This is a presentation about limnology and oceanography.

1. HI! I AM SAKINA
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY

2. WHAT IS
LIMNOLOGY?
Limnology is the study of inland
waters - lakes (both freshwater
and saline), reservoirs, rivers,
streams, wetlands, and
groundwater - as ecological
systems interacting with their
drainage basins and the
atmosphere.

3. IMPORTANCE OF
LIMNOLOGY
The word Limnology comes from two Greek words.
‘Limnos’ means lake or submerged body of water
and ‘Logos; means knowledge.
Limnology is a relatively new science. In the
modern definition, limnology is considered to be
synonymous with freshwater biology. According to
Wetzel (2003), in the broadest sense, limnology is
the acquisition of knowledge about the functional
relationship between freshwater organisms and
their productivity, which is affected by the
movement of various physicochemical and
biological regulators in the environment.

4. Physical properties include
freezing point, boiling point,
melting point, infrared
spectrum, electronic
parameters, viscosity, and
density.
Regulators are often
referred to as warm-
blooded animals. Examples
of this class few aquatic
animals. They maintain
constant body
temperature by working on
temperatures through heat
production and metabolic
processes
PHYSICOCEMICAL AND
BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS

5. HISTORY OF
LIMNOLOGY
The term limnology was coined by François-
Alphonse Forel (1841–1912) who established the field
with his studies of Lake Geneva. Interest in the
discipline rapidly expanded after that.
In India, pioneering efforts on limnology of
impounded water were initiated by Ganapati (1940)
and by Madras State Fisheries Department (Raj,
1941). Later on a number of publication on the
limnology of freshwater of India have appeared. Rao
and Govind (1964), Hussainy (1967), Vasist (1968)

6. As we very well know water has
been on this earth long before us
humans. Due to thier historical and
ongoing relationship with water and
its organisms its quite important
also a very curious topic to study
because we dont know what lies
beneath. Limnologists continue
thier search beneath ocean for
finding new things everyday, also
they are succeding, afterall its all
because of thier work we know
WHAT IS THE NEED
TO STUDY
LIMNOLOGY?

7. WHAT IS
OCEANOGRAPHY?
Its a study of the physical,
chemical, and biological
features of the ocean,
including the ocean's
ancient history, its current
location, and its future. It
also studies the ocean
plants and animals and thier
interactions with marine
environment.

8. Its plays a important role in
understanding the distribution and
reactivity of components within the
ocean and at the earth-ocean
interfaces. Ocean covers about 70%
of earths surface with average
depth about 3900 kilometres. This
makes it very important to study
the inside of the oceans.
IMPORTANCE OF
OCEANOGRAPHY

9. HISTORY OF
OCEANOGRAPHY
It started as a field of science only a little
less than 130 years ago, in the late 19th
century, after Americans, British, and
Europeans launched a few expeditions to
explore ocean currents, ocean life, and
the seafloor off thier coastlines.
Sir John Murray was pioneering Scots-
Canadian oceanographer, marine
biologist and limnologist. He is
considered the father of modern
oceanography.

10. WHAT IS THE NEED
TO STUDY
OCEANOGRAPHY?
Global Change
Biodiversity
Environment Quality
Economic competitiveness
National security
Energy
Coastal Hazards
It's important to many of the nation's social
concerns, including Global Change. The
Oceanographers investigate ocean tides,
temperature, waves, density, and currents.
They also predict the changes in wind or any
possibility of floods or increasing rate of global
warming and how much it affects our Earth.it
helps to understand many social concerns like,
1.
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11. SOME MILESTONES DISCOVERED
BY LIMNOLOGISTS AND
OCEANOGRAPHER
THE LOST CITY OF ATLANTIS
1.
This is a evergreen history, even after so many years
no one can say for sure if it exists or not, but the
limnologists are still working on thier way to find it.
It has been described to us in so many ways. You
might have seen atlantis in some movies or cartoons.
It was first mentioned by a philosopher named PLUTO
nearly, 2400 years ago and yet its in trend.

12. How can we forget the legendary Titanic,
it was discovered in 1987, by a well known person
ROBERT BALLARD, in his career span of more than
60 yrs, he conducted over 150 expeditions, but yet
his most favorite one was the TITANIC, he likes to
be called as "the man who found titanic"
It took Dr. Ballard and his team about 12 days to find
the wreck in an area of oceans five time the span of
NY city. The whole story of the ship was disclosed
in the 1997 movie Titanic.
2. THE TITANIC

13. 3. LOST MAHABALIPURAM
PAGODAS
These were considered as myths by lack
of scientific evidences until,
2004 when a tsunami hit Indian Ocean and
revealed the Mahabalipuram Pagodas.
Thereafter, various expeditions took place
which led to the complete discovery of the
architect. The most literary reference
made for these were by MARCO POLO
who came to india in the 13th century, after
that until 2004 it was considered a myth,
but later discovered by Prof. Alok Tripathi
led the excavations and it was found.

14. 4. FRILLED GIANT PACIFIC
OCTOPUS
Scientists and Oceanographers
discovered a new species of octupus in
the waters of Prince William Sound, Alaska.
It has a unique frill that runs the length of
its bodyang two distinctive marks on his
head.

15. Its more famously known as the 'river in sea'.
It was discovered by Anatoly Beloshchin and his
group of divers. They said that this river under
water is same as any other river. Its a popular dive
site in the yucaton peninsula in Mexico. It flows 115
feet deep, with flow of both fresh and salty water
varying at dephts. They say that this cenotes were
formed thousands of years ago. We can even go
diving there and enjoy the classic cave features of
limestone.
5. CENOTE ANGELITA