN
quiet and comfortable
but is easily damaged
not stain- or grease- resistant
best used on area of light
Traffic
120 per sq ft. onwards.
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30. Rugs
are made in one piece and have finished
edges
come in different sizes, colors, shapes and
quality
can be moved from room to room or one
home to another
can be turned to distribute
wear more evenly
50 per sq ft onwards
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31. Carpet
Carpeting can provide an unbroken area of color
and texture and can make a room seem spacious.
40 per sq ft onwards
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32. Carpet Characteristics
insulates the floor against drafts
muffles noise
provides a feeling of comfort and luxury
is durable
reduces falls due to slipping
easy to maintain
Some carpet fibers are designed to resist
grease, stains and oil spills.
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33. Carpet Padding
doubles the life of a carpet by acting as a shock
absorber
adds to the comfort and quiet
provides extra insulation
prevents carpet from sliding
should be colorfast so color won’t bleed through
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34. Carpet color and design
is the most noticeable feature of carpeting
can create different effects and feelings
can be patterned with geometric or floral
designs repeated in curtains and walls
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35. Carpet color and design
tweed & patterned carpets hide footprints & dirt
the decorating scheme of a room is often
determined by the carpet color.
use of a single color throughout the home or
business provides a unifying feeling
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36. Broadloom Carpet is manufactured in rolls up
to 18 feet wide. Seams are taped or sewed
together; the entire carpet is fastened to the
floor.
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37. Carpet Tiles
are single squares that are easy to install
Tiles are convenient because if worn or soiled, a
single square or an area can be taken up for
cleaning or replacement.
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38. Carpet is made from either:
Natural Fibers used to make carpeting come
from plants or animals; usually cotton, linen or
wool.
Manufactured synthetic fibers like nylon are
used to make carpets. About 90% of all carpets
and rugs are made of manufactured fibers.
Recycled carpet can be remade into new
carpet.
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39. Carpet Quality
The quality of carpeting is determined by fiber
content, construction, depth of pile, and density
of pile.
The GRIN Test helps determines quality.
Bend back the carpet sample. Notice the
amount of space between the yarns and how the
yarns are attached. The more yarn that is used in
a carpet, the denser and more durable the pile
will be.
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41. Carpet Texture is created by a variety of fibers
being looped, twisted, or cut to make different
textures and to influence the quality of the
carpet.
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42. Discussion Question
In the small space provided in your notes, list
the floorings used in your current home. On the
left side list the Finish floorings and the right
side list the Floor Coverings.
Finish Coverings
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